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Norse myth. A cultural history of reception
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Irina Maria Manea
About

Nordic
Press references abound in contemporary popular culture, they are so common in
fantasy literature, role-playing games, comics or cinematography that the time of their
anonymity
Blog outside of Scandinavia has long gone by. Whether or not merely
anthropological curiosities that serve for a good story or attempts to reconnect with the
ancient
People past in the form of Neopagan revivals, the world of Asgard and Valhalla proves
to be very potent in its adaption to different discourses.
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VALHALLA RISING: THE CONSTRUCTION OF CULTURAL IDENTITY THROUGH NORSE
MYTH IN SCANDINAVIAN AND GERMAN PAGAN PhD THESIS
Fortsätt
Help Center
2017 •Irina Maria Manea

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VALHALLA RISING: THE CONSTRUCTION OF CULTURAL IDENTITY THROUGH NORSE


MYTH IN SCANDINAVIAN AND GERMAN PAGAN METAL PhD THESIS
Irina Maria Manea
What happens when the electric guitar meets Thor’s hammer? The effect might be quite
bombastic and trigger a sensation of empowerment and enchantment capable of temporarily
relocating us to some imaginary places and eldritch times that could cathartically fill up an
imagined identity. Metal music is an enormously rich and challenging cultural phenomenon, which
has been captivating me for some years and where many times I found solace and an expression
of my own emotions. Equally fascinating I find the distant past, with all its aura of mystique and


:
exoticism – “the past is a foreign country”, as the saying goes. What I am writing about in this…
paper is somehow
Download Free a compromise
PDF View PDFbetween the two, focused on an intriguing and dynamic stylistic
trend in metal culture, which is to use Pagan histories as source of inspiration for the lyrics and
images of the bands. One vital preliminary remark would be that when such bands aesthetically
Old Norse Made New: Essays on the Post-Medieval Reception of Old Norse Literature and Culture
instrument the past and play with nostalgic reimaginings of history and heritage, they weave a
(eds. Clark, D. and Phelpstead, C.)
personalized cultural narrative that corresponds to a symbolic collectivity and cultural memory.
Tolkien and Old Norse Antiquity: Real and Romantic Links in Material Culture
What guides this study are questions such as: how does the non-musical component relate to old
2007
sources•Dimitra Fimikind of discourse does it produce? What does it communicate about the
and what
Earlier versions
relationship of most
between ofand
past the essays
present?inHow
this collection
can heritage were deliveredcontribute
narratives at the Viking Society
to the formation of
Student Conference
a metal identity? on the
Is such antheme of Old Norse
engagement MadeinNew
meaningful held at the
postmodern artUniversity of Oxford
and society? Not toon 25
February 2006
anticipate (Clark,I Fimi,
too much, Finlay,
will just hintO'Donoghue, Phelpstead,
that ancient tokens and Townend).
can acquire symbolicThese
powerpapers
if theyare
perform
published
within alongside others
contemporary on medievalist
traditions of myth andtopics from
fantasy. previous Viking
Additionally, since Society Student
I used the term cultural
Conferences
identity in the(Ashurst
title, thisand Larrington).
should This collection
be understood addresses
in this context students andsense
as a constructed scholars with an
of collective
interest in the ways that
self-representation in which
makes Olduse
Norse literature
of certain and theto
identifiers medieval
happen.culture of Iceland
The identifier and to
I chose
Scandinavia
explore havemythology,
is Norse influencedwith writers, especially
reference writers
to the in English,
collection afterand
of figures the stories
Middle in
Ages. The…
the Eddic
essays
material, collected
whichFree
Download here
PDFcover
constitutes a wide
an
View PDF chronological
aesthetic span (from
cultural marker the eighteenth
that underpins century
a heritage to the twenty-
narrative in
first) and
metal a range
music: of literaryof
the invention genres (poetry, novel,
Northernness. libretto, children's
As pinpointed by Stuartliterature, fantasy
Hall, the sense offiction).
collectivity
is rendered
Simon Halinkby(ed.),
a more or less Myths,
Northern artificial imposed
Modern “self” built
Identities. Theupon shared images
Nationalisation of history and
of Northern
cultural codes
Mythologies that 1800
since provide frames of reference and meaning. we can think about it as a shifting
description
The Quest of ofthe subject,Theosophy
Gangleri: in the process of Old
and drawingNorsesymbolic boundaries.
Mythology “The past continues to
in Iceland
speak to us. But it no longer addresses us a simple factual past. It is always constructed through
2019 •Simon Halink
memory, fantasy, narrative and myth. Cultural identities are the unstable points of identification or
“The Quest
suture, whichof are
Gangleri:
made Theosophy and OldofNorse
within discourses Mythology
history” in Iceland”,
. The situation in Simon Halink
is complicated in the (ed.),
Northern
postmodern Myths, Modern
context, where Identities. The simply
the subject Nationalisation of Northern
disintegrates Mythologies
into a flux since 1800
of discontinuity that
(Boston and Leiden: Brill, 2019) p.p. 192-213.
problematizes the concept of identity itself turning it into a construct of language . And in this
fragmented
Download picture
Free PDFcomesView up extreme
PDF metal, a constellation of genres with abrasive sound and
transgressive content, where one lyrical trend elevates sources like Norse mythology to cultural
markers
Einherjer. that enact dreams
A ballad of swords of a primordial past as forms of differentiation and authenticity, yet in
a carnivalesque fashion with a strongly immersive touch. Mainly, cultural identity is achieved here
Irina Maria Manea
through representations of heritage, understood in a context of metal culture. When recycling and
Einherjer attempts
reusing themes fromto old
revive the past
sources in awith personal
similar manner,retellings of Norse
bands invoke myths,
their own conceived as a vital
story and sense of
part of heritage that needs to be preserved. Heathenism, rather than a set of
belonging. As a case study I have made a selection (highly subjective, of course) of metal bands beliefs, again
appears
and songtotexts
havethat
a discursive
resort to an quality in the aesthetic
intertextual play withconstruction of heritage.
the Eddic material, Retelling
but with stories
the hope to
creates a memory space through “empathetic remembering”
reach a more general overview with theoretical remarks that can be applied to the rest of the
sceneDownload
as well. Free PDF IView
Moreover, havePDF
devoted large sections to the analysis of the interplay between
metal and myth and how the former may be thought to generate an aestheticized spirituality. My
practical
The Power selection
of Northincludes bands Enslaved,
in extreme metal: the Einherjer, Helheim (Norway), Månegarm, Amon
band Enslaved
Amarth, Thyrfing (Sweden), Falkenbach, Black Messiah and Odroerir (Germany), which beyond the
Irina Maria Manea
aural differentiations share common markers in subject matters. The denominations Pagan and
The use of Norse myth in Pagan metal is indicative of how an art-religion is formed based on
Viking metal are used in this paper to refer to the set of verbal and visual codes, in a nutshell a
transfigurations of cultural heritage. At the same time we need to always take into account the
lyrical trend focused on pre-Christian themes, Nordic ones in the case of the latter, therefore they
more ample semiotic codes of (extreme) metal and its transgressive features so as to grasp the
will often appear synonymously here since I am merely discussing the construction of
meanings of storytelling and recontextualizations of Norse myth in creative processes.
Northernness. My particular focus will be on a content analysis of the Eddic themes in metal
Download
lyrics, but alsoFree
on aPDFbroadView PDF
contextualization of such a historical reception. That being said, let us
begin our journey to Valhalla.
:
Ph.D. Thesis: Asgard Revisited. Old Norse Mythology and Icelandic National Culture
1820-1918
2017 •Simon Halink

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Primal Roots: Ancestry and Race in Extreme Music Discourses


Irina Maria Manea
In the following essay our discussion will center around the problem of identity building within the
extreme heavy metal scene, which resorts to certain myths, images and stereotypes in its lyrical
discourses in order to empower this identity. We are investigating one recurrent theme which is
the preoccupation for heritage and ancestry and therefore the attempt to revive what is perceived
as traditional and authentic. New heathenism is an evergrowing phenomenon that opposes a
highly idealized and glorified past to a modernity conceived as corrupted and non-authentic,
seeking to offer an alternative to it through its laudatory rhetoric about history, religion and natur…
Nuances of this
Download ideological
Free PDF View trend
PDFcan be encountered in the lyrical discourses of Black and Pagan
Metal, underground music scenes which also display a traditional and conservative tendency, but
which can also degenerate into more extremist forms such as racism. How and why are they
Norse Myth and Identity in Swedish Viking Metal: Imagining Heritage and a Leisure
exploring these trends, how can we integrate them into a broader historical context and why is the
Community
reception of the past so important to them are a few of the aspects we are going to address.
Irina Maria Manea
This paper will be exploring how a specific category of popular music known as Viking Metal
thematically reconstructs heritage and what meanings we can decode from images generally
dealing with an idealized past more than often symbolically equated with Norse myth and
antiquity. On the whole we are investigating how song texts and furthermore visual elements
contribute to the formation of a cultural identity and memory which not only expresses
attachment for a particular time and space, but also serves as a leisure experience with the
cultural proposal of an alternate selfhood residing in the reproduction of a mystical heroic…
populace. TheFree
Download study caseView
PDF is that
PDFof a few contemporary Swedish Viking Metal bands and
particularly their appropriations of Norse mythology

The Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies, Vol. 9, issue 2
The Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies, Vol. 9, issue 2 (2017)
2017 •Silviu-Marian Miloiu, C. C., Cristina Visovan
After several decades wherein the Viking studies seemed to allow little ground for new discoveries
the past decades have shown the tremendous research potential they still offer to scholars.
Gradually, the classical image of Viking warlords which permeated the historical writing starting
already with – and often based on – the medieval chronicles has been nuanced and other
hypostases of the Norseman have been discussed: the Viking as a trader, explorer, state crafter,
etc. New study programmes of Viking studies have been established at universities in
Scandinavia, but also in Britain, United States and Western Europe. Fresh historical sources have…
beenDownload
discovered and
Free old sources
PDF View PDFhave been reinterpreted. In correlation with ethnographical
studies, recent archaeological excavations and new insights into mythology, they greatly
expanded our knowledge of the Viking Age and its continental and global role. The Romanian
Association of Baltic and Nordic Studies has a vested interest in the promotion of Viking and
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R E L AT ED PAPE RS

"Snorri's Edda: The Sky Described in Mythological Terms.“ Nordic Mythologies:


Interpretations, Intersections, and Institutions. Ed. by Timothy R. Tangherlini. Berkeley,
Los Angeles: North Pinehurst Press 2014, pp. 184-198.
Gísli Sigurðsson
:
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Scandinavian Journal of History


A Tainted Legacy. Finnur Magnússon’s Mythological Studies and Iceland’s National
Identity
2015 •Simon Halink
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51781728-Norse-Mythology
Erifili Kaselidou
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Neomedievalism in the media


Gaming with Odin: myth, context, and reconstruction of Hnefa-tar, an Old Norse board
game
2012 •Leon Wild
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Death in Medieval Europe: Death Scripted and Death Choreographed


From Powerful Agents to Subordinate Objects? The Restless Dead in 13th and 14th-
Century Iceland
2017 •Kirsi Kanerva
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Reimagining Odin’s Wolves and Ravens in Peter Madsen’s "Valhalla" Series


Łukasz Neubauer
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Introduction to Runes and Triads


Kitty Grimnirs
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RMN Newsletter 8: 68-70.


Degrees of Well-Formedness: The Formula Principle in the Analysis of Oral-Poetic
Meters
2014 •Mr Frog
:
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A COMPARISON OF THE NORSE GODS, ODIN AND LOKI, WITH EMPHASIS PLACED
ON THEIR ROLES DURING RAGNARÖK {THE TWILIGHT OF THE GODS} AND
CHRISTIAN IMAGERY WITHIN THE POETIC EDDA AND THE PROSE EDDA
Naomi Mercer
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(Unpublished PhD thesis, 2007) Translating the Untranslatable: A Comparative Study


of Two Modern Language Translations of the Verses of Egils saga Skalla-Grímssonar
Edel Porter
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An examination of the ideologies underlying nineteenth century scholarly researches


into the Viking Age
Carole Cusack
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Murphy 2013. MA Thesis: 'Herjans dísir: Valkyrjur, Supernatural Femininities, and Elite
Warrior Culture in the Late Pre-Christian Iron Age'
Luke John Murphy
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Letters in the margin: Female provenance of Laxdæla saga manuscripts on Flatey


Sofie Vanherpen
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Mythic and Real Spaces in the Hávamál


2015 •Ines Garcia Lopez
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Pagan Metal as aestheticized heritage


Irina Maria Manea
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Viking and Medieval Scandinavia


In Pursuit of an Æsirist Ideology
:
2019 •Richard Cole
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Understanding diversity in Old Norse religion taking Þórr as a case study


Declan Taggart
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An Encapsulation of Óðinn: Religious Belief and Ritual Practice Among the Viking Age
Elite with Particular Focus Upon the Practice of Ritual Hanging (PhD Thesis 2016)
Douglas Dutton
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Australian and New Zealand Association for Medieval and Early Modern Studies (ANZAMEMS),
Monash University, 12-16 February 2013.
Richard Wagner’s Der Ring des Nibelungen: Medieval, Pagan, Modern
Carole Cusack
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Socio-Historical Implications of Eschatological Elements in the Scandinavian Myths,


the
Lucian Lopez
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Prose Contexts of Eddic Poetry, Primarily in the Fornaldarsögur


2013 •Helen F. Leslie-Jacobsen
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Maiden warriors in Old Norse Literature


Francesca Zappatore
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Saga-Book
Hrolfs Saga Kraka and Sami Bear Rites
2007 •Clive Tolley
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SOME LINGUISTIC REMARKS REGARDING ROMANIAN VIKING STUDIES


:
SOME LINGUISTIC REMARKS REGARDING ROMANIAN VIKING STUDIES
C. C.
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Recognizing a dvergr: Physical Status and External Appearance of dvergar in Medieval


Nordic Sources (8th-13th century
2017 •Ugnius V Mikučionis
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In metal music, myths give birth to other myths


Irina Maria Manea
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An Examination of Liquids in the Poetic Edda: with examples from the Prose Edda and
other sources
Gala Copley
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Óðinn: A Queer tyr? A Study of Óðinn's Function in Iron Age Scandinavia. MA thesis
Eirnin Jefford Franks
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WOMEN IN THE VIKING AGE. DEATH, LIFE AFTER DEATH AND BURIAL CUSTOMS
Audags Halja-Runa
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Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent …


Ásatrú in Iceland: The Rebirth of Nordic Paganism?
2000 •Michael Strmiska
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SS Lxxi/4
Imagining an Early Odin
1999 •Kathryn Starkey
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Scandia: Journal of Medieval Studies
VALFǪÐR, VǪLUR, AND VALKYRJUR: ÓÐINN AS A QUEER DEITY MEDIATING THE
WARRIOR HALLS OF VIKING AGE SCANDINAVIA
2019 •Eirnin Jefford Franks
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The Never Ending Story of Auður/Unnur djúpúðga Ketilsdóttir: cultural memory and
religious identity
Sofie Vanherpen
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Scandia 2
Contestação de uma historiograÉa dos estudos nórdicos brasileiros: Resenha de "Um
ensaio historiográÉco sobre a Escandinavística brasileira", de Lukas Grzybowski e
Renan Marques Birro. Scandia Journal of Medieval Norse Studies n. 2, 2019, p. 495-
542.
2019 •NEVE: NÚCLEO DE ESTUDOS VIKINGS E ESCANDINAVOS
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Nations and Nationalism


Noble heathens: Jón Jónsson Aðils and the problem of Iceland's pagan past
2017 •Simon Halink
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REPRESENTATION OF OLD NORSE MYTHOLOGY RACES IN J. R. R. TOLKIEN THE


LORD OF THE RINGS NOVEL (1937 -1949)
Ana W Nugrahawati
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… /Dept. of Philosophy, History, Culture and …


Old Norse Folklorist Network
2010 •Daniel Sävborg
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Performing Oaths in Eddic Poetry: Viking Age Fact or Medieval Fiction?


Anne Irene Riisøy
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The invention of tradition in medieval Icelandic literature
2012 •Ines Garcia Lopez
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Temenos
The Materiality of Myth: Divine Objects in Norse Mythology
2019 •Sara Ann Knutson
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R E L AT ED TOP I C S

Popular Culture Mythology (Old Norse Literature)

The reception of Old Norse Myth

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