‫ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬

‫ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ‬

‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﺭﻱ ‪/‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬

‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺸﻬﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻭﺯﺍﻥ ﻨﺸﺄﺕ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺯﻫﺭﺓ‬

‫ﺇﺸﺭﺍﻑ‬
‫ﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﺩﻨﺎﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻤﻠﺤﻡ‬

‫ﻗﺩﻤﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻁﺭﻭﺤﺔ ﺍﺴﺘﻜﻤﺎ ﹰﻻ ﻝﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝﺘـﺎﺭﻴﺦ‬
‫ﺒﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻨﺎﺒﻠﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪2021‬ﻡ‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﺭﻱ ‪/‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬

‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺸﻬﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻭﺯﺍﻥ ﻨﺸﺄﺕ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺯﻫﺭﺓ‬

‫ﻨﻭﻗﺸﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻁﺭﻭﺤﺔ ﺒﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ‪2021/09/20‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺠﻴﺯﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺘﻭﻗﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﻝﺠﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬

‫ب‬
  
‫אא‬
#$ً&'  J‫  א"وאم‬J ‫א ن‬،  ‫و‬،
‫؛د‬ ‫ א‬
=>‫אد‬4‫و‬. ‫ ؟م‬/.‫א‬78‫ ز‬:;W./0 1234‫د‬5‫و‬،‫*وא)( م‬+,-‫وא‬
KKK‫ ن‬B‫و‬C>DE‫א‬7‫@א‬A‫  '=؟‬8?‫ ز‬:

7NO4 HD‫و‬،M 4‫و‬،M'&I‫و‬،K./L‫א‬، I +B1‫ و‬B‫و‬4‫אم‬JI،+ G‫ א‬H

، UV‫אن‬W+U&‫א‬E‫لא‬3/‫و‬،M&Q2‫و‬M4‫و‬K@-8‫א‬L‫ א‬84 RSH "&TI‫ون‬، 8 P4
KKK 8.1 YZ4 '2‫و‬

‫ ن‬B5‫و‬،D1&‫אא‬8_.RM]  ^75N‫א‬، I +BD\‫و‬، 4‫[د‬+A4،  G‫ א‬O‫زو‬

W-‫א‬5– -c‫وא‬d$'   G, ‫א‬We4 J=QH[b،a E‫"א‬,2‫و‬K A `
KKK.2"f-‫دوא‬N‫وא‬# ‫א‬D=A،*+,-‫& ونوא‬-‫وא‬

 ‫א‬CI‫ن‬Qlg-‫א‬،a+ NP‫و‬، I +BL&k?1& ،jH?g-&h‫א‬.‫א‬LQ‫א‬

K=-2 . 18pc2‫ =–ن‬3oDO J=3/‫و‬،‫ ز‬:)‫قوא‬N-‫وא‬W&‫א‬m4‫ =؛د‬m4"‫א‬
KKK=Uq 1UV‫ون‬

t+tuv cI5 -c‫ ?א‬o4،=QH،"1s،='8،"o،‫د‬N/،‫ م‬r ? IN>

D‫؛‬Dh -‫ א‬H‫ل‬3/gBm‫א‬Nw‫א‬W- ‫א‬DH v‫ א‬1IgB‫و‬. ‫א‬x&‫ 
و‬2،Wc'B
 KKKW- yQ‫وא‬yQ‫א‬g H‫و‬W- _ + ‫א‬

KKK 1-+QB‫ و‬1` ‫א‬.1e‫אאن‬g+ G‫ א‬O‫אوא"زو‬

 K‫א‬.o

 
‫ج‬
   ‫א  وא‬
Wzz$H‫" ن‬zz 4N-"zz‫ نא‬zQ-H5‫א‬W+zzU ‫و‬Dzz2@w‫א‬.czz, ‫"م‬zzfI،C'zzc‫א‬Dzz] azzHًz A.
K -2  ‫وو‬v‫א‬U$‫א‬QHL /4 ‫א‬.o)‫ א‬Q W,{‫א‬

،.zcNgH4N-"‫وא‬،|'f‫א‬.H 4N-"‫}א‬24 -‫א‬WY II /D2@w‫א‬.c, ‫"م‬fI‫و‬

KW'24 sYW&‫א‬4 /‫و‬K.S2‫א‬#+`~‫"א‬1s4N-"‫وא‬

zz>‫و‬zz+Q€N‫ א‬z Q‫א‬zz&H Ozz'-cHYgH z &‫*א‬zz+‚‫ل‬NzzuNH.2"zzf-‫وא‬.czz,‫وא‬

SzH z7 H"z z^E"z1sNzF.zr E‫"א‬z' ‫و‬E‫ زن‬zHNzF‫م‬Nz/@2 zA‫ ذ‬-/v‫مא‬NB.^‫א‬. 
K /.‫א‬78‫ "אد‬Y_" H

‫د‬
 ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺭﺍﺭ‬

‫ﺃﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻌﺔ ﺃﺩﻨﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﻤل ﺍﻝﻌﻨﻭﺍﻥ‪:‬‬

‫ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ‬

‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﺭﻱ ‪/‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺃﻗﺭ ﺒﺄﻥ ﻤﺎ ﺍﺸﺘﻤﻠﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ ﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺠﻬﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺹ‪ ،‬ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻤﺎ ﺘﻤﺕ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺤﻴﺙ ﻤﺎ ﻭﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ ﻜﺎﻤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﺠﺯﺀ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻝﻡ ﻴﻘﺩﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﻝﻨﻴل ﺃﻱ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻝﻘـﺏ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺒﺤﺙ ﻝﺩﻯ ﺃﻱ ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‪.‬‬

‫‪Declaration‬‬

‫‪The work provided in this thesis, unless otherwise referenced, is the‬‬

‫‪researcher's own work, and has not been submitted else where for any other‬‬
‫‪degree or qualification.‬‬

‫‬
 ‫ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ‬
‫ﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻫﺩﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﻜﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ‬
‫ﻫـ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺭﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺡ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﺍﻭل‬
‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﺍﺌﻁ‬
‫ﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺍﻷﺸﻜﺎل‬
‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﺤﻕ‬
‫ل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺨﺘﺼﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻤﻭﺯ‬
‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻠﺨﺹ‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻷﻭل‪ :‬ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫‪19‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴﺔ ﻝﻐﺯﺓ‬
‫‪20‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫‪21‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺩﻭﺩ‬
‫‪32‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﻀﺎﺭﻴﺱ‬
‫‪33‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﺥ ﻭﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬
‫‪36‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪49‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻲ ﻝﻠﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪61‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﻅﺎﻫﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫‪62‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺼﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﻓﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫‪64‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻓﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ‬
‫‪65‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‬
‫‪72‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺯﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫‪79‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻤﺎﺭﺴﺘﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫‪80‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ‬

‫و‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ‬
‫‪83‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻨﺊ‬
‫‪85‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ‬
‫‪86‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫‪86‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻘﺎﻝﻴﺩ‬
‫‪87‬‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻌﺘﻘﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺅﻯ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫‪87‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻠﺒﺎﺱ‬
‫‪88‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﺩ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫‪89‬‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻔﺎﻻﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺡ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺌﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫‪91‬‬ ‫ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ‬
‫‪92‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ‬
‫‪92‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺜﺭﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫‪97‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬
‫‪99‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫‪116‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺘﻤﺔ‬
‫‪118‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ‬
‫‪141‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻼﺤﻕ‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪Abstract‬‬

‫ز‬
 ‫ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﺍﻭل‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﻗﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺯﺍﺭﻭﺍ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ‪3‬ﻫـ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﺍﻝﻘـﺭﻥ‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪(1‬‬
‫‪13‬ﻫـ‬
‫‪14‬‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪(2‬‬
‫‪15‬‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪(3‬‬
‫ﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺘﺤﺕ ﺤﻜـﻡ ﺃﺴـﺭﺓ ﺁل‬
‫‪43‬‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪(4‬‬
‫ﺭﻀﻭﺍﻥ‬
‫‪102‬‬ ‫ﺨﻁ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪(5‬‬
‫‪103‬‬ ‫ﺨﻁ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪(6‬‬
‫‪104‬‬ ‫ﺨﻁ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪(7‬‬
‫‪105‬‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ – ﺩﻤﺸﻕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪(8‬‬
‫‪106‬‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ – ﺩﻤﺸﻕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪(9‬‬
‫‪107‬‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ (10‬ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ – ﺩﻤﺸﻕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‬
‫‪108‬‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ (11‬ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ – ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‬
‫‪108‬‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ (12‬ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ – ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‬
‫‪108‬‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ (13‬ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ – ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‬
‫‪111‬‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ (14‬ﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻭﺭ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺒﺔ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ‬

‫ح‬
 ‫ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﺍﺌﻁ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻴﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﻗﻡ‬
‫‪40‬‬ ‫ﺨﺭﻴﻁﺔ )‪ (1‬ﺃﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﻏﺯﺓ‬
‫‪110‬‬ ‫ﺨﺭﻴﻁﺔ )‪ (2‬ﺨﻁﻭﻁ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﻭﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺴﻁ ﻭﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬

‫ط‬
 ‫ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺍﻷﺸﻜﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﻗﻡ‬
‫‪68‬‬ ‫ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﻜل )‪(1‬‬
‫‪71‬‬ ‫ﻤﺌﺫﻨﺔ ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺩ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺸﻜل )‪(2‬‬
‫‪76‬‬ ‫ﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻘﺒﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺭﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﻜل )‪(3‬‬
‫‪84‬‬ ‫ﻤﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻜل )‪(4‬‬

‫ي‬
 ‫ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﺤﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻠﺤﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﻗﻡ‬
‫ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻤﻠﻭﻙ ﻭﻓﺭﺍﻋﻨﺔ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﻓﺭﺍﻋﻨﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻤﺭﻭﺍ ﻤـﻥ ﻏـﺯﺓ ﺃﻭ‬
‫‪142‬‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺤﻕ )‪(1‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﺤﻭﻫﺎ‬
‫‪143‬‬ ‫ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻨﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺃﻤﺭﺍﺀ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺤﻕ )‪(2‬‬

‫ك‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺨﺘﺼﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻤﻭﺯ‬

‫ﺃﺸﻴﺭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻬﻭﺍﻤﺵ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﻨﻤﻁ ﺍﻵﺘﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻴﺸﺎﺭ ﻝﻠﻤﺼﺩﺭ ﻜﺎﻵﺘﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻝﻑ ﺃﻭ ﺸﻬﺭﺘﻪ ﻭﺍﻝﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺴﻡ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺍﻝﺠﺯﺀ )ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﻼ‪:‬‬
‫ﻜﺎﻥ ﻝﻪ ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻗﻡ ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﻤﺜ ﹰ‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.156‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﻴﺸﺎﺭ ﻝﻠﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﻜﺎﻵﺘﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻻﺴﻡ ﺍﻷﻭل‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺴﻡ ﻜﺘﺎﺒـﻪ‬
‫ﻼ‪:‬‬
‫ﺜﻡ ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺜ ﹰ‬

‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.92‬‬

‫ﻼ‪:‬‬
‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻤﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻝﻠﻤﺅﻝﻑ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺎﻥ ﻴﺘﺸﺎﺒﻬﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺴﻡ ﺍﻷﻭل ﻨﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻜﺎﻤ ﹰ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ ‪ .202‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﺒﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪.2394‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻭﺯ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﺘﻌﻨﻲ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ‪ :‬ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﻁﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺝ‪ :‬ﺠﺯﺀ‬

‫ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ‪ :‬ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﻨﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﻕ‪ :‬ﻗﺴﻡ‬

‫ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻨﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﺹ‪ :‬ﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬

‫ﺏ‪ .‬ﻥ‪ :‬ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﻨﺎﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﻁ‪ :‬ﻁﺒﻌﺔ‬

‫ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ‪ :‬ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﻭﻓﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺕ‪ :‬ﺘﻭﻓﻲ‬

‫ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻗﺒل ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩ‬ ‫ﻫـ‪ :‬ﻫﺠﺭﻱ‬

‫‪ :‬ﺘﻡ ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ ﺍﻝﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺴﺒﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻬﺎﻤﺵ‬ ‫ﻡ‪ :‬ﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬

‫ﻉ‪ :‬ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺞ‪ :‬ﻤﺠﻠﺩ‬

‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺩﺭ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬

‫ل‬
 ‫ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﺭﻱ ‪ /‬ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺸﻬﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻭﺯﺍﻥ ﻨﺸﺄﺕ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺯﻫﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺇﺸﺭﺍﻑ‬
‫ﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﺩﻨﺎﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻤﻠﺤﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻠﺨﺹ‬

‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺭﻀﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ‬

‫ﻋﺸﺭ ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ \ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ‪.‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻷﻭل ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﻠﻤﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺍﺭﺘﻜﺯﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻴﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺠﺩﻭل‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤـﺎﺕ ﻋـﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﻭﻓﺎﺓ ﻤﻨﺫ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ )ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ‪/‬ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ( ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ )ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ‪/‬ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻥ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻠﻎ ﻋـﺩﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ‪ 54‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﺎﺅﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻤﺘﻨﻭﻋﺔ ﻜﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ ﻭﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﺭﺩﺫﺍﺒﻪ ﺃﻭل ﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻭﺼﻑ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻤﻜﺘﻤل ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ )ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻙ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺨﺼﺹ ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻝﻠﺒﺤﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴﺔ ﻝﻐﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺸﻜل ﻤﻭﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻻﺴـﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺸﻜل ﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﻭﺼل ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﻭﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‪.‬ﻭﺒﻴﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﺘﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺤﺩﻭﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻁﺭﻑ ﺒﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻘﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﺸﺭﻗﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤل ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻲ ﻝﻠﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻤـﻲ‬

‫)ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺤﺎﻝﻴﺎ( ﻏﺭﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺤﺩﻭﺩﻫﺎ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻀﻤﻨﺕ ﻗﺭﻯ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺘﺎﺒﻌـﺔ ﻝﻐـﺯﺓ‪.‬ﻭﺃﺸـﺎﺭﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺘﻨﻭﻉ ﺘﻀﺎﺭﻴﺱ ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻤﻴﺯﻫﺎ ﺒﻤﻨﺎﺨﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺘﺩل ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻝﻭﻗﻭﻋﻬﺎ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺇﻗﻠـﻴﻡ ﻤﻨـﺎﺥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺭﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺨﺼﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ ﻝﻠﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﻭﺘﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺼﻴل ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺘﻭﻓﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻴﻨﺎﺒﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻴﻭﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺩﻴﺔ ﻭﺠﻤﻊ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﻁﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﺒﺎﺭ ﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﻫـﺎ ﻤﺼـﺩﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴﺎ ﻝﻠﻤﻴﺎﻩ‪ .‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﻗﺩﻤﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺃﺤﻴﺎﺌﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺘﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻲ ﻝﻠﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪.‬‬

‫م‬
‫ﻭﻋﺎﻝﺞ ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﺍﻝﻤﻅﺎﻫﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻀﻤﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺼﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻓـﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﺘﻀﻤﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺼﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻘﻼﻉ ﻭﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻓﻕ ﻓﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻓـﻲ ﻁﻠﻴﻌﺘﻬـﺎ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺍﻤـﻊ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ ﻭﺃﺸﻬﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﻠﻁﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﺍﻝﻀﻭﺀ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺯﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺯﻭﺍﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻴﻤﺎﺭﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻨﺊ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ ﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴـﺙ ﺍﺸـﺘﻤﻠﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﻭﺍﺤﻲ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻋﻥ ﺍﺒﺭﺯ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻘﺎﻝﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺯﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺭﻀﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻨﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﻨﺎﺩﻴل‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻌﺘﻘﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ، ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺃﻴﻀـﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻥ ﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻔﺕ ﺒﺎﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻬﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻴـﺎﺩ‬

‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻻﺤﺘﻔﺎﻻﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺩ‬
‫ﺸﻤﻠﺕ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﻭﻤﺤﺎﺼﻴﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻤﺜﻠﺕ ﺒﺎﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻨﺴﻴﺠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻐﺫﺍﺌﻴـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺨﺸﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻔﺨﺎﺭﻴﺔ‪.‬ﻭﺘﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﻋﻭﺍﻤل ﺍﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ‪.‬ﻭﺨﻁ ﺴﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻭﺃﺜﺭﻩ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
‫ﺍﺯﺩﻴﺎﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻡ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺘﻭﻀﻴﺢ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﻠـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ن‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬

‫ﺘﻌﺩ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻝﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻘـﺎﺩﻤﻴﻥ‬

‫ﻤﻥ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺸﻤﺎل ﺇﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻷﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻭﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻻﺴـﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻲ ﺤﻅﻴـﺕ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺘﻜﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝﺕ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻝـﻡ ﻴﺤـﻅ ﺒﺎﻻﻫﺘﻤـﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴـﺔ‬

‫ﻜﺎﻝﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﻋﺯﻑ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭﺴﻴﻥ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻕ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺼﺒﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺴﺘﻘﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﻭﺹ ﻭﺠﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻅـل ﻗﺼـﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺼـﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺘﻭﺍﻓﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﻅل ﻋﺩﻡ ﺇﻴﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺤﻘﻬﻡ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻥ ﻻﺒﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺇﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻋﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻜﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻭﻓﻕ ﺍﻝﻤـﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺜـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺘﻬﺩﻑ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺇﻝﻘﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻀﻭﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻜﺘـﺏ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝـﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻐـﺭﺍﻓﻴﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻠﺫﻴﻥ ﻤﺭﻭﺍ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺨﻼل ﺭﺤﻼﺘﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻭﻋﺭﻀﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ ﻝﻜل ﻤﺎ ﺍﺤﺘﻭﺘﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻗﺘﻀﺕ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺭﺒﻊ ﻓﺼﻭل ﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻷﻭل ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﺭﺘﻜﺯﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺒﻠﻐﺕ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻝـﺭﺤﻼﺕ ‪ 58‬ﺭﺤﻠـﺔ‬
‫ﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻷﻨﺩﻝﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻼﺩ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺼـﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺠـﺎﺯ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺘﻀﻤﻨﺕ ﺠﺩﺍﻭل ﺍﺤﺘﻭﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺭ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺴﻨﻪ ﻭﻓـﺎﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴﺔ ﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻭﻗﻌﻬـﺎ ﻭﺤـﺩﻭﺩﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ ﻭﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻀﺎﺭﻴﺴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻨﺎﺨﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻤﻴﺎﻫﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﺌﺎﺕ ﺴﻜﺎﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻗﻴـﺔ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻁﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻲ‪.‬‬

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‫ﻭﺘﺤﺩﺙ ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻅﺎﻫﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﺤﺼﻴﻨﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺩﻓﺎﻋﻴـﺔ ﻭﻫـﻲ ﺍﻷﺴـﻭﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻘﻼﻉ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻓﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻭﺍﻤﻊ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺯﺍﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻤﺎﺭﺴﺘﺎﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻨﺊ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺴﻠﻁ ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﻀﻭﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻷﺨﻴﺭﺓ ﺘﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻘﺎﻝﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ‪.‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻓﺘﻡ ﻋﺭﺽ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺜـﺭﻭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻷﻭل‬

‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬

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 ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻷﻭل‬

‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺘﺘﺎﺒﻌﺕ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻤﻨﺫ ﺍﻝﻘـﺭﻥ )ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝـﺙ‬

‫ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ ‪ /‬ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ( ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ )ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ ‪ /‬ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻥ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴـﻊ ﻋﺸـﺭ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻘﺩ ﻨﺎﻝﺕ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﺴﻁﹰﺎ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﹰﺍﻤﻥ ﺭﺤﻼﺘﻬﻡ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺭﺝ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻴـﺩ ﻤـﻨﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﻭﻨـﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺸﺎﻫﺩﺍﺘﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻨﻁﺒﺎﻋﺎﺘﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺜﻨﺎﻴﺎ ﻤﺅﻝﻔﺎﺘﻬﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﺘﺭﺍﺙ ﺤﻀﺎﺭﻱ ﻋﺭﻴﻕ ﻴﻌﻭﺩ ﺇﻝﻰ ‪ 3750‬ﻋﺎﻡ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩ )‪ ،(1‬ﻭﻤﺜﻠﺕ ﻤﺭﻜﺯﹰﺍ ﻤﻬﻤـﹰﺎ‬
‫ﻻﺤﺘﻀﺎﻨﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﺭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﻤﻨﺎﻑ )ﺕ‪524‬ﻡ( ﺍﻝﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻝﻠﻨﺒﻲ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺴـﻠﻡ)‪،(2‬‬
‫ﻭﻜﻭﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﺴﻘﻁ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺃﺤﺩ ﺃﺌﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺫﺍﻫﺏ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺇﺩﺭﻴﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ )ﺕ‪204‬ﻫـ‪820/‬ﻡ( )‪(3‬ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻭﻝﺩ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪150‬ﻫـ‪767 /‬ﻡ( ﻤﻤﺎ ﺃﻋﻁﺎﻫﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻷﺠﺎﻨﺏ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻴﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻤﻭﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﻌﺩ ﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﻭﺼل ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺎﺡ ﺍﻵﺴﻴﻭﻱ ﻭﺍﻹﻓﺭﻴﻘﻲ ﻤﻤﺎ ﺘﻁﻠﺏ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝـﺔ ﺍﻝﻤـﺭﻭﺭ ﻤﻨﻬـﺎ‬

‫ﻝﻠﻭﺼﻭل ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻜﻼ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺭﺘﻴﻥ)‪.(5‬‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.19‬‬

‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﻭﻗل‪ ،‬ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .159‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﺒﺴﻁ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺸﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.334‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻁﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺨﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .93‬ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤـﺅﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ ،19‬ﺹ‪ .20‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺠﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﺸـﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠـﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .567‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .21‬ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤـﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪ .7614‬ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴﻠـﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .191‬ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺭﻭﻗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﻤﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.407‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﻭﻗل‪ ،‬ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .159‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﺒﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪ .2394‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﻠﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.165‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﺒﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪ .2394‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﻠﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .165‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻜﺤﺎﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠـﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،3‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.116‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .148‬ﺍﻝﻘﺯﻭﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺁﺜﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .227‬ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .233‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻁﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻜﺏ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .37‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻁﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺨﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .91‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠـﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.247‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ ،51‬ﺹ‪ .88‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .209‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .17‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .21‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.98‬ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺼﺩﻴﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .86‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .122‬ﺍﻷﺸﻘﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺎﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .138‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.661‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
 ‫)‪( 1‬‬
‫)ﺕ‪280‬ﻫـ‪893 /‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺭﺴﻲ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺴﻡ ﻋﺒﻴﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﺭﺩﺫﺍﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ ﺏ " ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻙ " ﺃﻭل ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﻤﻜﺘﻤل ﻝﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻀـﻤﻨﺕ‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻋﻥ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ )ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ‪ /‬ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻻ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻠﺫﻴﻥ ﺯﺍﺭﻭﺍ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺃﻝﻔﻭﺍ ﻜﺘﺒﹰﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺭﺤﻼﺘﻬﻡ ﻤﻨـﺫ‬

‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﻋﺩﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﺠﺩﻭ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ )ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ ‪/‬ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ( ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ )ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ ‪/‬ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻥ ﻋﺸﺭ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺴﻤﺕ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻭل ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻅﻬﺭﺕ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤـﺩﻴﻨﺘﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻭﻗﻁﺭﻫﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻨﻭﺍﻥ ﺭﺤﻠﺘﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﻓﺎﺘﻬﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ :(1‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺯﺍﺭﻭﺍ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ‪3‬ﻫـ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ‪13‬ﻫـ‪.‬‬

‫ﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﻓﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﺨﺭﺍﺴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩ‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺴﻡ ﻋﺒﻴﺩ ﺍﷲ‬
‫)‪280‬ﻫـ‪893/‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﺭﺩﺫﺍﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ ‪/‬‬
‫‪.1‬ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ‬
‫)‪292‬ﻩ‪904/‬ﻡ(‬ ‫‪.2‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫) ‪(3‬‬
‫ﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺴﻡ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﺼﻁﺨﺭ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩ‬
‫)‪346‬ﻩ‪957/‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﺨﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫) ‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺼﻁﺨﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ‬
‫)ﺒﻌﺩ ‪367‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﻨﺼﻴﺒﻴﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺴﻡ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬
‫‪977‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺠﺯﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺍﺘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﻭﻗل)‪( 5‬‬ ‫‪/‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺸﺭ‬
‫ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻡ ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ‬
‫)‪372‬ﻫـ‪982/‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ‬ ‫)‪ (5‬ﻤﺅﻝﻑ ﻤﺠﻬﻭل‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺩﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻔﻬﺭﺴﺕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .165‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﺒﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.1573‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﺭﺩﺫﺍﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.79‬‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻫﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .52‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.95‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻫﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .6‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.61‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪:‬ﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ )‪ .(42-39‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪.111‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ‬
‫)‪380‬ﻫـ‪990/‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺭ‬ ‫) ‪(1‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻬﻠﺒﻲ‬
‫ﺃﺤﺴﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻘﺎﺴﻴﻡ‬ ‫)‪ (7‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫)‪380‬ﻫـ‪990/‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‬
‫) ‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻝﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻤﺱ‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﻴﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺒﺩ‬
‫)‪478‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺠﻡ ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ ‪/‬‬
‫ﺍﺸﺒﻴﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺩﻝﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﻴﺯ‬
‫‪1084‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ‬ ‫) ‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﻜﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭ ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺠﺒﺎل‬ ‫ﺯﻤﺨﺸﺭ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩ‬ ‫)‪ (9‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺴﻡ‬

‫)‪538‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻤﻜﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﺨﻭﺍﺭﺯﻡ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ‬
‫‪1144‬ﻡ(‬ ‫) ‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺩﺱ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻜﺴﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺨﺸﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻨﺯﻫﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺘﺎﻕ‬ ‫)‪ (10‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‬
‫)‪555‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺴﺒﺘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ‬ ‫‪/‬ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫‪1160‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ‬ ‫) ‪(5‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻵﻓﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ‬
‫)‪584‬ﻫـ\‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺫﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩ‬ ‫)‪ (11‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺒﻜﺭ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻜﻥ‬ ‫) ‪(6‬‬
‫‪1188‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺯﻤﻲ‬
‫ﻫﺭﺍﺓ‪ ،‬ﺨﺭﺍﺴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻊ‬
‫)‪611‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫)ﻭﻝﺩ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫)‪ (12‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫) ‪(7‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ‬
‫‪1214‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺼل(‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺒﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﻬﺭﻭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪/‬ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺤﺎﺠﻲ ﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﺸﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .1665‬ﻜﺤﺎﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.603‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻫﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ ،62‬ﺹ‪ .63‬ﻜﺭﺍﺘﺸﻜﻭﻓﺴﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻏﻨﺎﻁﻴﻭﺱ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.755‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﺸﻜﻭﺍل‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺼﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .437‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.98‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﺒﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪ .2687‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﻠﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻴـﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .168‬ﺍﺒـﻥ ﺤﺠـﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻝﺴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .8‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪.178‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪:‬ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .138‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل‪ ،‬ﻫﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ ،94‬ﺹ‪ .95‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪.24‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻲ ﺸﺎﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺘﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .35‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪.117‬‬
‫)‪ (7‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﻠﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .346‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .132‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.266‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
 ‫ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺠﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭ‬
‫)‪614‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬ ‫)‪ (13‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ‬
‫ﺒﻠﻨﺴﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺩﻝﺱ‬ ‫) ‪(1‬‬
‫‪1217‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺠﺒﻴﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻕ‬
‫‪.1‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‬
‫‪.2‬ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺘﺭﻙ‬ ‫)‪ (14‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‬
‫)‪626‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬
‫ﻭﻀﻌﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﺤﻤﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‬ ‫ﻴﺎﻗﻭﺕ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‬
‫‪1229‬ﻡ(‬ ‫) ‪(2‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻔﺘﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‬
‫ﺼﻨﻌﹰﺎ‬
‫)‪ (15‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‬
‫)‪682‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺁﺜﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺯﻭﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩ‬
‫ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫‪1283‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫) ‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺯﻭﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻕ‬ ‫)‪ (16‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‬
‫)‪684‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻴﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺤﻠﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‬
‫‪1285‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻤﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫) ‪(4‬‬
‫ﺸﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﺯﻴﺭﺓ‬
‫)‪ (17‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺒﺴﻁ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬
‫)‪685‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﻨﺴﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻁﻭل‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻨﺱ‬
‫‪1286‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ ﺏ "ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺭﺽ‬ ‫) ‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺒﻲ"‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪ .221‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺸﺫﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪ .110‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴـﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ ،319‬ﺹ‪.320‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﻠﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪ .127‬ﺍﻝﻴﺎﻓﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤـﺭﺁﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .48‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴـﺭ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.131‬‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺤﺎﺠﻲ ﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﺸﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .9‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.46‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪:‬ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .6‬ﺍﻝﻴﺎﻓﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤـﺭﺁﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .151‬ﺍﺒـﻥ ﻜﺜﻴـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،13‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .305‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺸﺫﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪ .677‬ﺤﺎﺠﻲ ﺨﻠﻴﻔﻪ‪ ،‬ﻜﺸﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.1016‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .103‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.26‬‬
‫‪7‬‬
 ‫ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‬ ‫)‪ (18‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‬
‫)‪695‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺒﻼﺩ ﺤﺎﺤﺔ‪،‬‬
‫‪ /‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫‪1295‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‬
‫)‪ (19‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ‬
‫)‪718‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﻤﺒﺎﻫﺞ ﺍﻝﻔﻜﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ‬
‫‪1318‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺭ‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻭﺍﻁ‬
‫ﻨﺨﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻫﺭ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫)‪ (20‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‬
‫)‪727‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬
‫ﻋﺠﺎﺌﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻁﺎﻝﺏ‬
‫‪1327‬ﻡ(‬ ‫) ‪(3‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻥ‬
‫)‪ (21‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‬
‫)‪732‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ ‪/‬‬
‫ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻤﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‬ ‫ﺇﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل ﺒﻥ‬
‫‪1338‬ﻡ(‬ ‫) ‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺭ‬
‫)ﻗﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻴﺭﺓ(‬ ‫)‪ (22‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫)‪733‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ‬
‫ﺒﻨﻲ ﺴﻭﻴﻑ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻭﻫﺎﺏ‬
‫‪1332‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻓﻨﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ‬ ‫) ‪(5‬‬
‫ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻴﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻤﺭﺍﺼﺩ‬
‫)‪ (23‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ ﺒﻥ‬
‫)‪739‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻁﻼﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫) ‪(6‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﻕ ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‬
‫‪1338‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻤﻜﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻘﺎﻉ‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻀﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻜﻨﺎﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺠﺫﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .286‬ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .62‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪.32‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .298‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.297‬‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪:‬ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .136‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.458‬ﺤﺎﺠﻲ ﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﺸﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،2‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.1939‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .183‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .297‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،14‬‬
‫ﺹ ‪ .158‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .371‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،9‬ﺹ‪ .292‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺸـﺫﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.172‬‬
‫ﺤﺎﺠﻲ ﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﺸﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .627‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ ،1465‬ﺹ‪.1629‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .303‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ .164‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .197‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻬل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .381‬ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،9‬ﺹ‪ .299‬ﺤﺎﺠﻲ ﺨﻠﻴﻔﻪ‪ ،‬ﻜﺸﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.1985‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،19‬ﺹ‪ .163‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .418‬ﻜﺤﺎﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠـﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ ،326‬ﺹ‪.327‬‬
‫‪8‬‬
 ‫ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ ﺍﻷﺒﺼﺎﺭ‬
‫)‪749‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫)‪ (24‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻤﻤﺎﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬ ‫) ‪(1‬‬
‫‪1348‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﻴﺤﻴﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺼﺎﺭ‬
‫)‪ (25‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﻔﺹ ﻋﻤﺭ‬
‫)‪749‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺤﻠﺏ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﻤﻅﻔﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﻥ‬
‫‪1348‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻭﺭﺩﻱ‬ ‫) ‪(2‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺭﺩﻱ‬
‫ﻤﺜﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺍﻡ‬ ‫)‪ (26‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫)‪765‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ‬
‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﺯﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ‬
‫‪1363‬ﻡ(‬ ‫) ‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﻫﻼل ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ‬
‫)‪774‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫)‪ (27‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ ﺇﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺩل‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‬ ‫) ‪(4‬‬
‫‪/‬ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ‬
‫‪1373‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺭ‬
‫ﺘﺤﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻅﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ‬
‫ﻏﺭﺍﺌﺏ‬ ‫)‪ (28‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‬
‫)‪779‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﻁﻨﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺼﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫‪1377‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ‬ ‫) ‪(5‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﺠﺎﺌﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻁﻭﻁﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺴﻔﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻝﻤﻔﺭﻕ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫)‪ (29‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺎﺀ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ‬
‫)‪780‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬
‫ﺘﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻗﻨﺘﻭﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺩﻝﺱ‬ ‫) ‪(6‬‬
‫ﺒﻥ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﻭﻱ‬
‫‪1378‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺭﻕ‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .354‬ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .157‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،14‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .229‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .331‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،10‬ﺹ‪ .234‬ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻭﻁﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.571‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻴﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺒﺩﺍﺌﻊ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﻕ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .533‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺸﺫﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.273‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪:‬ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .157‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،10‬ﺹ‪ .240‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴـﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.67‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪:‬ﺍﻝﻤﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﺤﻅ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .148‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .242‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،1‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.224‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .373‬ﺍﻝﺸﻭﻜﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .153‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴـﺭ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.320‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .480‬ﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .136‬ﺍﻝﻌﺴـﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻤـل‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .67‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪.235‬‬
‫)‪ (6‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪:‬ﺍﻝﻤﻜﻨﺎﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺠﺫﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .186‬ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .73‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.297‬‬
‫‪9‬‬
 ‫ﺘﻭﻨﺱ‬ ‫)‪ (30‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺯﻴﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ‬
‫)‪808‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫)ﺃﺼﻠﻪ ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫‪1405‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺨﻠﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫) ‪(1‬‬
‫ﺇﺸﺒﻴﻠﻴﻪ(‬ ‫ﺨﻠﺩﻭﻥ‬
‫‪.1‬ﺼﺒﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﺸﻰ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﻨﺸﺎ‬
‫‪.2‬ﻗﻼﺌﺩ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫)‪821‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫)‪ (31‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻗﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ‬ ‫) ‪(2‬‬
‫‪1418‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ‬
‫ﺒﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﻋﺭﺏ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫‪/‬ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻤﺱ‬
‫‪.3‬ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺭ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻓﻨﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ‬
‫ﺯﺒﺩﺓ ﻜﺸﻑ‬
‫)‪873‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﻭ ﺒﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ‪،‬‬ ‫)‪ (32‬ﺨﻠﻴل ﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ‬
‫) ‪(3‬‬
‫‪1468‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻙ ﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫)‪881‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ‬ ‫)‪ (33‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‬
‫ﺤﻠﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﻤﺸﻕ‬ ‫) ‪(4‬‬
‫‪1477‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﺠﺎ ﺍﻝﺤﻠﺒﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺘﺭﺍﻙ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﻝﻴل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،403‬ﺹ‪ .404‬ﺍﻝﺴﺨﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻀﻭﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .145‬ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻠﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .80‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.330‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺭﻴﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪ .485‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻨﺒﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .178‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﻝﻴل‪،‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .55‬ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻨﻬل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .351‬ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ .149‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺼﻴﺭﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .432‬ﺍﻝﺴﺨﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻀﻭﺀ‪،‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .8‬ﻭﺠﻴﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .452‬ﺤﺎﺠﻴﻪ ﺨﻠﻴﻔﻪ‪ ،‬ﻜﺸﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .1070‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺸﺫﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،9‬ﺹ‪.218‬‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺴﺨﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻀﻭﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .195‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻫﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .353‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴـﺭ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.318‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺴﺨﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻀﻭﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،10‬ﺹ‪ .43‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺸﺫﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،9‬ﺹ‪ .498‬ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻜﻭﺍﻜﺏ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،1‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .303‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪.183‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﺭﻭﺽ‬ ‫)‪ (34‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‬
‫)‪900‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻁﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﺘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺩﻝﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻌﻡ‬
‫‪1494‬ﻡ(‬ ‫) ‪(1‬‬
‫ﺨﺒﺭ ﺍﻷﻗﻁﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻭل‬
‫)‪ (35‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺎﺀ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫)‪902‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻅﺭﻑ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺩﻤﻴﺎﻁ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﻴﺤﻴﻰ ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺸﺭ‬
‫‪1497‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺴﻔﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ‬ ‫) ‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻌﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﻑ‬
‫‪/‬ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺩﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻨﺱ ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴل‬ ‫)‪ (36‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻴﻤﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ‬
‫)‪928‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭ‬
‫ﺒﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫‪1522‬ﻡ(‬ ‫) ‪(3‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺃﻭﻀﺢ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻭﺴﺔ‬
‫)‪997‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫)ﺒﻭﺭﺼﺔ(‪،‬‬ ‫)‪ (37‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫) ‪(4‬‬
‫‪1589‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﺒﺎﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻙ‬ ‫"ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺎ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺜﺔ"‬
‫ﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻷﻅﻌﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺩﻱ‬
‫)‪ (38‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻀل ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫)‪1016‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺠﺩﻴﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭ‬
‫ﺤﻤﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺒﻜﺭ ﻤﺤﺏ‬
‫‪1607‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺩﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫) ‪(5‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪/‬ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻊ‬
‫)‪1019‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭل‬ ‫)‪ (39‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭ‬
‫ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬ ‫)‪(6‬‬
‫‪1611‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻭﺁﺜﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺤﺎﺠﻲ ﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﺸﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .920‬ﻜﺭﺍﺘﺸﻜﻭﻓﺴﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻏﻨـﺎﻁﻴﻭﺱ‪ ،‬ﺘـﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.447‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪.53‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺴﺨﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻀﻭﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،10‬ﺹ‪ .226‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻴﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺒﺩﺍﺌﻊ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .168‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.149‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺤﺎﺠﻲ ﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﺸﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .177‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻫﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .544‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.331‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺤﺎﺠﻲ ﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﺸﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .469‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻫﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .259‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻴـﺭ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪.292‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻼﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .322‬ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪.59‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪:‬ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻼﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .209‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.275‬‬
‫‪11‬‬
 ‫)‪ (40‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫)‪1070‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﺘﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻭﺭﺓ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻱ‬
‫‪1659‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺼﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ ﺏ‬
‫) ‪(1‬‬
‫"ﻜﺒﺭﻴﺕ"‬

‫ﺍﺴﺘﺎﻨﺒﻭل‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩ‬
‫ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺘﻨﺎ ﻤﺭﺴﻰ‬ ‫)‪ (41‬ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ ﺒﻥ‬
‫)‪1090‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ‪.‬‬
‫)‪-1648‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﻴﺵ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺁﻏﺎ ﻅﻠﻲ‬
‫‪1679‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫) ‪(2‬‬
‫‪ 1650‬ﻡ(‬
‫"ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺎ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺜﺔ"‬

‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻴﺔ‬
‫)‪-1661‬‬
‫)‪1090‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫)‪ (42‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺴﺎﻝﻡ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‬
‫‪1663‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ‬ ‫) ‪(3‬‬
‫‪1679‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻤﻰ ﻤﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺌﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻜﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫)‪1153‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬ ‫)‪ (43‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺭ‬
‫) ‪(4‬‬
‫‪1740‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺒﻥ ﻜﻨﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪/‬ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻥ‬
‫‪.1‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭ‬
‫)‪1143‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫)‪ (44‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻨﺴﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ‬
‫‪1730‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‬ ‫) ‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪:‬ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻼﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .28‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪.240‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .94‬ﺍﻝﺤﺼﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻀﻭﺍﺀ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺭﺤﻠـﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜﻲ ﺍﻭﻝﻴﺎﺀ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺠﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﻤﺞ‪ ،7‬ﻉ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.40‬‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.129‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.85‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻫﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .325‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪.323‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .30‬ﺍﻝﺠﺒﺭﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﺠﺎﺌـﺏ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .263‬ﺍﻝﻌﺴـﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻤـل‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .100‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.32‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
 ‫‪.2‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﺯ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻭ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺯ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﻤﺭﺓ‬
‫)‪ (45‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﺒﻥ‬
‫)‪1162‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺴﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻜﺭﻱ‬
‫‪1749‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‬ ‫) ‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﺩﻴﻘﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‬
‫)‪1178‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫)‪ (46‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﺃﺴﻌﺩ‬
‫ﺒﺭﺤﻠﺘﻲ ﻝﻭﺍﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﻤﻴﺎﻁ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‬ ‫) ‪(2‬‬
‫‪1764‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫)‪ (47‬ﻨﻌﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺩﻭ ﺒﻥ‬
‫)‪1338‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬ ‫) ‪(3‬‬
‫ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‬
‫‪1920‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ‬
‫ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ‬
‫‪.1‬ﺭﺍﺤﺔ‬
‫‪/‬ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻬﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ‬
‫)‪(48‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭ‬
‫)‪1370‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ‬
‫‪1950‬ﻡ(‬ ‫‪.2‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‬ ‫) ‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﻏﺯﺓ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .108‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪.239‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺠﺒﺭﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﺠﺎﺌﺏ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .367‬ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ‪ .115 ،‬ﻤﺭﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺭﻴـﺎﺽ‪ ،‬ﺘﻬـﺫﻴﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.5‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .123‬ﻤﻭﺴﻰ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺃﺩﺒﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸﻕ ﻋﺎﺼﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.279‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.21‬‬
‫‪13‬‬
‫ﻴﻀﻡ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻭل ﻜﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭﻨﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ‪ 48‬ﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺴﺘﺔ ﺃﻗﻁﺎﺭ ﻫـﻲ ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ )‪ ،(5‬ﻭﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻡ )‪(14‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﺼﺭ )‪ ،(6‬ﻭﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ )‪ ،(7‬ﻭ ﺍﻷﻨﺩﻝﺱ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺎ )‪ ،(3‬ﻭﺍﻝﻌـﺭﺍﻕ ﻭﺒـﻼﺩ ﻓـﺎﺭﺱ)‪،(8‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺯ)‪.(1‬‬

‫ﻭﻝﻭ ﻭﺯﻋﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻭﻥ ﻻﺴﺘﺨﺭﺠﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻭل ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ (2‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻭﻥ‬

‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬ﻫـ\‪9‬ﻡ‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪4‬ﻫـ\‪10‬ﻡ‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪5‬ﻫـ\‪11‬ﻡ‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪6‬ﻫـ\‪12‬ﻡ‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪7‬ﻫـ\‪13‬ﻡ‬
‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪8‬ﻫـ\‪14‬ﻡ‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪9‬ﻫـ\‪15‬ﻡ‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪10‬ﻫـ\‪16‬ﻡ‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪11‬ﻫـ\‪17‬ﻡ‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪12‬ﻫـ\‪18‬ﻡ‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪13‬ﻫـ\‪ 19‬ﻡ‬
‫‪48‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ‬

‫ﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻭﻀﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻵﻨﻑ ﺫﻜﺭﻫﻡ ‪ 54‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ؛ ﻷﻥ ﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻤـﻨﻬﻡ‬

‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻠﻠﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ ﺜﻼﺙ ﻜﺘﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻠﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺸﻬﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻴﻥ ﻝﻜل ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻝﻨﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻭل ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻷﻜﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺎﺘﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺠﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺒـﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻡ )ﺒﻤـﺎ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ( ‪ 19‬ﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ ﻭ ﺍﻷﻨﺩﻝﺱ )‪ ،(10‬ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻕ ﻭﺒﻼﺩ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ )‪ ،(8‬ﻭﻤﺼﺭ )‪،(6‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺎ )‪ ،(3‬ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺯ )‪.(1‬‬

‫‪14‬‬
‫ﺃﻤﺎ ﺃﺤﻔل ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻭﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺩﻭﻨﻭﺍ ﺭﺤﻼﺘﻬﻡ ﻓﻬﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻥ ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ )‪ 11‬ﺭﺤﺎﻝـﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻴﻠﻴـﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻊ ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ )‪ 7‬ﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ(‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ )‪ 5‬ﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ(‪ ،‬ﺒﻌـﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻘـﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴـﻊ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺎﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺓ )‪ 4‬ﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻝﻜل ﻗﺭﻥ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﻠﺤﻅ ﻜﺜﺭﺓ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺤﺼﻴل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻝﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﺭﺤﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﺭﻏﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﺘﻌﺭﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻌﻭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﻋﻨﺼﺭ ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻲ ﻝﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﻓﺭﻴﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺞ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻜﺎﻨـﺕ‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ ﻨﻘﻁﺔ ﻋﺒﻭﺭ ﻝﻠﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻻﻨﺩﻝﺴﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻐﺎﺭﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺩﻤﻴﻥ ﻻﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻴﻀﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻤﻴﺯﺕ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻌﻁﻲ ﺍﻨﻁﺒﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﻭﻤﺸﺎﻫﺩﺍﺕ ﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﻜﺘﺒﺕ ﺒﻠﻐﺔ ﻓﺼﻴﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻗﻭﻴﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﺴﻠﻭﺏ ﺭﺍﺌﻊ ﻭﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻤﻤﻴﺯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻥ ﺘﻔﺎﻭﺘﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﺠﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﻭﺍﻝﻭﺼﻑ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺭﺤﻠﺔ "ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ " ﻝﻠﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻴﺤﻲ " ﻨﻌﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﺒـﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻗﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ" ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺩﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ؛ ﻹﺤﺘﻭﺍﺀﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺃﻏﻔل ﻋﻥ ﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺒﺄﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺩﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺽ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻝﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻷﺴﺒﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﺎﻝﻑ ﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻫﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ :(3‬ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ‬

‫"ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻜﻨﻐﻠﻴﻙ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺭﻕ)‪(1835-1834‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻜﺴﻨﺩﺭ ﻭﻝﻴﻡ ﻜﻨﻐﻠﻴﻙ)ﺕ‪1309‬ﻫـ‪1891 /‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻬﺎ ﻭﺁﺜﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺠﺭﺠﻲ ﺯﻴﺩﺍﻥ)ﺕ‪1333‬ﻫـ‪1914/‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻤﺼﺭﻱ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﻭﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻴﻡ)ﺕ‪1343‬ﻫـ‪1925/‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﺠﻭﻝﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺒﻭﻉ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﺩﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ)ﺕ‪1377‬ﻫـ‪1958/‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺘﻲ ﻭﺍﻁﻼﻋﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻼﻗـﺔ‬
‫ﺠﻴﺩﺓ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻔﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻼﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺒﻥ ﺨﺭﺩﺫﺍﺒﻪ ﻋﻤل ﻓﻲ ﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺴﻲ ﻋﺒـﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻤـﺄﻤﻭﻥ‬
‫)ﺕ‪218‬ﻫـ‪831/‬ﻡ(‪ ،( ،‬ﻭﻋﺒﺩﺍﷲ ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ ﺍﻝﻘﺯﻭﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺘﻘﺭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺴﻲ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺘﺼﻡ‬
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‫ﺒﺎﷲ )ﺕ ‪227‬ﻩ‪840/‬ﻡ( ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻬﻠﺒﻲ ﻗﺩﻡ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ ﻫﺩﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﻁﻤﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﺒـﺎﷲ ﺒـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل )ﺕ‪386‬ﻩ‪998/‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺘﺴﻠﻡ ﻤﺴﺅﻭﻝﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﺜﻡ ﺘﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻝـﻰ ﺍﻝـﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺔ ﺍﻷﻴﻭﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻴﺭﻱ ﻋﻤل ﻓﻲ ﺒﻼﻁ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﻤﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺒـﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺴـﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺘﻭﻝﻰ ﺭﺌﺎﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺵ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺘﻘﻠﺩ ﺭﺌﺎﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻭﺍﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﺴـﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ ﺒـﻥ‬
‫ﻗﻼﻭﻭﻥ )ﺕ‪ 689‬ﻩ‪1290/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﺘﺼل ﺒﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻭﻙ ﻭﺍﻷﻤﺭﺍﺀ ﻓـﻲ ﻤﻌﻅـﻡ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻝﻔﺕ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﺃﻨﻅﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﻁ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻕ ﺒﺩﻴﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻹﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻭﺘﺴﻠﻡ ﻤﻨﺎﺼﺏ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺃﺠﺎ ﺍﻝﺤﻠﺒﻲ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺠﻴﺩﺓ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﻗﺎﻨﺼﻭﻩ ﺍﻝﻐﻭﺭﻱ)ﺕ ‪927‬ﻩ ‪1516/‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﻭﺘﻭﻝﻰ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻌﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻋﻤل ﻓﻲ ﻀﺒﻁ ﺩﻴﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺵ‪ ،‬ﻭﺁﺨﺭﻫﻡ ﺍﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ ﺍﻝـﺫﻱ‬
‫ﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺼﻠﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﻴﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻤﻬﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺽ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺜل ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﻭﻗل‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺸـﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴـﺎﻗﻭﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻭﺍﻁ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻋﻤل ﻓﻲ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﺭﻕ ﻭﺒﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﻜﺘـﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻨﻌﻤـﺎﻥ ﻋﺒـﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻗﺴﺎﻁﻠﻲ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻬﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﺼﻴﺎﻏﺔ ﻭﺒﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻴﺭ‪.‬‬

‫ﻤﺎﺭﺱ ﺃﺭﺒﻊ ﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻤﻬﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺩﺭﻴﺱ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻭﻝﻰ ﺍﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺼﺭﻩ ﻤﺜل ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻨﻜﺯﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﺒﺎﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺯﺍﺩﻩ ﻋﻴﻥ ﻤﺩﺭﺴﹰﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺩﺓ ﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺒﺩﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺃﺴـﻨﺩ ﺇﻝﻴـﻪ ﻜﺭﺴـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺩﺭﻴﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻭﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ ﺒﺄﻥ ﺘﻭﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺘـﺩﺭﻴﺱ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺌﺎﺴﺔ ﺠﻤﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻜﺭ ﻭﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻬﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻌﺭ ﻭﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﻜﻼﻡ ﻭﻫﻡ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺒﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ‪،‬‬

‫ﺒﺭﻉ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺭﺤﺎ ﹰ‬
‫ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺠﺒﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻤﺭﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝـﻭﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺒـﻭ ﺍﻝﻔـﺩﺍﺀ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻁﻭﺍﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺫﺍﻉ ﺼﻴﺘﻪ ﺒﺎﻹﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻼﻏﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴـﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻨﻌﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺩﻩ ﻗﺴﺎ ﻁﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺴﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺘﻭﻝﻰ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﻭﻗﻑ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺸـﺭﻓﻴﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﺒﺎﻫﻲ ﺯﺍﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺘﻜﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﺔ )ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻔﺎﺭﺴﻴﺔ(‪.‬‬
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‫ﻋ‪‬ﻨﻲ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻴﻭﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﺒﺩﻉ ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻫـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻨﻬﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺒﺤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻫﺘﻡ ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ ﺍﻝﻘﺯﻭﻴﻨﻲ ﺒﺎﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺎ ﻭﻝﻪ ﻨﻅﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﺼﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺠـﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺸـﻐﻑ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻴﻭﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻠﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻨﻲ ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ ﺒﺎﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻝﻑ ﻋﺒﺩ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺒﻜﺭﻱ ﻭﻴﺎﻗﻭﺕ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻋﺩﻴﺩﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻋﺘﻨﻰ ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ ﻭﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔـﺩﺍﺀ ﻭﻨﻌﻤـﺎﻥ ﻋﺒـﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﻔﺴﻠﺴﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺠﺒﻴﺭ ﻭﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺏ‪.‬‬

‫ﺒﺭﺯ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺫﺍﻫﺏ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻜﺘﺭﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺴـﻴﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻘـﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺼﻭل ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻭﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺨﺸﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺌﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺠﺒﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻴﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺨﺼﺹ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺴـﺔ ﺍﻝﺤـﺩﻴﺙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺤـﺎﺯﻤﻲ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺒﺩﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ ﻤﺅﺴﺱ ﺍﻝﺯﺍﻭﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﻠﺠﺄ ﻭﻤﻘﺼﺩﹰﺍ ﻝﻠﻌﻠﻡ ﻭﻤﻠﺠًﺄ ﻝﻠﻔﻘﺭﺍﺀ‪.‬‬

‫ﺒﺭﺯ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺫﺍﻫﺏ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻜﺘﺭﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺴـﻴﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻘـﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺼﻭل ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻭﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺨﺸﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺌﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺠﺒﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻴﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺨﺼﺹ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺴـﺔ ﺍﻝﺤـﺩﻴﺙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺤـﺎﺯﻤﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ ﻤﺅﺴﺱ ﺍﻝﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﻠﺠﺄ ﻭﻤﻘﺼﺩﹰﺍ ﻝﻠﻌﻠﻡ ﻭﻤﻠﺠًﺄ ﻝﻠﻔﻘﺭﺍﺀ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺘﺒﻊ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺫﻫﺏ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ ﻭﻫﻡ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺒﺭﻉ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﻔـﺭﺍﺌﺽ)ﻋﻠـﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺭﻴﺙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺠﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻝﻘﺏ ﺒﻘﺎﻀﻲ ﻗﻀﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺫﻫﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻨـﺎﻥ‪،‬‬

‫ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺯﻤﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺘﺒﺎﻉ ﺍﻝﻤﺫﻫﺏ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻨﻲ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺫﻫﺏ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﻔـﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻬﻡ ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺨﺸﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻴﺠﺎﻫﺭ ﻤﺫﻫﺒﻪ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺯﺍل ﻭﻴﺩﻭﻨﻪ ﻓـﻲ ﻜﺘﺒـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤـﺏ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺼﻭﻓﻴﺔ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻘﺸﺒﻨﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﻜﺭﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺼﺩﻴﻘﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻭﺘﻴﺔ)ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﻤﺩﺓ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺠﺭﻩ ﺒﻬـﺩﻑ ﺍﻻﻋﺘـﺯﺍل ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻠـﻭﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺫﻜﺎﺭ(‪.‬‬

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‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﺃﻤﺩﺘﻨﻲ ﺒﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ‬
‫ﺘﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺤﺩﻭﺩﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻀﺎﺭﻴﺴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻨﺎﺨﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﺌﺎﺕ ﺴﻜﺎﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻜﻤﺎ ﺍﺤﺘﻭﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻅﺎﻫﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺫﻜﺭﺕ ﺘﺤﺼﻴﻨﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺩﻓﺎﻋﻴـﺔ ﻭﻫـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﻼﻉ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻓﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻭﺍﻤﻊ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤـﺯﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻤﺎﺭﺴـﺘﺎﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻨﺊ‪.‬‬

‫ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﻀﻤﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻷﺨﻴﺭﺓ ﺘﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻘﺎﻝﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻓﺘﻡ ﻋﺭﺽ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺜـﺭﻭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴﺔ ﻝﻐﺯﺓ‬

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 ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴﺔ ﻝﻐﺯﺓ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻝﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺘﻠﻔﻅ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﻔﺘﺢ ﺃﻭﻝﻬﺎ ﻭﺘﺸﺩﻴﺩ ﺜﺎﻨﻴﻬﺎ ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ ﻫﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺘﺄﻨﻴﺙ)‪ ،(1‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﺘﻔﺴـﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ‬
‫ﻝﺘﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﻗﻴل ﺇﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻏﺯ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺒﻔﻼﻥ ﻭ ﺇﻏﺘـﺯ ﺒـﻪ؛ ﺃﻱ ﺍﺨﺘﺼـﻪ ﻤـﻥ ﺒـﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ)‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻴﺭﻯ ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺽ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻨﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺜﺒﺎﺕ ؛ ﻝﻜﺜﺭﺓ ﻤﺎ ﺠﺭﻯ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺼﻤﺩﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺼﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﺠﺒﺎﺒﺭﺓ )‪ ،(3‬ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﺭﻯ ﺁﺨﺭﻭﻥ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺭﺘﺒﻁﺕ ﺒﺎﺴﻡ ﺯﻭﺠـﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻨﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺼﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤﻠﻴﺔ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﺭﺠﺢ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺭﺨﻴﻥ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺒﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻗﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺨﺎﺯﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﻨﻭﺯ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻴﺩﺨﺭ)‪.(5‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﺒﺩل ﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺒﺘﺒﺩل ﺍﻷﻤﻡ ﺍﻝﺘـﻲ ﺼـﺎﺭﻋﺘﻬﺎ ؛ ﻓﻘـﺩ ﺴـﻤﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻜﻨﻌـﺎﻨﻴﻭﻥ "ﻫﺯﺍﺘـﻲ")‪،(6‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺍﻋﻨﺔ "ﻏـﺎﺯﺍﺘﻭ" )‪ ،(7‬ﻭ"ﻏـﺎﺩﺍﺘﻭ")‪ ،(8‬ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺒﺭﺍﻨﻴـﻭﻥ "ﻋـﺯﺓ ")‪ ،(9‬ﻭﺍﻵﺸـﻭﺭﻴﻭﻥ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .997‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.334‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔـﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘـﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.338‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﺍﺼﺩ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .993‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .432‬ﺍﻨﻅـﺭ ﺃﻴﻀـﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸـﻴﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺠﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .35‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.567‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.202‬ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .283‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .35‬ﺠﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤـﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .361‬ﺍﻝﻌـﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋـﺎﺭﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .14‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.567‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.14‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.202‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .46‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺠﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.14‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .26‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،8‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .35‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .361‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .567‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸـﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒـﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴـﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.19‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.191‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .37‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .361‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.13‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.361‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘـﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .13‬ﺍﻝﻔـﺎﺭﻭﻗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﻤـﺯﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.407‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .191‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.13‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .361‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.13‬‬
‫‪20‬‬
‫"ﻋﺯﺍﺘﻲ")‪ ،(1‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺠﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻨﺎﻨﻲ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻋﻁﻴﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻋـﺩﺓ ﻤﻨﻬـﺎ‬
‫"ﺁﻴﻭﻨﻲ"‪ ،‬ﻭ"ﻤﻴﻭﻨﻭﻭﺍ"‪ ،‬ﻭ"ﻗﺴﻁﻨﺩﻴﺎ")‪ ،(2‬ﻭﺘﺸﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺱ ﺴﻤﻭﻫﺎ "ﻫـﺎﺯﺍﺘﻭ")‪ ،(3‬ﺃﻤـﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺃﻁﻠﻘﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ "ﺤﻤﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻴﻤﻥ"؛ ﻝﻜﺜﺭﺓ ﻗﺒﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ)‪ ،(4‬ﻭ"ﻏﺯﺓ ﻫﺎﺸـﻡ")‪(5‬؛‬
‫ﻝﻭﻓﺎﺓ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﻤﻨﺎﻑ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ)‪ ،(6‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﻝﺕ ﺘﺤﻤل ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻻﺴﻡ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﻭﻤﻨﺎ ﻫﺫﺍ)‪.(7‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺩﻭﺩ‬

‫∗‬
‫ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻭﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ ﻭﺼـﻔﻬﺎ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻹﻗﻠـﻴﻡ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﻤﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﻭﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﺃﺭﺽ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﻤﺼـﺭ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫـﺎ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻝـﺒﻼﺩ)‪ ،(8‬ﺒﻴﻨﻤـﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺼﻔﻬﺎ ﺁﺨﺭﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻡ ∗ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ ﺍﻝـﺫﻱ ﻴﻤـﺭ ﻤـﻥ ﺤﻠـﺏ ﻭﺒﺤـﺭ ﺍﻝـﺭﻭﻡ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫـﺎ ﻤـﻥ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .361‬ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .191‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.13‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.13‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .38‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .171‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠـﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.567‬ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴﻠـﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .191‬ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺭﻭﻗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﻤﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.407‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.172‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﺒﺴﻁ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺸﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .334‬ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻨﺨﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .213‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .413‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .47‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻁﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺨﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .93‬ﻜﺎﻤـل‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،19‬ﺹ‪ .20‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .67‬ﺠﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .171‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .567‬ﺃﺒـﻭ‬
‫ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .21‬ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪ .7614‬ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .191‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .6‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .377‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.13‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺭﻭﻗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﻤﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.407‬‬
‫)‪ (6‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﺒﺴﻁ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠـﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺸـﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .334‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤـﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.413‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻁﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺨﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .93‬ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤـﺅﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ ،19‬ﺹ‪ .20‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.247‬ﺠﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﺸـﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠـﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .567‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .21‬ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤـﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪ .7614‬ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴﻠـﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .191‬ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺭﻭﻗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﻤﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.407‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.12‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻨﺨﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ )‪ .(22 -18‬ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،426‬ﺹ‪.427‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻬﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.660‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻨﺨﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪2‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫‪21‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻴـل‪57‬‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻴـل ‪10 ،56‬‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻴـل ‪°56‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺨـﻁ ﻁـﻭل ‪° 50 ،54‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ‬
‫ﻭﻗﻴـل ‪ ،(9) °33‬ﻭﺃﺠﻤـﻊ ﻤﻌﻅﻤﻬـﻡ‬ ‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻴـل ‪° 32‬‬ ‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻴل ‪ ،(6) 50 ،64‬ﻭﻋﺭﺽ ‪°30 ،31‬‬
‫)‪(13‬‬
‫ﻏـﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ)‪ ،(12‬ﻭﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩﹰﺍ ﺠﻨﻭﺏ‬ ‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‬ ‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻗﻭﻋﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘل‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﺒﺴﻁ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .238‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.98‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﺒﺎﻫﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﻀﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .484‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،245‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸـﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨـﺩﺍ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .209‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ .19‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺼﻭﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺯﻴـﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴـﻭﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.58‬‬
‫)‪(2‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺠﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.19‬‬
‫ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .209‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.664‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .339‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .19‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.672‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.98‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﺒﺴﻁ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.674‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﻑ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.152‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.670‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﻑ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.152‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.670‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺠﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .19‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ .209 ،‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.664‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﺒﺴﻁ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.83‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .148‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .264‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨـﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،2‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .74‬ﻜﻨﻐﻠﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﺃ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .97‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .75‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪،245‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .27‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.122‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.659‬‬
‫)‪ (11‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﺭﺩﺫﺍﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .79‬ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.330‬ﺍﻹﺼﻁﺨﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .58‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﻭﻗل‪ ،‬ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .159‬ﺍﻝﻤﻬﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .356‬ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺯﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻤـﺎﻜﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .716‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤـﻭﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.202‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .334‬ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.233‬ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻭﺍﻁ‪ ،‬ﻤﺒﺎﻫﺞ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .366‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔـﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘـﻭﻴﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ ،326‬ﺹ‪ .338‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﺍﺼﺩ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .993‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺨﺭﻴـﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .37‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀـﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪،.46‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﺎﻁﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .193‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤـﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .26‬ﺍﻨﻅـﺭ ﺃﻴﻀـﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝـﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .50‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨـﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .209‬ﺼـﺎﻝﺤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌـﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ ‪ .7614‬ﺍﻷﺸﻘﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺎﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .138‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.660‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .330‬ﺍﻝﻤﻬﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺍﻝﺒﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.996‬ﺍﻝﺤـﺎﺯﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻤـﺎﻜﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .716‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺸﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .334‬ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .233‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻁـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،1‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .44‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﺽ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .428‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﺍﺼـﺩ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .993‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀـﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .46‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴـﺎﻁﻠﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .194‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ ،247‬ﺹ‪.248‬‬
‫)‪(13‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.4‬‬
‫‪22‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻴل ﺍﺜﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺒﻌﺩ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﺎﺩل ﺴﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺴﻘﻼﻥ∗ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﺎﺤل ﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ‬
‫ﻼ ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺒﹰﺎ ) ﻤﺎ ﻴﻘﺎﺭﺏ ‪ 1500‬ﻤﺘﺭ( )‪ .(4‬ﻭﻋﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺭﺥ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﻴـﺭ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻗﻴل ﻋﺸﺭﻴﻥ ﻤﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ "ﺍﻷﻨﺱ ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴل ﺒﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل " "ﻤﻥ ﺃﺤﺴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ‬
‫ﻼ )‪ ،(6‬ﻭﻴﻔﺼﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺒﻠﺩﺓ ﺒﻴـﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺘﺒﻌﺩ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﺎﺩل ﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺭﺒﻌﻴﻥ ﻤﻴ ﹰ‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻝﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ"‬
‫ﺠﺒﺭﻴﻥ∗ )‪.(7‬‬

‫ﻼ‬
‫ﺃﻤﺎ ﺤﺩﻭﺩﻫﺎ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺘﻌﺭﻀﺕ ﻝﻠﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭ ﻭﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻝﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﻭﺘﺒﺩل ﻋﻭﺍﻤل ﺍﻝﻨﻔﻭﺫ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺴﻬﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﻝﻠﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻓﻘﺩ ﻗﺴﻤﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﺴﻤﻴﻥ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻷﻭل "ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ"‬

‫ﺸﻤﻠﺕ "ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﻗﺭﺍﻫﺎ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺸﺎﺭ ﻤﻌﻅﻡ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻝﻭﻗﻭﻋﻬﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻁﺭﻑ ﺒﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻘـﺏ ﻭﺴـﻴﻨﺎﺀ‬
‫)‪(9‬‬ ‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤل ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻗﹰﺎ‬

‫ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.32‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻬﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﺍﺼـﺩ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .993‬ﻋﺒـﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .46‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .4‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴـﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴـﻴﺎﺤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻭﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺯﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.57‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻬﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺸـﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .334‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐـﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﺍﺼـﺩ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،2‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .993‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .46‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺍﻝﺘـﺭﻙ‪،‬‬
‫ﺼﺩﻴﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.86‬‬
‫)‪(3‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .239‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .413‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.27‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .356‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.661‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .74‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .250‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،8‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .69‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺼﺩﻴﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺍﻝﻜﻌﺎﺒﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.102‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .356‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.661‬‬
‫ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.26‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(7‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.4‬‬

‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.148‬ﺍﻝﻘﺯﻭﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺁﺜﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .227‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.425‬‬
‫ﻜﻨﻐﻠﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.97‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻜﺏ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .37‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁـﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .75‬ﺍﻝـﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،247‬ﺹ‪.248‬ﻋﻁﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .27‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.51‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻷﺸﻘﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺎﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.138‬‬
‫)‪ (9‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.266‬‬
‫‪23‬‬
‫ﻼ ﻋﻨﻪ)‪ .(2‬ﻭﺃﺠﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﺘﺼل ﺠﻨﻭﺒﹰﺎ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻤﻴ ﹰ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻤﻲ "ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺤﺎﻝﻴﹰﺎ" ﻏﺭﺒﹰﺎ‬
‫ﻼ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭ ﻝـﺫﻝﻙ‬
‫ﺒﻤﺼﺭ)‪ ،(3‬ﻭ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺭﺥ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻲ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﺒﻌﺩ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺜﻼﺜﻴﻥ ﻤـﻴ ﹰ‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﺃﻜﺴـﺒﻬﺎ ﺃﻫﻤﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﻜﻠﺕ ﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﻭﺼل ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ)‪ ،(6‬ﻭﺠﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻤﻤﺭﹰﺍ ﺤﻴﻭﻴﹰﺎ)‪ .(7‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺸﻤﺎ ﹰ‬
‫ﻻ ﻓﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻷﺩﻴﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨـﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴـﻲ ﺃﻨﻬـﺎ‬
‫ﺘﺘﺼل ﺒﻠﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻤﻌﺒﺩﺓ)‪.(8‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .330‬ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .148‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.264‬ﺍﻝﻭﻁـﻭﺍﻁ‪ ،‬ﻤﺒـﺎﻫﺞ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.366‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﺽ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .428‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.239‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨـﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.74‬‬
‫ﻜﻨﻐﻠﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .97‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻜﺭﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺨﻁﻁ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .148‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .75‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،245‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .209‬ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺼﺩﻴﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .85‬ﺩﺭﺍﺭﻜﻪ‪ ،‬ﺼﺎﻝﺢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻁﺭﻕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.53‬ﺍﻝﻜﻌﺎﺒﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺍﻷﺸﻘﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺎﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .138‬ﺍﻝﻀﻤﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺤـﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺴـﻭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.95‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،659‬ﺹ‪ .660‬ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻴﺎﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.336‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ ،280‬ﺹ‪ .281‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺼـﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.102‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺼﻁﺨﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ .‬ﺹ‪ .58‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﻭﻗل‪ ،‬ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.159‬ﺍﻝﻤﻬﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،1‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .356‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﺍﻝﻘﺯﻭﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺁﺜﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .227‬ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .233‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﺍﺼﺩ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،2‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .339‬ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ ،280‬ﺹ‪ .281‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻁﻪ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .44‬ﺒﺎﻝـﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻝﻴﻭﻨـﺎﺭﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﺴـﻴﻐﻭﻝﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﻤﻭﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .97‬ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .425‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀـﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .46‬ﺍﺒـﻥ ﻜﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻜـﺏ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،2‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .37‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .26‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،247‬ﺹ‪ .248‬ﻋﻁـﻭﺍﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .27‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ ،50‬ﺹ‪ .51‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒـﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴـﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.19‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.98‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.356‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .148‬ﺍﻝﻘﺯﻭﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺁﺜﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .227‬ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .233‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻜـﺏ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.37‬‬
‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻁﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺨﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.91‬ﺍﻝﻌﻭﺍﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺠـﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻬـﺫﺏ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.247‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ ،51‬ﺹ‪ .88‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨـﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.209‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .17‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .21‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.98‬ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺼﺩﻴﻕ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .86‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .122‬ﺍﻷﺸﻘﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺎﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .138‬ﺍﻝـﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،1‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.661‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .183‬ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .50‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻁﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺨـﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴـﺏ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.91‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.88‬‬
‫)‪(7‬ﻁﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺨﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.91‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.88‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .46‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .10‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.209‬‬
‫‪24‬‬
‫ﻭﺘﻭﺴﻊ ﻤﺠﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻔﺼﻴل ﺤﺩﻭﺩﻫﺎ ﺇﺫ ﻴﻘﻭل ﺇﻥ ﺤﺩﻭﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻤﺘﺩﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻭﺨﻁ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﺼل ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻜﺭﻴﺔ∗ ﻭﺭﻓﺢ∗ ﺠﻨﻭﺒﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﺠﻭﺭ∗ ﺸـﺭﻗﹰﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﻴﺒﻨﻰ∗ ﺸﻤﺎ ﹰ‬

‫ﻭﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ "ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ "ﻏﺭﺒﹰﺎ ")‪.(1‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ "ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ"‬

‫ﺘﻌﺩﺕ ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻷﻭل‪ ،‬ﻝﺘﻀﻡ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻤﺜل ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل ﻭﻨﺎﺒﻠﺱ ﻭﻗﺎﻗﻭﻥ∗ﺤﺼﻥ ﻗﺭﺏ‬
‫ﻗﻴﺴﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﺎﺤل ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻴﺤﻜﻤﻬﺎ ﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﻴﺘﺒﻌﻭﻥ ﻝﺤﺎﻜﻡ ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺘﺴﻤﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺒﻌﺩﻡ ﺍﻝﺜﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﻗﺭﺏ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻤﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺭﺘﺒﻁﺕ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﺒﻘﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻜﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻗﻭﻴﹰﺎ ﻤ ‪‬ﺩ ﻨﻔﻭﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺨﺎﺭﺠ ‪‬ﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺤﺩﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻝﻡ ﺘﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺴﻠﻁﺘﻪ ﺍﻝﺤـﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﺒﺘـﺔ ﻋﻨـﺩﻤﺎ ﻴﻜـﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻀﻌﻴﻔﹰﺎ)‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﻝﺤﺎﻕ ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﺔ ﺒﻐﺯﺓ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪711‬ﻫـ‪1311/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻀﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل‬
‫ﻝﻬﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪901‬ﻫـ‪1495/‬ﻡ( )‪.(3‬‬

‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻀﺭﻭﺭﻱ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﺒﺭﺯ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻴﺴﺭﺕ ﻝﺩﻴﻨﺎ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﻫﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺃﻭ ﺒﻴﺕ ﺠﺒﺭﻴل )‪ :(5‬ﺒﻠﺩﺓ ﺘﻘﻊ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻘـﺩﺱ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ )‪ ،(6‬ﻭﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﺒﻨﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻋﻬﺩ‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺒﻴﺕ ﺠﺒﺭﻴﻥ‬

‫ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.31‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.30‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.29‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.30‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .59‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝـﻭﺍﺀ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.36‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪-:‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .297‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﺍﺼﺩ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .1060‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠـﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.261‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.60‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.59‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.329‬ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .174‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨـﺩﺍ‪ .208 ،‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،68‬ﺹ‬
‫‪69‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.208‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .94‬ﻭ ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،519‬ﻭ ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .101‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪،68‬‬
‫ﺹ ‪.69‬‬
‫‪25‬‬
‫ﻤﻠﻙ ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ "ﻓﻭﻝﻙ∗ ﺍﻷﻨﺠـﻭﻯ ﻜﻭﻨـﺕ " )‪ 538-525‬ﻫــ ‪1143-1131/‬ﻡ( ﻋـﺎﻡ‬
‫)‪532‬ﻫـ‪1137/‬ﻡ( )‪ ،(1‬ﻭﺴﻴﻁﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﺭﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺒﻌﻴﻥ ﻝﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ ∗ﺍﻝﺩﺍﻭﻴﺔ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺎﺩﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺼﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻴﻭﺒﻲ )‪588-569‬ﻫـ‪1193-1174/‬ﻡ( ﻋﺎﻡ )‪583‬ﻫـ‪1187/‬ﻡ()‪،(2‬‬
‫ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻨﺹ ﺍﻝﻬﺩﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺼﻭﺭ ﺴﻴﻑ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ∗ ﻗﻼﻭﻭﻥ ")‪-678‬‬
‫‪689‬ﻫـ‪1290-1279/‬ﻡ( ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺇﻓﺭﻨﺞ ﻋﻜﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪682‬ﻩ‪1283/‬ﻡ( ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ‬
‫ﻝﻠﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ )‪ ،(3‬ﻭﺍﺘﺨﺫﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻝﻠﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ∗ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ)‪.(4‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺒﻴﺕ ﺩﺭﺍﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺒﻴﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺱ )‪ :(5‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺘﻘﻊ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﺔ)‪ ،(6‬ﻭﺍﺘﺨﺫﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴـﻙ ﻤﺤﻁـﺔ‬
‫ﻝﻠﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺩﻤﺸﻕ)‪.(7‬‬

‫ﺃﻭ ﺒﻴﺕ ﻻﻫﻴﺎ)‪:(9‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺘﺒﻌﺩ ﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﻨﺼﻑ ﻋﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﺸﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﺩﺍﻡ)‪ ،(10‬ﻭﺘﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫)‪(8‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺒﻴﺕ ﻝﻬﻴﺎ‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﻤﺵ ﺹ‪ .68‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺴﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.2484‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(1‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،68‬ﺹ ‪.69‬‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺭﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻬﻴﻜل‪ ،‬ﺠﺞ‪ ،17‬ﺹ‪ .295‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺴـﺭﺓ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﻓﺭﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻬﻴﻜل ﺃﻭ ﻓﺭﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﻭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .2387‬ﻏﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﻤﺵ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﻷﺼﻔﻬﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .65‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،68‬ﺹ ‪.69‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪-:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،13‬ﺹ‪ ،288‬ﺹ ‪ .289‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﻝﻴل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.548‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪ (3‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪ .263‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ، ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،68‬ﺹ ‪.69‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .451‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﺽ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .493‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺴـﺭﺓ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.2681‬‬

‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،68‬ﺹ ‪.69‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .241‬ﺍﻝﺯﺒﻴﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺝ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،16‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ، ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .79‬ﺸـﺭﺍﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.83‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺯﺒﻴﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺝ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،16‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .241‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ، ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .79‬ﺸـﺭﺍﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﺴﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪83‬‬
‫)‪(7‬ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .248‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .242‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ .379‬ﺍﻨﻅـﺭ ﺃﻴﻀـﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁـﺎ ﺍﷲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .79‬ﻗﺎﺠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.158‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.70‬‬
‫)‪ (9‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .522‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .193‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .70‬ﺠﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.51‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.88‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.194‬‬
‫‪26‬‬
 ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﻘﺎﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻴﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭﺕ ﺒﻜﺜﺭﺓ ﺃﺸﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻔﻭﺍﻜﻪ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻝﺼﺒﺭ)‪.(1‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﺒﺭﺒﺭﺓ )ﺒﺭﺒﺭﺍ()‪:(2‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻗﺭﺏ ﻋﺴﻘﻼﻥ)‪ ،(3‬ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﺒﺭﺍﻭﻱ)ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ()‪.(4‬‬

‫‪ .5‬ﺘل ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺘل ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺤﺼﻥ ﻴﻘﻊ ﻗﺭﺏ ﺒﻠﺩﺓ ﺒﻴﺕ ﺠﺒﺭﻴﻥ)‪ ،(5‬ﻭﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﺒﻨﺎﺌﻪ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﺃﻴـﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻓﺭﻨﺞ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺒﺘﺸﻴﻴﺩﻩ "ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﻓﻭﻝﻙ ﺍﻻﻨﺠﻭﻯ "‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﺭﺠﻌﻪ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺼـﻼﺡ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻴﻭﺒﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪583‬ﻫـ‪1187/‬ﻡ( )‪.(6‬‬

‫‪ .6‬ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭﻭﻡ ﺃﻭ "ﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺢ " )‪ :(7‬ﻗﻠﻌﺔ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﻤﺼﺭ )‪ ،(8‬ﺃﻗﺎﻤﻬﺎ ﻤﻠﻙ ﻤﻤﻠﻜـﺔ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ ﺃﻤﺎﺭﻝﻙ ﺍﻷﻭل∗ﻋﻤﻭﺭﻱ )‪ 566-554‬ﻫــ‪1174-1162/‬ﻡ( )‪ ،(9‬ﻭﺍﺴـﺘﻌﺎﺩﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻷﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺼﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻴﻭﺒﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ)‪583‬ﻫـ‪1187/‬ﻡ( )‪ ،(10‬ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺭﺠﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻨﺞ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ )‪588‬ﻩ ‪1192/‬ﻡ( ﻭﺨﺭﺒﻭﻫﺎ)‪ ،(11‬ﻭﻋﺎﺩﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺼﻠﺢ ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻴﻭﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﻴﺯ∗ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ )‪594-588‬ﻩ‪1198-1193/‬ﻡ( ﻋﺎﻡ )‪592‬ﻫــ‪1196/‬ﻡ( ﺒﺨـﺭﺍﺏ‬
‫ﺤﺼﻨﻬﺎ ﺨﻭﻓﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻹﻓﺭﻨﺞ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ)‪ ،(12‬ﻭﺍﺘﺨﺫﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻝﻠﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﻤﺼـﺭ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ )‪.(13‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .522‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.70‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .148‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .430‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .148‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .148‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .430‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .42‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ، ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.70‬‬
‫)‪(6‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ، ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.70‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .35‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.225‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.424‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﺍﺼﺩ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.508‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﻤﺵ ﺹ‪ .73‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺴـﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤﺎﺭﻝـﻙ ﺍﻷﻭل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،1‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺹ‪.413‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.71‬‬
‫)‪ (10‬ﺍﻷﺼﻔﻬﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ .37‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .424‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،71‬ﺹ‪.72‬‬
‫)‪(11‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﻭﺍﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .154‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،71‬ﺹ‪.72‬‬
‫∗ ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﺁﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ ،460‬ﺹ‪.461‬‬
‫)‪ (12‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻭﺍﺼل‪ ،‬ﻤﻔﺭﺝ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .70‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،71‬ﺹ‪.72‬‬
‫)‪ (13‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ .378‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،71‬ﺹ‪.72‬‬
‫‪27‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺠﺭﺠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺒﻴﺕ ﺠﺭﺠﺎ‪ :‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺭﻯ ﻋﺴﻘﻼﻥ ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺭﻯ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ )‪.(1‬‬

‫‪ .8‬ﺴﺩﻭﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺴﺩﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺘﻘـﻊ ﺒـﻴﻥ ﻏـﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠـﺔ )‪ ،(2‬ﻤـﺭ ﺒﻬـﺎ ﺍﻝﺴـﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠـﻭﻜﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻷﺸﺭﻑ∗ﻗﺎﻴﺘﺒـﺎﻱ )‪901-872‬ﻫــ‪1496-1467/‬ﻡ( ﺃﺜﻨـﺎﺀ ﺴـﻔﺭﻩ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻡ ﻋـﺎﻡ‬

‫)‪882‬ﻫـ‪1477/‬ﻡ()‪.(3‬‬

‫ﻼ )‪(6‬؛‬
‫‪ .9‬ﺭﻓﺢ )‪ :(4‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﻤﺼﺭ)‪ ،(5‬ﻭﺘﺒﻌﺩ ﻋﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﺎﺩل ‪ 24‬ﻤﻴ ﹰ‬
‫∗‬
‫ﺍﺘﺨﺫﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻝﻠﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﻤﺼﺭ )‪ ،(7‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﻑ‬
‫ﺒﺭﺴﺒﺎﻱ )‪841-825‬ﻩ‪1437-1422/‬ﻡ( ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺴﻔﺭﻩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪836‬ﻫــ‪1432/‬ﻡ( )‪،(8‬‬
‫ﻭﺒﻬﺎ ﻤﺴﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﻭﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ)‪.(9‬‬

‫)‪(11‬‬
‫‪ .10‬ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻘﺔ‪ :‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻗﺭﺏ ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭﻭﻡ)‪ ،(10‬ﺍﺘﺨﺫﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻝﻠﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﻤﺼﺭ‬

‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻗﻴﻡ ﻤﻜﺎﻨﻬﺎ ﺨﺎﻥ ﻴﻭﻨﺱ )‪.(12‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.70‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.6‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻌﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﻭل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .46‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻴﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺒﺩﺍﺌﻊ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .3‬ﻤﻭﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.170‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪ (3‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻌﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﻭل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .50‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،72‬ﺹ‪.73‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .49‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻁﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺨﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.94‬‬
‫)‪(5‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .54‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .109‬ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﺍﺼﺩ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .623‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀـﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁـﺎ ﺍﷲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .72‬ﺍﻝﻀﻤﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.95‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.109‬ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .357‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.661‬‬
‫)‪(7‬ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .24‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .72‬ﻗﺎﺠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.158‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪-:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻬل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .255‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺼﻴﺭﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .5‬ﻤـﻭﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝـﻴﻡ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.145‬‬
‫)‪(8‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻨﺒﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .493‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.72‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ ،54‬ﺹ‪ .55‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.209‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.158‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻨﺒﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .93‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .73‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.158‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.119‬‬
‫‪28‬‬
‫‪ .11‬ﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ‪ :‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻗﺭﺏ ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻭﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺭﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻘﺘﺎل ﺒﻴﻥ)ﺍﻷﻤﻴـﺭ∗ﺸـﻴﺦ ﺒـﻥ ﻋﺒـﺩﺍﷲ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ( )ﺕ‪824‬ﻩ‪1421/‬ﻡ( ﻭﺍﻷﻤﺭﺍﺀ ﺒﻐﺯﺓ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪809‬ﻫـ‪1406/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺃﺴﻔﺭ ﻋﻥ ﻫﺯﻴﻤـﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭﺍﺀ)‪.(1‬‬

‫‪ .12‬ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺘﻴﻥ‪ :‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﺘﺨﺫﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻝﻠﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺩﻤﺸﻕ )‪.(2‬‬

‫‪ .13‬ﺒﻴﺕ ﺤﺎﻨﻭﻥ )‪ :(3‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﺭﺘﺒﻁ ﺍﺴﻤﻬﺎ ﺒﺩﻓﻥ ﻨﺒﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺤﺎﻨﻭﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ )‪.(4‬‬

‫‪ .14‬ﺴﻁﺭ‪ :‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﻗﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭﻭﻡ ﺍﺘﺨﺫﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻝﻠﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺍﻨﺘﻘل ﻤﺭﻜﺯﻫﺎ‬

‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﻝﻑ ﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ )‪.(5‬‬

‫‪ .15‬ﺍﻝﺴﻜﺭﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﺘﺨﺫﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻝﻠﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺭ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﻑ‬

‫ﺒﺭﺴﺒﺎﻱ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺯﻴﺎﺭﺘﻪ ﻝﻠﺸﺎﻡ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪836‬ﻫـ‪1432/‬ﻡ()‪.(6‬‬

‫‪ .16‬ﻋﺠﻭﺭ )‪:(7‬ﺃﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﺠﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل ﻏﺯﺓ )‪.(8‬‬

‫‪ .17‬ﻗﻁﺭﺍ )ﻗﻁﺭﺓ(‪ :‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﺘﺨﺫﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻝﻠﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺩﻤﺸﻕ )‪.(9‬‬

‫∗ ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﻝﻴل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .347‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .126‬ﻤﻭﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺘـﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.139‬‬
‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ، ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.70‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.71‬‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .430‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﻗﺎﺠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .158‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.685‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .430‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.685‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.73‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺨﻴﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .65‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.73‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.47‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .47‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.73‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ .379‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .76‬ﻗﺎﺠـﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.158‬‬
‫‪29‬‬
‫‪ .18‬ﻴﺎﺴﻭﺭ ﺃﻭ ﻴﺎﺼﻭﺭ‪ :‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﺘﺨﺫﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺤﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﺜـﻡ‬
‫ﻨﻘل ﻤﺭﻜﺯﻫﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻴﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺠﻌﻠﻭﻫﺎ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﻤﺭﻜﺯﹰﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻭﺭ∗ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﺤﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﻤـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ)‪.(1‬‬

‫‪ .19‬ﻴﺒﻨﻰ ﺃﻭ ﻴﺒﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻗﺩﻴﻤﺔ ﺒﻨﻴﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺜﺎﺭ ﺤﺼﻥ ﻴﻘﻊ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻴﺎﻓﺎ ﻭﻋﺴﻘﻼﻥ)‪(2‬؛ ﻝﺩﺭﺀ ﺍﻝﻐـﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻔﺎﻁﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺴﻘﻼﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﻓﻭﻝﻙ ﺍﻷﻨﺠﻭﻯ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪537-536‬ﻫـ‪1442-1441/‬ﻡ(‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﻐﻠﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﻜﺎﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﺭﺓ )‪.(3‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺴﻴﻁﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺼﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻴﻭﺒﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﺼﻥ ﻴﺒﻨـﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ )‪583‬ﻫـ‪1187/‬ﻡ( )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻤﺭ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﻑ ﻗﺎﻴﺘﺒﺎﻱ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺭﺤﻠﺘﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ )‪882‬ﻫـ‪1477/‬ﻡ( )‪ ،(5‬ﻭ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﻲ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ∗ﺃﺒﻲ ﺴﺭﺡ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺸﻲ ﺍﻝﻌـﺎﻤﺭﻱ‬
‫)‪37‬ﻫـ‪657/‬ﻡ( )‪.(6‬‬

‫‪ .20‬ﻤﺠﺩل ﺤﻤﺎﻤﺔ‪ :‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻗﺭﺏ ﻋﺴﻘﻼﻥ )‪ ،(7‬ﻤﺭ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﻑ ﺒﺭﺴـﺒﺎﻱ ﻋـﺎﻡ‬
‫)‪836‬ﻩ‪1432/‬ﻡ( ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺴﻔﺭﻩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ )‪.(8‬‬

‫ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﺎﺤل ﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ "ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴـﻁ" )‪ ،(10‬ﻭﺘﺸـﺘﻬﺭ ﺒﺯﺭﺍﻋـﺔ‬ ‫)‪:(9‬‬
‫‪ .21‬ﻋﺴﻘﻼﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻔﻭﺍﻜﻪ )‪ ،(11‬ﺍﺤﺘﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻨﺞ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪548‬ﻫـ‪1153/‬ﻡ()‪ ،(12‬ﺜـﻡ ﺍﺴـﺘﺭﺠﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﻋـﺎﻡ‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺒﻜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.33‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.77‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻬﺭﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻻﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .37‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪78‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .329‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.208‬‬
‫)‪(4‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.78‬‬
‫)‪(5‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻌﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﻭل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،50‬ﺹ‪ .51‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.78‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻷﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .677‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .79‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴـﺭ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.88‬‬

‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .428‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.208‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .141‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.77‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻨﺒﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .493‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.77‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻨﺨﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .213‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .158‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،671‬ﺹ‪.672‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .174‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .122‬ﺍﻝﻘﺯﻭﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺁﺜﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .222‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﺽ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.420‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﺒﺎﻫﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﻀﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .470‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪74‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .174‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪74‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻷﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،9‬ﺹ‪ .391‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .414‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.74‬‬
‫‪30‬‬
‫ﻭﺨﺭﺒﻭﻫﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪587‬ﻫـ‪1191/‬ﻡ()‪(2‬؛ﺨﻭﻓﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻨﺞ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫)‪583‬ﻫـ‪1187/‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﺘﻌﺭﻀﺕ ﻝﻠﺨﺭﺍﺏ ﻤﺭﺓ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪669‬ﻩ‪1270/‬ﻡ( ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﺍﻝﻅـﺎﻫﺭ ﺭﻜـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﻴﺒﺭﺱ∗ﺍﻝﺒﻨﺩﻗﺩﺍﺭﻱ )‪676-658‬ﻫـ‪1277-1259/‬ﻡ( ﻝﻠﺴﺒﺏ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﻗـﺎﻡ ﺒﻨﻔﺴـﻪ‬
‫ﺒﻬﺩﻡ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻘﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻠﻌﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﻝﻬﺎ ﺫﻜﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻨﺹ ﺍﻝﻬﺩﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠـﻭﻜﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺼـﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺴﻴﻑ∗ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻗﻼﻭﻭﻥ)‪689-678‬ﻩ‪1290-1279/‬ﻡ( ﻭﺇﻓﺭﻨﺞ ﻋﻜﺎ ﻋـﺎﻡ )‪682‬ﻫــ‪1283/‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﺸﻤل ﻋﺩﺓ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ "‪...‬ﻭﻋﺴﻘﻼﻥ ﻭﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﻭﺍﻨﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺴـﻭﺍﺤﻠﻬﺎ‪،(3)(...‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﺭ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﻑ ﻗﻴﺘﺒﺎﻱ ﺃﺜﻨـﺎﺀ ﻋﻭﺩﺘـﻪ ﻤـﻥ ﺭﺤﻠﺘـﻪ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻤﻴﺔ ﻋـﺎﻡ‬
‫)‪882‬ﻫـ‪1477/‬ﻡ( )‪.(4‬‬

‫‪ .22‬ﻜﺭﺘﻴﺎ‪ :‬ﺒﻠﻴﺩﺓ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻗﺭﺏ ﺒﻠﺩﺓ ﺒﻴﺕ ﺠﺒﺭﻴﻥ )‪ ،(5‬ﻨﺯﻝﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼـﺭ∗ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ ﺒـﻥ‬

‫ﻗﻼﻭﻭﻥ )‪708-698‬ﻡ‪1308-1298/‬ﻡ( ﻋﺎﻡ )‪699‬ﻫـ‪1299/‬ﻡ( ﻓﻲ ﺃﺜﻨـﺎﺀ ﺘﻭﺠﻬـﻪ ﻝﻘﺘـﺎل‬

‫ﺍﻝﺘﺘﺎﺭ)‪.(6‬‬

‫‪ .23‬ﻋﻤﻭﺭﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺭﻯ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ)‪.(7‬‬

‫‪ .24‬ﻤﻼﻗﺱ‪ :‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﺘﺨﺫﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻝﻠﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ )‪.(8‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻷﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،10‬ﺹ‪ .154‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .414‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.74‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻷﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،10‬ﺹ‪ .207‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .414‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.74‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪-:‬ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ)‪ .(247-235‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻬل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .447‬ﻤﻭﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻴﻡ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.47‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،13‬ﺹ‪ ،288‬ﺹ‪ .289‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﻝﻴل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.548‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪ .263‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،73‬ﺹ‪74‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻌﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﻭل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .96‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.74‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،76‬ﺹ‪.77‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ ،190‬ﺹ‪ .191‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .144‬ﻤﻭﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻴﻡ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،87‬ﺹ‪ ،71‬ﺹ‪.76‬‬

‫)‪ (6‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،76‬ﺹ‪.77‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ .2‬ﺹ‪ .377‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.75‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .191‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ .379‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .119‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.77‬‬
‫‪31‬‬
‫‪ .25‬ﺍﻝﻌﻨﺼﺭ‪ :‬ﻤﻭﻀﻊ ﻗﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭﻭﻡ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻨﺯﻝﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻅﻔـﺭ‬

‫ﺭﻜﻥ ∗ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﻴﺒﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﺸﻨﻜﻴﺭ)‪709-708‬ﻩ‪1310-1309/‬ﻡ( ﻋﺎﻡ )‪709‬ﻫـ‪1309/‬ﻡ( )‪.(1‬‬

‫‪ .26‬ﺍﻁﺭﺒﻪ‪ :‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺭﻯ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ )‪.(2‬‬

‫‪ .27‬ﺒﻼﻜﺙ‪ :‬ﺘﻘﻊ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﺔ)‪.(3‬‬

‫‪ .28‬ﺩﺍﺜﻥ‪ :‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻗﺭﺏ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪.(4‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺍﻝﺘﻀﺎﺭﻴﺱ‬

‫ﻭﺒﻨﺎﺀ "ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ ﻝﻐﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺃﺭﺍﻀﻲ "ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﻗﺭﺍﻫﺎ" ﺘﻘﻊ ﻀﻤﻥ ﻨﻁﺎﻕ "ﺍﻝﺴﻬل ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤﻠﻲ‬
‫"ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺘﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻏﺭﺒﹰﺎ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻨﺤﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻝﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل ﺸﺭﻗﹰﺎ)‪ .(5‬ﻭﻴﻌﺭﻑ‬

‫ﻻ ﻭﺠﻨﻭﺒـﹰﺎ)‪،(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻬل ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤﻠﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﺎﺴﻡ "ﺴﻬل ﻏﺯﺓ "‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻤﺘﺎﺯ ﺒﺈﺤﺎﻁﺘﻪ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺸﻤﺎ ﹰ‬
‫ﻭﻜﺜﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻜﺜﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺒﻪ )‪ ،(7‬ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻜﻭﻨﺔ ﺒﻔﻌل ﺤﻤل ﺍﻝﺭﻴﺎﺡ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻝﻤﺎ ﺘﻘﺫﻓﻪ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻝﻨﻴـل‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .502‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﻝﻴل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،203‬ﺹ‪.204‬ﻁﻘﻭﺵ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.253‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.75‬‬
‫)‪(2‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪67‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.6‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .10‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴـﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .173‬ﺃﺒـﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .171‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .567‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌـﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.122‬ﺴﻴﺴـﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼـﺎﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .25‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.480‬ﺍﻷﺸﻘﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺎﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .140‬ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪ .7615‬ﺭﻭﺍﺵ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤل‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪.7618‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،60‬ﺹ‪.61‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .61‬ﺘﻭﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﺥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.12‬‬
‫)‪(7‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﺒﺴﻁ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .239‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻌﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﻭل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .96‬ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .52‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .198‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .26‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻁﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺨﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .91‬ﺭﺸـﻴﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .11‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .61‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .249‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨـﺩﺍ‪،‬‬
‫‪ .209‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .19‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .55‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،8‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .51‬ﺘﻭﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﺥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﻑ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤـﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌـﺭﺏ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .290‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.672‬‬
‫‪32‬‬
‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ)‪ ،(1‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ)ﺕ ‪700‬ﻩ‪1200 /‬ﻡ( ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺸﺘﺎ ‪‬ﺀ ﻓﻘﺎل " ﻜﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻼ" )‪،(2‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺃﻭ ﻴﺩﺍﻓﻊ ﻤﻥ ﺭﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻬﺎل ﺴﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻭﻋﺜﺎﺀ ﻭﺒﺭﻴﺔ ﺩﻭﻴﺔ ﻋﺜﺭﺍﺀ ﻜﺄﻥ ﺴﺎﻝﻜﻬﺎ ﻴﺨﻭﺽ ﻭﺤ ﹰ‬
‫ﻴﻌﺩ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺴﻬل ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻬﻭل ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺠﻨﻭﺒﻲ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﺍﺘﺴﺎﻋﹰﺎ)‪.(3‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﺥ ﻭﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬

‫ﺃ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﺥ‬

‫ﻴﺴﻭﺩ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﺥ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺘﺩل ﺼﻴﻔﹰﺎ ﻭﺸﺘﺎﺀ )‪(4‬؛ ﻭﻴﻌﻭﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻭﻗﻭﻋﻬﺎ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺇﻗﻠﻴﻡ ﻤﻨﺎﺥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺘﺩل)‪ ،(5‬ﻓﺎﻝﺸﺘﺎﺀ ﻤﻌﺘﺩل ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﻤﺎﻁﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺼﻴﻑ ﺠﺎﻑ ﻭﻤﻌﺘﺩل ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ )‪،(6‬‬
‫ﻭﺘﺘﺭﺍﻭﺡ ﻤﻌﺩﻻﺘﻬﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ‪ °19‬ﻓﻲ ﺸﻬﺭ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻭ ‪ °26‬ﻓﻲ ﺸﻬﺭ ﺁﺏ)‪ ،(7‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺸـﺎﺭ ﺒﻌـﺽ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝــﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻐــﺭﺍﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﺇﻝــﻰ ﻤﻨﺎﺨﻬــﺎ ﻓــﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤــﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﻤــﺭﻱ)ﺕ‪749‬ﻩ‪1349/‬ﻡ( ﻭ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ)ﺕ‪821‬ﻩ‪1418/‬ﻡ( ﺃﻨﻬﺎ "ﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﺍﻝﻬﻭﺍﺀ" )‪ ،(8‬ﻭﻗﺎل ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ " ﺫﺍﺕ ﺠـﻭ ﺒـﺩﻴﻊ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻭﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻴل " )‪ .(9‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﻴﺎﺡ ﻓﺘﻬﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺭﻴﺎﺡ ﺍﻝﺨﻤﺎﺴﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﻓﺼل ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻴﻊ)‪.(10‬‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .200‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻜﺭﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺨﻁﻁ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.149‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .233‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﻑ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺼـﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴـﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤـﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .290‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.677‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.61‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .60‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.55‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .61‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.4‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.4‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.61‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ ،283‬ﺹ‪ .284‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀـﹰﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .68‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝـﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.7‬ﺸـﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،5‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .379‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﻑ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،2‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .290‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،674‬ﺹ‪.687‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .79‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.82 ،‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.4‬‬
‫‪33‬‬
‫ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﻸﻤﻁﺎﺭ ﻓﺄﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺭﺥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﻴﺤﻴﻰ ﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻜﺭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻌﺎﻥ )ﺕ‪885‬ﻩ‪1480/‬ﻡ( ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﻭﻓﺭﺓ ﺃﻤﻁﺎﺭ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪ ،(1‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺭﻏﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻭﻓﺭﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻌﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻗل ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﻜﻤﻴـﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺴﻘﻭﻁ ﺍﻷﻤﻁﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺠﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﻗﺭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺭﺍﻭﻴﺔ ؛ ﻷﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻗﺼـﻰ ﺍﻝـﺭﻜﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻲ ﻝﺴﺎﺤل ﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ "ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ" )‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻝﻌﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻲ ﻝﻐﺯﺓ ﺩﻭﺭﹰﺍ ﻤﻬﻤـﹰﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺘﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺼﻴل ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ )‪.(4‬‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺨﺼﻭﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺒﺔ‬

‫ﺏ‪ .‬ﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬

‫)‪(6‬‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﺒـﺎﺭ ﻜﻤﺼـﺩﺭ ﺃﺴﺎﺴـﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻤﻊ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﻁﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺩ ﺃﻫﺎﻝﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺩﻡ ﺘﻭﻓﺭ ﺃﻴﺔ ﺃﻨﻬﺎﺭ ﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ)‪ .(9‬ﻭﻝﺠـﺄ‬ ‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﻴﺎﻩ)‪(7‬؛ ﻝﻘﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻁﺎﺭ ﻭﺘﺫﺒﺫﺒﻬﺎ ﺸﺘﺎ ‪‬ﺀ ﻭﺍﻨﺤﺒﺎﺴﻬﺎ ﺼﻴﻔﹰﺎ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻌﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﻭل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .96‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﻑ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴـﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤـﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ 331‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.55‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.4‬‬
‫)‪(3‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .239‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .200‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻁﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺨﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.91‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .9‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.106‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .55‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .21‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .3‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.672‬‬
‫)‪(4‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .239‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .200‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺜﺎﺒﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺠﻭﻝﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .7‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .55‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.672‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .79‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .60‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .55‬ﺨﻠـﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﺘﻴﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﻑ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.290‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ ،284‬ﺹ‪ .285‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜـﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.68‬ﺼـﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌـﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .7‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .379‬ﺘﻭﻤـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺎﺩﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﺥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .31‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﻑ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .290‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.674‬‬
‫)‪ (7‬ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .284‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .425‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .19‬ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘـﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒـﻼﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .40‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .68‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤـﺎﺘﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.172‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.7‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،5‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .379‬ﺘﻭﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﺥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .31‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.674‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.40‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .425‬ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .79‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝـﻭﺍﺀ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .7‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .381‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.677‬‬
‫‪34‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻫﺎﻝﻲ ﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨﹰﺎ ﻝﺠﻠﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻤﻥ ﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻅﻬﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﻜﺎﻹﺒل )‪ ،(1‬ﻜﻤـﺎ ﺘﻜﺜـﺭ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻴﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﻤﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺼل ﺍﻝﺸﺘﺎﺀ ﻭﻴﻘل ﻓﻲ ﻓﺼل ﺍﻝﺼﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤـﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺜﻠـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻴﻨﺎﺒﻴﻊ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ "ﻋﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺠﺎﻥ" ﻭ"ﺇﺒﻠﺔ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻌﺘﻘﺩ ﺃﻫﺎﻝﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺸﺭﺒﺕ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﻭﺤﻭﺵ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻤﺎﺌﻬﺎ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺸﻌﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻭﺒﺭﻫﺎ ﻴﺯﻭل ﻓﻭﺭﹰﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺸﺭﺏ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺎﺌﻬﺎ ﺸـﻔﻲ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺜﻴـﺭ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭﺍﺽ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺠﺎﻉ )‪.(3‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﺨﺘﺭﻕ ﺴﻬل ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﺩﻴﺔ ﻤﺭﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﺒﺘﺩﺍ ‪‬ﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎل ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻨﺤﻭ ﺍﻵﺘﻲ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺼﻘﺭﻴﺭ‪ :‬ﻴﻨﺒﻊ ﻤﺎﺅﻩ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺒﺎل ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل ﻭﻴﺠﺭﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻬل‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺼﺏ ﻓـﻲ ﺒﺤـﺭ ﺍﻝـﺭﻭﻡ‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫"ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ" ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎل ﻤﻥ ﺃﺴﺩﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺠﻑ ﻤﻴﺎﻫﻪ ﺼﻴﻔﹰﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻰ‪ :‬ﺘﺘﺠﻤﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﻁﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺤﺩﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺒﺎل ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل ﻭﺴﻬﻭل ﻏـﺯﺓ ﻭﻴﺼـﺏ‬

‫ﻻ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ ﺠﻨﻭﺒﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺠﻑ ﻤﻴﺎﻫﻪ ﺼﻴﻔﹰﺎ)‪.(5‬‬

‫ﻗﺭﺏ "ﺩﻴﺭ ﺴﻨﻴﺩ " ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺩل ﺸﻤﺎ ﹰ‬

‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺘﺘﺠﻤﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻤﻴـﺎﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﻁـﺎﺭ‬ ‫‪ .3‬ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﻏﺯﺓ‪ :‬ﻴﻌﺩ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﺃﻭﺩﻴﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺇﺫ ﺍﺴﺘﺜﻨﻲ ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺤﺩﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺒﺎل ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل ﻭﺍﻝﺴﺎﻗﻁﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﺒﺌﺭﺍﻝﺴﺒﻊ )‪ ،(7‬ﻭﻴﻠﺘﻘﻲ ﺒﻪ ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﺸـﺭﻴﻌﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺒل ﺃﻥ ﻴﺼﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ "ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ")‪ ،(8‬ﻭﻴﺼﺏ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺸـﻤﺎ ﹰ‬
‫ﻻ ﻭﺩﻴـﺭ ﺍﻝـﺒﻠﺢ‬
‫ﺠﻨﻭﺒﹰﺎ )‪ ،(9‬ﻭﻻ ﺘﺠﺭﻱ ﻤﻴﺎﻫﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﺜﺭ ﺃﻤﻁﺎﺭ ﻓﻴﻀﺎﻨﻴﺔ )‪.(10‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .79‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.381‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،53‬ﺹ‪ .54‬ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺤﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .80‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺜﺎﺒﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺠﻭﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .7‬ﺭﺍﻓـﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒـﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.84‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺤﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.80‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .214‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.62‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.62‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.569‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،62‬ﺹ‪.63‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،62‬ﺹ‪ .63‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.569‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،62‬ﺹ‪.63‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،62‬ﺹ‪ .63‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.569‬‬
‫‪35‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻴﻌﺔ‪ :‬ﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺒﺎل ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل ﺠﻨﻭﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻴﺔ ﺜﻡ ﻴﺴﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﻏﺭﺒﻲ ﻤﺎﺭﺍ ﺠﻨـﻭﺒﻲ‬

‫ﺘل ﺃﺒﻲ ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻠﺘﻘﻲ ﺒﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﺭﺏ ﺘل ﺠﻤﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺴﻴﺭﺍﻥ ﻤﻌﹰﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﻨﺘﻬﻴﺎ ﻓـﻲ‬

‫ﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ "ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ")‪.(1‬‬

‫‪ .5‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻜﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺃ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺩﺭﺕ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﺒﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ ‪ 550‬ﺩﻭﻨﻤﺎ )‪ ،(2‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻔـﺘﺢ ﻓﻠـﻡ ﻴﺘﻌـﺭﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﻝﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺃﻭﺭﺩﻭﻫﺎ ﻤـﻥ ﺨـﻼل‬
‫ﻭﺼﻔﻬﻡ ﻝﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺩ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻲ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﻭﻗل )ﺕ‪ 367‬ﺒﻌﺩ ﻫـ‪977/‬ﻡ( ﺃﻨﻬﺎ "ﺒﻠـﺩﺓ ﻤﺘﻭﺴـﻁﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻌﻅﻡ "‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺒﺩﻭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺼﻑ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﻭﻗل ﻗﺎﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺩﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻋﻠـﻰ ﻫـﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺱ ﻭﺼﻔﻬﺎ ﺒﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻭﺼﻑ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ )ﺕ‪380‬ﻩ‪990/‬ﻡ( ﻓﻘﺩ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ)‪.(3‬‬

‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻝﻡ ﻴﺭﺩ ﺫﻜﺭ ﻝﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻴﻭﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺍﺘﺴﻌﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‬

‫ﻭﻴﺅﻜﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﺘﺴﻌﺔ ﻋﺎﻤﺭﺓ)‪ ،(5‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻁﻪ)‪779‬ﻩ‪1377/‬ﻡ( ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫"ﻤﺘﺴﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﻗﻁﺎﺭ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﺍﻥ")‪ ،(6‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺭﺃﻯ ﻓﻠﻴﻜﺱ∗ﻓﺎﺒﺭﻱ )ﺕ ‪1502‬ﻡ( ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋـﺎﻡ‬
‫)‪888‬ﻫـ\‪1483‬ﻡ( ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﺌﻴﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻠﻐﺕ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻬﺎ ﻀﻌﻑ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ)‪.(7‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،62‬ﺹ‪.63‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.93‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻡ‪ .‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.98‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.98‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.233‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻁﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .44‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﻑ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.237‬‬
‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻝﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(7‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.98‬‬

‫‪36‬‬
 ‫ﻼ ﻓﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﺸﻤل ﺘﻭﺴﻌﻬﺎ ﺃﺤﻴﺎﺌﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻤﺘﻤﺜ ﹰ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﺠﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺴﻤﻲ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺸﺠﺎﻉ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻜـﺭﺩﻱ)ﺕ ‪637‬ﻫــ‪1239/‬ﻡ( )‪ ،(2‬ﺍﻝـﺫﻱ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ)‪637‬ﻫـ‪1239/‬ﻡ()‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻤﻥ ﻴﻨﺴﺏ ﻫـﺫﺍ‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﺴﺘﺸﻬﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻤﻌﺎﺭﻙ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻀﺩ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﻴﻥ‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﻤﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﺭﻯ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺭ ؛ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻫﻡ ﺃﻥ ﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﻲ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻠﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﺴﺠﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻗﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴـﻕ ﺍﻝﻤـﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻝـﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻠﺕ ﻝﻐﺯﺓ ﻭﺃﻗﺎﻤﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺤﻲ )‪ .(6‬ﻭﻴﻘﻊ ﺸﺭﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل )‪ ،(8‬ﻭﻴﺘﺄﻝﻑ ﻤﻥ ﺤﺎﺭﺘﻴﻥ‪:‬‬

‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﺤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜﻤﺎﻥ )‪ :(9‬ﺴﻤﻴﺕ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺴﻜﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ‬
‫)ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﺭﻱ ‪/‬ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ()‪ ،(10‬ﻭﺘﻘﻊ ﻝﻠﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﻡ‬
‫"ﺍﻝﺘﻠﺔ")‪.(11‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .196‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ"‪،‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .75‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .10‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .569‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴـﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .23‬ﻗﺎﺠـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،160‬ﺹ‪ .161‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،98‬ﺹ‪.104‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.72‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .569‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.72‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .23‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ ،160‬ﺹ‪.161‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺭﻴﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻁ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .51‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.35‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .569‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .23‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،160‬ﺹ‪ .161‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.72‬‬
‫)‪(4‬ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺭﻴﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻁ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .51‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .569‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.72‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .23‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،160‬ﺹ‪.161‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .75‬ﻗﺎﺠـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.161‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.161‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ"‪،‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .75‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،98‬ﺹ‪ .106‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.72‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .75‬ﺼـﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .106‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.72‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .75‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒـﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴـﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .23‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .104‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪،73‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .569‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .23‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪،73‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.23‬‬
‫‪37‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺤﻲ ﺍﻷﻜﺭﺍﺩ )‪ :(1‬ﻴﻘﻊ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎل ﻤﻥ ﺤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺘﻠﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﺴﻤﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻲ ﻝﺸﺠﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻜﺭﺍﺩ )‪ ،(2‬ﺜﻡ ﺘﻐﻴـﺭ ﻤـﺭﺓ ﺃﺨـﺭﻯ ﻝﺤـﻲ‬

‫"ﺍﻝﺸﺠﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ")‪.(3‬‬

‫)‪(4‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺎﺡ‬

‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺇﻝـﻰ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﻲ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻝﻜﺜﺭﺓ ﺃﺸﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺎﺡ ﻓﻴﻪ )‪ ،(5‬ﻭﻴﻘﻊ ﻏﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﻴﺎﻓـﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎل ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ "ﺍﻝﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﻤﺔ")‪ (7‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﺭﺽ ﻤﻨﺒﺴﻁﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺘﺄﻝﻑ ﻫـﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺤـﻲ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺤﺎﺭﺘﻴﻥ)‪:(8‬‬

‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﺤﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺎﺡ)‪ :(9‬ﺴﻤﻲ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻝﻠﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﻭﻗﻭﻓﺔ ﻭﻴﺯﺭﻉ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺎﺡ)‪.(10‬‬

‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻏﺔ)‪ :(11‬ﺴﻤﻴﺕ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻝﺸﻬﺭﺓ ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺌﻬﺎ ﺒﺤﺭﻓﺔ ﺩﺒﺎﻏﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺒﻘﻴﺕ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﻭﻗﺕ ﻗﺭﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻘﻊ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺴﻔﺢ ﺍﻝﺘﻠﺔ)‪.(12‬‬

‫)‪(1‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .23‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.104‬‬

‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.23‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .376‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .103‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .72‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .23‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .122‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .160‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.481‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .10‬ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒـﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،2‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .75‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .569‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .21‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،98‬ﺹ‪.104‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.269‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .75‬ﺼـﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .106‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.72‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.21‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.21‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .75‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.21‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.21‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.21‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.104‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪21‬‬
‫‪38‬‬
 ‫‪ -3‬ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺘﻭﻥ)‪:(1‬‬

‫ﻭﺴﻤﻲ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻝﺸﻬﺭﺘﻪ ﺒﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺘﻭﻥ )‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻴﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﻏﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ‬
‫)‪(4‬‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﺘﺄﻝﻑ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺤﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺤﺎﺭﺘﻴﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩﹰﺍ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻲ ﻤﻥ "ﺍﻝﺘﻠﺔ"‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﺵ∗ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﺤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺨﻀﺭ)‪ :(5‬ﺘﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨﹰﺎ ﺤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺴـﻡ ﺍﻝﺸـﻤﺎﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺒـﻲ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫"ﺍﻝﺘﻠﺔ")‪.(6‬‬

‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ)‪ :(7‬ﻭﻴﻘﻊ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺤﻲ ﺤﻭل ﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺜﻭﺫﻜﺱ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺄﺴﺴﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻤﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ)‪.(8‬‬

‫)‪(9‬‬
‫‪ -4‬ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﺠﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺴﻤﻲ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﺠﺯﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺴﻭﺭ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻜﺜﺭﺕ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﺒﺭﺍﺝ )‪ ،(10‬ﻭﺸﺎﻋﺕ ﺘﺴﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺒﺤـﻲ‬
‫؛ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺴﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺝ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻤﻨﺘﺼﻑ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻥ ﻋﺸﺭ)‪ ،(12‬ﻭﻗﻴل ﻷﻨﻪ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺝ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .10‬ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒـﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،2‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.75‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .569‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .23‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،98‬ﺹ‪ .104‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴـﺠل‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.73‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .23‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.269‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .113‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﺽ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .410‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺹ‪.221‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.75‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.23‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .75‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .23‬ﺼـﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .104‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪،73‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.23‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .196‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.23‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.72‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.23‬‬
‫)‪ (9‬ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .75‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒـﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴـﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .418‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ ،103‬ﺹ‪ .104‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .21‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.481‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.72‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .75‬ﺼـﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .106‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.21‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.21‬‬
‫‪39‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻝﻪ ﻓﻴﺸﻌﺭ ﺍﻝﺫﺍﻫﺏ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻜﺄﻨﻪ ﻴﺼﻌﺩ ﺴﻠﻤﹰﺎ )‪ .(1‬ﻭﻴﻘﻊ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺤﻲ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﺴـﻔﺢ‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫؛ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺴﻜﺎﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺒﻲ ﻝﻠﺘﻠﺔ )‪ .(2‬ﻭﻋﺭﻑ ﻗﺴﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺤﻲ ﺒﺤﺎﺭﺓ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ‬
‫ﻴﻌﻭﺩ ﻨﺴﺒﻬﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻝﺅﻱ∗ﺒﻥ ﻏﺎﻝﺏ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺸﻲ )ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ( )‪.(4‬‬

‫ﻭﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻴﻁﺔ )‪ (1‬ﺃﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.22‬‬

‫ﺨﺭﻴﻁﺔ )‪ (1‬ﺃﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﻏﺯﺓ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.269‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.21‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .73‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.569‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﺯﺒﻴﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺹ )‪ .(420-412‬ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻭﻁﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﺏ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .106‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.254‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.569‬‬
‫‪40‬‬
‫ﻭﺒﻨﺎﺀ" ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎ ﺴﺒﻕ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻭل ﺇﻥ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻬﺎ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﻋﻥ ‪ 550‬ﺩﻭﻨﻤﺎ" ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻋﺘﺒـﺎﺭ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﺠـﺯﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻭﺭ ‪ 550‬ﺩﻭﻨﻤﺎ" )‪.(1‬‬

‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻭﻨﺴﺘﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻝـﻙ ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﻁﺭﺃ ﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭ ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺨﻼل ﻤﺎ ﻭﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ )ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﺭﻱ‪/‬ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺩﺱ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ()‪(3‬ﻭﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩﹰﺍ‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺫﻜﺭﺕ ﺃﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻤـﺫﻜﻭﺭﺓ ﻨﻔﺴـﻬﺎ ﻓـﻲ ﻨﻬﺎﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺼـﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ)‪932‬ﻩ‪1525 /‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ)‪.(5‬‬

‫)‪.(6‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺸﺘﻤﻠﺕ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪1059‬ﻫـ‪1649/‬ﻡ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴـﺘﺔ ﺃﺤﻴـﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﺘﻘﻠﺼﺕ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺍﺨﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻥ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ ﻭﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘـﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴـﻊ ﻋﺸـﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ)‪ ،(7‬ﻓﻴﺼﻔﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺭﺥ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﺸﺭﻕ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻨﺴﻲ ﻗﺴﻁﻨﻁﻴﻥ ∗ﻓﻭﻝﻨﻲ )ﺕ‪1235‬ﻫــ ‪1820/‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺭﺤﻠﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ)‪1199-1197‬ﻩ‪1785-1783 /‬ﻡ( )‪(8‬ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻤﺅﻝﻔﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺜﻼﺜـﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﺃﺤﺩﻫﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﺒﺔ)‪.(9‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﺘﺴﻌﺕ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﻑ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻝﻐﺯﺓ ﺴﺘﺔ ﺃﺤﻴﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺎﺡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻏﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺭﺠﻠﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜﻤـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺸـﺠﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻜـﺭﺍﺩ )‪،(10‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪102‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .418‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.103‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .103‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،72‬ﺹ‪.73‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.20‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .418‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .103‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .122‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.481‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ)‪ .(84-82‬ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .81‬ﺼـﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.103‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.379‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.104‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻭﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻝﻑ‪ ،‬ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .2‬ﺍﻝﺒﺴـﺘﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻜﻠﻤـﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻌـﺭﺏ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺜﻼﺜﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.6‬‬

‫)‪ (8‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .104‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .386‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .88‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .104‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.386‬ﺭ ﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫـﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫)‪(10‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.104‬‬
‫‪41‬‬
‫ﻭﺘﻀﻤﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﻭﺜﺎﺌﻕ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﻝﺩﻯ ﺴﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻐﻁﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﻤﺎ ﺒـﻴﻥ )‪-1273‬‬
‫‪ 1277‬ﻩ‪1861-1857/‬ﻡ( ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺴﺒﻌﺔ ﺃﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﻝﻠﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺘﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺸـﺠﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻀـﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻔﺎﺡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺩﺭﺝ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﺠﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ )‪ ،(1‬ﺜﻡ ﺴﺠﻠﺕ ﺒﻌﺜﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻴﺢ ﺍﻷﺜﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻗﺩﻤﺕ ﻋـﺎﻡ‬
‫‪1875‬ﻡ ﺒﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻜﻭﻨﺩﺭﻭ∗ ﻜﺘﺸﻨﺭ)ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ( ﺃﻥ ﻝﻬﺎ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺃﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﺘﺤﺘل ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﺘﻘﺩﺭ ﺒﻨﺤﻭ ‪ 4\3‬ﺍﻝﻤﻴـل‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﺠﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺩﺭﺝ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﺠﻠﻴﺔ )‪.(2‬‬

‫ﺏ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﺴﻜﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻝﻡ ﻴﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﻝﻌﺩﺩ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﻝﺠﺄﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻝﻺﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺸﻬﺩ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﻨﻘﺼﺎﻨﹰﺎ ﺘﺒﻌﹰﺎ ﻝﻸﺤﻭﺍل‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺘﺅﺜﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﻤﻨﻁﻘﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺩ ﺃﺴﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻁﺎﻋﻭﻥ ﺒﺘﺭﺍﺠﻊ ﺴﻜﺎﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺨﻁﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻁﺎﻋﻭﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪749‬ﻩ‪1348/‬ﻡ( ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺒﻠﻎ ﻤﻌﺩل ﻀﺤﺎﻴﺎﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ ﻏـﺯﺓ‬
‫)‪.(3‬‬
‫ﻭﺤﺩﻫﺎ ‪ 22‬ﺃﻝﻑ ﻨﺴﻤﺔ‬

‫ﻭﺘﻘﻠﺹ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﻭﺤﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤـﺎﻨﻲ ﻋـﺎﻡ )‪932‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬
‫‪1525‬ﻡ( ﻨﻅﺭﺍ ﻝﺘﺩﻫﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﺤﻭﺍل ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺠﻤﺔ ﻋﻥ ﻜﺜﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﺯﻋﺎﺕ ﺴـﻭﺍﺀ ﺒـﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻜـﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺤﻠﻴﻴﻥ ﺒﺘﺤﺭﻴﺽ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺘﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻝﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺘﺎل ﻭﺴﻁﻭ‬
‫ﻭﺘﺠﻨﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺩﻓﻌﻬﻡ ﻝﻠﺤﺭﻭﺏ ﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻀﺎﻑ ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﺴﻭﺀ ﺍﻷﺤﻭﺍل ﺍﻝﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺠﻤﺔ ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺘﻔﺸﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﺒﺌﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻤﺭﺍﺽ ﻝﻌﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻴﻥ )‪.(4‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺭﺥ ﺴﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ ﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﻝﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺘﺤـﺕ ﺤﻜـﻡ‬

‫ﺃﺴﺭﺓ ﺁل ﺭﻀﻭﺍﻥ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻜﺎﻝﺘﺎﻝﻲ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .418‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.106‬‬
‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻝﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.418‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.158‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.25‬‬
‫‪42‬‬
 ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ (4‬ﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺘﺤﺕ ﺤﻜﻡ ﺃﺴﺭﺓ ﺁل ﺭﻀﻭﺍﻥ‬

‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻝﺴﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ‬

‫‪ 5886‬ﻨﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪1525‬ﻡ‬
‫‪ 8789‬ﻨﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪1539‬ﻡ‬
‫‪964 ،13‬ﻨﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪1549‬ﻡ‬
‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻨﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪142 ،13‬‬ ‫‪1557‬ﻡ‬
‫‪(2)390 ،11‬ﻨﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪1596‬ﻡ‬
‫‪ 8-6‬ﺁﻻﻑ ﻨﺴﻤﺔ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ)‪.(3‬‬ ‫‪1649‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺘﺭﺍﺠﻊ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺍﺨﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻥ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ ﻓﻴﺼﻔﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻓﻭﻝﻨﻲ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺭﺤﻠﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ )‪1785-1783‬ﻡ( ﺒﻘﻭﻝﻪ "ﻭﻝﻴﺴﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺴـﻭﻯ ﻗﺭﻴـﺔ ﺴـﻜﺎﻨﻬﺎ ﻻ‬
‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻝﻔﻲ ﻨﺴﻤﺔ" )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻗﺩﺭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺴﻜﺎﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪1840‬ﻡ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﻘﺎﺭﺏ ‪2000‬ﻨﺴﻤﺔ )‪.(5‬‬

‫ﻭﺸﻬﺩ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﺯﺩﻴﺎﺩﹰﺍ ﻤﻠﺤﻭﻅﹰﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻓﻘﺩ ﻗﺩﺭ ﻋـﺩﺩﻫﻡ ﺤﺴـﺏ ﺴـﺠل‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪(1860- 1857‬ﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺃﻝﻑ ﻨﺴﻤﻪ)‪ ،(6‬ﻭﺯﺍﺩ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺍﺨﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺭ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺫﻜﺭ ‪ d.sourdel‬ﺃﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪1882‬ﻡ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻘﺎﺭﺏ ‪ 000 ،16‬ﻨﺴﻤﺔ)‪.(7‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﻘﺴﻡ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻔﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻵﺘﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯﺕ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻋﺎﻡ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺨﺎﺹ ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﻀﻤﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺇﻝـﻰ‬
‫ﻋﺩﺓ ﺃﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻲ ﻝﻤﺎ ﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻜﺎﻨﺔ ﺩﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﻭﺤﻴﺔ ﻝﺩﻯ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻌﺒﺭﹰﺍ ﻝﻠﻬﺠﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺯﺤـﺔ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.25‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .25‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.103‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .76‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.24‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.104‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.12‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪94‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .77‬ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪.7617‬‬
‫‪43‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺯﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺸﻤﺎل ﺇﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻷﻨﺩﻝﺱ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻝﺭﺒﻤﺎ ﻨﺠﺤﺕ ﺒﺠﺫﺏ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌـل‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﻝﻠﻌﻴﺵ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺴﻊ ﺩﺍﺨل ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻠﻴﻪ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺘﺒـﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺜـﺔ ﺍﻝـﺩﺍﻓﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻤﺜل ﻓﻲ ﺘﻭﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﻤﺩﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤﻠﻴـﺔ ؛ ﻭﺫﻝـﻙ ﻝـﺩﺭﺀ‬
‫ﺨﻁﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ)‪.(1‬‬

‫ﻭﺴﻜﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﻭﺒﻌﺩﻩ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻔﺭﻋﺕ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺫﻝـﻙ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﺒﻁـﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻓﺨﺎﺫ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻜﺙ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺎﺠﺭ ﺨﺎﺭﺠﻬﺎ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺴﻊ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻤﻭﻏﺭﺍﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻝﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺴﻲ )‪ .(2‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﺸﻬﺭ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل‪:‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻨﻘﺴﻤﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﻁﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﺨﺎﺫ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﺸﻬﺭ ﺒﻁﻭﻨﻬﺎ ﺃ‪ -‬ﺠﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﻁﻲﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻨﻘﺴﻤﺕ ﺒﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻋﺩﺓ ﺒﻁﻭﻥ ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﺃ‪ .‬ﺒﻨﻭ ﺠﺫﻴﻤﺔ)‪ ،(5‬ﻭﺘﻌﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺸﻬﺭ ﺒﻁﻭﻥ ﺠﺭﻡ ﻁﻲﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﻨﺴﺒﻬﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﺒﻴﻠـﺔ ﻗـﺭﻴﺵ)‪ ،(6‬ﻭﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﻓﺭﻭﻋﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺴﻜﻨﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺒﻨﻭ ﻏﻭﺙ )‪ :(7‬ﻭﺘﻔﺭﻋﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻨﻭ ﺒﻬﻰ)‪ ،(8‬ﻭﺒﻨﻭ ﺨﻭﻝﺔ)‪ ،(9‬ﻭﺒﻨﻭ ﻫﺭﻤﺎﺱ )‪.(10‬‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،66‬ﺹ‪.67‬‬

‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.67‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪ .189‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴـﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.67‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ ،211‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪ .189‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .196‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁـﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﻭﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.67‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.82‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴـﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.67‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .322‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .85‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .357‬ﻭﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ .211 ،4‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .196‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .85‬ﺃﺒـﻭ‬
‫ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،320‬ﺹ‪ ،322‬ﺝ‪ .211 ،4‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،172‬ﺹ‪ .196‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،320‬ﺹ‪ ،322‬ﺝ‪ .211 ،4‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،196‬ﺹ‪ .233‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪ (10‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،320‬ﺹ‪ .322‬ﺝ‪.211 ،4‬ﻭ‪ ،‬ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .196‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪ .68‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.85‬‬
‫‪44‬‬
 ‫‪ .2‬ﻭﺒﻨﻭ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ)‪ ،(1‬ﻭﺒﻨﻭ ﺴﻬﻴل)‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻴﻜﺜﺭ ﻭﺠﻭﺩﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻝﻐﺯﺓ )‪.(3‬‬

‫ﻭﺘﻔﺭﻋﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺠﻠﺔ)‪ ،(5‬ﻭﺍﻝﻀﻤﺎﻥ)‪ ،(6‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺩﻝﺔ )‪ ،(7‬ﻭﺒﻨﻭ ﺘﻤﺎﻡ)‪ ،(8‬ﻭﺒﻨـﻭ‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺒﻨﻭ ﻏﻭﺭ‬

‫ﻗﻤﺭﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺁل ﻨﺎﺩﺭ)‪ ،(9‬ﻭﺒﻨﻭ ﺠﻤﻴل)‪ ،(10‬ﻭﺘﻔﺭﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻨﻭ ﺠﻤﻴل ﺒﻨﻭ ﻤﻘﺩﺍﻡ)‪.(11‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﺒﻨﻭ ﻜﻭﺭ )‪.(12‬‬

‫‪ .5‬ﺒﻨﻭ ﺸﺒل)‪.(13‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،320‬ﺹ‪ ،322‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،196‬ﺹ‪ .353‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀـﹰﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .85‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،320‬ﺹ‪ .322‬ﺝ‪ .211 ،4‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،196‬ﺹ‪ .277‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ .211 ،4‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.196‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،320‬ﺹ‪ ،322‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .196‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁـﺎ ﺍﷲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .85‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،320‬ﺹ‪ .322‬ﺝ‪ .211 ،4‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،136‬ﺹ‪ .196‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،320‬ﺹ‪ .322‬ﺝ‪ .211 ،4‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .196‬ﻭ ﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.67‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،320‬ﺹ‪ ،322‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،136‬ﺹ‪ .196‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀـﹰﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ، ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،320‬ﺹ‪ ،322‬ﺝ‪ .211 ،4‬ﻭ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،177‬ﺹ‪ .196‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀـﹰﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻭ ﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .86‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴـﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،320‬ﺹ‪ ،322‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .196‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.67‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،196‬ﺹ‪ .387‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.67‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .387‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.86‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴـﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .67‬ﺃﺒـﻭ‬
‫ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(13‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .280‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺃﺒﻭ‬
‫ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫‪45‬‬
 ‫‪ .6‬ﺒﻨﻭ ﺭﻀﻴﻌﺔ)‪.(1‬‬

‫‪ .7‬ﻨﻴﻔﻭﺭ )‪.(2‬‬

‫‪ .8‬ﺒﻨﻭ ﺠﻤﻴﻠﺔ)‪.(3‬‬

‫‪ .9‬ﺒﻨﻭ ﺍﻷﺤﺎﻤﺩﺓ)‪.(4‬‬

‫‪ .10‬ﺒﻨﻭ ﺍﻝﺭﻓﺜﺔ)‪.(5‬‬

‫‪ .11‬ﺁل ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ )‪.(6‬‬

‫‪ .12‬ﺁل ﻋﻭﺴﺠﺔ)‪.(7‬‬

‫‪ .13‬ﺁل ﺃﺤﻤﺩ)‪.(8‬‬

‫‪ .14‬ﻤﻭﻗﻊ )‪.(9‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.211‬ﻭ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،245‬ﺹ‪ .246‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.83‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .203‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.156‬ﻭ ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻭ ﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪،82‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .85‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،67‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،320‬ﺹ‪ ،322‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،83‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،128‬ﺹ‪ .196‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬
‫ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.211‬ﻭ ﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .107‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .85‬ﺃﺒﻭ‬
‫ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .103‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .85‬ﺃﺒﻭ‬
‫ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .93‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁـﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪،82‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،320‬ﺹ‪ ،322‬ﺝ‪ .211 ،4‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.84‬ﻭ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .196‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒـﻭ ﺭﺤﻤـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.67‬‬
‫‪46‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﺸﻬﺭ ﺒﻁﻭﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺴﻜﻨﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﻨﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻴﺙ)‪ ،(2‬ﻭﺒﻨﻭ ﺠﺎﺒﺭ )‪ ،(3‬ﻭﺒﻨﻭ ﺃﺴـﻠﻡ)‪،(4‬‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ .‬ﺠﺫﺍﻡ‬

‫ﻭﺒﻨﻭ ﻋﻘﺒﺔ)‪ ،(5‬ﻭ ﻭﺒﻨﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻴﺩ )‪.(6‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺯﺩ‪ :‬ﻭﻤـﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺘـﻲ ﺴﻜﻨﺕ ﺒﻐﺯﺓ ﺨﺯﺍﻋﺔ)‪.(7‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﻜﻨﺎﻨـﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺴﻜﻨﺕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﺵ)‪.(8‬‬

‫ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺩﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻭﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺸﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻬﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﺨـﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻤﺜل ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺩ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭ ﺒﻴﺒﺭﺱ ﺨﻼل ﺯﻴﺎﺭﺘﻪ ﻝﻐـﺯﺓ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ )‪661‬ﻩ‪1263/‬ﻡ( "ﺍﹲﺤﻀﺭ ﺃﻤﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻴﺩ ﻭﺠﺭﻡ ﻭﺜﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﻭﻀﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﻭﺃﻝﺯﻤﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺍﺩ " ﻭﺸﺭﻁ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ "ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻭﺇﺤﻀﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺨﻴل ﺒﺭﺴﻤﻪ "‪ ،‬ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﺤﺞ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﺇﻝـﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺯ )‪.(9‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺸﺫﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﻜﺜﻴﺭﹰﺍ ﻋﻥ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﺨﺫﺕ ﻓـﻲ ﺴـﻨﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺤـﻁ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺒﺌـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﻀﻁﺭﺍﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﻭﺘﻘﻁﻊ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻗﺎﺕ ﻭﺘﻘـﻭﻡ ﺒﺄﻋﻤـﺎل ﺍﻝﺴـﻠﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻬـﺏ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻭﺼﻑ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺴﺎﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺯﺍﺭ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋـﺎﻡ )‪1073‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬
‫‪1663‬ﻡ( ﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻻﻀﻁﺭﺍﺏ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻌﺭﻀﺕ ﻝﻬﺎ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﻏﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﺏ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻝﻘـﺭﻯ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﻴﻁـﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ)‪.(10‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .54‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .86‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .192‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .189‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .86‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .211‬ﻭﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .41‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .86‬ﺃﺒـﻭ‬
‫ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .336‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .86‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.90‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻗﻼﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.99‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .40‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.69‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪90‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ ،404‬ﺹ‪ ،407‬ﺹ‪ ،408‬ﺹ‪ .413‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺘـﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.341‬‬
‫‪47‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻨﻌﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺤﻭل ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻌﻁﻴـل ﺤﺭﻜـﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺠـﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻨﻬﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻗﻭﺍﻓل ﺍﻝﺤﺞ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﺍﻭﻱ ﻭﻗﻭﺍﻓل ﺍﻝﺘﺠـﺎﺭﺓ ﻷﺨﻁـﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻠﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻬﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻤﺭﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻕ ﻭ ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﺏ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺤﻜﻡ ﺁل ﺭﻀﻭﺍﻥ ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﻋﻨـﺩﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺤﺎﻭل ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺤﺎﻕ ﺒﻘﺎﻓﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺞ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﺍﻭﻱ ﻨﺼﺤﻪ ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭ ﺃﻜﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﻓﺭﻴﻀـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺞ ﻤﻊ ﻗﺎﻓﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺞ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻱ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺘﻭﺍﻓﺭ ﻷﻤﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﺃﺩﻻﺀ ﺃﻤﻨﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺸﺎﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﺎﻥ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻔﺘﻘﺭ‬

‫ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﺤﺞ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﺍﻭﻱ)‪.(1‬‬

‫ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺴﺎﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﺏ ﺍﺴﺘﻐﻠﻭﺍ ﺴﻴﻁﺭﺘﻬﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻕ ﺒﻔـﺭﺽ ﻀـﺭﺍﺌﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺭﻭﺭ "ﺍﻝﺨﻔﺎﺭﺓ " ﺒﻤﻌﺩل ﻗﺭﺸﻴﻥ ﻋﻥ ﻜل ﺠﻤل ﻤﻥ ﺠﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺝ ﻭﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﻗﺭﻭﺵ ﻋﻥ ﻜل ﺠﻤل ﻤﻥ‬

‫ﺠﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﻔﻼﺤﻴﻥ)‪.(2‬‬

‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﺫﻤﺔ‬

‫ﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﺫﻤﺔ ﺘﻤﺜﻠﺕ ﺒـ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺘﻼﺯﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻤﻊ ﻅﻬﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻴﺢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺭﺽ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ؛ ﺃﻱ ﻗﺒـل‬
‫ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﺒﻌﺩﺓ ﻗﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻌﻅﻡ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺇﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﻤـﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻤﺭ ﻭﺠﻭﺩﻫﻡ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﻅﻡ ﻤﺩﻥ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪.(3‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺴﺎﻤﺭﺓ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺃﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻗﻠﻴل ﻤﻥ ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﻤﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻫـﻡ ﺼـﻨﻑ ﻤـﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩ ﻴﺩﻴﻨﻭﻥ ﺒﺯﻋﻤﻬﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺘﻭﺭﺍﺓ ﻭﻴﺴﺒﺘﻭﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻴﻌﻴﺸﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻷﻭﺴﻁ ﻤﻥ ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،156‬ﺹ‪ .157‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.350‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ 405‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.341‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﺽ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .510‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.74‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ ،328‬ﺹ‪ .329‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.73‬‬
‫‪48‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺭ ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ ﺤﺼﻠﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻤﺘﻴﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺃﻓﻀل ﻤﻥ ﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﻁﻭﺍﺌﻑ ﺃﻫـل ﺍﻝﺫﻤـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ ﻝﻤﺴﺎﻨﺩﺘﻬﻡ ﻝﻠﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻭﺭﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ )‪.(1‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﺃﻭل ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺘﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩﻫﻡ ﺒﻐﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻨﺴﻲ ﺒﺭﺍﺘﺭﺍﺘﺩﻭﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﻘﻭل " ﻭﻋﻨـﺩﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺼﻠﺘﻬﺎ )ﺃﻱ ﻏﺯﺓ( ﻭﻝﻡ ﺃﻝﻕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﻁﻌﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺎﻫﻡ ﻤﻌﻪ ﺴﻭﻯ ﻴﻬﻭﺩﻱ ﺼﻘﻴﻠﻲ ﺁﺘﻨـﻲ ﺴـﺎﻤﺭﻱ‬

‫ﺃﻨﻘﺫﻨﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻰ ﺍﻝﺸﺩﻴﺩﺓ "‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺠﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻴﻬﻭﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻻ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ‬
‫ﺴﻜﺎﻨﻲ ﻜﺎﻤل ﻭﻴﺤﺘﻤل ﺃﻥ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩﻱ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺯﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻴﺭﺘﺎﺩﻭﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻝـﻡ‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻴﺭﺩ ﺃﻱ ﺫﻜﺭ ﻝﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .5‬ﺍﻝﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻲ ﻝﻠﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‬

‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻓﻴﺭﻯ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺭﺨﻴﻥ ﺒﺄﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻴﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻗﺩﻤﻭﺍ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ ﺒﻐﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻗﺩﻡ ﻤﺩﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻡ‬
‫ﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻭﻀﻌﻭﺍ ﺤﺠﺭ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺱ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ)‪ ،(6‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻨﻬـﻡ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪3750‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ(‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻷﻗل ﺴﺎﻋﺩﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻤﻭﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭﻫﺎ)‪ ،(7‬ﺜﻡ ﺍﺤﺘل ﻤﻜﺎﻨﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﺒﺌﻴﻭﻥ)‪ .(8‬ﻭﻴﺭﻯ ﺍﻝـﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻵﺨـﺭ ﺃﻥ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .522‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.73‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.92‬‬
‫)‪(3‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .19‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .21‬ﺍﻝﻔـﺎﺭﻭﻗﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤﻤﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.407‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .119‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .15‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.173‬ﺍﻝﻌـﺎﺭﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،17‬ﺹ‪.19‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪19‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .119‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .15‬ﺍﻵﻏـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴـل‪ ،‬ﻤـﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .362‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.17‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .362‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪17‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .119‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .15‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.19‬‬
‫‪49‬‬
 ‫)‪(3‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻨﺯﺤﻭﺍ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﺯﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺤـﻭﺍﻝﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﻨﺴل ﺤﺎﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻨﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻜﻨﻌﺎﻨﻴﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻫﻡ ﺃﻭل ﻤﻥ ﺴﻜﻨﻬﺎ)‪.(5‬‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ )‪2500‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ(‬

‫)‪(6‬‬
‫؛‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺘﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻭﻙ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺍﻋﺘﻠﻭﺍ ﻋﺭﺵ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻤﻨﺫ ﻋﻬﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺍﻋﻨﺔ ﺒﺩﺀﹰﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪3235‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ( ﺒﻐﺯﺓ‬
‫ﻨﻅﺭﹰﺍ ﻝﻤﻭﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺸﻜل ﻤﻤﺭﹰﺍ ﺤﻴﻭﻴﹰﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﻤﺼﺭ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭﻨﺎ ﺴﺎﺒﻘﹰﺎ)‪ ،(7‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺤﺼﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺭﺨﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻓﺭﻋﻭﻨﹰﺎ ﻤﺭﻭﺍ ﺒﻐﺯﺓ ﻭﻓﺘﺤﻭﻫﺎ)‪.(8‬‬

‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ )‪1340‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺘﺨﺫﻭﻫﺎ ﺤﺼﻨﹰﺎ ﻤﻨﻴﻌـﺎﹰ؛ ﻝﻭﻗﻭﻋﻬـﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺨﻠﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﺤﻭﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺤﺩﻭﺩﻫﻡ ﻭﺘﻌﺭﻀﻬﺎ ﻝﻬﺠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﻡ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺘﺠﺎﻭﺭﻫﻡ)‪ .(10‬ﻭﻝﻡ‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﻋﺘﻠﻰ ﻤﻨﺼﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻡ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺃﺒﻴـﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﺨل ﻓﻲ ﺤﻜﻡ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺇﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴل ﺇﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ )‪930-960‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ( )‪ ،(12‬ﻭﻅﻬﺭ ﺨﻼﻝﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺎﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻻﻨﻘﺴﺎﻤﺎﺕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺠﻬـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫)‪(13‬‬
‫ﻭﻅﻠﺕ ﺨﺎﻀﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺠﻬﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻐﻠﺏ ﺍﻷﺸﻭﺭﻴﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻋﺎﻡ)‪734‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ(‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .171‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .362‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .567‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .55‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌـﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .122‬ﺍﻝـﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،1‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.659‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .362‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.21‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.21‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .120‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .16‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.21‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .16‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .362‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪21‬‬
‫)‪ (6‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .17‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .362‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪.25‬‬
‫)‪ (7‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .17‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.24‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .362‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،26‬ﺹ‪ .27‬ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﻤﻠﺤﻕ ﺭﻗﻡ )‪-:(1‬ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻤﻠـﻭﻙ ﻤﺼـﺭ‬
‫ﻭﻓﺭﺍﻋﻨﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻤﺭﻭﺍ ﺒﻐﺯﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺘﺤﻭﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.13‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.37‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،34‬ﺹ‪.35‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .97‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .37‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.171‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .363‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .567‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.39‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.39‬‬
‫)‪ (13‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .125‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .13‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴـﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤـﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤـﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.171‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.567‬‬
‫‪50‬‬
‫ﻝﺴﻠﻁﺘﻬﻡ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪609‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ( ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻋﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻠـﻙ ﺘﻴﺨـﺭ∗ﺍﻝﺜـﺎﻨﻲ )ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ( ﻝﺴـﻠﻁﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻜـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ)‪ ،(1‬ﻭﻝﻤﺎ ﻀﻌﻑ ﺤﻜﻤﻪ ﺍﻨﺘﻘﻠﺕ ﺍﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺒﻠﻲ )‪(2‬ﻋﺎﻡ )‪568‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ()‪.(3‬‬

‫ﺍﺤﺘل ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺱ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﻤﻠﻜﻬﻡ ﻗﻤﺒﻴﺯ ∗ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻗﻭﺭﺵ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺃﺸﻬﺭ ﻤﻠﻭﻙ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺃﺴﺴﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻤﺒﺭﺍﻁﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺭﺴﻴﺔ )ﺕ‪522‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ( ﻋﺎﻡ)‪525‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ( )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﺍﺘﺨﺫﻭﻫﺎ ﻤﺭﻜـﺯﹰﺍ ﺤﺭﺒﻴـﹰﺎ ﻝﺤﺭﻜـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺠﻴﻭﺸﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺃﻋﺩﻭﻫﺎ ﻝﻔﺘﺢ ﻤﺼﺭ )‪ ،(5‬ﺜﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﻭﻝﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﺴﻜﻨﺩﺭ ∗ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴـﺭ ﺒـﻥ ﻓﻴﻠﻴـﺏ ﺍﻝﺜـﺎﻨﻲ‬

‫ﻋﺎﻡ )‪332‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ( ﺒﻌﺩ ﺤﺼﺎﺭ ﻁﻭﻴل)‪(7‬ﺩﺍﻡ ﺸﻬﺭﻴﻥ ﻭﻗﻴل ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺸﻬﻭﺭ)‪،(8‬‬ ‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﻭﻨﻲ )ﺕ‪323‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﻭﻋﺩﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺤﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻋﻅﻡ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻁﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻭﺼﻔﻬﺎ ﻤﺅﺭﺨﻭ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻨﺎﻥ )ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻅﻴﻤﺔ()‪.(9‬‬

‫ﺤﺎﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺌﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻤﺎﻨﻲ ﺴﻴﻔﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﺴﻜﻨﺩﺭ∗ ﺒﺎﻨﻴﻭﺱ)ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ( ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪96‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ( ﻏﻴﺭ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺴﺘﻁﻊ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺤﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺤﺼﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﻡ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻀﻁﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻤﺎﻥ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺒﻨﺎﺀﻫﺎ ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﺍﺏ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺃﻝﺤﻘـﻪ‬

‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻝﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .125‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،39‬ﺹ‪42‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .125‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،44‬ﺹ‪.45‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،44‬ﺹ‪.45‬‬
‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻝﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .127‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.113‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.47‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.47‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺤﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻠﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .253‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺴﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .288‬ﺒﺎﻗﺭ‪ ،‬ﻁـﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.486‬‬

‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .127‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .171‬ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﺴـﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠـﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.191‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .567‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،39‬ﺹ‪.51‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،39‬ﺹ‪.51‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .131‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،39‬ﺹ‪.51‬‬
‫)‪(9‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ .27‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،39‬ﺹ‪.52‬‬
‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻝﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫‪51‬‬
 ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻹﻤﺒﺭﺍﻁﻭﺭﻴﻥ ﻏﺎﻴﻭﺱ ﻴﻭﻝﻴﻭﺱ∗ ﻗﻴﺼـﺭ )ﺕ‪44‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺎ )‪ ،(1‬ﻭﻤﻨﺤﻭﻫﺎ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻫﺭﻭﺩﻭﺱ ∗ﺃﻨﺘﻴﺒﺎﺱ )ﺕ ‪ 4‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻭﻓﺎﺘﻪ ﻤﻘﺎﻁﻌﺔ ﺭﻭﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ )‪.(3‬‬

‫ﻭ ﺍﺤﺘﻭﺕ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪134‬ﻡ(ﻋﻠﻰ ﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻫﻴﺎﻜل ﻭﺜﻨﻴﺔ )‪ ،(5‬ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﻀـﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬

‫ﻼ ﻝﻠﻭﺜﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻌﻘ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻋﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺭﺸﻴﻭﻥ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺨﺎﺹ ﺨﻼل ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﻴﻑ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﻬﻭﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻝﻠﺤﺠﺎﺯ )‪.(6‬‬

‫ﺩﺨﻠﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻴﺤﻴﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻹﻤﺒﺭﺍﻁﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻝﻡ ﺘﻘﻭ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺸـﺎﺭ ﺇﻻ ﺒﻌـﺩ‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻹﻤﺒﺭﺍﻁﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺯﻨﻁﻲ ﻗﺴﻁﻨﻁﻴﻥ∗ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺄﺴﻴﺱ ﺍﻹﻤﺒﺭﺍﻁﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺯﻨﻁﻴﺔ‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻗﺴﻁﺎﻨﺵ ﺍﻷﻭل )ﺕ‪337‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻭل ﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔ ﻝﻠﻤﺴﻴﺤﻴﻴﻥ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .137‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .26‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .129‬ﺍﻝﻌـﺎﺭﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.65‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .26‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .38‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ .‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .364‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .122‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.65‬‬
‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻝﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻝﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪ (3‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .26‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.65‬‬

‫)‪ (4‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .28‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،155‬ﺹ‪ .156‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .38‬ﺃﺒـﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .172‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .122‬ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪.7614‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﺵ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤل‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪ .7617‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.73‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،112‬ﺹ‪ .113‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻁﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺨﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .93‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒـﻴﺽ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،155‬ﺹ‪.156‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.73‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .244‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .19‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋـﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘـﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.73‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.687‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .141‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .31‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪79‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺴﻁﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،18‬ﺹ‪ ،179‬ﺹ‪.180‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺴﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻗﺴﻁﻨﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.2557‬‬

‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .141‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ ::‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .31‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.38‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .172‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .122‬ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒـﺩ ﺍﻝـﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤـﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،24‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .7614‬ﺭﻭﺍﺵ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤل‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪.7617‬‬
‫‪52‬‬
 ‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺵ ﺍﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻲ ﺒﻘﻴـﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ )‪13‬ﻫـ‪634/‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻤﻌﺭﻜﺔ ﺩﺍﺜﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺸﺭﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺭﻭ∗ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺹ ﺒﻥ ﻭﺍﺌل ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺸﻲ )ﺕ‪43‬ﻫـ‪664/‬ﻡ( )‪.(3‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻴﺵ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺯﻨﻁﻲ ﺒﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻘﻴﻭﺱ∗)ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ( )‪(4‬ﻤﻥ ﺃﻭل ﻭﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﺼﺩﺍﻤﺎﺕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻁـﺭﻓﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴـﺙ‬
‫ﻜﺎﺩﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻔﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺵ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺯﻨﻁﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﺜﺕ ﺍﻝﻔﺯﻉ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻋﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ ﺒﻔﻌل ﻋﺎﻤل ﺍﻝﻤﻔﺎﺠﺌـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺒﺎﻏﺘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺭﺘﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺩﺍﺜﻥ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺹ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺩﺨﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺒل ﺍﻜﺘﻔﻰ ﺒﺩﻓﻊ ﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺠﺯﻴﺔ ﻤﻘﺎﺒل ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻥ )‪.(5‬‬

‫ﻋﻘﺩ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺏ )‪23-13‬ﻫـ‪644-634/‬ﻡ( ﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭﹰﺍ ﻝﻘﻭﺍﺩﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﺒﻴﺔ ﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ )‪17‬ﻫـ‪638/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺘﻔﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻘﺴﻴﻡ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﺭﺒﻊ ﺃﺠﻨﺎﺩ ﻭﺸﻤﻠﺕ ﺠﻨﺩ ﺤﻤﺹ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺩ ﺍﻷﺠﺯﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺴﻬل ﻤﺭﺝ ﺒﻥ ﻋـﺎﻤﺭ ﻭ‬
‫ﺘﺒﻌﻪ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪.(6‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .10‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴـﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .173‬ﺃﺒـﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .171‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .567‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌـﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.122‬ﺴﻴﺴـﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼـﺎﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .25‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.480‬ﺍﻷﺸﻘﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺎﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .140‬ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪ .7615‬ﺭﻭﺍﺵ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤل‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪.7618‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺴﻜﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .14‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .33‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.173‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤـﺎﺘﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .171‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .367‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.5‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﺫﻫﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.11‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻹﺼﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ ،537‬ﺹ‪ .538‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴـﺭ‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.79‬‬

‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .10‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.173‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .171‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .567‬ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪ .7615‬ﺭﻭﺍﺵ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤل‪،‬‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪ .7618‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.122‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝـﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.25‬‬
‫ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.480‬ﺍﻷﺸﻘﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺎﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.140‬‬
‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻝﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.173‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،109‬ﺹ‪.113‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.18‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺴﻜﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.24‬‬
‫‪53‬‬
 ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻤﻌﺭﻜـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻻﻁﻼﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻌﻅﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﺘﺤﺕ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪19‬ﻫـ‪640/‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﺭﻤﻭﻙ ﻭ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ؛ ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻴﺩ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺹ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﻪ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﻤﺼـﺭ)‪،(2‬‬

‫ﻭﺫﻜﺭﺕ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﺘﺤﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﻱ ﻤﻌﺎﻭﻴﺔ ∗ﺒـﻥ ﺃﺒـﻲ ﺴـﻔﻴﺎﻥ )‪-41‬‬
‫‪60‬ﻫـ‪680-661/‬ﻡ( )‪.(3‬‬

‫ﺃﻭﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﻴﻴﻥ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻋﺎﻡ ﻭﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺨﺎﺹ ﻤﻜﺎﻨﺔ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺒﻭﻴـﻊ‬
‫ﻝﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺨﻠﻔﺎﺀ ﺃﻤﻭﻴﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻭﻝﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﻤﻌﺎﻭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﻲ ﺭﻭﻴﻔﻊ ∗ﺒﻥ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ‬
‫ﺒﻥ ﺴﻜﻥ ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭﻱ )ﺕ‪56‬ﻫـ‪676/‬ﻡ( ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻝﻌﺏ ﺃﻫل ﻏﺯﺓ ﺩﻭﺭﹰﺍ ﺒﺎﺭﺯﹰﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺤﺩﺍﺙ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺍﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻤﺭﺕ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺨﻼﻓﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﺕ ﺒﻤﻘﺘل ﺁﺨﺭ ﺨﻠﻔﺎﺌﻬﺎ ﻤﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ∗ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ‬

‫)‪132-127‬ﻫـ‪750-744/‬ﻡ( ﻋﺎﻡ )‪132‬ﻫـ‪750/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﻘﻭﻁ ﺍﻝﺨﻼﻓﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒـﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻡ‬

‫ﻭﻅﻬﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺨﻼﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻠﺠًﺄ ﻝﻤﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻤﻁﺎﺭﺩﺘﻪ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺴﻴﻴﻥ)‪.(5‬‬

‫ﻓﻘﺩﺕ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺴﻲ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺼﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﻻﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﻨﻅﺭ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻔﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺴﻴﻭﻥ ﺒﻌﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﻴﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺫﺭ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﻭﻻﺌﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻝﺹ ﻝﻸﻤﻭﻴﻴﻥ ﻤـﻥ ﺠﻬـﺔ ﻭ ﻓﻘـﺩﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻜﺎﻨـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﻤﺘﻴﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺤﺼﻠﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﻱ ﻤﻥ ﺠﻬﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ)‪ ،(6‬ﻭﺴﺎﺩ ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺯﻭﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺁﺜﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .227‬ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .425‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻜﺏ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .38‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.248‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.22‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪ .1‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻹﺼﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪ .120‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴـﺭ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪.261‬‬

‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺯﻭﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺁﺜﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .227‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.666‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ‪ ،‬ﺘﻬﺫﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .299‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.36‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.24‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻷﺜﻴـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻜﺎﻤـل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .173‬ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺭﻴـﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴـﻠﻭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪،114‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺹ‪ .115‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪.208‬‬

‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،25‬ﺹ‪.26‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻡ‪ .‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.26‬‬
‫‪54‬‬
‫ﺒﺸﻜل ﻋﺎﻡ ﻓﻭﻀﻰ ﺴﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﺭﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻌﺭﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴﺔ ﺒـ "ﻓﺘﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺄﻤﻭﻥ" )‪194– 198‬ﻫـ ‪809– 813/‬ﻡ( )‪.(1‬‬

‫ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻝﻠﺤﻜﻡ ﺍﻝﻁﻭﻝﻭﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﺍﺴﺘﻐل ﻭﺍﻝﻲ ﻤﺼﺭ ﺃﺤﻤـﺩ∗ﺒـﻥ ﻁﻭﻝـﻭﻥ‬
‫)‪270 -254‬ﻫـ\‪884- 868‬ﻡ( ﺍﻻﻀﻁﺭﺍﺒﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻭﻓﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜﻲ∗ ﺁﻤـﺎﺠﻭﺭ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ )‪264‬ﻫـ‪877/‬ﻡ( ﻝﻤﺩ ﻨﻔﻭﺫﻩ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ)‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺯﻭﺍل ﺤﻜﻤﻬﻡ ﺃﻋﻴﺩﺕ ﺘﺒﻌﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻝﻠﺨﻼﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺴﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﻅﻬﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﺴﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﺨﺸﻴﺩﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺭﻏﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺤﺎﻭﻝﺔ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ∗ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻨﺠـﻲ )ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ( ﺃﺤـﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻜﺭﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﻭﻝﻭﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺤﻜﻡ ﺍﻝﻁﻭﻝﻭﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻘﻼل ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﻼﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺴﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻤﻜﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻫﺯﻴﻤﺔ ﺠﻴﺵ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺴﻴﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪.(3‬‬

‫ﻭﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭ∗ﺒﺎﷲ )‪322-320‬ﻫـ‪934-932/‬ﻡ( ﻋﺎﻡ)‪321‬ﻫـ‪933/‬ﻡ( ﻤﺼﺭ ﻷﺒﻲ‬

‫ﺒﻜﺭ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ∗ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻁﻐﺞ )ﺕ‪334‬ﻫـ‪946/‬ﻡ( ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻤﺅﺴﺱ ﺍﻷﺴﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﺨﺸﻴﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﻗﺕ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﺴﻊ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﺒﺎﷲ ∗ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺘﺩﺭ )‪329-322‬ﻫـ‪940-934/‬ﻡ( ﻋﺎﻡ‬

‫)‪323‬ﻫـ‪935/‬ﻡ( ﻨﻔﻭﺫﻩ ﻝﻴﺸﻤل ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺯ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﻤﺼﺭ‪ .‬ﻭﻋـﻴﻥ ﺃﺒـﺎ ﺒﻜـﺭ ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ∗ﺒـﻥ ﺭﺍﺌـﻕ‬
‫)ﺕ‪331‬ﻫـ‪942/‬ﻡ( ﻋﺎﻡ )‪327‬ﻫـ‪938/‬ﻡ( ﻭﺍﻝﻴﹰﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺠﺯﻴﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻭﺍﺼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺼﺭﺍﻉ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﻠﻴﻥ ﻝﻠﺴﻴﻁﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻡ ﺍﻨﺘﻬـﻰ ﺒﻌﻘـﺩ ﺍﺘﻔﺎﻗﻴـﺔ ﻝﻠﺼـﻠﺢ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻤـﺎ ﻋـﺎﻡ‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.27‬‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .1‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻴﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺒﺩﺍﺌﻊ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﻕ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.161‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،9‬ﺹ‪ .216‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻻﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪.277‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.28‬‬
‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﻝﻪ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪ (3‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.29‬‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،11‬ﺹ‪ .170‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.245‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،11‬ﺹ‪ .178‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.251‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﻠﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .56‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.273‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﻠﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .118‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺸﺫﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ ،167‬ﺹ‪.168‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫‪55‬‬
‫)‪328‬ﻫـ‪939/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻨﺼﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺘﺩﺓ ﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﺔ ﻝﻺﺨﺸﻴﺩ ﻭﺸﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠـﺔ‬
‫ﻻﺒﻥ ﺭﺍﺌﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺴﺎﻡ ﺨﺭﺍﺝ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺩﺨﻠﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﻭﺫ ﺍﻹﺨﺸﻴﺩﻴﻴﻥ)‪.(1‬‬

‫ﺘﻭﻝﻰ ﺤﻜﻡ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻭﻓﺎﺓ ﺃﺒﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻙ ﻜﺎﻓﻭﺭ∗ﺍﻹﺨﺸﻴﺩﻱ )‪357-355‬ﻫـ‪968-966/‬ﻡ(ﻏﻼﻡ‬

‫ﻗﺎﺼﺭ ﻫﻭ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻭﺍﺭﺱ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ∗ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻹﺨﺸﻴﺩ )‪358–357‬ﻫـ ‪967/‬ﻡ–‪ ،(969‬ﻭ ﺘﻌـﺭﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻡ ﺍﻹﺨﺸﻴﺩﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩﻩ ﻷﺨﻁﺎﺭ ﺜﻼﺙ ﻗﻭﻯ ﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺍﻤﻁﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻤﺩﺍﻨﻴﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎل‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻔﺎﻁﻤﻴﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺏ )‪ ،(2‬ﻭﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻨﺯﺍﻉ ﺒﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﻁﻤﻴﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺴﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﺨﺸﻴﺩﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺤﺘﻼﻝﻬﻡ ﻝﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ)‪.(3‬‬

‫ﺘﻭﺠﻪ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﻁﻤﻴﻭﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﺤﺘﻼﻝﻬﻡ ﻝﻤﺼﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪358‬ﻫـ‪969/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻝﻠﺸﺎﻡ ﻷﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻋـﺩﺓ ﻤﻨﻬـﺎ ‪:‬ﻨﺸـﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺫﻫﺏ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻕ ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﺍﻻﻤﺘﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻝﻤﺼﺭ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
‫ﻤﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﺃﺭﺴل ﺠﻭﻫﺭ∗ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺼﻘﻠﻲ)ﺕ‪381‬ﻫـ‪992/‬ﻡ( ﻗﺎﺌﺩﻩ ﺠﻌﻔﺭ∗ﺒـﻥ ﻓـﻼﺡ‬
‫)ﺕ‪360‬ﻩ‪970/‬ﻡ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺠﻴﺵ ﺍﺴﺘﻁﺎﻉ ﺩﺨﻭل ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﻨﻬﺒﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪358‬ﻫـ‪969/‬ﻡ(‪،‬‬

‫ﺜﻡ ﺘﻭﺠﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻁﺒﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﺩﻤﺸﻕ ﻭﺨﻁﺏ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻝﻠﻔﺎﻁﻤﻴﻴﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪359‬ﻫــ‪969/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺒـﺫﻝﻙ‬
‫ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻝﻠﻔﺎﻁﻤﻴﻴﻥ ﻤﻨﺫ ﺃﻭﺍﺨﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪358‬ﻫـ‪969/‬ﻡ()‪ ،(4‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﻴﺩﺍﻥ ﻝﻠﺼﺭﺍﻉ ﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻔﺎﻁﻤﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻴﺩﻴﻥ ﻝﻠﺨﻼﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻼﺠﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻴﺩﻴﻥ ﻝﻠﺨﻼﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺴﻴﺔ )‪.(5‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.30‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،11‬ﺹ‪ .264‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.1‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﻠﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .62‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.21‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪ (2‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.31‬‬

‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،24‬ﺹ‪.7615‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،11‬ﺹ‪ .172‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.28‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،11‬ﺹ‪ ،95‬ﺹ‪ .96‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ ،58‬ﺹ‪.59‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.132‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .29‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.127‬‬
‫‪56‬‬
‫ﺠﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺨﻀﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺼﺭﺍﻉ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﻭﻥ)‪ ،(1‬ﻭﻭﻗﻌﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺒﻀﺘﻬﻡ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪493‬ﻩ‪1100/‬ﻡ()‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻗﺩ‬
‫ﺍﺘﺨﺫﻭﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﻝﺼﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﻁﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺒﺎﺘﺕ ﺘﺸﻜل ﺨﻁﺭﹰﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ)‪.(3‬‬

‫ﺩﺨل ﺼﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻴﻭﺒﻲ)ﺕ‪589‬ﻩ‪1193/‬ﻡ( ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﺭﺘﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺘﻤﻜﻥ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻻﺴـﺘﻴﻼﺀ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ)‪ ،(4‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻝﻤﺎ ﺍﻨﺘﺼﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻁﻴﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪583‬ﻫـ‪1187/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻤﻜﻥ ﺨﻼﻝﻬﺎ‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺭﻴﺘﺸﺎﺭﺩ∗ﺍﺒﻥ ﻫﻨﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻗﻠﺏ ﺍﻷﺴﺩ)ﺕ‪595‬ﻫـ‪1199/‬ﻡ( ﻋﺎﺩ ﺍﺤﺘﻼﻝﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻏﺯﺓ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ)‪587‬ﻫـ‪1191/‬ﻡ()‪(6‬ﻤﺴﺘﻐ ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ ﺘﺤﻁﻡ ﺠﻴﺵ ﺼﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﺤﺘﻼل ﻋﻜـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻨﺘﻬـﺕ ﺒﺘﻭﻗﻴـﻊ‬
‫ﻤﻌﺎﻫﺩﺓ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻓﻴﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪589‬ﻫـ‪1193/‬ﻡ( ﻗﻀﺕ ﺒﺘﺠﺭﻴﺩ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺤﺼﻭﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻝـﺩﻓﺎﻉ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻨﻔﺫﺕ ﺸﺭﻭﻁ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻫﺩﺓ ﺒﺤﺫﺍﻓﻴﺭﻫﺎ )‪.(7‬‬

‫ﺘﻌﺭﻀﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻝﻠﺨﺭﺍﺏ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪592‬ﻫـ‪1195/‬ﻡ(ﻋﻠﻰ ﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﻋﻤﺎﺩ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ∗ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻥ ﺼﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻴﻭﺒﻲ ﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﻤﺼﺭ )‪595-589‬ﻫـ‪1198-1193/‬ﻡ( ﺨﻭﻓﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻨﺞ‬
‫ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ )‪.(8‬‬

‫ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺯ∗ ﺃﻴﺒـﻙ )‪655-648‬ﻫــ‪1257-1250/‬ﻡ( ﻋـﺎﻡ )‪648‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬

‫‪1250‬ﻡ( ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻴﻭﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ∗ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ )‪659-627‬ﻩ‪1261-1230/‬ﻡ( ﺒﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺨـﺫ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .34‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.127‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .34‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.160‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.31‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .229‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،136‬ﺹ‪.137‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .226‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.35‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪،136‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.137‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،11‬ﺭﻴﺘﺸﺎﺭﺩ ﺍﻷﻭل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .456‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺴـﺭﺓ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺭﻴﺘﺸﺎﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.1704‬‬

‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .169‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.137‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.137‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺭﻴﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .258‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪.146‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪ (8‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.35‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.170‬‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،13‬ﺹ‪ .178‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺸﺫﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪ .463‬ﻤﻭﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝـﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺘـﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺹ‪.43‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺭﻴﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .539‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪.203‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫‪57‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻓﺎﻥ ﻴﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﻥ ﻝﻠﻘﺘﺎل‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﻜﻠﻑ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻓـﺎﺭﺱ∗ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻗﻁـﺎﻱ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜـﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻤـﻲ )ﺕ‬
‫‪652‬ﻫـ‪1254/‬ﻡ( ﺒﻤﺤﺎﺼﺭﺓ ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﺭﺩ ﺍﻴﺒﻙ ﺒﻤﺤﺎﺼﺭﺓ ﺍﻗﻁﺎﻱ ﻝﻴﻨﻘﺫ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻤﻜﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺇﺭﺠـﺎﻉ‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺸﻭﺍﻁﺊ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺴﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺯ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪648‬ﻫـ‪1250/‬ﻡ( )‪ .(1‬ﻭﺒﻘﻴﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻴﺩﻩ ﺇﻝـﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺨﺭﺠﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﻗﺘل ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﻗﻁﺎﻱ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺴﺘﺭﺠﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻠـﻙ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼـﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻗﻁﻌﻬﺎ ﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ )‪.(2‬‬

‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ )‪658‬ﻫـ‪1260/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺒﻌﺙ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻭﻝﻲ ﻫﻭﻻﻜﻭ∗ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻭﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺘﺘﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺯﺓ‬
‫ﺠﻨﻜﻴﺯ ﺨﺎﻥ )ﺕ ‪664‬ﻩ‪1265/‬ﻡ( ﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻅﻔـﺭ∗ ﻗﻅـﺯ)‪-657‬‬
‫‪658‬ﻩ‪1260-1259/‬ﻡ( ﻴﻁﻠﺏ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺨﻀﻭﻉ ﻭﺍﻝﻁﺎﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺭﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭ ﺒﻌﻨﻑ)‪.(4‬‬

‫ﺨﻀﻌﺕ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻝﻠﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺜـﺭ ﻫﺯﻴﻤـﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺘـﺎﺭ ﻓـﻲ ﻤﻌﺭﻜـﺔ ﻋـﻴﻥ ﺠـﺎﻝﻭﺕ ﻋـﺎﻡ‬
‫)‪658‬ﻫـ‪1259/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺴﻤﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺴﺘﺔ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﻴﺎﺒﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﺴﺘﻤﺭﺍﺭ ﻝﻠﺘﻘﺴﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬
‫ﻜﺎﻥ ﺴﺎﺌﺩﹰﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻷﻴﻭﺒﻲ)‪ ،(5‬ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻤﺭﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻝﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ ﺩﻤﺸﻕ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻠـﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻗﻼﻭﻭﻥ)‪741-709‬ﻫـ‪1340-1310/‬ﻡ( ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻓﺭﺩﺕ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪711‬ﻫـ‪1311/‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ ﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﺒﺫﺍﺘﻬﺎ )‪.(6‬‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪-:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﻝﻴل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .143‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺸﺫﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪.441‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.143‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻬﺭﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .33‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .265‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .183‬ﺨﻠـﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﺘﻴﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﻑ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .152‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.671‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻬﺭﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .33‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.266‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .244‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.36‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻬل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،12‬ﺹ)‪ .(53-51‬ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.240‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻨﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺫﻴل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،379‬ﺹ‪ .380‬ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻴﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،29‬ﺹ‪ .305‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﻨـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒـﺎﺯ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،48‬ﺹ‪.49‬‬

‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .36‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.159‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .36‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،186‬ﺹ‪.187‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،186‬ﺹ‪ .187‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،671‬ﺹ‪.672‬‬
‫‪58‬‬
‫ﺘﺒﻭﺃﺕ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺇﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ)‪922-648‬ﻩ‪1517-1250/‬ﻡ( ﻤﻜﺎﻨﺔ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ)‪ ،(1‬ﻓﻜﺎﻨـﺕ‬
‫ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ)‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻴﻤﺭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺴﻼﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻴﺭﻴﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﻭﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺌﻬﻡ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﻴﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻭل ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻤﺭﺩﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﺎﺩ ﺴﻼﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺘﻭﺠﻬﻬﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ )‪ ،(3‬ﻭﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺯ )‪.(4‬‬

‫ﺤﻘﻘﺕ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺒﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤـﺎﻨﻲ ﺴـﻠﻴﻡ ∗ﺍﻷﻭل )‪926-918‬ﻩ‪1520-1512/‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﻋﺎﻡ)‪922‬ﻫـ‪1516/‬ﻡ( ﺍﻨﺘﺼﺎﺭﹰﺍ ﺒﺎﻫﺭﹰﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺭﺝ ﺩﺍﺒﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻑ ﺤﻠﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﺜﻡ ﺘﺤﺭﻜﺕ ﺠﻨﻭﺒﹰﺎ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻭﻝﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻭﺼﻠﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋـﺎﻡ )‪922‬ﻫــ‪1516/‬ﻡ()‪.(5‬‬
‫ﻭﻝﻌﺒﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺩﻭﺭﹰﺍ ﻫﺎﻤﹰﺎ ﺇﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﻅﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺴﻨﺠﻘﹰﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻝـﻭﺍﺀ ﻓـﻲ‬

‫ﻭﻻﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺅﻜﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻤـﺎ ﺫﻜـﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝـﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜـﻲ ﺃﻭﻝﻴـﺎ ﺠﻠﺒـﻲ ﺍﻝـﺫﻱ ﺯﺍﺭﻫـﺎ ﻋـﺎﻡ‬
‫)‪1059‬ﻫـ‪1649/‬ﻡ( " ﻭﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﺎﻤﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻬﺎ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒل ﺯﺍﻫﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺩ ﺍﻨﺘﻘﻠﺕ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪922‬ﻫـ‬
‫ﻝﺤﻜﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﻝﺴﻨﺠﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺒﻊ ﻝﻭﻻﻴﺔ ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ " )‪.(6‬‬

‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺴﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻜـﻡ‪ ،‬ﻜـﺎﻥ ﺃﺒـﺭﺯﻫﻡ ﺁل‬
‫ﺭﻀﻭﺍﻥ )‪ ،(7‬ﻭﺍﻨﺤﺩﺭ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺴل ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ∗ﻗﺭﻩ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ )ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ( )‪ ،(8‬ﻭﻜـﺎﻥ ﺒﺭﺘﺒـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﺴﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻲ∗ﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻨﻭﻨﻲ )‪974-926‬ﻩ ‪1566-1520/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻗـﺩ ﻋـﻴﻥ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .32‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.186‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.58‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .37‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،188‬ﺹ‪ .189‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.58‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .37‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.58‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻨﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺫﻴل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،379‬ﺹ‪ .380‬ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻴﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،29‬ﺹ‪ .305‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒـﺎﺯ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،48‬ﺹ‪.49‬‬

‫)‪ (5‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،40‬ﺹ‪ .41‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .161‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.13‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .81‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.380‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .164‬ﻭﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒـﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.69‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .21‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪16‬‬
‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻝﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪ (8‬ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .164‬ﻭﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒـﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.69‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .23‬ﺍﻭﺯﺘﻭﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻴﻠﻤﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺡ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.354‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ .396‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺸﺫﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،10‬ﺹ‪.549‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫‪59‬‬
 ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻜﻤﹰﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺨﻠﻔـﻪ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻜـﻡ ﺍﺒﻨـﻪ ﺭﻀـﻭﺍﻥ )ﺕ‪993‬ﻫــ ‪1585/‬ﻡ(‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻤﺘﺩ ﺤﻜﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﺴﺭﺓ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪1101‬ﻫـ‪1690/‬ﻡ( ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻁﺎﻉ ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺅﻫﺎ‬ ‫)‪963‬ﻫــ‪1556/‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﺤﻔﻅ ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻅﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺭﺘﻘﻭﺍ ﺒﺎﻝﻠﻭﺍﺀ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩﻫﻡ ﻋﻤﺭﺍﻨﻴﹰﺎ )‪.(3‬‬

‫ﺴﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻨﺴﻴﺔ ﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﻏـﺯﺓ ﺒﻌـﺩ ﺍﺤـﺘﻼل ﺨـﺎﻥ ﻴـﻭﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻤﻜـﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺌـﺩ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻨﺴـﻲ‬
‫ﺠﺎﻥ∗ﻜﻠﻴﺒﺭ)ﺕ‪1214‬ﻩ‪1800/‬ـﻡ( ﻤﻥ ﺍﺤﺘﻼﻝﻬﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪1213‬ﻫـ‪1799/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﺭﺡ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻨﺴﻴﻭﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﹰﺍ‬

‫ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻝﻤﺎ ﺘﻭﻓﺭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﺨﺼﺒﺔ ﻭﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻋﺫﺒﺔ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻭﺼﻔﻬﺎ ﻨﺎﺒﻠﻴﻭﻥ ﺒﻭﻨﺎﺒﺭﺕ )ﺕ ‪1235‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬
‫‪1821‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻫﻡ ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺒﺤﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻗﺎل ﻋﻨﻬﺎ "ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﺨﻔﺭ ﺃﻤﺎﻤﻲ ﻹﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴـﺎ ﻭﺒـﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺁﺴﻴﺎ )‪.(5‬‬

‫)‪(1‬ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.164‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.23‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.125‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.23‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺴﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻜﻠﻴﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪2725‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .331‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.180‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺤﺠﺎﺝ‪ ،‬ﻋﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻜل ﻤﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .595‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .369‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .45‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.180‬‬
‫‪60‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻅﺎﻫﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫‪61‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻅﺎﻫﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺼﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺤﻅﻴﺕ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﺘﺤﺼﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﻌﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺘﻤﺜﻠﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﻭﻋﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘل ﻭﺴﻁ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺴﻬﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻗل ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻋﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﺘﺸﺒﻪ ﺠﺯﻴﺭﺓ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﻭﺴﻁ ﻤﺠﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﻗﺩﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﻔﻬﺎ ﺤﺯﺍﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻁﻭﻝﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻋﹰﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺭﻕ‪ ،‬ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﻭﺍﺯﻴﺎﻥ ﻝﺴﺎﺤل ﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝـﺭﻭﻡ "ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴـﻁ"‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﺘﻤﺜل ﺍﻝﺤﺯﺍﻡ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺒﻲ ﺒﻨﻁﺎﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﻤﺎل ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻊ ﻭﺒﻌﻴﺩ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺭﻤﺎل ﺨﺸﻨﺔ‬
‫"ﻜﺭﻜﺎﺭ " ﻭﻁﻴﻥ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻊ ﻋﻥ ﺴﻁﺢ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﻭﺘﻌﻠﻭﻩ ﺘﻼل‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﺤﺯﺍﻤﻴﻥ ﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻭﻤﻭﻀﻊ ﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻭﻕ ﺤﺯﺍﻡ ﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﺃﻗل ﺍﻨﺨﻔﺎﻀﹰﺎ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻭﻓﺭ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﻓﺎﻉ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ )‪ .(1‬ﻭﺇﻝﻰ ﺠﺎﻨـﺏ ﻫـﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺼﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺤﻅﻴﺕ ﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺩ ﺴﻌﻰ ﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺘـﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﺇﻗﺎﻤـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺼﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻝﺤﻤﺎﻴﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﺘﻜﺘﻔﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺘﻤﺜـل ﻓـﻲ ﻗﻠﻌـﺔ ﻏـﺯﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺴﻭﺭﻫﺎ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(3‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴـﺒﺎﻫﻲ ﺯﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﺎﺭ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻗﻠﻌﺔ ﺼﻐﻴﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﺜل ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﺘﻭﺴﻊ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜﻲ ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺼﻔﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺒﻨﻴﺕ ﻤﻨﺫ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻡ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﺤﺩﺩ‬
‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻨﺎﺌﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺃﻀﺎﻑ ﺃﻥ ﻨﺒﻭﺨﺫ∗ ﻨﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ )ﺕ‪562‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ( ﺤﺎﻜﻡ ﺍﻻﻤﺒﺭﺍﻁﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﺩﻤﺭﻫﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺒﻨﻲ ﺤﺼﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺸﻜل ﻤﺭﺒﻊ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺸﺎﻁﺊ ﺒﺤـﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺸﻴﺩﺕ ﺠﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺤﺼﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﻋﺸﺭﻴﻥ ﻴﺎﺭ∗ﺩﺓ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﻝﻘﻴـﺎﺱ ﺍﻝﻁـﻭل‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻝﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﺘﺠﻪ ﻨﺤﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﻠﺔ )‪.(5‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.27‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .239‬ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .249‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.18‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﺒﺎﻫﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﻀﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.484‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.425‬‬
‫∗ ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﺼﻠﻭﺍﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻴﺎﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .3456‬ﺼﺎﻝﺢ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩﺍﻝﻌﺯﻴﺯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.546‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪-:‬ﻨﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺒﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪546‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.76‬‬
‫‪62‬‬
 ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻘﺘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺜﻤﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻷﻋﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﻭﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺤﻔﻅ ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻊ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻀﻤﻨﺕ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻝﻠﺠﻨﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺘﺭﺘﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻅﻠﻭﺍ ﺩﻭﻤﹰﺎ ﻤﺭﺍﺒﻁﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺼﻥ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻫﺒﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﻝﻭﻗﻭﻋﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺨﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺸﺎﺌﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻭﻴﺔ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﺭﻀـﻪ ﻝﻠﺨﻁـﺭ ﺒﺎﺴـﺘﻤﺭﺍﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻏﻁﻴﺕ ﻤﻨﺎﺯﻝﻬﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺘﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﺤﺘﻭﺕ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﻭﻋﻨﺎﺒﺭ ﻝﻠﺤﻨﻁـﺔ ﻭﻝﺴـﺎﺌﺭ ﺃﻨـﻭﺍﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺒﻭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺅﻥ ﻭﻤﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻝﻸﺴﻠﺤﺔ)‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻤﺩﺍﻓﻊ ﻤﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﻤﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺒﻜل ﻤﺎ ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺫﺨﺎﺌﺭ)‪.(3‬‬

‫ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻷﺴﻭﺍﺭ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺃﺤﺎﻁ ﺍﻝﻜﻨﻌﺎﻨﻴﻭﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﺴﻭﺭ ﻝﺤﻤﺎﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻗﺒل ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺁﻻﻑ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻗﺒل‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺃﻗﺎﻤﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩ)‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺤﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻴﺩ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺹ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪13‬ﻫـ‪634/‬ﻡ(‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠـل‬ ‫ﺴﺎﺤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺤﺼﻭﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﺎﻁﺎﺕ∗ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﺤﺼﻨﺔ ﻴﻜﺜﺭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺒﻁﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺘﻭﻁﻴﺩ ﺃﻗﺩﺍﻤﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪ ،(7‬ﻭﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺴﻔﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ)‪.(8‬‬

‫ﻝﻡ ﻴﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ )ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻊ ﻫﺠﺭﻱ \ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ( ﺍﻝﺴﻭﺭ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻝـﺭﻏﻡ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺴﻭﻯ ﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪695‬ﻫـ‪1296/‬ﻡ( ﺤﻴﺙ ﻨﻔﻰ ﻭﺠـﻭﺩ ﺴـﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻝﻬﺎ)‪.(10‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻥ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻁﻪ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻭﺤﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪779‬ﻫـ\‪1377‬ﻡ( )‪،(11‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﺒﺩﻭ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻭﺭ ﻗﺩ ﻫﺩﻡ ﻷﻨﻪ ﻻ ﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﻐـﺭﺽ ﺍﻝـﺫﻱ ﺃﻗـﻴﻡ ﻷﺠﻠـﻪ )‪ ،(12‬ﻝـﺫﻝﻙ ﻝـﻡ ﻴـﺫﻜﺭﻩ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .76‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.283‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.76‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،77‬ﺹ‪.78‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.122‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .122‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.10‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪-:‬ﺍﻝﺸﻨﺘﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،16‬ﺹ‪.5080‬ﺤﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺤﺴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺼﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.100‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .122‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.10‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.10‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.122‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.10‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .376‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.33‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.233‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻁﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .44‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .51‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤـﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.171‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.7‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.102‬‬
‫‪63‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ )‪.(4‬ﻭﻴﺅﻜﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻬـﺩﻡ‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﺒﺎﻫﻲ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻭﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺃﺤﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻨﺴﻴﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪1054‬ﻫـ‪1644/‬ﻡ( ﺒـﺄﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ ﻏﻴـﺭ‬
‫ﻤﺴﻭﺭﺓ )‪ (5‬ﺒل ﻴﺤﺎﻓﻅ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺒﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺎﺭﻴﺱ ﻭ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺤﻜﺎﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﺒﻴﺔ )‪.(6‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻓﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ‬

‫ﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭﺕ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﻌﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻓﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻁﻠﻴﻌﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺍﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ)‪،(7‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺸﻬﺩﺕ ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﺯﺩﻴﺎﺩﹰﺍ ﻤﻠﺤﻭﻅﹰﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻫﺘﻤـﺎﻤﻬﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﻤـﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻻﺴـﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﻭﺼل ﻋﺩﺩﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺃﺼﻨﺎﻓﻬﺎ ﻝﺘﺄﻜﻴﺩ ﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻤﻜﺎﻨﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻻﺴﻼﻤﻲ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺍﺌل ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺴﺒﻌﻴﻥ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﹰﺎ ﻭﻤﺴﺠﺩﹰﺍ‪ ،‬ﺍﺤﺘﻭﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺤﺎﺭﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺠﺎﻤﻌـﹰﺎ‬
‫ﺘﻘﺎﻡ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻗﻭل ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ)‪ ،(9‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺍﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻴﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.98‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.119‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﺒﺎﻫﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﻀﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.484‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.425‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .103‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.43‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.43‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .233‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻁﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .44‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.98‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒـﺩﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.42‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .266‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .26‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.249‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .68‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .375‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺴﻴﺴـﺎﻝﻡ ﻋﺼـﺎﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .6‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.378‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.288‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .85‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .81‬ﺍﻵﻏـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴـل‪ ،‬ﻤـﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.369‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .103‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .380‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.43‬‬
‫‪64‬‬
 ‫ﺃ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬

‫ﺴﻤﻲ ﺒﺎﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺏ )‪ ،(2‬ﻭﺒﺎﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻷﻨـﻪ ﺃﻜﺒﺭﻫـﺎ ﻤﺴـﺎﺤ ﹰﺔ‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺃﻗﻴﻤﺕ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ ﺃﻗﺩﻡ ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻁﻼﻕ)‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠﻤل ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻭﺒﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﻤﺴﺔ )‪ ،(6‬ﻭﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﻌﺔ )‪ ،(7‬ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ "ﻭﻫﻭ ﻝﻠﻤﺤﺎﺴﻥ ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﻭﻓﻠﻙ ﺤﺴﻨﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺒﻪ ﻗﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺭﺓ ﻁﺎﻝﻊ ")‪.(8‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﻘﻊ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺴﻁ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪ ،(9‬ﻭﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩﹰﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺝ )‪ ،(10‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺼل‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺘﺼﻑ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻝﻠﻤﻴﻼﺩ )‪ ،(13‬ﻭﻅل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺭﺩﺤﹰﺎ‬ ‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺒﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻴﻭﻥ‬ ‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .435‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .195-194‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﻋﺜﻤـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤـﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.30‬‬
‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .234‬ﺤﺠﺎﺝ‪ ،‬ﻋﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .597‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.368‬ﺃﺒـﻭ ﺍﻝﺴـﻌﻭﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.174‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .569‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،95‬ﺹ‪.101‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌـﺎﻝﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .123‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .140‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.121‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.348‬‬
‫)‪(3‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .408‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.26‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .121‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .375‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴـﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤـﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤـﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .174‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.26‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .101‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.123‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .121‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .375‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .174‬ﺃﺒـﻭ ﻫﺎﺸـﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒـﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .26‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .101‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.123‬‬
‫)‪ (6‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .101‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪123‬‬
‫)‪(7‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .435‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪121‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.72‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .234‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .174‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.123‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .348‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.26‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .408‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .195‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .368‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸـﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،26‬ﺹ‪ .27‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .569‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼـﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴـﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝـﻭﺍﺀ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .31‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.382‬‬
‫)‪(12‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .408‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .195‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪،26‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .27‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.95‬‬
‫)‪(13‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.569‬‬
‫‪65‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺯﻤﻥ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺘﺤﻭل ﺇﻝﻰ ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺒﻤﻭﺠﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻜﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺃﺠﺭﺍﻩ ﻓﺎﺘﺢ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺒـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺹ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻴﺤﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﻭﺇﺨﻭﺍﻨﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺒﻘﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ )‪.(1‬‬

‫ﻭﺘﺄﻝﻑ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﻤﻥ ﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺜﻼﺜﻴﻥ ﻋﻤﻭﺩﹰﺍ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺨﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺴﻁﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﺘﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻨﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺭﺘﻔﻊ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺴﻁﻪ ﻗﺒﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﻤﻭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻐﺭﺒﻲ)‪،(2‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﻀﻴﻑ ﻝﻪ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﺎﻡ)‪13‬ﻫـ‪634/‬ﻡ( ﺼﻑ ﺨﻴﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻨﻲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﺤـﺭﺍﺏ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﻤﻨﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ ﺒﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺘﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺸـﺒﺎﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺸـﻤﺎﻝﻴﺎﻥ)‪ ،(3‬ﻭﺫﻜـﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ "ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ" ﺃﻥ ﻝﻠﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﺃﺒﻭﺍﺏ ﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ )‪.(4‬‬

‫ﻭﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﻘﻭﺵ ﺃﺒﺭﺯﻫﺎ ﻤﺎ ﻨﻘﺵ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺤﺩ ﺸﺒﺎﺒﻴﻙ ﺍﻹﻴﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻁﻌـﺔ‬
‫ﻨﻘﺵ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺨﺎﻡ ﺘﺭﺠﻊ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺴﻠﻁﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻌﻴﻥ ﺘﻌﻠـﻭ ﺍﻝﺒـﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠـﻭﻱ ﻝﻠﺒﻭﺍﺒـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻝﻨﻘﺵ ﺸﻜﻭﻯ ﺃﻫﺎﻝﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺘﻌﺭﻀﻭﺍ ﻝـﻪ ﻨﺘﻴﺠـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻀﺭﺍﺌﺏ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻓﺭﻀﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﺭﻭﻋﻬﻡ ﻭﻜﺭﻭﻤﻬﻡ ﺇﺒﺎﻥ ﺴﻠﻁﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ ∗ﻓﺭﺝ ﺒﻥ ﺒﺭﻗـﻭﻕ )‪-801‬‬

‫‪815‬ﻩ\‪1412-1399‬ﻡ( ﻭﻤﻁﺎﻝﺒﺘﻬﻡ ﺒﺈﺒﻁﺎﻝﻬﺎ )‪.(5‬‬

‫ﻭﺤﻅﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺒﻌﻨﺎﻴﺔ ﻓﺎﺌﻘﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻴﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻨﺸﺄ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﺤﺴـﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻨﺼﻭﺭ∗ﻻﺠﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺌﺫﻨﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪690‬ﻩ\‪1291‬ﻡ()‪ ،(6‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻀـﺎﻑ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻗﻼﻭﻭﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪730‬ﻫـ\‪1330-1329‬ﻡ( )‪.(7‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.352‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.26‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،26‬ﺹ‪.27‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.195‬‬
‫ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﻝﻴل‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .520‬ﺍﻝﺴﺨﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻀﻭﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،6‬ﺹ‪.168‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.236‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .238‬ﺒﺭﻴـل‪ ،‬ﺃ‪.‬ﺠـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤـﻭﺠﺯ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،28‬ﺹ‪-8704‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫‪.8705‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .27‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.123‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .235‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.27‬‬
‫‪66‬‬
 ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻝﺤﺠﻡ ﻭﻤﺘﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻨﺎﺀ )‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻴﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺸـﺠﺎﻋﻴﺔ )‪،(3‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻤﻲ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﺒﺎﻨﻴﻪ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ )ﺕ‪805‬ﻩ‪ 1402/‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﺭﺠﺎل ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻥ ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺎ ﺩﻴﻨﺎ ﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺒﺼﻴﺭﺍ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺒﺈﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﻓﻬﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺭ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﻑ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻲ ﺃﻗﺒﻐﺎ ﺍﻝﻁﻭﻝﻭﺘﻤﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻜﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭﻱ ﺒﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺭﺠﺏ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪802‬ﻩ‪1404/‬ﻡ()‪.(5‬‬

‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﺃﺼﻠﻪ ﻤـﻥ ﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴـﻙ ﺍﻝﺴـﻠﻁﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﻗﺒﺭ "ﻴﻠﺨﺠﺎ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﺭﺠل ﺼﺎﻝﺢ‬
‫ﺒﺭﻗﻭﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺩﻓﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪850‬ﻫـ‪1446/‬ﻡ()‪ ،(7‬ﻭﺃﻭﻗﻔﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﻑ ﻝﻺﻨﻔﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ)‪.(8‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﻅﻬﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻜل )‪ (1‬ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪77‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .437‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .195‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫـﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.125‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .376‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .72‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .101‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .73‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .124‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.140‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.125‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .73‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .363‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .124‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.363‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.125‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .73‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .124‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .140‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.363‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .437‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.125‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﺎﺠﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .72‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .124‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.365‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .72‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.365‬‬
‫)‪ (6‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ ﺹ‪ ،73‬ﺹ‪ .72‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.363‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.363‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.364‬‬
‫‪67‬‬
 ‫ﺸﻜل )‪ (1‬ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪68‬‬
 ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻭﻝﻲ‬

‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺃﻨﺸﺄﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺴﻨﺠﺭ∗ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻭﻝﻲ ﻨﺎﺌﺏ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻴﺔ ﺒﻐﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺘﻭﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ )‪745-711‬ﻩ‪1345-1311/‬ﻡ()‪ ،(3‬ﻭﺃﺸﺎﺭ ﻝﺤﺴـﻨﻪ ﻭﺠﻤﺎﻝـﻪ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝـﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴـﻲ‬

‫ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻁﻪ )‪ ،(6‬ﻭﺃﻀﺎﻑ ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺫﺍ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺃﻨﻴﻕ ﻤﺤﻜﻡ ﺍﻝﺼﻨﻌﺔ ﻭﻤﻨﺒﺭﻩ‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺨﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﺒﻴﺽ)‪ ،(7‬ﻭﻋﺎﻤﺭﹰﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻴﺎﻤﻪ )‪ ،(8‬ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺍ" ﻭ ﻭﺍﺴﻌﺎ"‬

‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺨل‪ ،‬ﻝﻜﻨﻪ ﺨﺭﺏ )ﺘﻬﺎﻝﻙ ﻤﻊ ﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﻭﻗﺕ( )‪.(9‬‬

‫)‪(10‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺩ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‬

‫)‪(13‬‬ ‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻴل ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﻭﺍﻤﻊ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻬﺎﻤﺔ ﻭﺃﺘﻘﻨﻬﺎ ﺒﻨﺎﺀﹰﺍ )‪ ،(11‬ﻴﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺘﻭﻥ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .437‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﺍﻝﻌﻭﺍﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺠﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻬﺫﺏ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .44‬ﺍﻝـﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .249‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .95‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .181‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .73‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .157‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .7‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .38‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.210‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.375‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،15‬ﺹ‪.473‬ﻋﻁﺎﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪،224‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .181‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.157‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.148‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.233‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻁﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .44‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .249‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .65‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .157‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .7‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.210‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻁﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .44‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺍﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .26‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.65‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .157‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .7‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.210‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .437‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ ،65‬ﺹ‪ .66‬ﻗﺎﺠـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.157‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .195‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،266‬ﺹ‪ .376‬ﺃﺒـﻭ ﺍﻝﺴـﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤـﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤـﺩﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .171‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .60‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .567‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.124‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .181‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.356‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.195‬‬
‫)‪(13‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.124‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،366‬ﺹ‪ .367‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.60‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .567‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.356‬‬
‫‪69‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺒﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ)‪ ،(1‬ﻭﻴﻌﺘﻘﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺎﺸـﻡ ﺠـﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺴـﻭل ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﺍﻝﺴـﻼﻡ‬
‫ﻤﺩﻓﻭﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ)‪ ،(2‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺭﻯ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻤﺩﻓﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﺭﻀـﻭﺍﻥ∗ ﻭﻝـﻴﺱ ﻓـﻲ ﻫـﺫﺍ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻜﺎﻥ)‪.(3‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﺭﺠﺢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻫﻡ ﺃﻭل ﻤﻥ ﺃﻨﺸﺄ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻴﺭﻯ ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺽ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻲ ﻋﺒـﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻴﺩ ﺍﻷﻭل* ﺒﻨﺎﻩ ﺴﻨﺔ )‪1277-1255‬ﻩ‪1861-1839/‬ﻡ( ‪ 5‬ﻋﺎﻡ )‪1266‬ﻩ‪1850/‬ﻡ( ﺒﻁﻠﺏ ﻤـﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺝ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻴﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻴﻨﻲ )ﺕ‪1295‬ﻩ\‪1878‬ﻡ( ﻤﻔﺘﻲ ﺍﻷﺤﻨـﺎﻑ ﺒﻐـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤل ﻓﻲ ﺒﻨﺎﺌﻪ ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻨﻘﺎﺽ ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻭﻝﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻴﻤﺎﺭﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﺒـﺭﻉ‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺒﻤﺒﺎﻝﻎ ﻭﻓﻴﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻤﻭﺍﻝﻬﻡ ﻝﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻐﺎﻴﺔ)‪ ،(6‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻵﺨﺭ ﻓﻴـﺭﻯ ﺃﻨـﻪ ﺠـﺩﺩﻩ‬

‫ﺒﻤﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﻤﻔﺘﻲ ﺍﻷﺤﻨﺎﻑ ﺒﻐﺯﺓ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺸﻴﺩﹰﺍ ﻗﺒل ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻭﻗﺕ)‪.(8‬‬

‫ﻭﺘﻅﻬﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻜل )‪ :(2‬ﻤﺌﺫﻨﺔ ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺩ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ .‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.17‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،366‬ﺹ‪.376‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .435‬ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .46‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .19‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .226‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ )‪ .(247 -245‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.356‬‬
‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﻝﻪ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.356‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.124‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .60‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.569‬‬
‫* ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺘﻘﻲ‪ ،‬ﺸﻔﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .477‬ﺼﻠﻭﺍﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻴﺎﺴﻴﻥ ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪2385-2384‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪60‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.357‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .195‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.60‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.376‬‬
‫‪70‬‬
 ‫ﺸﻜل )‪ :(2‬ﻤﺌﺫﻨﺔ ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺩ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﻌﺔ‬

‫ﺨﻠﻑ ﺍﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﻤﻰ ﺴﺎﻗﻴﺔ∗ ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻤﻴﺔ )‪،(4‬‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬

‫ﻴﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺎﺡ )‪(2‬ﺒﺎﻝﻘﺭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺴﻭﻕ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﻌﺔ‬

‫ﺴﻤﻲ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻷﻥ ﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺘﻘﺎﻡ ﺒﻪ )‪ ،(5‬ﻭﺼﻑ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ )ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ( ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﻭﺍﺴﻊ ﻭ ﺠﺩﻴﺩ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .86‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .43‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺃﺒـﻭ‬
‫ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.185‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.375‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،86‬ﺹ‪ .87‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒـﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴـﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.185‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺼﻠﻭﺍﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻴﺎﺴﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.1958‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.185‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .87‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.185‬‬
‫‪71‬‬
‫ﻭﺠﻤﻴل‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﻗﺩ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻨﺎﺅﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻬﻨﺩﺴﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻭﺩﻤﺸﻕ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ ﻜل ﻤﺎ ﻝﺩﻴﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻓﻥ ﻭﻤﻘـﺩﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺇﺒﺩﺍﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻨﺎﺌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺯﻭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﻗﺕ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﺒﻤﺌﺫﻨﺔ ﻋﺎﻝﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺘﻘﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﻨﻊ ﻝﻬﺎ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺃﺭﻭﻗﺔ)‪.(1‬‬

‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻓﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ‪:‬‬

‫ﺏ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﻤﺯﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬

‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻗﺎﻤﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻀﺭﺤﺔ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻁـﺭﻕ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝـﺔ‬

‫ﺒﺸﻜل ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺯﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ‪:‬‬

‫)‪(2‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ∗ ﺍﻷﻭﺯﺍﻋﻲ )‪157‬ﻫـ‪774/‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﺒﺠﻭﺍﺭ ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺩ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ)‪ ،(4‬ﻭ ﻗﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﻗﺎﻨﺼـﻭﻩ∗ ﺍﻝﻐـﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻴﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺝ‬

‫)‪922-906‬ﻩ‪1516-1501/‬ﻡ( )‪ ،(5‬ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺴﺠﺩﹰﺍ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻨﺩﺜﺭ ﻭﺘﺤﻭل ﻝﻤﻘﺒﺭﺓ ﻭﻤﺯﺍﺭ)‪ ،(6‬ﺯﺍﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻊ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ)‪ ،(7‬ﻭﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝﻘـﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜـﺎﻤﻥ ﻋﺸـﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ)‪ ،(8‬ﻭﻭﺼﻑ ﺤﺩﻴﻘﺘﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﻔﻭﻓﺔ ﺒﻌﺩﺓ ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ )‪.(9‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .87‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.82‬‬
‫∗ ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪.339‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .435‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .222‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤـﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.376‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .191‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.377‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.291‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻡ‪ .‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .377‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.222‬‬
‫ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻴﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺒﺩﺍﺌﻊ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .404‬ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻜﻭﺍﻜﺏ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺼﺹ‪ .294‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.187‬‬

‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .435‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .222‬ﺃﺒـﻭ ﻫﺎﺸـﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒـﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴـﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.191‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .222‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.377‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.414‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.435‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .435‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .222‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.191‬‬
‫‪72‬‬
 ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﺠﻠﻴﻥ )ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‬

‫ﺴﻤﻲ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻋﺠﻠﻴﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻋﺭﻗﻭﺏ ﺒﻥ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻴل* )‪ ،(2‬ﻭ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺸﻬﺭ‬

‫ﺼﻔﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪671‬ﻩ‪1272/‬ﻡ( )‪ .(3‬ﻭﻴﺭﻯ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺭﺨﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﻝﻴﺎﺱ ﺒﻥ ﺴﺎﺒﻕ ﺒﻥ ﺨﻀﺭ ﺃﻤﺭ‬
‫ﺒﺈﻨﺸﺎﺀﻩ*)‪ ،(4‬ﻓﻲ ﺤﻴﻥ ﻴﺭﻯ ﻋﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻻ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻝﻪ ﺒﺎﻝﺒﻨﺎﺀ )‪.(5‬‬

‫ﻭ ﻨﻘﺵ ﻓﻭﻕ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺴﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻤﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ)‪،(6‬‬

‫ﻭﺁﻴﺎﺕ ﻗﺭﺁﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺒﺴﻡ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻴﻡ " ﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﻤﺭ ﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻤﻥ ﺁﻤﻥ ﺒﺎﷲ ﻭﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻵﺨـﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺁﺘﻰ ﺍﻝﺯﻜﺎﺓ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﺨﺵ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ " )‪.(7‬‬

‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺩ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ)‪:(8‬‬

‫ﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻭل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺴـﻼﻡ )‪ (10‬ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻨﺴﺒﺕ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫)‪(9‬‬

‫ﺴﻤﻲ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﻤﻨﺎﻑ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .440‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .224‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤـﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.376‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.193‬‬
‫* ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﻝﻪ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .440‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.224‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .193‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.378‬‬
‫* ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﻝﻪ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .193‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.224‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.378‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.224‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻡ‪ .‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .224‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .193‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.378‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .435‬ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .71‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.226‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .413‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .46‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤـﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ ،26‬ﺹ‪ .29‬ﺍﻨﻅـﺭ‬
‫ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .34‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .226‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .43‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .366‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .568‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .6‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .480‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .375‬ﺍﻷﺸﻘﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴـﺎﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘـﻭﺡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .138‬ﺠﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.209‬‬
‫)‪ (10‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .413‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .435‬ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .71‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤـﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،1‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .29‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .226‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .43‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠـﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .567‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .480‬ﺍﻷﺸﻘﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺎﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .138‬ﺠﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.176‬‬
‫‪73‬‬
‫ﺒﺠﻭﺍﺭ ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺩ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﻝﻑ ﺍﻝﺫﻜﺭ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻴﻘﺎل‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﺭﻩ )‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻴﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺝ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺭ ﻤﺘﺼل ﺒﻤﻐﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﻭﺃﻭﻻﺩﻩ )‪.(5‬‬

‫ﺕ‪ -‬ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ )ﺕ‪59‬ﻫـ‪678/‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻔﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺤﻭل ﺍﻝﺸﺨﺹ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻓﻭﻥ ﺒﻪ ﻓﻘﻴل ﻗﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﻲ ﻋﺒﺩﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ∗ ﺒﻥ ﺼﺨﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ‬
‫ﺒﺄﺒﻲ ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ )‪ ،(6‬ﻭﻗﻴل ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﻲ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﺭﺡ )ﺕ‪36‬ﻫـ‪656/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻴل ﻗﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﻲ‬

‫ﺃﺒﻲ ﻗﺭﺼﺎﻓﺔ∗ ﺍﻝﻜﻨﺎﻨﻲ )ﺕ‪83‬ﻫـ‪702/‬ﻡ( )‪ .(7‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺯﺍﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﻑ ﻗﻴﺘﺒﺎﻱ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺭﺤﻠﺘﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪882‬ﻫـ‪1477/‬ﻡ()‪ ،(8‬ﻭﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ ﻴﺸﺒﻙ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﺍﺩﺍﺭ ﺭﻏﻡ ﻋﺩﻡ ﻗﻨﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﻗﺒـﺭ ﺃﺒـﻲ‬
‫ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ ؛ ﻷﻨﻪ ﻤﺎﺕ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺩﻓﻥ ﺒﻬﺎ)‪.(9‬‬

‫)‪(1‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .413‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .435‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤـﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .29‬ﺍﻨﻅـﺭ ﺃﻴﻀـﹰﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .19‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .226‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .43‬ﺍﻝﻌـﺭﺍﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.480‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﻭﻗل‪ ،‬ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .159‬ﺍﻻﺼﻁﺨﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.58‬ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .148‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،4‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .202‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.435‬ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .46‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .29‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺤﻜـﻴﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .19‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .226‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،245‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .50‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .366‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴـﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .6‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .375‬ﺍﻷﺸﻘﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺎﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .183‬ﺠﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.176‬‬
‫ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .209‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.34‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .43‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .366‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .567‬ﺍﻷﺸﻘﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺎﻤﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.138‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .226‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .366‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .171‬ﺸـﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.567‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .435‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.383‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪-:‬ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺠﻴﺭﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .375‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.308‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪70‬‬

‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﺠﺎ ﺍﻝﺤﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .70‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.74‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﻋﻁﺎﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.226‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،226‬ﺹ‪.227‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.227‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﺠﺎ ﺍﻝﺤﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.70‬‬
‫‪74‬‬
 ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺙ‪ -‬ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻁﻴﺔ* )ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‬

‫ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺴﺠﺩﺍ ﺜﻡ ﺘﺤﻭل ﻝﻤﺯﺍﺭ )‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻭﻝﺩ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ )‪ ،(3‬ﻭﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻗﺒﺭ ﺒﻨﺕ ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﺨﺎﺩﻤـﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻁﻴﺔ )‪.(4‬‬

‫ﺝ‪ -‬ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺸﻤﺱ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﻡ )ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ( )‪:(5‬‬

‫ﻤﻥ ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺎﺭﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺩﻡ ﻝﻐﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺫﺭﻴﺘﻪ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﻌﺘﻘﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺒﺎ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﻡ ﻫـﻭ ﺸﻤﺸـﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻴﺤﻴﻰ ﺍﻝﺸﻬﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻭﻗﺕ )ﺕ ‪1171‬ﻫـ‪1757/‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺠﺎﺀ ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺭﺍﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺼﻑ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﻤﺴﺘﻘل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻗﺒﺔ ﻤﻌﻘـﻭﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﺤﺠﺎﺭﺓ )‪.(7‬‬

‫ﺡ‪ -‬ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭﻗﻁﻭﻥ )ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ( )‪:(8‬‬

‫ﻴﻘﻊ ﺒﺩﺍﺨل ﺴﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﺴﻭﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﺤﺘﻭﻯ ﻗﺒﺭ ﻜﺘﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ " ﻫﺫﺍ ﻗﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﻴﺭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻼﺀ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺤﺩ ﺃﺌﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻴﻑ)‪.(10‬‬ ‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭﻗﻁﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﻤﺎﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﺩﻱ"‬

‫* ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻁﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﻝﻪ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .440‬ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .71‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .377‬ﺃﺒـﻭ‬
‫ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .192‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.383‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .440‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .377‬ﺃﺒـﻭ ﻫﺎﺸـﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒـﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴـﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.192‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.377‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .440‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .377‬ﺃﺒـﻭ ﻫﺎﺸـﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒـﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴـﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.192‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،439‬ﺹ ‪ .440‬ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .71‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.376‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.193‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .440‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .193‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .383‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.377‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.193‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .71‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺹ‪ .377‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.193‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.383‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.193‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.71‬‬
‫‪75‬‬
 ‫ﺥ‪ -‬ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﻐﺼﻴﻥ )ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ( )‪:(1‬‬

‫ﻴﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺝ )‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺩﻓﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﻐﺼﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺃﻭﻻﺩﻩ ﻭﺫﺭﻴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻜﺭ‬

‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺯﺍﺭﻩ ﻭﻗﺭﺃ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺘﺤﺔ ﻝﻪ)‪.(3‬‬

‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺭﻭﺍﻥ )ﺕ ‪715‬ﻩ‪1315/‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺩ‪-‬‬

‫ﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻻﺸﺒﻴﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺴﺘﻭﻁﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺘﻭﻓﻲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼـﻑ ﻋﺒـﺩ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺯﺍﺭﻩ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪1101‬ﻫـ‪ 1690/‬ﻡ( )‪(5‬ﺒﺄﻥ "ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻗﺒﺔ ﻤﺭﻓﻭﻋـﺔ ﻭﻋﻤـﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻤﻭﻀﻭﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻪ ﻜﺭﺍﻤﺎﺕ ﻤﺫﻜﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﺨﻭﺍﺭﻕ ﻤﺸﻬﻭﺭﺓ" )‪.(6‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﻅﻬﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻜل )‪ (3‬ﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻘﺒﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺭﻭﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺹ‪.291‬‬

‫ﺸﻜل )‪ (3‬ﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻘﺒﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺭﻭﺍﻥ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.434‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺹ‪.299‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.434‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .434‬ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .71‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.101‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺹ‪.254‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،435‬ﺹ‪ .436‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺹ‪.254‬‬
‫‪76‬‬
 ‫ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺠﺎﺭﻱ )ﺕ‪805‬ﻩ‪1402/‬ﻡ(‪:‬‬ ‫ﺫ‪-‬‬

‫ﻭﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﺎﺤﺏ ﻜﺭﺍﻤﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﺭ ﻗﺒﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻨﻪ ﻴﻘﻊ "ﻓﻲ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻘل‪،‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻗﺒﺔ ﻭﻋﻤﺎﺭﺓ " )‪.(1‬‬

‫ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺠﺎﻥ)ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪:‬‬ ‫ﺭ‪-‬‬

‫ﻭﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﺎﺤﺏ ﻜﺭﺍﻤﺎﺕ ﻤﺸﻬﻭﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﺭ ﻗﺒﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ )‪.(2‬‬

‫ﺯ‪ -‬ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺘﻤﺭﺘﺎﺸﻲ)ﺕ‪1004‬ﻫـ‪1596/‬ﻡ(‪:‬‬

‫ﻀﻡ ﻗﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﻤﺭﺘﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻨﻑ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ "ﺘﻨﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻷﺒﺼﺎﺭ ﻭﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺎﺭ " ﻭﻗﺒـﻭﺭ ﺃﻭﻻﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺠﺩﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺯﺍﺭ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻨﻬﻡ ﺠﻤﻴﻌﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺸﺎﻴﺦ ﺍﻹﺴـﻼﻡ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻴﻔﺘﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺫﻫﺏ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻓﻌﻴﺔ )‪.(3‬‬

‫ﺱ‪ -‬ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﺸﻌﺒﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻤﺭﺩﺍﺸﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻱ )ﺕ‪1076‬ﻩ‪1665/‬ﻡ( )‪:(4‬‬

‫ﻴﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺝ )‪ ،(5‬ﺯﺍﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﻭﻭﺼﻑ ﻤﻜﺎﻨﻪ ﺒﺄﻨﻪ "ﻤﻌﻤـﻭﺭ ﺒـﺄﻨﻭﺍﻉ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺤﻀﻭﺭ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻝﻁﻴﻔﺔ ﻭﻗﺒﺔ ﻤﻨﻴﻔﺔ" )‪.(6‬‬

‫ﺵ‪ -‬ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻷﻨﺩﻝﺴﻲ )ﺕ‪759‬ﻩ‪1357/‬ﻡ(‪:‬‬

‫ﻤﻥ ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺎﺭﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﻡ ﻴﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﺴﻭﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻜـﺎﻥ ﻤﺴـﺘﻘل‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﻝﻴﺱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻗﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺤﻭﻝﻪ ﻋﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻗﺩﻴﻤﺔ )‪.(7‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.436‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.437‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.438‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.440‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺹ‪.290‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.440‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.440‬‬
‫‪77‬‬
 ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ -‬ﻗﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻓﺭﺝ )ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‬

‫ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺴﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻗﺒﺔ ﻝﻁﻴﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﻤـﺎﺭﺓ ﻁﻭﻴﻠـﺔ‬

‫ﺤﻭﻝﻪ)‪.(2‬‬

‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺽ‪ -‬ﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻑ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻱ)ﺕ‪874‬ﻩ‪1475/‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﻴﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺝ)‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻜﺘﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺭ " ﻫﺫﺍ ﻗﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﻴﺭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒـﻥ ﻁﺭﻴـﻑ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺠﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻔﻭ ﻝﺭﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﺘﻭﻓﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺨﻤﻴﺱ ﻋﺸﺭﺓ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺔ ﺴﻨﺔ ‪784‬ﻫـ " )‪.(5‬‬

‫ﺍﺸﺘﻤﻠﺕ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺯﻭﺍﻴﺎ ﺼﻐﻴﺭﺓ ﺃﻁﻠﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﺨﻭﺍﻨﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺃﺼﻐﺭ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺘﺘﺴﻊ ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﻝﻌﺩﺩ ﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺼﻭﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺯﻫﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻀﻡ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻏﺭﻓﺔ ﻝﻠﺼـﻼﺓ ﻭﻤﺤـﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻀـﺭﻴﺢ ﻷﺤـﺩ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺒﻁﻴﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻝﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﺍﻑ ﺘﻌﻠﻭﻩ ﻗﺒﺔ ﻭﻏﺭﻓﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻏﺭﻓﹰﺎ ﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻝﻀﻴﻭﻑ ﺍﻝﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻓﺭﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻁﻠﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﻝﺘﺤﻔﻴﻅ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺍﻥ)‪.(6‬‬

‫ﺃﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ ﻭﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ ﻝﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺯﻭﺍﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪ ،(7‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﺸﻬﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺤﻤﺩﻴﺔ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺩ ﺃﺒـﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﻴـﺎﻥ∗ ﺃﺤﻤـﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻭﻱ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ )ﺕ‪675‬ﻩ‪1276/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻨﺸﺄﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺘﻤﻭﻥ ﻝﻠﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻭﻴﺔﻋﺎﻡ‬
‫)‪736‬ﻫـ‪1335/‬ﻡ( ﺒﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺤﻤﺩﻴﺔ )‪.(8‬‬

‫)‪(1‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .435‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.17‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.435‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .225‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.192‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .225‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .192‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.377‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.192‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺒﻜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.76‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ ،285‬ﺹ‪ .286‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .42‬ﻋﺒـﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .30‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .379‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.39‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻨﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،7‬ﺹ‪ .253-252‬ﻋﻁﺎﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.238‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺒﻜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.85‬‬
‫‪78‬‬
 ‫ﺝ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻤﺎﺭﺴﺘﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻭ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻴﻘﺼﺩﻩ ﺍﻝﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻁﻠﺒﹰﺎ ﻝﻠﻌﻼﺝ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻷﺴـﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺘـﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻤﺎﺭﺴﺘﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺘﺼﻴﺒﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻤﺎﺭﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺃﻨﺸﺄﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺴﻨﺠﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻭﻝﻲ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪،(2‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﻁﻠﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻔﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﺘﻴﻤﺎﺭﺨﺎﻥ)‪ ،(3‬ﻭﻴﻘﻊ ﺃﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ)‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﺴـﺒﺏ ﺒﻨﺎﺌـﻪ‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻝﻼﻨﻔﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻝﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻜﺎﻨﻪ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ)‪ .(5‬ﻭﺃﻭﻗﻑ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻗﻼﻭﻭﻥ‬

‫ﺩﻜﺎﻜﻴﻥ ﻭﻤﺼﺒﻐﺔ ﻭﻓﺭﻥ ﻭﺤﺼﺼﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺭﻯ ﻭﻤﺯﺍﺭﻉ ﺒﻠﻐﺕ ﺭﻴﻭﻋﻬﺎ )‪ (45394‬ﻤﺴﻜﻭﻜﺔ ﻓﻀـﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺼﻐﻴﺭﺓ ﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﺒﻸﻗﺠﺔ∗ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ )‪.(7‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺴﻤﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻤﺎﺭﺴﺘﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻰ ﻗﺴﻤﻴﻥ ﻤﻨﻔﺼﻠﻴﻥ؛ ﺇﺤﺩﺍﻫﻤﺎ ﻝﻠﺫﻜﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻵﺨﺭ ﻝﻺﻨﺎﺙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺤﺘﻭﻯ ﻜل ﻗﺴﻡ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺘﺨﺼﺹ ﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺭﺍﺽ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﻨـﺎﻙ ﻗﺎﻋـﺔ ﻝﻸﻤـﺭﺍﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺎﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻝﻠﺠﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻭﺜﺎﻝﺜﺔ ﻝﻠﻜﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺃﻁﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻭﻥ )‪ ،(8‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺨﺼﺹ ﻗﺴﻤﹰﺎ ﻤﻨـﻪ ﻝﻤـﺩﺍﻭﺍﺓ‬
‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻤﺭﺍﺽ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺒﻴﺔ)‪ .(9‬ﻭﻅل ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻤﺎﺭﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﻤﺭﹰﺍ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪1215‬ﻩ‪1800/‬ﻡ( ﺤﻴﺙ‬

‫ﺘﻬﺎﻝﻙ ﺇﺒﺎﻥ ﺤﻤﻠﺔ ﻨﺎﺒﻠﻴﻭﻥ ﺒﻭﻨﺎﺒﺭﺕ)‪1214‬ﻩ‪1799 /‬ﻡ( )‪.(10‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ ،285‬ﺹ‪ .286‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .42‬ﻋﺒـﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .30‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ‪:‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.68‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .379‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.39‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .242‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .79‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.157‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.79‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .66‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.157‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.286‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .32‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .242‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.79‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺤﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺤﺴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺼﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.12‬ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.13‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.79‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.79‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .242‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.79‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.243‬‬
‫‪79‬‬
 ‫ﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺃﺸﺎﺭ ﻝﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻴـﺩ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝـﺔ ﻤـﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺘﻭﺕ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ)‪ ،(6‬ﻭﺭﻏﻡ‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺫﻝﻙ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ ﺃﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻻﺒﺘﺩﺍﺌﻴﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻗﻠﻴل )‪.(7‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭﺕ ﻤﺩﺍﺭﺴﻬﺎ ﻤﻨﺫ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻡ ﺒﺘﺩﺭﻴﺱ ﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﺜﻘﺎﻓﺘﻬﻡ )‪ ،(8‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﻋﺩﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻴﺔ‬
‫)‪(10‬‬ ‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻼﻫﻭﺕ∗ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﻘﺎﺌﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺤﺴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻼﻏﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻴﺤﻴﺔ )‪ ،(11‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﻗﻴل ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﻼﺏ ﻴﻘﺼﺩﻭﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻨﺎﻥ ﻝﻠﺘﻌﻠﻡ )‪ ،(12‬ﻭ ﺍﺴـﺘﻌﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﻌﺎﻫـﺩ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﹰﺍ ﺒﻜﻔﺎﺀﺓ ﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﻬﺎ ﻝﻠﺘﺩﺭﻴﺱ ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﺃﺴﻬﻤﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻨﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ)‪.(13‬‬

‫ﺒﺭﺯ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻷﻜﺒﺭ ﻝﻠﻌﻠﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏـﺯﺓ ؛‬
‫ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻝﻘﺕ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻷﺌﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ ﺜﻡ ﻅﻬـﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﻤـﺩﺍﺭﺱ )‪ ،(14‬ﻭﻤـﻥ ﺃﺒـﺭﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭﺕ ﺒﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

‫)‪(1‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .42‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .68‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،5‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .379‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.39‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ ،285‬ﺹ‪.286‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.98‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .42‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.245‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.433‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.30‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .201‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .28‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴـل‪ ،‬ﻤـﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.365‬ﺍﻷﺸـﻬﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.123‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .28‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.365‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.123‬‬
‫)‪(9‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .28‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .365‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .175‬ﺍﻷﺸـﻬﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.123‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .28‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.365‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺼﻠﻭﺍﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻴﺎﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.2991‬ﺯﻗﺯﻭﻕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.1219‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪ (11‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.365‬‬

‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .28‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .175‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.365‬‬
‫)‪(13‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.365‬‬
‫)‪(14‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.28‬‬
‫‪80‬‬
 ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻓﻌﻴﺔ )ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‬

‫ﺃﻨﺸﺄﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺴﻨﺠﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻭﻝﻲ ﺨﻼل ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪.(2‬‬

‫)‪(4‬‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﻁﻭﺍﺸﻲ )‪821‬ﻫـ‪1418/‬ﻡ(‬ ‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﻜﺠﻜﻲ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﺠﺎﻋﻴﺔ )‪ ،(6‬ﺃﻨﺸﺄﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ∗ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻜﺠﻜـﻲ‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬

‫ﺘﻘﻊ ﺒﺠﻭﺍﺭ ﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﻁﻭﺍﺸﻲ‬
‫)ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ( )‪(7‬ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭ ﺒﺭﻗﻭﻕ)‪ ،(8‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﻭﻜﺎﻨـﺕ‬
‫ﺁﻨﺫﺍﻙ ﻤﺴﻜﻥ ﻗﻀﺎﺓ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﻤﻭﻀﻊ ﺤﻜﻤﻬﻡ )‪.(9‬‬

‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺕ‪ -‬ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﺩﺒﻜﻴﺔ)‪859‬ﻫـ‪1455/‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﺘﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﺠﺎﻋﻴﺔ)‪ ،(11‬ﺒﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ ﺒﺭﺩﺒﻙ ﺍﻻﺸﺭﻓﻲ∗ ﺍﻴﻨﺎل ﺍﻝﺩﻭﺍﺩﺍﺭ )ﺕ‪868‬ﻫــ‪1464/‬ﻡ(‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺁﻨﺫﺍﻙ ﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ ﻝﻠﻘﻀﺎﺓ )‪.(12‬‬

‫)‪(13‬‬
‫ﺙ‪ -‬ﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﻑ ﻗﻴﺘﺒﺎﻱ )‪883‬ﻫـ‪1478/‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﺘﻘﻊ ﺒﻭﺴﻁ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﻠﺤﻘﺔ ﺒﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﻗﻴﺘﺒﺎﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺒﺒﻨﺎﺌﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﻑ ﺃﺒﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭ ﻗﺎﻴﺘﺒﺎﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺯﺍﻫﺭﺓ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﺭﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺴـﺘﻤﺭﺕ ﺘـﺅﺩﻱ ﺩﻭﺭﻫـﺎ ﺤﺘـﻰ ﻋـﺎﻡ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .245‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.101‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.245‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .245‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.101‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.83‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .245‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.101‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.83‬‬
‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﻝﻪ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .245‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .101‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.83‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .245‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.83‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.256‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .246‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .101‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪83‬‬
‫)‪ .(11‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.83‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.237‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.83‬‬
‫)‪(13‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .246‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .101‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.83‬‬
‫‪81‬‬
‫)‪1230‬ﻫـ‪1814/‬ﻡ( )‪ ،(1‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻭﺥ ﺍﻝﻠﺫﻴﻥ ﺩﺭﺴﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺸﻌﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻱ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ‬
‫ﺒﺎﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻐﺼﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻱ )ﺕ‪1087‬ﻫـ‪1676/‬ﻡ( )‪ ،(2‬ﻭﺘﻭﻝﻰ ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻤﺔ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﻋـﺎﻡ )‪1211‬ﻩ‪1790/‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﺒﻥ∗ ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ )ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ( ﺍﻝﺸﻬﻴﺭ ﺒﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﻭﻻﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻅﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺒـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺜـﻡ ﺘﻌﺭﻀـﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﻝﻠﺨﺭﺍﺏ ﺒﻔﻌل ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺏ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪1230‬ﻫـ‪1814/‬ﻡ()‪.(3‬‬

‫ﺝ‪ -‬ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﻜﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ )ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‬

‫ﺘﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺘﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺒﺒﻨﺎﺌﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻜﺎﻤل ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ ﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺩل ﺴﻴﻑ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺒﻜﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺃﻴﻭﺏ )‪635-614‬ﻩ‪1238-1218/‬ﻡ( ﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﻜﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﺒﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻝﻘﻴﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﻪ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻭﺴﺎﺌﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻅﻠﺕ ﻗﺎﺌﻤـﺔ ﺤﺘـﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺍﺌل ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻨﺎﺒﻊ ﻭﻗﻔﻬﺎ ‪ 16‬ﻤﺼﺩﺭﹰﺍ ﻭﺭﻴﻊ ﺃﻭﻗﺎﻓﻬﺎ ‪ 3127‬ﻗﺭﺸﹰﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﹰﺎ )‪.(4‬‬

‫ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﻠﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻴﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻬﻡ ﺒﻐﺯﺓ ﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﺒﺴﻴﻁﺔ ﻴﻌﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﺒﺎﺩﺉ ﺍﻝﻠﻐـﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻝﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ ﻜﺎﺌﻨﺔ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺩﺍﺌﺭﺓ ﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔ ﻗﺩﻴﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗـﺩ ﺃﻗﻴﻤـﺕ ﺃﻴﻀـﹰﺎ‬
‫ﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﻝﻠﺒﺭﻭﺘﺴﺘﺎﻨﺕ ﺘﺤﺕ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻴﺔﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻌﺭﻭﻓﺔ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﺨﻭﺍﺠﺎ ﺒﻭﺘﺸﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻌﻠﻡ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﺭﻑ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺤﻭ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻭﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻴﺎﻀﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺃﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻻ ﻴﻘﺒل ﻁﺎﻝﺏ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺼﻠﺢ ﻝﻠﻘـﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬
‫ﺒﻌﺩ ﻴﺸﻤل ﺍﻝﺼﺭﻑ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﺸﺘﺭﻁ ﺃ ﹶ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺴﻴﻁﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﻝﻠﺒﻨﺎﺕ ﺘﺤﺕ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﻤﺼﺭﻑ ﺍﻝﺨﻭﺍﺠﺎ )‪.(5‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.83‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.246‬‬
‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﻝﻪ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.83‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻡ‪ .‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.83‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.201‬‬
‫‪82‬‬
 ‫ﻫـ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻨﺊ‬

‫ﻭﺘﻀﻤﻨﺕ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻨﺊ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺘﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻝﻬﺎ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﺒـل ﺍﻜﺘﻔـﻭﺍ ﺒـﺫﻜﺭ‬

‫ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀﻫﺎ ﻭﻫﻲ‪:‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﺃﻨﺜﻴﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﻤﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﺘﻴﺩﺍ‬

‫ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺯﻫﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ)‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﺴﻤﻪ ﻫﻴﺭﺩﻭﺱ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪ 37‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ ‪ 40-‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ( ﺇﻝﻰ ﺇﺠﺭﻴﺒﺎ )‪،(3‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎﻝﻲ ﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪ ،(4‬ﻴﻘﻊ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﺭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺼﺏ ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻋﺩ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼـﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻤﺎﻨﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻨﺊ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺜﻡ ﺃﺨﺫ ﻴﻨﻤﻭ ﻭﻴﺯﺩﻫﺭ ﻁﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﻘﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺯﻨﻁﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻥ ﺒﻌـﺩﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺴﻁﻰ)‪.(5‬‬

‫)‪(7‬‬ ‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﻤﻴﻭﻤﺎ‬ ‫‪ .2‬ﻤﻴﻤﺎﺱ‬

‫)‪(10‬‬ ‫)‪(9‬‬ ‫)‪(8‬‬

‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺒﻲ ﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﺼﻐﻴﺭ ﺤﺼﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻼ ﻋﻥ ﻋﺴﻘﻼﻥ )‪ ،(12‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﻗﻴﻡ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻤﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﺃﻨﺜﻴﺩﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻤﻴل ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻋﻨﻪ )‪ ،(11‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌﺩ ‪ 20‬ﻤﻴ ﹰ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .356‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .57‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .6‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.183‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.57‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،58‬ﺹ‪ ،59‬ﺹ‪.63‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.6‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،58‬ﺹ‪ ،59‬ﺹ‪.63‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .148‬ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .357‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،8‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .51‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .153‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .57‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝـﻭﺍﺀ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.6‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.57‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .148‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .63‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪34‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.60‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .148‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .63‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪34‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.60‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.357‬‬
‫‪83‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻹﻤﺒﺭﺍﻁﻭﺭ ﻗﺴﻁﻨﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ )‪337-306‬ﻡ( ﻭ ﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﻗﺴﻁﻨﻁﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﺴﻤﻪ ﻨﺴـﺒﺔ ﺇﻝﻴـﻪ )‪،(1‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﺒﺩﻭ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻴﻤﺎﺱ ﻜﻤﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﻝﻐﺯﺓ ﻗﺩ ﺃﺨﺫﺕ ﺘﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻨﻤﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻤﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﺃﻨﺜﻴﺩﻭﻥ ﻓﺄﺼـﺒﺤﺕ‬

‫ﺘﺴﻤﻰ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺏ "ﻤﻴﻤﺎﺱ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ" )‪.(2‬‬

‫ﻭﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﺸﻬﺭﺓ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺍﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻤﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ ﻭﺃﺼﺒﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻨﺊ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭ ﺒﺘﺼﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻴﺫ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻏﺭﺏ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺒﺎ )‪ ،(3‬ﻭﺃﺴﻬﻡ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺭﺌﻴﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺒﺎﺩل ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺤﻤﻠﺕ ﺍﻝﺴﻔﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻀﺎﺌﻊ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﺼـﻨﻭﻋﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﻝـﻰ‬
‫ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ)‪.(4‬‬

‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺭﻏﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻜﺭﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻤﺭﻓﺄ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﻅـﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﻘـﺏ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴﺔ ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺊ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﺤﻘﻕ ﻤﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﺇﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﺠﺩﹰﺍ )‪.(5‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﻅﻬﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻜل )‪ (4‬ﻤﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪ .‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.17‬‬

‫ﺸﻜل )‪ (4‬ﻤﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﻡ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .124‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.130‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪61‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.63‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.124‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺨﻁﻁ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.149‬‬
‫‪84‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻹﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ‬

‫‪85‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺼل ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻹﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻹﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺘﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻹﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻭﺭﺩﺘﻬﺎ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺤﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﺠﻬﺩﹰﺍ ﻜﺒﻴـﺭﹰﺍ ﻝﻌـﺩﻡ‬
‫ﺘﻭﺍﻓﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺠل ﺍﻝﻨﺸﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ‪،‬ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺘﻁﻠـﺏ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻤـﻴﻡ ﻓـﻲ ﺒﻌـﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺤﻴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻨﻅﺭﹰﺍ ﻝﺼﻐﺭ ﺤﺠﻡ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﻤﺩﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻗﺭﺍﻫﺎ ﻤﻊ ﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻘـﻭﺓ ﺭﻭﺍﺒـﻁ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺘﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻨﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻅﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﻝﺘﺸﺎﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﻅﻭﺍﻫﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻁﻥ ﻤﺤﺩﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﻜﺎﻡ )‪.(1‬‬

‫ﺃ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻘﺎﻝﻴﺩ‬

‫ﺃﺸﺎﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ ﺒﻜﺭﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺴﻤﺎﺤﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﻁﻴﺏ ﻋﻴﺸﻬﻡ)‪ ،(2‬ﻭﺃﻜﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻤـﻥ ﻋـﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺘﻘﺎﻝﻴﺩ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺯﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﻀﻰ ﻭﺘﺸﻴﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﺠﻨـﺎﺌﺯ ﻭﺃﻀـﺎﻑ "… ﻗﺒـﻭﺭﻫﻡ‬

‫ﻤﺴﻨﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻤﺸﻭﻥ ﺨﻠﻑ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺎﺌﺯ… ﻭﻴﺨﺭﺠﻭﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺎﺒﺭ ﻝﺨﺘﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺃﻴـﺎﻡ ﻓـﻲ ﺤـﺎﻻﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﻓﺎﺓ")‪.(3‬‬

‫ﻭﺩﺭﺝ ﺃﻫل ﻏﺯﺓ ﻜﻐﻴﺭﻫﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻨﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﻨﺎﺩﻴل‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺸـﺎﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﺒﻘﻭﻝﻪ‪" :‬ﻭﺭﺴﻭﻤﻬﻡ ﺃﻨﻬﻡ ﻴﻭﻗﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻨﺎﺩﻴل ﻓﻲ ﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩﻫﻡ ﻭﻴﻌﻠﻘﻭﻨﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﺴﻼﺴل ﻤﺜل ﻤﻜﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﻜل ﻗﺼﺒﺔ ﺒﻴﺕ ﻤﺎل ﺒﺎﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﻤﻌﻠﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﻤﺩﺓ")‪.(4‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.66‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ ﺹ‪.75‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .166‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.77‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪ .165‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.77‬‬
‫‪86‬‬
 ‫ﺏ‪ .‬ﺍﻻﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻌﺘﻘﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺅﻯ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﺎﻝﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺘﻘﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺅﻯ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺜل ﻜﺭﺍﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺎﻴﺦ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻝﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﻗﺩﺭﺘﻬﻡ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺘﻴﺎﻥ ﺒﺨﻭﺍﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻭﺼﻑ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺨﻴﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺒﻥ‬
‫)‪.(1‬‬
‫ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺠﺎﻥ ﺒﺄﻨﻬﻡ ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ ﻜﺭﺍﻤﺎﺕ ﻤﺸﻬﻭﺭﺓ‬

‫ﺕ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﻠﺒﺎﺱ‬

‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯﺕ ﻤﻼﺒﺴﻬﻡ ﻜﻐﻴﺭﻫﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﺒﺴﺎﻁﺔ ﻭﻴﺅﻜﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ ﺤﻴﺙ‬
‫ﻗﺎل "ﻝﻬﻡ ﺘﺠﻤل ﻴﻠﺒﺴﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻴﺔ ﻜل ﻋﺎﻝﻡ ﻭﺠﺎﻫل ﻭﻻ ﻴﺘﺨﻔﻔﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺼـﻴﻑ ﺇﻨﻤـﺎ ﻫـﻲ ﻨﻌـﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺎﻕ")‪.(2‬‬

‫ﻼ ﺍﺭﺘﺩﻯ ﺃﻫـل ﺍﻝﺫﻤـﺔ‬

‫ﻭﺍﺨﺘﻠﻔﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺒﺎﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﺎﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻬﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺘﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻋﻥ ﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ" ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻭﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻤﻨﺤـﺕ ﻝﻬـﻡ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ)‪ ،(3‬ﻭ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻨﺴﺎ ‪‬ﺀ ﻭﺭﺠﺎ ﹰ‬
‫ﻻ ﻝﺒﺴﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻨﻭﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺤﺯﻤﺔ ﺘﻭﻀﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﻁﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻝﺒﺴـﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﺴـﺘﻌﻴﺽ ﻋﻨﻬـﺎ‬
‫ﺒﻠـﺒﺱ ﺍﻝﺯﻨـﺎﻨﻴﺭ؛ ﻝﻴﺴﻬل ﺍﻝﺘﻤﻴﻴﺯ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻝﺯﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺒﻠـﺒﺱ ﺍﻝﺯﻨـﺎﻨﻴﺭ ﺫﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻠﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺼﻔﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﺎﻤﺭﺓ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻠﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺤﻤﺭ)‪.(4‬‬

‫ﻭﻭﺼﻑ ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ ﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺃﺒﺭﺯﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺜﻭﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﺒﻠﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻗﻤﻴﺹ ﻁﻭﻴل ﻤﻥ ﺨـﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺤﺭﻴﺭ)‪ ،(5‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﺭﻭﺍل ﺘﺤﺕ ﺍﻝﺜﻭﺏ ﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨﹰﺎ )‪ ،(6‬ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻨﺒﺭ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻏﻁﺎﺀ ﻝﻠﻭﺠﻪ ﻴﺼﻨﻊ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻭﻨﻪ‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،436‬ﺹ‪.437‬‬

‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .166‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪76‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .147‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻁﺎﻫﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .85‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴـﺎﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪76‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ ﺝ‪ ،13‬ﺹ‪.378‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .197‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.159‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﺎﻁﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .198‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.160‬‬
‫‪87‬‬
‫ﺍﺴﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﺒﺴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺭﺠﻠﻬﻥ ﺍﻝﺼﺭﺍﻤﻲ ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺭﺍﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﺨﻔﻭﻑ )‪ ،(1‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺠـﺎل ﻓﻘـﺩ ﻝـﺒﺱ ﺭﺠـﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺒﺩﻻﺕ ﺠﻭﺥ ﻭﻁﺭﺍﺒﻴﺵ ﻤﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﻌﻤﻡ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻘﺩﻤﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻥ ﺒﻌﻤﺎﻤﺔ ﺴﻭﺩﺍﺀ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﻓﺘﻌﻤﻤﻭﺍ ﺒﻌﻤﺎﻤﺔ ﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺒﺎﺏ ﺒﻜﻭﻓﻴﺔ )‪.(2‬‬

‫ﺙ‪ .‬ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﺩ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﺩ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺩ ﺍﺤﺘﻔل ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻜﻤﺜل ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﻴﺩ ﺍﻷﻀﺤﻰ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻁﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﺎﺭﻜﻴﻥ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﺫﻜﺭﻯ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻭﻡ ﻋﺎﺸﻭﺭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﺍﺝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺼﻑ ﻤﻥ ﺸـﻌﺒﺎﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻭﻝﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻭﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺭﺒﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻭل ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﺤﻭل ﻀﺭﻴﺢ ﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬
‫ﻫﺎﺸﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﻤﻨﺎﻑ)‪.(3‬‬

‫ﻭﺘﻤﻴﺯﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﻤﻭﺍﺴﻡ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺘﻤﺜﻠﺕ ﺏ "ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺃﻴﻭﺏ" ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺸﻬﺭ ﻨﻴﺴﺎﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺭﺠﺢ ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺽ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﺏ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺎﺩ ﺃﻫل ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺄﻜﻠﻭﺍ ﺤـﻼﻭﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﻥ ﻴﺨﺭﺠﻭﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺎﺀ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﺎﺀ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﻝﻼﺴﺘﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﹰﺍ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺃﻴﻭﺏ ﺍﻏﺘﺴل ﻓﻲ‬

‫ﻤﺜل ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﻭﺸﻔﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺭﻀﻪ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺤﻀﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻴـﻭﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﺎﺀ ﻤﺴﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ‪ 20‬ﻨﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﻏﺭﺒﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪1875‬ﻡ )‪.(5‬‬

‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺤﻴـﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻌﻘﺏ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺎﺀ ﺃﻴﻭﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ "ﺍﻝﺨﻤﻴﺱ" ﻤﻭﺴﻤﹰﺎ ﺁﺨﺭ ﺴﻤﻲ ﺏ "ﺨﻤﻴﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﺎﺭ"‬
‫ﻴﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﻫل ﻏﺯﺓ ﻝﻤﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻠﺔ ﺸﺭﻗﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻴﺯﻋﻤﻭﻥ ﺍﻨﻪ ﻤـﻥ‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .197‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.159‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﺎﻁﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .198‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.160‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،376‬ﺹ‪.377‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﺎﻁﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .204‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،376‬ﺹ‪ .377‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴـﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺴـﻴﺎﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪165‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﺎﻁﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .204‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪165‬‬
‫)‪ (6‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﺎﻁﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.205‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،376‬ﺹ‪.377‬‬
‫‪88‬‬
‫ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﻴﻤﻥ ﺘﻀﺎﻴﻕ ﻤﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻓﻁﺎﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻭﺴﻜﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻤﺤل‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻤﺎ ﻤﺎﺕ ﺩﻓﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻭ ﺃﻗﻴﻡ‬
‫ﻝﻪ ﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﻭﻤﺯﺍﺭ ﻴﻘﺼﺩﻩ ﺍﻝﺯﻭﺍﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻨﺤﺎﺀ ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻌﺘﻘﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻁﺭﺍﻨﹰﺎ ﺼﺎﻝﺤﹰﺎ ﻭﻨﻘﻴﹸﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺨﺭﺝ ﻭﺴﻜﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ )‪.(1‬‬

‫ﺝ‪ .‬ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻔﺎﻻﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺡ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺌﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻭﺘﻌﺩ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻔﺎﻻﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺡ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺌﻠﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺒﺭﺯ ﻤﺎ ﺘﻤﻴﺯﺕ ﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ﻝﺩﻯ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﺫﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺭﻏﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻭﺼﻠﺕ ﻋﻨﻬـﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻨـﻪ‬
‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﹰﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻭﺭﺩ ﻝﺩﻯ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺴﺎﻁﻠﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻭل ﻤﺭﺍﺤل ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﺱ ﺘﺒﺩﺃ ﺒﺎﻝﺨﻁﻭﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻔﺕ ﺒﺎﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﺎﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﻠﻤﺴـﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻝﻌﺒـﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺒﺔ ﺩﻭﺭﹰﺍ ﻜﺒﻴـﺭﹰﺍ ﻓـﻲ ﺇﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﻬﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﻤﺢ ﻝﻬﺎ ﺩﺨﻭل ﺍﻝﺒﻴـﻭﺕ ﻭﺍﻹﻁــﻼﻉ ﻋﻠــﻰ‬
‫ﺃﺴﺭﺍﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻭﻓﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﺘﺎﺓ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺸﺭﻁ ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺽ )‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﻜـﻥ‬
‫ﺭﺃﻱ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺎﺓ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﺢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺸﺭﻴﻙ ﺤﻴﺎﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺒـل ﻅل ﺭﺃﻱ ﻭﺍﻝﺩﻫﺎ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻷﻫﻡ)‪.(3‬‬

‫ﺘﺄﺘﻲ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻫـﻲ ﻋﻘﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺍﻥ؛ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺘﻭﺠﻪ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻗﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﻌـﺭﻴﺱ ﻝﻁﻠـﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺒﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺒﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻗﺒل ﻴﺘﻔﺎﻭﻀﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻬﺭ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻴﻜﺘﺒﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﺘﻔﺎﻭﺘﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻬﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻴـﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻰ ﺍﺨﺭ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻤﻘﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﺱ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭ ﺘﺄﺘﻲ ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺜﺔ ﻭﻫــﻲ ﺇﻋــﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﺠﻬــﺎﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨـﺎﺹ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﻭﺤﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻨﻘل ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﻨﺯل ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﺱ ﻗﺒل ﺤﻔﻠـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺯﻭﺍﺝ )‪.(5‬‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .205‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ ،165‬ﺹ‪.166‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .202-201‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌـﺽ ﺍﻝـﺒﻼﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪162‬؟‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪163‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪163‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،202‬ﺹ‪ .203‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪163‬‬
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‫ﻭﺘﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺤل ﺒﻤﺭﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﺍﻝﺯﻓﺎﻑ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺒﺩﺃ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺱ ﺒﺴﺒﻌﺔ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺨﻼﻝﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺠـﺎل‬
‫ﻜل ﻝﻴﻠﺔ ﻤﺴﺎﺀ" ﻓﻲ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺴﻭﺩ ﺃﺠﻭﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻗﺹ ﻭ ﺍﻝﻠﻌﺏ ﻭﻤﺎ ﺸﺎﺒﻪ ﺫﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻌﻤل ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻤﺜل ﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺁﺨﺭ)‪.(1‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﺘﻭﺠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻊ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻗﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﺱ ﻹﺤﻀﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻭﺱ ﻭﻫﻥ ﻴﻐﻨـﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻏﺎﻨﻲ ﺒﺄﺼﻭﺍﺕ ﻤﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻤﻜﺜﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻭﺱ ﻤﺩﺓ ﺜﻡ ﻴﺄﺨﺫﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻰ ﺒﻴﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺭﺍﻓﻕ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻷﻏﺎﻨﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺯﻏﺎﺭﻴﺩ)‪.(2‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﺩﻋﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﺱ ﻤﺴﺎﺀ" ﺍﻷﻫـل ﻭﺍﻷﺼﺩﻗﺎﺀ ﻝﻭﻝﻴﻤـﺔ ﻜﺒﻴـﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻜﻭﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺯ ﻭﺍﻝﻠﺤﻡ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻭﻴﺯﻴـﺩ‬
‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ ﺒﻌﻀﺎ" ﺍﻝﺨﻀﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻘﺭﺃ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻔﺎل ﺒﺯﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﺱ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺸﻭﺍﺭﻉ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺤﻴﻁ ﺒﻪ ﺍﻷﻗﺎﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻷﺼﺩﻗﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﻜل ﺠﺎﻨﺏ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻴﺘﻭﺠﻪ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﺱ ﺇﻝـﻰ‬
‫ﻼ ﻓﻲ ﺯﻨﺎﺭﻩ ‘ ﻭﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺴﺎﻥ ﺒﻀﺭﺏ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﺯﻭﺠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻭﻜﺏ ﻜﺒﻴـﺭ ﻭﺍﻀﻌﹰﺎ ﺨﻨﺠﺭﹰﺍ ﻁﻭﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﻋﺭﻭﺴﺘﻪ ﺒﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻝﺨﻨﺠﺭ )ﺒﺸﻜل ﺘﻤﺜﻴﻠﻲ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻘﺎل ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﻴﻔﻌل ﺫﻝﻙ ﻝﺘﻬﺎﺒﻪ ﺩﺍﺌﻤﹰﺎ)‪.(3‬‬

‫ﻭﻴﺠﻬﺯ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻲ ﻝﻌﺭﺴﻪ ﻭﻝﻴﻤﺔ ﻷﺼﺩﻗﺎﺌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻴﻘﺩﻤﻭﻥ ﻝﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼﻝﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻬﺩﺍﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻤﻭﺍل‬
‫ﻼ ﻝﻠﻌﺭﻭﺱ)‪.(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻝﻨﻘﻭﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻨﻘﻭﻁﺎ ﻤﻤﺎﺜ ﹰ‬

‫ﻭﺘﺸﺒﻪ ﻁﻘﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﺱ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻴﺤﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﺜﻴﻼﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ)‪ ،(5‬ﻭﻴﺸﺭﻑ ﺍﻝﺨﻭﺭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺘﻤـﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺭﺍﻓﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔ)‪.(7‬‬ ‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .203‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪163‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.203‬‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .203‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.164‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .203‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.164‬‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.162‬‬
‫)‪ (6‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .202‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.163‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .204‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.164‬‬
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‫ﻭﺍﺤﺘﻔل ﺃﻫﺎﻝﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺒﻁﻬﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﻁﻔل‪ ،‬ﻭﺠﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻗﺎﻤﺔ ﺤﻔل ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻗﺒل ﻴﻭﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﺃﻗل ﺒﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝﺭﻏﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻴﺩﻋﻰ ﺍﻷﻫل ﻭﺍﻷﺼﺩﻗﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺭﻜﺏ ﺍﻝﻁﻔل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺭﺱ ﻭﺘﻀـﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﻁﺒـﻭل‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺼﻭﺍﻓﻴﺭ ﺃﻤﺎﻤﻪ ﻭﻭﺭﺍﺀﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺩﻭﺭ ﺒﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺸﻭﺍﺭﻉ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺃﺯﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻝﻅﻬﺭ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻴﻨﻘل ﺍﻝـﻰ ﻤﺤـل‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻬﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺘﻡ )ﻁﻬﻭﺭﻩ( ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺍﻝﺤﻀﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﻐﺩﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺯل ﻭﺍﻝﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺭﺍﻓﻕ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﺙ ﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨـﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺭﻗﺔ ﻓﻨﻴﺔ ﺘﺠﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺩﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻭل )‪.(1‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﺤﺘﻔل ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻴﺤﻴﻭﻥ ﺒﺘﻌﻤﻴﺩ ﺃﻁﻔﺎﻝﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻵﺤﺎﺩ ﻭﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻅﻬـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﻴﻌﻤـﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﻔـل‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔ ﺜﻡ ﻴﺤﻀﺭﻭﻨﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺤﺘﻔﻠﻭﻥ ﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻘﻴﻤﻭﻥ ﻝﻪ ﺒﻌـﺩ ﺍﻝﻐـﺭﻭﺏ ﺴـﻬﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺸـﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺒﺤﻀﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻫل ﻭﺍﻷﺼﺩﻗﺎﺀ )‪.(2‬‬

‫ﺡ‪ .‬ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ‬

‫ﻝﻡ ﻴﻜﻥ ﻝﻠﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻴﺔ ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺒﺎﻝﻜﺎﺩ ﺘﺠـﺩ ﺍﻤـﺭﺃﺓ‬
‫ﺨﺎﺭﺠﺔ ﻝﻠﺘﻨﺯﻩ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﻤﻨﻌﻬﻥ ﻋﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﺎل ﻭﻴﺴﻤﺢ ﻝﻬﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻤﺭﺘﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ‬

‫ﻭﻫﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺎﺀ ﺃﻴﻭﺏ ﻭ ﺨﻤﻴﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﺎﺭ‪ ،3‬ﻭﻻ ﻴﺴﻤﺢ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻷﺥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺩﺨل ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻴﺕ ﺃﺨﻴﻪ ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻴﻌﻁﻰ ﺨﺒﺭﹰﺍ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺩﺨﻭﻝﻪ‪ ،‬ﻝﻜﻲ ﺘﺘﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻤﺭﺃﺘﻪ ﻭﺒﻨﺎﺘﻪ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﻥ)‪.(4‬‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .204‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.164‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .204‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.164‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .197‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.159‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .198‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.159‬‬
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 ‫‪ .2‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺃ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺜﺭﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﺎﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﻤﻨﺫ ﺃﻗﺩﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﻭﺭ)‪(1‬؛ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻋﺘـﺩﺍل ﻤﻨﺎﺨﻬـﺎ)‪ ،(2‬ﻭﺨﺼـﻭﺒﺔ ﺘﺭﺒﺘﻬـﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ ﻝﺫﻝﻙ )‪ ،(3‬ﻭﺴﻬل ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻕ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺤﻔﺭ ﺍﻵﺒﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﻭﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﻯ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺠﻔﺎﻑ ﺨﻼل ﻓﺼـل‬

‫ﺍﻝﺼﻴﻑ)‪.(4‬‬

‫ﻭﺘﻨﻭﻋﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺼﻴل ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪ ،(5‬ﻭﺃﺒﺩﻉ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺒﻭﺼﻔﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺩ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒـﻪ‬
‫"ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ ﺍﻷﻨﺱ ﺒﺭﺤﻠﺘﻲ ﻝﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ " ﺃﻨﻬﺎ " ﻅل ﻅﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﻭﻨﻌﻭﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻭﺼﺎﻓﻬﺎ ﻤﺘﻨﺎﺴﻘﺔ ﻭﺃﺸـﺠﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻜﺎﻝﻤﺤﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺘﻌﺎﻨﻘﺔ ﻭﺃﺭﺠﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﻤﻭﻓﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺠﺩﺍﻭﻝﻬﺎ ﻤﺘﺭﻓﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺴﻤﺕ ﺒﺎﻝﺤﺴﻥ ﻭﺍﻻﺒﺘﻬﺎﺝ ﻭﻓﺭﺸﺕ ﺃﺭﻀﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﺴﻨﺩﺱ ﻭﺍﻝﺩﻴﺒﺎﺝ ﻭ ﺍﺯﺩﻫﺭﺕ ﺒﻤﺭﺠﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﻴﺞ ﻭﺃﻨﺒﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻜل ﺯﻭﺝ ﺒﻬﻴﺞ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺴﺭﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺭﻭﻀـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﻴﻭﻥ ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻗﺩ ﻓﺎﺡ ﺃﺭﺠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻀﺎﺀﺕ ﺴﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺤﺴﻥ ﺘﻁﺭﻴﺯﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺒﺩﺕ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺯﻴﺘﻬـﺎ ﻤـﺎ ﻫـﻭ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.56‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .60‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.55‬‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .239‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،296‬ﺹ‪ .200‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻁﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴـل‪ ،‬ﺨـﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴـﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .91‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،9‬ﺹ‪ .45‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.106‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒـﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴـﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼـﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .55‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .21‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝـﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .3‬ﺍﻝـﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.672‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .284‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .425‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .19‬ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘـﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒـﻼﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ"‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .40‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .68‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤـﺎﺘﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.172‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .7‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .56‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .379‬ﺘﻭﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﺥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .31‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.674‬‬
‫)‪(5‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .239‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .74‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.200‬‬
‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺜﺎﺒﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺠﻭﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .7‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .250‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .97‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .69‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .12‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .55‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .76‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.7‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.672‬‬
‫‪92‬‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﻠﻁﻑ ﻤﻨﻌﻭﺕ )‪ ،(1‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺨﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ "ﺘﺤﻔﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﺒﺎﺀ ﻭ ﺴـﻠﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺒـﺎﺀ" ﺃﻨﻬـﺎ‬
‫"ﺭﻴﺎﺽ ﺃﺸﺒﻪ ﺒﺎﻝﺠﻨﺎﻥ ﺨﻀﺭﺓ ﻭ ﺒﺎﻝﻐﻴﺎﺽ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﻀﺭﺓ " )‪.(2‬‬

‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺃﻫـﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺩﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺼﻴل ﺍﻝﻐﺫﺍﺌﻴﺔ )ﺍﻝﺤﺒﻭﺏ( ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺩﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﻁﺎﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻝـﻰ‬

‫ﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻋﺒﺭ ﻋﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ ﺒﻘﻭﻝﻪ "ﻭﺃﺭﺍﻀﻴﻬﺎ ﺘﺄﺘﻲ ﺒﻐﻼل ﻴﻔﻭﻕ ﺒﺤﺴـﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺒـﻴﺽ ﺍﻝﻠـﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴـﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﺠـﻡ )‪،(6‬‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻭﻨﻘﻠﻪ ﻏﻼل ﺤﻭﺭﺍﻥ")‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺼﻴل ﺍﻝﻘﻤﺢ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻌﻴﺭ)‪ ،(7‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﻔـﻭل )‪ ،(8‬ﻭﺍﻝﻘﻁـﻥ)‪ ،(9‬ﻭﺍﻝـﺫﺭﺓ)‪ ،(10‬ﻭﺍﻝـﺩﺨﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻔﺎﺼـﻭﻝﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻤﺴـﻡ)‪،(11‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺒﺸﻭﻝﻴﺔ∗‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﻉ)‪.(12‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،52‬ﺹ‪.53‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﻴﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.204‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.98‬‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪199‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺃﺒـﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .25‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝـﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .3‬ﺸـﺭﺍﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .381‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.43‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.381‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫـﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.43‬ﻋﻁـﺎ ﺍﷲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .55‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .25‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .380‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.3‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.200‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒـﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴـﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.25‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .380‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.43‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.176‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.98‬‬
‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﻌﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻝﻬﺎ‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.199‬‬
‫‪93‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻝﻔــﻭﺍﻜﻪ)‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻗـﺩ ﺘﻐﻨـﻰ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝـﺔ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻋﹰﺎ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺸـﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺜﻤﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻭﻥ ﺒﻜﺜﺭﺓ ﺃﺸﺠﺎﺭﻫﺎ )‪ ،(3‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺸﺒﻬﻬﺎ ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ ﺒﺎﻝﺴﻤﺎﻁ "ﺍﻝﻁﻌـﺎﻡ " ﺍﻝﻤﻤـﺩﻭﺩ‬
‫ﻝﻠﺠﻴﺵ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﻝﻠﺩﻻﻝﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜﺜﺭﺘﻬﺎ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺤﺩﻫﺎ ﺴـﺒﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺁﻻﻑ ﻜﺭﻡ ﺘﻐﺭﺱ ﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﻔﻭﺍﻜﻪ)‪.(5‬‬

‫؛ﻷﻥ ﺯﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺸﻜل ﻏﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺀ ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴﹰﺎ ﻝﻠﺴﻜﺎﻥ)‪،(7‬‬ ‫)‪(6‬‬

‫ﻭﻋﺩﺕ ﺸﺠﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺘﻭﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﻷﺸﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺜﻤﺭﺓ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺸﻜل ﺠﺯﺀﹰﺍ ﻤﻥ ﺼﺎﺩﺭﺍﺘﻬﺎ ﻝﻠﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺴـﻨﺫﻜﺭ ﻻﺤﻘـﹰﺎ )‪.(9‬‬ ‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﺒﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺸﺎﻋﺕ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﺃﺸﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﻨﺏ)‪،(10‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻨﺨﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .214‬ﻤﺠﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .74‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺜﺎﺒﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺠﻭﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.7‬ﻋﻁـﺎ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .97‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،248‬ﺹ‪ .250‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.67‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .6‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.377‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.183‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ )‪ .(286- 280‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.42‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .276‬ﻤﺠﻴـﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .74‬ﻜﺒﺭﻴﺕ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .20‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺜﺎﺒﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺠﻭﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.7‬ﻋﻁـﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﻭﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .249‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .69‬ﺼـﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.7‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻨﺨﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .214‬ﻤﺠﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .74‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.97‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،248‬ﺹ‪ .250‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .67‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.102‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .6‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .377‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.183‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻨﺨﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .213‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .248‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،8‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .67‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .6‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.183‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒـﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴـﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.25‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .381‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.378‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .55‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .76‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.25‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .3‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .381‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .88‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.387‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .239‬ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ )‪ .(286- 280‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .404‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .26‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬
‫ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.34‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .97‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .249‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ ،51‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .378‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .176‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .25‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .7‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .209‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ ،376‬ﺹ‪ ،378‬ﺹ‪.381‬‬
‫‪94‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻴﻥ )‪ ،(1‬ﻭﺍﻝﺼﺒﺎﺭ )‪ ،(2‬ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻤـﺎﻥ )‪ ،(3‬ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺸـﻤﺵ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻔـﺎﺡ)‪ ،(4‬ﻭﺍﻝﻠﻴﻤـﻭﻥ )‪ ،(5‬ﻭﺍﻝﻠـﻭﺯ )‪،(6‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺨﻴل)‪ ،(7‬ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺕ )‪(8‬؛ ﻝﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺩﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻘﺯ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻴﺭ)‪ ،(9‬ﻭﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﺯﺭﺍﻋـﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻁـﻴﺦ )‪،(10‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎﻡ)‪.(11‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ )‪ .(286- 280‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .249‬ﺍﻻﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴـل‪ ،‬ﻤـﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .378‬ﺃﺒـﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .172‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .25‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪.7‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.199‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.82‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸـﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫـﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .44‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .25‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.381‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ )‪ .(286- 280‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅـﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒـﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .42‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤـﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.276‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .74‬ﻜﺒﺭﻴﺕ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .20‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .249‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .69‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .102‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼـﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴـﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.7‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.82‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ . ،8‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒـﻴﺽ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .25‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .381‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .239‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .276‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨـﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،2‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .74‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﺒﺎﻫﻲ ﺯﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﻀﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .484‬ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.82‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .26‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.44‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .97‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .249‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ ،51‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .25‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .7‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ ،376‬ﺹ‪ .381‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.209‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .239‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .74‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﺒﺎﻫﻲ ﺯﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﻀﺢ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .484‬ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .413‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴـﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .26‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.44‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .97‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .249‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ ،51‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .25‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .7‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ ،376‬ﺹ‪ .381‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.209‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.43‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.82‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .25‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ ،380‬ﺹ‪.381‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒـﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴـﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.25‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .380‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.43‬‬
‫)‪ (10‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .465‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.98‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.381‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫‪95‬‬
 ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻨﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻝﺨﺎﻤﺱ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﺭﻴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﺃﺸﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﻴﺯ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ "ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﻝﻤﻔﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﻴﺔ" ﻨﻭﻋﺎﻥ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﺼﻐﻴﺭ ﺠـﺩﹰﺍ‬
‫ﺒﺤﺠﻡ ﺤﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻨﺩﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻗﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻘﺸﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺸﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﻼﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﻭﻁﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺘﻤﻴـﺯ ﺒﺤﺠﻤـﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺎﻝﻎ ﻀﻌﻑ ﺤﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻭﻨﻪ ﺍﻷﺸﺩ ﺤﻤﺭ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺘﻭﺭﺩﹰﺍ ﻭﺤﻼﻭ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺃﻗل ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻏﻠﺏ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪.(2‬‬

‫)‪(3‬‬
‫؛ ﻝﺘﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﻤﺜل ﺍﻝﻜﻭﺴـﺎ ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻴـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻨﺘﺸﺭﺕ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﻀﺭﺍﻭﺍﺕ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻨﺩﻭﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺒﻎ ﻝﻜﻨﻪ ﻝﻡ ﻴﻜﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﻏـﻭﺏ )‪ .(4‬ﻭﺍﻫـﺘﻡ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻴـﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺘﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﺎﺤل ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ)‪ ،(6‬ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻷﺤﻤﺭ‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺒﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﻭﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺴﺎﺘﻴﻥ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻷﺒﻴﺽ ﺍﻝﻤﺫﻫﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺭﺠﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﻴﺎﺴﻤﻴﻥ)‪.(7‬‬

‫ﻭﺒﺎﻝﺭﻏﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺘﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ‪،‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻨﻌﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺴﺎﻁﻠﻲ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺒﺄﻥ ﺃﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﻏـﺯﺓ ﻝـﻭ‬
‫ﺤﺼﻠﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﻨﺎﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﻜﺎﻓﻲ ﻷﻨﺘﺠﺕ ﻤﺤﺎﺼﻴل ﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴـﺔ ﺒـﺄﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﻤﺘﻌـﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﻜﻤﻴـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻤﻀﺎﻋﻔﺔ)‪.(8‬‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.378‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.378‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .296‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .98‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.378‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.199‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .239‬ﺍﻝﺒﻠﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺝ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .240‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼـﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪.98‬ﺍﺒـﻥ ﺴـﺒﺎﻫﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﻀـﺢ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .484‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،53‬ﺹ‪ .54‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .97‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .248‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .51‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .378‬ﺃﺒﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .172‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .7‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪،376‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.378‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.34‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .239‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﺒﺎﻫﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﻀﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .484‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁـﺎ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .97‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .248‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.51‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .55‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .76‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .7‬ﺸـﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .377‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.34‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،53‬ﺹ‪.54‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.199‬‬
‫‪96‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻋﺘﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻴﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﻫﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺭﺒﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺸﻲ)‪،(1‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺭ)‪ ،(5‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﺎﻡ ﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻪ ﻜﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﻝﻨﻘل ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻜﺎﻷﻏﻨﺎﻡ)‪ ،(2‬ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎل)‪ ،(3‬ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻴل‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺃﻨﺸﺄﻭﺍ ﻝﻪ ﺃﺒﺭﺍﺠﹰﺎ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﻭﻅﻔﻭﻥ ﻝﻬﻡ ﻤﺭﺘﺒﺎﺕ )‪ ،(6‬ﺒﺎﻹﻀـﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﻫﺎﺠﺭ ﻝﻐﺯﺓ ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﻋﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﻭﺭ ﺘﻐﻨﻰ ﺒﺘﻐﺭﻴﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻠـﻭﻱ )‪ ،(7‬ﻭﻤﺤـﺏ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ )‪.(8‬‬

‫ﺏ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬

‫ﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭﺕ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻭﻥ ﻤﻨﻬـﺎ ﺍﻝﺼـﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺴـﻴﺠﻴﺔ)‪ ،(9‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺴﺎﻁﻠﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺤﺩﻫﺎ ﻤﺌﺘﻲ ﻨﻭل ﻝﻠﻨﺴﺞ)‪ ،(10‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﺸﻬﺭ ﺍﻝﺼـﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻭﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﻤـﺎل)‪ ،(12‬ﻭﺜﻴـﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻔﻼﺤـﻴﻥ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺘـﺎﻥ)‪،(13‬‬ ‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺴﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺀﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺒﺴﻁ)‪ ،(14‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﺭﻭﺝ)‪ ،(15‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﺭﻜﺯﺕ ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻨﺴـﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﺒﻴـﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻴـل ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ)‪.(16‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ .99‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .249‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼـﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴـﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.3‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.378‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻜﺒﺭﻴﺕ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.20‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .88‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.382‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.408‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.465‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.115‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﻠﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺝ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.240‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻤﺤﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.41‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺒﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﺠﺎﻨﺏ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .311‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .88‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .74‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.387‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪199‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.74‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.175‬‬
‫)‪(13‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪199‬‬
‫)‪(14‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.175‬‬
‫)‪(15‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ .82 ،8‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .103‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .380‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.43‬‬
‫)‪(16‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪199‬‬
‫‪97‬‬
‫ﻭﻨﺸﻁﺕ ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻐﺫﺍﺌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺯﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺘﻭﻥ )‪(1‬؛ﻨﻅﺭﹰﺍ ﻝﻜﺜﺭﺓ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﺃﺸﺠﺎﺭ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎل )‪.(4‬‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺘﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺭﺍﻀﻴﻬﺎ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺴﺎﺒﻘﺎ)‪ ،(2‬ﻭﺼﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺌﺽ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﺼﺭ‬

‫ﻭﺘﻀﻡ ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻐﺫﺍﺌﻴﺔ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻴﺫ )‪ ،(5‬ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺭﺥ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻴـﺎﺱ ﻀـﻤﻥ ﺘﻔﺎﺼـﻴل‬
‫ﻅﺭﻭﻑ ﺴﻔﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﻑ ﺸﻌﺒﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ )‪778-764‬ﻫـ‪/‬‬
‫‪ 1376-1362‬ﻡ( ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﺎﻡ )‪778‬ﻫـ‪1376/‬ﻡ( ﻓﻘﺎل "ﺃﺸﻴﻊ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺤﻤـل ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻴـﺫ ﺍﻝﻐـﺯﺍﻭﻱ‬

‫ﻤﻌﻪ")‪.(6‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻨﺘﺸﺭﺕ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﺒﻭﻥ ؛ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺘﻭﻓﺭ ﺯﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺘﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻁﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺘﻭﻓﺭ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻘﻠـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻴﺒﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻭ ﺒﺄﺴﻌﺎﺭ ﺭﺨﻴﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻭﺠﺩ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻤﻌﻤﻼﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﻝﻠﺼﺎﺒﻭﻥ )‪.(7‬‬

‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺭﻜﺯﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺸﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻌﺩﻨﻴﺔ ﻜﺎﻝﺤﺩﻴﺩﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺤﺎﺴﻴﺔ )‪ ،(8‬ﻭﺍﻝﺼﻴﺎﻏﺔ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ)‪ ،(10‬ﻭ ﻤﺎﺭﺱ ﺃﻫﻠﻬـﺎ ﺼـﻨﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻨـﺎﺀ )‪ ،(11‬ﻭﺼـﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﺯﺠـﺎﺝ)‪ ،(12‬ﻭﺍﻝﻜﺒﺭﻴـﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺴﺠﺎﻴﺭ)‪.(13‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.88‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .25‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.381‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.378‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .55‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .76‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.25‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .3‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .381‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.88‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .25‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.381‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .88‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.382‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪88‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪88‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .88‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.387‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪199‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ 199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.74‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪199‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪199‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ .82 ،8‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .103‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .380‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.43‬‬
‫)‪(13‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺒﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﺠﺎﻨﺏ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.311‬‬
‫‪98‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺍﺭﺜﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻋﺭﻓﺘﻬـﺎ ﻏـﺯﺓ)‪،(3‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻔﺨﺎﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻭﺘﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺯﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫؛ ﻨﻅﺭﹰﺍ ﻝﺘﻭﻓﺭ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭﺕ ﺒﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﺴﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻴﺯ ﺒﺠﻭﺩﺘﻪ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻤﺎ ﺠﻌل ﺍﻝﻔﺨﺎﺭ ﻤﺘﻴﻨﹰﺎ )‪ ،(5‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ ﺍﺤﺘـﻭﺕ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
‫ﻼ ﻝﻌﻤل ﺍﻝﻔﺨﺎﺭ)‪ ،(6‬ﻭﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭﺕ ﺒﺼﻨﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﻋﺎﺌﻠﺔ ﺒﻠﺒل‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺼﺩﺭ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﺍﻝﻤـﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻘـﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺃﺭﺒﻌﻴﻥ ﻤﻌﻤ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ )‪.(7‬‬

‫ﺝ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬

‫)‪(9‬‬ ‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﺩ ﻜﺎﻨـﺕ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺯ ﺒﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺜﻴﻘﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺃﻫﺎﻝﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺘﺒﻁ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ‬
‫)‪(11‬‬ ‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘـﻲ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺼﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻭﻤﺴﺘﻁﺭﻗﹸﺎ ﻝﻠﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺯ ﻭﺠل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ )‪.(12‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.175‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪199‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .83‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ .82 ،8‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .103‬ﺸـﺭﺍﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .380‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.43‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.377‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.377‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪199‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.377‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.366‬‬
‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺼﻁﺨﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .58‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﻭﻗل‪ ،‬ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .159‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﺒﺎﻫﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﻀﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .484‬ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤـﻭﺍﻨﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.5‬‬
‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .50‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.98‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .6‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .375‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨـﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.209‬‬
‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.34‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺍﺭﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﺼﺎﻝﺢ‪ ،‬ﻁﺭﻕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.66‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .19‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .366‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.172‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌـﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .94‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.32‬‬
‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .19‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .366‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.172‬‬
‫‪99‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺨﺭﺝ ﻝﻠﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺒﻐﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻭﺠﻬﺎﺀ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ﻭﻤﻜﺔ ﺃﻤﺜﺎل ﺸﺎﻋﺭ ﺍﻝﻁﺎﺌﻑ ﺃﻤﻴﺔ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ∗ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﺕ‬
‫ﻭﻫﺎﺸﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﻤﻨﺎﻑ)‪(2‬ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺘﻭﻓﻲ ﺒﻬﺎ )‪ ،(3‬ﻭ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺏ ﺍﻝـﺫﻱ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺜﻘﻔﻲ )ﺕ ‪5‬ﻩ‪626/‬ﻡ(‬
‫ﻼ ﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﹸﺎ)‪.(5‬‬
‫ﻭﻜﺴﺏ ﻤﻜﺎﺴﺏ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ﻤﺒﺭﻁﺴﹰﺎ ؛ ﺃﻱ ﻭﻜﻴ ﹸ‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺃﻴﺴﺭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬

‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭﹰﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻌﺏ ﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﺭﺒﻁ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺒﺎﺭﺯﹰﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻨﺸﺎﻁﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺨﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺨﺎﺭﺠﻲ)‪ (7‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺒﺭﺯ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﻤﺔ‬

‫ﻜﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻤﺎ∗ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﻝﻤﺼﺭ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﺵ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﺴﻁﺎﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺒﻼﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻕ)‪.(9‬‬

‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.220‬ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪ ، ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪23‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .29‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.42‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .244‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .334‬ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .425‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .29‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،245‬ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .42‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .366‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.32‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .244‬ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .433‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .29‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝـﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .245‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .366‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.32‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﺒﺎﻫﻲ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﻀﺢ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .484‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .29‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀـﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝـﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .247‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ ،50‬ﺹ‪ .51‬ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .366‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.98‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .375‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .209‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.34‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .29‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.6‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .330‬ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .148‬ﺍﻝﻘﺯﻭﻴﻨـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺁﺜـﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .227‬ﺍﺒـﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻁـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،1‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.44‬ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .233‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻜﺏ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ .37‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻁـﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴـل‪ ،‬ﺨـﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴـﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .91‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.247‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ ،51‬ﺹ‪ .88‬ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺠﻨﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .209‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .17‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .21‬ﺼـﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.98‬ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺼﺩﻴﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .86‬ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .122‬ﺍﻷﺸﻘﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺎﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .138‬ﺍﻝﻀـﻤﻭﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .95‬ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.661‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .330‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .47‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻁﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴـل‪ ،‬ﺨـﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴـﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.91‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .88‬ﺤﺠﺎﺝ‪ ،‬ﻋﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻜل ﻤﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.595‬ﺍﻝﻀﻤﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.95‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.37‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪.256-255‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﺽ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻁﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.439‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ)‪.(37-36‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.93‬‬
‫‪100‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺴﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﺘﻘﺩﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺼـﻨﺎﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘـﻭﺍﻓﺭ ﺍﻝﺜـﺭﻭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﻴﺔ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭﻨﺎ ﺴﺎﺒﻘﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻤﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻜﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻨﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺨﻠﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺤﺭﺍﺴـﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻁﺭﻕ )‪.(1‬‬

‫ﻭﻋﺭﻑ ﺃﻫل ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﺨﺒﺭﺘﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺘﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﻴﺩﻭﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻬﺎﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺩﻫﻡ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻗﻭل ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ )‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺤﻘﻘﻭﺍ ﺃﺭﺒﺎﺡ ﺠﺯﻴﻠﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻋﻤﻠﻬﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ )‪.(3‬‬

‫)‪(4‬‬
‫؛ﻭﻋﻤـﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﻗﺎﻓﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺞ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺭﺍﻀﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻭﺩﺘﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺠـﺎﺯ‬
‫ﺴﻠﻁﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻋﺸﺎﺌﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﻤﺎﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﺘﻘﻠﻴل ﻤـﻥ ﺤـﺎﻻﺕ ﻭﻅـﺭﻭﻑ‬
‫ﻫﺠﻤﺎﺘﻬﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺭﻑ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺘﺴﻠﻜﻪ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻓﻠﺔ )ﺒﺎﻝﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﺼـﺤﺭﻭﺍﻱ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺴـﺎﻋﺩ ﺍﻨﺘﻅـﺎﻡ‬

‫ﻭﺼﻭل ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﻓل ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﻝﻐﺯﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭ ﺃﺴﻭﺍﻗﻬﺎ ﻭﺘﺠﺎﺭﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ )‪.(5‬‬

‫ﻭﺭﺒﻁﺕ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ ﺒﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺼﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺴـﻬﻤﺕ ﺒﺸـﻜل‬
‫ﺭﺌﻴﺱ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺼﻭل ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ ﺒﻜل ﻴﺴﺭ ﻭﺴﻬﻭﻝﺔ ﻭ ﻭﻓـﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﻭﻗـﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻤﺜﻠـﺕ‬
‫ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ – ﺒﺌﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﺒﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﺯﺓ – ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل )‪.(6‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﺭﺘﺒﻁﺕ ﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ ﺒﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ؛ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﻨﻅﺭ ﻝﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬
‫ﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﻝﻠﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺘﺼﺎل ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺍﺼل ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺌﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ )‪ ،(7‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪199‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84-83‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ .82 ،8‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌـﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.103‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .380‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.43‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ .69 ،8‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،3‬ﺹ‪ .425‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.33‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.33‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .47‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.173‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .29‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .106‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.62‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .93‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .158‬ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝـﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .37‬ﺭﺸـﻴﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.40‬‬
‫‪101‬‬
 ‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺒـﻥ ﺸـﺎﻫﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸـﻨﺩﻱ‬ ‫‪ -1‬ﺨﻁ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻤﺭ ﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﺘﺩﻭﺭ ﺤﻭل ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﺤـﺩﺓ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﺘﺒـﻴﻥ‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺠﺩﺍﻭل ﺍﻵﺘﻴﺔ ﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻝﻜل ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﺩﺍ‪.‬‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ :(5‬ﺨﻁ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﻗﻠﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﺒل‬
‫ﺴﺭﻴﺎﻗﻭﺱ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺒﻠﺒﻴﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻌﺩﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻗﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻴﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺌﺭ ﻋﻔﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻘﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺤﺒﻭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺍﺒﻰ‬
‫ﻗﻁﻴﺎ‬
‫ﺼﺒﻴﺨﺔ – ﻨﺨﻠﺔ ﻤﻌﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻴﻠﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻭﺍﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﺍﺭﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺒﺌﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻀﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﺵ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺯﻋﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺭﻓﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ )‪ .(191-189‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.107‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ)‪ .(378-375‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.108‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،118‬ﺹ‪ .119‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.109‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.110‬‬
‫‪102‬‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ :(6‬ﺨﻁ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﻗﻠﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺴﺭﻴﺎﻗﻭﺱ‬
‫ﺒﺌﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺒﻠﺒﻴﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻴﺩﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻴﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺌﺭ ﻋﻔﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺼﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺤﺒﻭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺍﺒﻰ‬
‫ﻗﻁﻴﺎ‬
‫ﺼﺒﻴﺨﺔ – ﻨﺨﻠﺔ ﻤﻌﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻴﻠﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻭﺍﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﺍﺭﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺒﺌﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻀﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﺵ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺯﻋﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺭﻓﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭﻭﻡ‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ‬

‫‪103‬‬
 ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ :(7‬ﺨﻁ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺍﺒﻲ‬
‫ﻗﻁﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻤﻌﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻴﻠﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻭﺍﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﺍﺭﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺒﺌﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻀﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﺵ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺯﻋﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺭﻓﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻏﺯﺓ‬

‫ﻭﺃﻀﺎﻑ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺘﻀﻤﻨﺕ ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻝﺘﺯﻭﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻓﺭﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﺨﻴل ﻭﺍﻝـﺩﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻠـﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺤﺘﻭﻯ ﻤﻌﻅﻤﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻝﻨﺯﻭل ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻓﺭﻴﻥ ﻭﻤﺴﺠﺩﺍ ﻝﻠﺼﻼﺓ )‪.(1‬‬

‫)‪(4‬‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅـﺎﻫﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‬ ‫‪ -2‬ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ – ﺩﻤﺸـﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‬

‫ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ًﻓﻲ ﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻤﺭ ﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﺘﺩﻭﺭ ﺤﻭل ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺠـﺩﺍﻭل‬
‫ﺍﻵﺘﻴﺔ ﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻝﻜل ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﺩﺍ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ )‪ .(191-189‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.108‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ)‪ .(193-191‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.111‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ ،379‬ﺹ‪ .380‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.111‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .119‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .112‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،8‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ ،62‬ﺹ‪ .63‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.158‬‬
‫‪104‬‬
 ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ :(8‬ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ – ﺩﻤﺸﻕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﻏﺯﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺘﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺱ‬
‫ﻗﻁﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻝﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻭﺠﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻗﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻓﺤﻤﻪ‬
‫ﺠﻨﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺘﺒﻨﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺤﻁﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺼﻔﺩ‬
‫ﺯﺭﻋﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻴﻥ ﺠﺎﻝﻭﺕ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺯﺠﺭ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺒﺩ‬
‫ﻁﻔﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻨﻤﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻏﺒﺎﻏﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻜﺴﻭﺓ‬
‫ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‬

‫‪105‬‬
 ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ :(9‬ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ – ﺩﻤﺸﻕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﻏﺯﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺘﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺱ‬
‫ﻗﻁﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻝﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻭﺠﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻗﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻓﺤﻤﻪ‬
‫ﺠﻴﻨﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺯﺭﻋﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻴﻥ ﺠﺎﻝﻭﺕ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺯﺤﺭ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺒﺩ‬
‫ﻁﻔﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻨﻤﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻏﺒﺎﻏﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻜﺴﻭﺓ‬
‫ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‬

‫‪106‬‬
 ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ :(10‬ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ – ﺩﻤﺸﻕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﻏﺯﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺘﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺱ‬
‫ﻝﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻭﺠﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻗﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻓﺤﻤﻪ‬
‫ﺠﻨﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺤﻁﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺯﺭﻋﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻴﻥ ﺠﺎﻝﻭﺕ‬
‫ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻨﻤﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻨﻤﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻏﺒﺎﻏﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻜﺴﻭﺓ‬
‫ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‬

‫)‪(3‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬

‫ﺃﻴﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‬ ‫‪ -3‬ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ ‪ -‬ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‬

‫ًﻓﻲ ﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻤﺭ ﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﺘﺩﻭﺭ ﺤﻭل ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﺍﻭل ﺍﻵﺘﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻝﻜل ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .191‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .113‬ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.158‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ .379‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.113‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،113‬ﺹ‪.114‬‬
‫‪107‬‬
 ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ :(11‬ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ – ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﻏﺯﺓ‬
‫ﻤﻼﻗﺱ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺕ ﺠﺒﺭﻴل‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل‬
‫ﺠﻨﺒﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ :(12‬ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ – ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﻏﺯﺓ‬
‫ﻤﻼﻗﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل‬
‫ﺠﻨﺒﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ :(13‬ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ – ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﻏﺯﺓ‬
‫ﻤﻼﻗﺱ‬
‫ﺤﺒﺭﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺠﻨﺒﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻔﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ‬

‫‪108‬‬
‫ﻭﺸﻜﻠﺕ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺤﻁﺎﺕ ﺃﺒﺭﺍﺝ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﺎﻡ)‪ ،(1‬ﻭﺍﺤﺘﻠـﺕ ﺃﺒﺭﺍﺠﻬـﺎ‬
‫ﻤﻭﻗﻌ ﹰﺎ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﹰﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ )‪ ،(2‬ﻭﺍﺭﺘﺒﻁﺕ ﻤﻊ ﻤﺩﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ )‪ ،(3‬ﻭﺩﻤﺸـﻕ)‪ ،(4‬ﻭﺍﻝﻜـﺭﻙ)‪،(5‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻭﻨﻘل ﻓﻲ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﻋـﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺒﺭﺕ ﻤﺭﻜﺯﹰﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﻨﻘل ﺍﻝﺜﻠﺞ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻨﻘل ﻋﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒـﻥ ﻗـﻼﻭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘـﺘﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻨﻘﻠﻪ ﺨﻼل ﺸﻬﺭﻱ ﺤﺯﻴﺭﺍﻥ ﻭﺘﺸﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺩﻤﺸﻕ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺘﺘﺒﻊ ﺨﻁ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺭ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺩﻤﺸﻕ ‪ -‬ﻏﺯﺓ ‪-‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ)‪.(7‬‬

‫ﻭﺘﻭﻀﺢ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻴﻁﺔ ﺍﻵﺘﻴﺔ ﺨﻁﻭﻁ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﻭﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺴﻁ ﻭﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻏﺯﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺭﺥ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﻫﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﻴﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.97‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .29‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .115‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.563‬‬
‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .139‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.40‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .115‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.64‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .197‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ .392‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.117‬‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.115‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .197‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ ،392‬ﺹ‪.393‬‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .115‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪.64‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.117‬‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.115‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.29‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،197‬ﺹ‪ .198‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ ،396‬ﺹ‪ .397‬ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸـﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅـﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺯﺒـﺩﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ ،117‬ﺹ‪.118‬‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.116‬‬
‫‪109‬‬
 ‫ﺨﺭﻴﻁﺔ )‪ (2‬ﺨﻁﻭﻁ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﻭﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺴﻁ ﻭﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺃﻗﻴﻤﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﻝﺠﺒﺎل‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﺭﻜﺯﹰﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻭﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺼﺩ‬

‫ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻴﺔ )‪ ،(2‬ﻭﺃﺸﺭﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺭﺠﺎل ﻤﺨﺘﺼﻭﻥ ﻴﺘﻘﺎﻀﻭﻥ ﻤﻘﺎﺒل ﺫﻝﻙ ﺭﻭﺍﺘﺏ ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ )‪،(3‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻭل ﺍﻵﺘﻲ ﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻭﺭ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺒﺔ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ )‪.(4‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪ .29‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.146‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.117‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،199‬ﺹ‪ .200‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.117‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .201‬ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،14‬ﺹ‪ ،398‬ﺹ‪ .399‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁـﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪.117‬‬
‫‪110‬‬
 ‫ﺠﺩﻭل )‪ :(14‬ﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻭﺭ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺒﺔ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﺎﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺨﺭﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﺭﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﻬﻴﻜل‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻨﺎﻁﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻜﻭﺍﺜل‬
‫ﻤﻨﻅﺭ ﻗﺒﺎﻗﺏ‬
‫ﺤﻔﻴﺭ ﺃﺴﺩ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﺨﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻅﺭﺓ ﺃﺭﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﻭﻴﺏ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻅﺭﺓ ﺘﺩﻤﺭ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻅﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺠﻠﻴﺠل‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻴﺘﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻁﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺜﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻘﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻤﺄﺫﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻭﺱ‬
‫ﺒﺭﺯﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻨﻊ‬
‫ﺘل ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﻴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺠﺒل ﺍﺭﺒﺩ ﻭﻋﺠﻠﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺠﺒل ﻁﻴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻘﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ‬
‫ﺠﻴﻨﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺠﺒل ﻓﺤﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻗﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻤﺠﺩل ﻴﺎﺒﺎ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺴﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺤﺩﺏ ﻏﺯﺓ‬
‫‪111‬‬
‫ﻭﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯ ﺨﻁ ﺍﻝﺴﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺩﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ)‪.(1‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﻀﻤﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻝﺒﺕ ﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﺴﻜﺎﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ)‪ ،(2‬ﻭ‬

‫ﻓﺘﺤﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﻗﺕ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﺃﺒﻭﺍﺒﻬﺎ ﻝﻠﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺨﺎﺹ ﻭﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺒـﺎ ﻭﻏﻴـﺭﻫﻡ‬
‫ﺒﺸﻜل ﻋﺎﻡ)‪ ،(3‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﺸﻬﺭ ﺃﺴﻭﺍﻗﻬﺎ ﺴﻭﻕ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺭﺓ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﺴﻭﻕ ﺍﻝﺸﺠﺎﻋﻴﺔ)‪.(5‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﻭﺼﻑ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺴﺎﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺴﻭﺍﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻘـﺎل " ﺃﺴـﻭﺍﻗﹰﺎ ﺤﺎﻓﻠـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺴﻌﺎﺭﹰﺍ ﺭﺨﻴﺼﺔ " )‪ ،(6‬ﻭﺃﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺤﻀﻭﺭ ﺃﻫل ﻏﺯﺓ ﺴﻭﻗﹰﺎ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﹰﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺼﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺠﺒل ﻗﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺸﺎﻁﺊ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﺴﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻥ " ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﺏ ﺘﺄﺘﻴﻪ ﺒﺎﻹﺒل ﻭﺍﻝﻐـﻨﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﺴـﻤﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺴـل‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻠﻑ ﻝﻠﺩﻭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺠﺩﻨﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﻔﻭل ﺭﺨﻴﺼﹸﺎ ﺃﺭﺨﺹ ﻤﻤﺎ ﺍﻜﺘﺭﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺼﺭ)‪.(7‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺒﺭﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ ﻤﻘﺼﺩﹰﺍ ﻝﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻔﻼﺤﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺒﻴﻊ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺭﻏﺒﻥ ﺒﺒﻴﻌﻪ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺤﺎﺼﻴل ﻭﺩﺠﺎﺝ‬
‫ﻭ ﻓﻭﺍﻜﻪ ﻭﻤﺎ ﺸﺎﻜل ﺫﻝﻙ )‪ .(8‬ﻭﺍﺸﺘﻤﻠﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺍﺌل ﺍﻝﻌﻬـﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤـﺎﻨﻲ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺴـﺘﻤﺎﺌﺔ‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﻭﺘﺨﺼﺼﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻜﺎﻥ)‪ ،(9‬ﻭ ﺍﻨﺨﻔﺽ ﻋﺩﺩﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﻤﺌﺔ ﻭﺨﻤﺴﻭﻥ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺘﺠﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺼﻴﺎﻏﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻴﺎﻁﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺩﺍﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺤﺎﺴﺔ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ )‪.(11‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .47‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.117‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺒﻨﻲ ﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺼل‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .57‬ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.55‬ﺍﻝﻀﻤﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.220‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺒﻨﻲ ﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺼل‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.57‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪199‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪199‬‬
‫)‪ (6‬ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪.408‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،1‬ﺹ‪.281‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪199‬‬
‫)‪ (9‬ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪.69 ،8‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .44‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .82‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .103‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .380‬ﺭﺸـﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫـﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.43‬‬
‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪199‬‬
‫)‪(11‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .84‬ﻡ‪.‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ .82 ،8‬ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .103‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪ .380‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.43‬‬
‫‪112‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺸﻬﺭ ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺨﺎﻥ ﻴﻭﻨﺱ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻨﺯل ﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺴﺎﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ ﺨﻼل ﺯﻴﺎﺭﺘﻪ ﻝﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻜﺭ‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﺍﺸﺘﻤل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻝﻠﺒﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﻏﺭﻑ ﻹﻗﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺴﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﻤﺨﺼﺼـﺔ‬
‫ﻝﻠﺩﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﻋﻠﻔﻬﻡ )‪.(1‬‬

‫ﻭﻝﻌﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﻤﺘﺎﺯﺕ ﺒﻪ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺩﻭﺭﹰﺍ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﹰﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺘـﺩﻓﻕ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﻓـل ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ)‪ ،(2‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻭﺼﻑ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ ﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﻓل ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ "ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻝﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ ﻭﻨﻬﺎﺭﹰﺍ ﻤﺭﻴﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﻭﺠـﺩﺕ ﻓـﻲ ﻭﺠﻬﺘﻴـﻙ‬
‫ﻼ ﻭﻻ ﺘﺯﻤـﻊ ﺘﺤـﻭﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ ﺇﻻ ﻝﻘﻴﺕ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒ ﹰ‬
‫ﺴﺎﺌﺭﺓ ﻻ ﺘﺴﻴﺭ ﺒﺭ ﻤﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﻤﺘﺤﻭﻻ")‪.(3‬‬

‫ﻭﺸﻜﻠﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﻓل ﻤﺼﺩﺭ ﺃﺭﺒﺎﺡ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﻝﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭﺒﺎﻋﻭﺍ ﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩﻫـﺎ ﺍﻝﻁﺤـﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺯﻴـﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻤﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﻓﺭﻭﺍ ﻝﻬﺎ ﻜل ﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﺯﻡ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻷﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﺴﻌﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺸﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺘـﻲ ﺴﻴﻘﻀـﻭﻫﺎ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺠﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﺎﻓﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻴﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻰ ﻤﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺴﻭﻴﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﺒﻌﺩ ﻋـﻥ ﻤـﺩﻴﻨﺘﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻤﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺒﻴﻊ ﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺘﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺝ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻓﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻴﺭﺘﺎﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﻭﻝﻌل ﻗﻭﺍﻓل‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺝ‪ ،‬ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺤﺭﺹ ﺃﻫل ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻴﻊ ﻤﻨﺘﻭﺠﺎﺘﻬﻡ ﻻﻴﺭﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻲ)‪.(5‬‬

‫ﻭﻭﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻜﻨﻐﻠﻴﻙ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﺘﻌﻬﺩﹰﺍ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﹰﺍ ﻤﻬﻤﺘﻪ ﻤﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻓﺭﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺒـﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺴـﻔﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﻭﻴﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺤﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎل ﻭﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺩﻻﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻨﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﻝﻬﻡ ﻭﻴﺠﻨـﺒﻬﻡ ﺍﺒﺘـﺯﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻜﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜﻲ)‪.(6‬‬

‫ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﺼﺎﺩﺭﺍﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ ﺼـﺎﺩﺭﺍﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻭﺍﺭﺩﺘﻬـﺎ ﻝﻠـﺩﻴﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ)‪ ،(7‬ﻭﺼﺩﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﺤﺒﻭﺏ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﻌﻴﺭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﺼﺭ )‪ ،(8‬ﻭﻭﺭﺩﺕ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺒﻀـﺎﺌﻊ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،2‬ﺹ‪ ،465‬ﺹ‪.466‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﺎﻁﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .199‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.367‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .233‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪:‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.367‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪.69 ،8‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪.69 ،8‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.44‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺒﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪97‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻨﺨﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .213‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .248‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪.67 ،8‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .6‬ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،5‬ﺹ‪.377‬‬
‫)‪ (8‬ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.200‬‬
‫‪113‬‬
 ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻼ ﻜـﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﺠـﺎﺭ ﻴﻨﻘﻠـﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻤﺜ ﹰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻓﺭﻨﺠﻴﺔ ﻋﺒﺭ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻴﺎﻓﺎ ﻝﻜﺜﺭﺓ ﺍﺤﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﺍﻝﻔﻼﺤﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻴﺭ ﻭﺨﻴﻭﻁﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺊ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﺠﺘﻪ ﺒﺎﻷﺼﺒﻐﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻨﻭﻋﺔ )‪.(2‬‬

‫ﻝﻡ ﻴﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺴﻭﻯ ﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﻘﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺩﺍﻭﻝـﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﺎﻨﻴﺭ)‪ ،(3‬ﻭﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﻫﻡ ∗ﺍﻝﻨﻘـﺭﺓ ﻭﻫـﻲ ﺍﺤـﺩﻯ ﺍﻝﻌﻤـﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﻨﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﻨﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﺫﻫﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ )‪ ،(4‬ﻭ ﺘﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻗﻴﻤـﺔ ﺍﻝﺼـﻨﺠﺔ ﺒـﻴﻥ‬

‫ﻻ ﻭﺭﺒﻌﺎ ﻤﺼﺭﻴﹰﺎ )‪ .(5‬ﻭﺍﻨﺘﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﺒﻨﻘـﻭﺩ‬

‫ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻓﺘﻨﻘﺹ ﻜل ﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﻤﺜﻘﺎل ﺸﺎﻤﻲ ﻤﺜﻘﺎ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻔﻀﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺭﺵ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻝﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻲ ﻭﻓﻘﹰﺎ ﻝﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ)‪.(6‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤل ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺱ ﻝﺸﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﺒﻀﺎﺌﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻴﻘل ﺜﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﻫﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺎﺩل ﻜل ‪ 80‬ﻓﻠﺴﹰﺎ ﺩﺭﻫﻤﹰﺎ ﻭﺍﺤـﺩﹰﺍ‬
‫ﻨﻘﺩﹰﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺎﺩل ﻭﺯﻥ ﻜل ‪ 4‬ﻓﻠﻭﺱ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺤﺒﺔ ﻗﻤﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺕ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﻭﺱ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻴـﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺴـﻠﻁﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻓﺭﺝ ﺒﻥ ﺒﺭﻗﻭﻕ )‪(7‬ﻝﻜﻨﻪ ﻋﺎﺩل ﻜل ‪ 36‬ﻓﻠﺴﹰﺎ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭﻫﻤﹰﺎ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﹰﺍ ﻨﻘﺩﹰﺍ)‪.(8‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺩﻋﻰ ﺘﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻊ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺴﻭﺍﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ ﻝﻠﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻌﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻭﺯﻨﻬـﺎ‬

‫ﻭﺤﺠﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻬﺎ ﻝﺘﺴﻬل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﺜل‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺯﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻜﺎﻴﻴل ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻘﺎﻴﻴﺱ ﻓﻭﺠﺩ ﻤـﻥ‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪200‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻨﻘﻭﻻ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.220‬‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .198‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .103‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،8‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .57‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.38‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ‪ -:‬ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .424‬ﺤﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺤﺴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺼﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.222‬‬ ‫∗‬

‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .198‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .103‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،8‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .57‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.38‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺭﻴﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺇﻏﺎﺜﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.141‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪84‬‬
‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .198‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،103‬ﺹ‪.104‬‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪- .198‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ ،103‬ﺹ‪ .104‬ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ ،8‬ﺹ‪ .57‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.38‬‬
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‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﻁل ﻭﻋﺎﺩل ﺴﺒﻌﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﻭﻋﺸﺭﻴﻥ ﺩﺭﻫﻤﺎ" ﻤﺼﺭﻴﺎ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻌﺎﺩل ﺍﻝﺩﺭﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺼـﺭﻱ ﺍﺜﻨﺘـﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺭﺓ ﺃﻭﻗﻴﺔ ﻜل ﺃﻭﻗﻴﺔ ﺴﺘﻭﻥ ﺩﺭﻫﻤﹰﺎ )‪.(1‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻨﺘﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻜﺎﻴﻴل ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻭﺠﺩﺕ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺍﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺘﻌﺎﺩل ﻜـل ﻭﺍﺤـﺩﺓ ﻤﻨﻬـﺎ ﺜﻼﺜـﺔ ﺃﺭﺍﺩﺏ‬
‫ﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺴﺘﻌﻤل ﺍﻝﺫﺭﺍﻉ ﻝﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻝﻘﻤﺎﺵ ﺍﻝﻤﺼـﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻔـﺩﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻝﻤﺴﺎﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ)‪.(2‬‬

‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .198‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .104‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،8‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .58‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.38‬‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪ ،4‬ﺹ‪ .198‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪ .104‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺝ‪،8‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ .57‬ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.38‬‬
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 ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺘﻤﺔ‬

‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻘﺼﺩﺍ ﺭﺌﻴﺴﺎ" ﻝﻠﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻁﻭﺍل ﻋﺼﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻝﻠﻘﺎﺩﻤﻴﻥ ﻤـﻥ‬

‫ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺸﻤﺎل ﺇﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﺒﺄﻫﻤﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻲ ﻤﻬﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻀﺤﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﺴﺒﺎﺒﺎ" ﻋﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻝﻠﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﺤﺼﻴل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺍﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬

‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺭﻏﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻝﻠﺘﻌﺭﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻌﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﺘﺩﻭﻴﻥ ﻤـﺎ ﻴﺸـﺎﻫﺩﻭﻨﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﻨﺼﺭﺍ" ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻲ ﻝﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﻓﺭﻴﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺞ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺸﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻠﺫﻴﻥ ﻤﺭﻭﺍ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻗﺎﻤﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺫﻝـﻙ ﻋـﻥ‬

‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭﻫﻡ ﻭﻋﺭﻀﻬﺎ ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺭﺴﻲ ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺨﺭﺩﺫﺍﺒﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ )ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻙ( ﻴﻌﺩ ﺃﻭل ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﻤﻜﺘﻤل ﺘﺤﺩﺙ ﻋﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﻴﺼل ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺎﺡ ﺍﻵﺴﻴﻭﻱ ﻭﺍﻹﻓﺭﻴﻘﻲ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺘﺄﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﺒﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤل ﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﺒﻲ ﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻁل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻔﺎﺼل ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺼـﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻴﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺘﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺤﺩﻭﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻁﺭﻑ ﺒﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻘﺏ ﻭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻲ ﻭﺴﻴﻨﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺸﺭﻗﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤل ﻝﻠﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺤﺎﻝﻴﺎ ﻏﺭﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻓﺢ ﺠﻨﻭﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻀﺎﺭﻴﺴﻬﺎ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻜﺴﺒﻬﺎ ﻤﻭﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻤﻨﺎﺥ ﻤﻌﺘﺩل ﻭﺘﺭﺒﺔ ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ ﻝﻠﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻨﺎﺨﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻌـﺩﺩﺓ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﺌﺎﺕ ﺴﻜﺎﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻁﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﻜﺎﻥ ﻝﻠﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻤﻅﺎﻫﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﺤﺼﻴﻨﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺩﻓﺎﻋﻴـﺔ ﻭﻫـﻲ ﺍﻷﺴـﻭﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻘـﻼﻉ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻓﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻭﺍﻤﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﺯﻭﺍﻴﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺃﺴﻬﻤﺕ ﺒﺸﻜل‬
‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺜﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻀﻼ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻷﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺅﻜﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠـﻭﺩ‬
‫ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻴﻨﺎﺌﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻘﺎﻝﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻭ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺯﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﻀﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻌﺘﻘﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﻋﻥ ﻭﺼﻑ ﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺃﻫل‬
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‫ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺤﺴﺒﻤﺎ ﺭﻭﺘﻬﺎ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻔﺕ ﺒﺎﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻬﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻴﺤﺘﺭﻓﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺴﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻜﺭﺕ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻴﺤﺘﻔل ﺒﻬﺎ ﺴﻜﺎﻨﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﺩ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻻﺤﺘﻔﺎﻻﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﺱ‬

‫ﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺎ ﻓﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺍﻨﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺼﻴل ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺸﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺜﻤﺭﺓ‪،‬ﻭﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ‬
‫ﺸﻬﺭﺘﻬﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻤﺜﻠﺕ ﺒﺎﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻨﺴﻴﺠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻐﺫﺍﺌﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺨﺸﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻔﺨﺎﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻀـﻼ‬
‫ﻋﻥ ﻨﺸﺎﻁﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﻤﻊ ﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﻥ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺩﻥ ﺴﻭﺍﺤل ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻷﺒﻴﺽ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺨﻼل ﻁﺭﻕ ﺘﺠﺎﺭﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﺒﻤﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﻏﺯﺓ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ‬

‫ﺃﻭ ﹰﻻ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻷﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪630‬ﻫـ ‪1233/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﺎﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺯﻡ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1433) ،1‬ﻫـ‪2012/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻷﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪630‬ﻫـ ‪1233/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻜﺎﻤل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺘـﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪،‬‬

‫‪11‬ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻀﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘـﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1‬‬
‫)‪1407‬ﻫـ‪1987/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﺠﺎ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﻠﺒﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪881‬ﻫـ‪1477/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻙ ﺒـﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴـﻙ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤـﺎﻨﻴﻴﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻷﺘﺭﺍﻙ ﻤﻊ ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ ﻴﺸﺒﻙ ﺒﻥ ﻤﻬﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﺍﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻔﻜـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺴـﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸـﻕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1‬‬

‫)‪1406‬ﻫـ‪ 1986 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻹﺩﺭﻴﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺇﺩﺭﻴﺱ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪560‬ﻫــ‪1164/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺘﺎﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﻵﻓﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1409) ،1‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬

‫‪1989‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻹﺼﻁﺨﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺭﺴﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪346‬ﻫـ‪957/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻙ‪،‬‬

‫ﺩﺍﺭ ﺼﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1424) ،‬ﻫـ‪ 2004 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﺼﻔﻬﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺼﻔﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻨﻔـﻴﺱ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ ﺤﺎﻤـﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪597‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬
‫‪1201‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻨـﺎﺭ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1425) ،‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬

‫‪2004‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺒﻥ ﺩﺭﻭﻴﺵ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺁﻏﺎ ﻅﻠﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪1090‬ﻩ‪1679/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺤﺘﻨﺎ ﻤﺭﺴـﻰ ‪-1648‬‬
‫‪ 1650‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﺤﻨﺎ ﺴﺘﻴﻔﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﻨﺸﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘـﺩﺱ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1401) ،‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬

‫‪1980‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬
‫‪118‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﻴﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻜﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﻔﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪929‬ﻫـ‪1523/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺒﺩﺍﺌﻊ ﺍﻝﺯﻫﻭﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺎﺌﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻫﻭﺭ‪ 5 ،‬ﺃﺠـﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺌـﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺼـﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤـﺔ ﻝﻠﻜﺘـﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘـﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪،‬‬

‫)‪1404‬ﻫـ‪1984/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﺸﻜﻭﺍل‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻑ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺒـﻥ ﻤﺴـﻌﻭﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪578‬ﻫــ‪1083/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺼـﻠﺔ‪،‬‬

‫‪3‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﺍﻷﺒﻴﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘـﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘـﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﺒﻨﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1410) ،2‬ﻫـ ‪1989/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺸﺎﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل ﺒﻥ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﺒـﻥ ﻋﺜﻤـﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴـﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻤﺸـﻘﻲ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻓﻌﻲ‪،‬‬
‫)ﺕ‪665‬ﻫـ ‪1267/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺘﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﺘﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺼـﻼﺤﻴﺔ‪5 ،‬ﺃﺠـﺯﺍﺀ‪،‬‬

‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺒﻕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1418) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1997/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺇﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻨﺸﺎﻩ ﺒـﻥ ﺃﻴـﻭﺏ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪732‬‬
‫ﻫـ‪1331/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻭﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻝﻠﻁﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،3‬‬

‫)‪1401‬ﻫـ‪1984/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻝﻴﻭﻨﺎﺭﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﻐﻭﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﻤﻭﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﺔ ﺃﻭﺍﺨﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ ﻋﺸـﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﺸﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻴﺒﻴﺵ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻴﺒﻴﺵ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻅﺒﻲ ﻝﻠﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﺙ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻤﻊ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻹﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻅﺒﻲ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1431) ،‬ﻫـ‪2010/‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺒﻁﻭﻁﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻭﺍﺘﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪779‬ﻫـ‪1377/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻁﻭﻁﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻤﺎﺓ ﺘﺤﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻅﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺭﺍﺌﺏ ﺍﻷﻤﺼﺎﺭ ﻭﻋﺠﺎﺌﺏ ﺍﻷﺴﻔﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻌﻭﺍﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺠﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﻭﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1357) ،‬ﻫـ‬
‫‪1938/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺇﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل ﺒﺎﺸﺎ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪1339‬ﻫـ‪1920/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻫﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌـﺎﺭﻓﻴﻥ ﺃﺴـﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻤـﺅﻝﻔﻴﻥ ﻭﺁﺜـﺎﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﻨﻔﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1371) ،‬ﻫـ‪1951/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫‪119‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﻕ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪739‬ﻫـ‪1338/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﺍﺼﺩ ﺍﻹﻁﻼﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻤﻜﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻘﺎﻉ‪ 3 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﺒﺠـﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1‬‬

‫)‪1373‬ﻫـ‪1954/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺒﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﺍﻷﻨﺩﻝﺴﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪487‬ﻫـ‪1094/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﻤﺎ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺠﻡ‪4 ،‬‬

‫ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﻘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1403) ،3‬ﻫـ‪1983/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺒﻠﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪780‬ﻫـ‪1378/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻝﻤﻔـﺭﻕ ﻓـﻲ ﺘﺤﻠﻴـﺔ ﻋﻠﻤـﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺭﻕ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺼﻨﺩﻭﻕ ﺍﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺘـﺭﺍﺙ ﺍﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻐـﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺤﻤﺩﻴـﺔ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪،‬‬
‫)‪1390‬ﻫـ‪1970/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪874‬ﻫـ‪1470/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺯﺍﻫﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻤﻠﻭﻙ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪ 16 ،‬ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﺭﺸﺎﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘـﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪،‬‬
‫)ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1383) ،‬ﻫـ‪1963/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪874‬ﻫـ‪1470/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻬل ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻭﻓﻲ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻓﻲ‪ 13 ،‬ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺃﻤﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺌـﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺼـﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤـﺔ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ()ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1404) ،‬ﻫـ‪1984/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺒﻥ ﺘﻐﺭﻱ ﺒﺭﺩﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪874‬ﻫـ‪1470/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺩﻝﻴل ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻬل ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻓﻬﻴﻡ ﺸﻠﺘﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﻁﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻨﺠﻲ ﻝﻠﻁﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺸﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1399) ،‬ﻫـ‪1979/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺠﺒﺭﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺤﺴﻥ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪1238‬ﻫـ ‪1822/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻋﺠﺎﺌﺏ ﺍﻵﺜﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﺠﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﺨﺒﺎﺭ ‪4‬‬

‫ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻴﻡ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪،‬‬
‫)ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1418) ،‬ﻫـ‪1997 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫‪120‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﻅﻔﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺒﻥ ﻗﺯﺃﻭﻏﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪654‬ﻫـ‪1256/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﺁﺓ ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺘﻭﺍﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻷﻋﻴﺎﻥ‪ 23 ،‬ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺒﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸـﻕ‪،‬‬

‫ﻁ‪1423) ،1‬ﻫـ‪2013/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻌﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻴﺤﻴﻰ ﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻜﺭ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪885‬ﻫـ ‪1480/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﻭل ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻅﺭﻑ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺴﻔﺭ ﻤﻭﻻﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﻑ ﺃﻭ )ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻗﻴﺘﺎﺒﺎﻱ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻋﻤﺭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺴـﻼﻡ‬

‫ﺘﺩﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻨﺸﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺠﺭﻭﺱ – ﺒﺭﺱ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1404) ،1‬ﻫـ ‪ 1984/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺤﺎﺠﻲ ﺨﻠﻴﻔﻪ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪1067‬ﻫـ‪1656/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻜﺸﻑ ﺍﻝﻅﻨﻭﻥ ﻋﻥ ﺃﺴﺎﻤﻲ ﺍﻝﻜﺘـﺏ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻨﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺸﺭﻑ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺇﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪،‬‬

‫)ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺯﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺒﻜﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪584‬ﻫـ‪1188/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺎ ﺍﺘﻔﻕ ﻝﻔﻅﻪ ﻭﺍﻓﺘﺭﻕ‬
‫ﻤﺴﻤﺎﻩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﻜﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻴﻤﺎﻤﺔ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪1415) ،‬ﻫـ‪1995/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻘﻼﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻀل‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪852‬ﻫـ‪1442/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻹﺼﺎﺒﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺘﻤﻴﻴـﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼـﺤﺎﺒﺔ‪8 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻋﺎﺩل ﺍﻝﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻭﻋﻠﻲ ﻤﻌﻭﺽ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘـﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1415) ،1‬ﻩ‪1995/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻘﻼﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻀل‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪852‬ﻫـ‪1442/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺃﻨﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻐﻤـﺭ ﺒﺄﺒﻨـﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭ‪ 4 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺤﺴﻥ ﺤﺒﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻠﺱ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﻝﻠﺸﺅﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪،‬‬

‫)ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1389) ،‬ﻫـ‪1969/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻘﻼﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻀل‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪852‬ﻫـ‪1442/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝـﺩﺭﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺎﻤﻨـﺔ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻨﺔ‪ 4 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺌﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴـﺩﺭ ﺃﺒـﺎﺩ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪ .‬ﻁ(‪،‬‬

‫)‪1349‬ﻫـ‪1930/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫‪121‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺠﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻘﻼﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻀل‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪852‬ﻫـ‪1442/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻝﺴـﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻴـﺯﺍﻥ‪10 ،‬‬
‫ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻏﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺎﺌﺭ ﻝﻠﻤﻁﺒﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪،‬‬
‫ﻁ‪1423) ،1‬ﻫـ‪2002/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺸﻴﺦ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻭﺱ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪1038‬ﻫـ‪1628/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﻓﺭ ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺸﺭ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺤﺎﻝﻭ ﻭﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﻨﺎﺅﻭﻁ ﻭﺃﻜﺭﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻭﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺼـﺎﺩﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1422) ،1‬ﻩ‪2001/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻴﺎﻗﻭﺕ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻤﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻐـﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪626‬ﻫــ‪1229/‬ﻡ(‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﺒﺎﺀ ﺇﺭﺸﺎﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﻴﺏ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻴﺏ‪ 7 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴـﻕ ﺇﺤﺴـﺎﻥ ﻋﺒـﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺏ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1441) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1993/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻴﺎﻗﻭﺕ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻤﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻐـﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪626‬ﻫــ‪1229/‬ﻡ(‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ 5 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻓﺭﻴﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻝﻠﻁﺒﺎﻋـﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺸـﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺩﺍﺭ ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1376) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1957/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻴﺎﻗﻭﺕ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻤﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻐـﺩﺍﺩﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪626‬ﻫــ‪1229/‬ﻡ(‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺘﺭﻙ ﻭﻀﻌﹰﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻔﺘﺭﻕ ﺼﻘﻌﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1406) ،2‬ﻫـ‪1986 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻌﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺭﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪900‬ﻫـ‪1494/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﺽ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻁﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺨﺒﺭ ﺍﻷﻗﻁﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺇﺤﺴﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1405) ،2‬ﻫــ ‪/‬‬
‫‪1984‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻼﺡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﻲ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻜﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻤﺸـﻘﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪ 1089‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬
‫‪1678‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺸﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝـﺫﻫﺏ ﻓـﻲ ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻫﺏ‪ 10 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﻨﺎﺅﻭﻁ‪،‬‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1412) ،1‬ﻫـ‪.(1991 /‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﻭﻗل‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﻴﺒﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪367‬ﻫـ‪977/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

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‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﺭﺩﺫﺍﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﻴﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪280‬ﻫـ‪ 893/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝـﻙ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ‬

‫ﺼﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺨﻠﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺒﻜﺭ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪ 681‬ﻫـ‪1282/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻴـﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻋﻴـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻨﺒﺎﺀ ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺎﻥ‪ 8 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺇﺤﺴﺎﻥ ﻋﺒـﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺼـﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪،‬‬
‫)ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪1392) ،‬ﻫـ ‪1972/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺨﻴﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪1083‬ﻫـ‪1672/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻔﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﺒـﺎﺀ ﻭ ﺴـﻠﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺒـﺎﺀ‪،‬‬

‫ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1400) ،‬ﻫـ‪1979/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺫﻫﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻗﺎﻴﺯﻤﺎﺭ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪ 748‬ﻫـ ‪1347/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺭ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻼﺀ‪3 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺤﺴﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪،‬‬

‫)‪1424‬ﻫـ‪2004/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺫﻫﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻗﺎﻴﺯﻤـﺎﺭ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪ 748‬ﻫــ ‪1347/‬ﻡ(‪،‬ﺘـﺎﺭﻴﺦ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻴﻠﻪ‪ 53 ،‬ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻋﻤﺭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ﺘﺩﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪،‬‬

‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1410) ،2‬ﻫـ‪1990/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺯﺒﻴﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺯﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻭﺱ ﻤﻥ ﺠـﻭﺍﻫﺭ ﺍﻝﻘـﺎﻤﻭﺱ‪ 40 ،‬ﺠـﺯﺀ‪،‬‬

‫)ﺏ‪.‬ﻥ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻜﻭﻴﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻜﻭﻴﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪) ،2‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺯﺒﻴﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺼﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺯﺒﻴـﺭ ﺒـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻭﺍﻡ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪236‬ﻫـ‪851/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻨﺴﺏ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻝﻴﻔﻲ ﺒﺭﻭﻓﻨﺴﺎل‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻌـﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،3‬‬

‫)ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﺒﺎﻫﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪997‬ﻫـ‪1589/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﻀﺢ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻙ‪،‬‬
‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﻬـﺩﻱ ﻋﻴـﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﺍﻀـﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻐـﺭﺏ ﺍﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1‬‬

‫)‪1427‬ﻫـ‪2008/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

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‫ﺍﻝﺴﺨﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺨﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺸﻤﺱ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪902‬ﻫـ‪1496/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻀﻭﺀ ﺍﻝﻼﻤﻊ‬
‫ﻷﻫل ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ‪12 ،‬ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﻴل‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1412) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1992/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺴﺨﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺨﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺸﻤﺱ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪902‬ﻫـ‪1496/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺠﻴﺯ ﺍﻝﻜـﻼﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻴل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭل ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‪4 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺒﺸﺎﺭ ﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ ﻭﻋﺼﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺴﺘﺎﻨﻲ ﻭﺃﺤﻤـﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1416) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1995 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﻨﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﺯﻫﺭﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪230‬ﻫـ‪844/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴـﺭ‪،‬‬
‫‪11‬ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻨﺠﻲ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1421) ،1‬ﻫـ‪2001/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﻤﻭﺴـﻰ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪685‬ﻫــ‪1286/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺒﺴـﻁ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝﻁـﻭل‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺭﺽ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺨﻭﺍﻥ ﺨﻴﻨﻴﺱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﻬﺩ ﻤـﻭﻻﻱ ﺍﻝﺤﺴـﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻐـﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﺘﻁـﻭﺍﻥ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪،‬‬
‫)‪1378‬ﻫـ‪ 1958 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻭﻁﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻀل‪ ،‬ﺠﻼل ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪911‬ﻫـ ‪1505/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺤﺴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻘـﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻀل ﺇﺒـﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺇﺤﻴـﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻜﺘـﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1387) ،1‬ﻫـ ‪ 1967/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻭﻁﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻀل‪ ،‬ﺠﻼل ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪911‬ﻫـ ‪1505/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻝﺏ ﺍﻝﻠﺒﺎﺏ ﻗﻲ ﺘﺤﺭﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻨﺴﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﻭﺃﺸﺭﻑ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﻴﺯ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘـﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1411) ،1‬ﻩ‪1991/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻏﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺨﻠﻴل ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪ 873‬ﻫـ‪1468/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺯﺒﺩﺓ ﻜﺸﻑ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻙ‬
‫ﻭﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻁﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﻬﻭﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺭﻨﺴـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺒـﺎﺭﻴﺱ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1312) ،‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬
‫‪1894‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻫﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﻜﺎﺭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒـﺩ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺴـﻁ ﺒـﻥ ﺨﻠﻴـل ﺍﺒـﻥ ﺸـﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻅـﺎﻫﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﻔـﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‬
‫‪920‬ﻫـ‪1514/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫﺔ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﻁﻴﻥ ﻓﻴﻤﻥ ﻭﻝﻲ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻜﻤـﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻋﺯ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1407) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1987 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫‪124‬‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪684‬ﻫـ‪1285/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻕ ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻴﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻤﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﺯﻴﺭﺓ‪ 3 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻴﺤﻴﻰ ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ‪،‬‬

‫ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1411) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1991/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺸﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺒﻥ ﺭﺍﻓﻊ ﺒﻥ ﺘﻤﻴﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﺴﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺼـﻠﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪632‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬
‫‪1223‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﻭﺍﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺴﻥ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﺴﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﻫﻨـﺩﺍﻭﻱ ﻝﻠﺘﻌﻠـﻴﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓـﺔ‪،‬‬

‫ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1433) ،‬ﻫـ‪2012/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺸﻭﻜﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪1250‬ﻫـ‪1834/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﻁﺎﻝﻊ ﺒﻤﺤﺎﺴـﻥ ﻤـﻥ ﺒﻌـﺩ ﺍﻝﻘـﺭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺴﻊ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻁﺎﻝﺏ ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪727‬ﻫـ‪1326/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻨﺨﺒﺔ ﺍﻝـﺩﻫﺭ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﺠﺎﺌﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﺘﻭﻫﺎﺭﺍﻭﺘﺱ‪ ،‬ﺃﻝﻤﺎﻨﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻴﺒﺯﺝ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪ 1342) ،‬ﻫـ‪1923/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺼﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺨﻠﻴل ﺒﻥ ﺃﻴﺒﻙ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪764‬ﻫـ‪1362/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻓﻲ ﺒﺎﻝﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ‪29 ،‬‬

‫ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺇﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1420) ،1‬ﻫـ ‪2000/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺼﻴﺭﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪900‬ﻫـ‪1495/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻫﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻔﻭﺱ ﻭﺍﻷﺒﺩﺍﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻭﺍﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺎﻥ‪،‬‬

‫‪ 3‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺤﺴﻥ ﺤﺒﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻁﺒﻌـﺔ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘـﺏ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺠﻤﻬﻭﺭﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺤـﺩﺓ‪،‬‬

‫)‪1390‬ﻫـ‪1970/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﻁﺎﻫﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻬﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻁﺎﻫﺭ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪355‬ﻫـ‪966/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺀ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ 7 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻤﻜﺘﺒـﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺒﻭﺭﺴﻌﻴﺩ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﺍﻝﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪1370‬ﻫــ‪1950/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺇﺘﺤـﺎﻑ‬

‫ﺍﻷﻋﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ 4 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ ﺯﻜﻲ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻴـﺎﺯﺠﻲ‪،‬‬

‫ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1420) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1999/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫‪125‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﺍﻝﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ ﺍﻝﻐـﺯﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪1370‬ﻫــ‪1950/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺤـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻬﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺴﻠﻴﻡ ﻋﺭﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﻜﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺸـﺎﺌﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1434) ،1‬ﻫـ‪2013/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺤﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪695‬ﻩ‪1295/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﻤﺎﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺴﻲ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻥ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺒﺎﻁ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1388) ،‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬

‫‪1968‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺸﻬﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻴﺤﻴـﻰ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪749‬ﻫــ‪1348/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺭﻴـﻑ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﻁﻠﺢ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺸﻤﺱ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪،‬‬

‫ﻁ‪1408) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1988/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺸﻬﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻴﺤﻴﻰ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪749‬ﻫـ‪1348/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻤﺴﺎﻝﻙ ﺍﻷﺒﺼﺎﺭ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﻤﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﺍﻷﻤﺼﺎﺭ‪ 27 ،‬ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﻬﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﻨﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1‬‬

‫)‪1431‬ﻫـ‪2010/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪1090‬ﻫــ‪1679/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠـﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺸـﻴﺔ )‪-1661‬‬
‫‪1663‬ﻡ( ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻤﻰ ﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﻀﻠﻲ ﻭﺴـﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺸـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺴﻭﻴﺩﻱ ﻝﻠﻨﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﺍﻹﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻅﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1427) ،1‬ﻫـ‪2006/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪855‬ﻫـ ‪1451/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻑ ﺍﻝﻤﻬﻨﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺴـﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﻠـﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻓﻬﻴﻡ ﺸﻠﺘﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘـﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1419) ،2‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬

‫‪1998‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪984‬ﻫـ‪1576/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻜﻭﺍﻜﺏ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺌﺭﺓ ﺒﺄﻋﻴـﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺌـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺸـﺭﺓ‪ 3 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺨﻠﻴل ﻤﻨﺼﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1‬‬

‫)‪1418‬ﻫـ‪ 1997/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

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‫ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺘﻘﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﻜﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪ 832‬ﻫـ‪ 1429 /‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺸـﻔﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺍﻡ ﺒـﺄﺨﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩ ﺍﻝﺤـﺭﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﺠـﺯﺃﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘـﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﻠﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1‬‬

‫)‪1421‬ﻫـ‪2000/‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻴﻡ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪807‬ﻫـ‪1404/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻗﺴﻁﻨﻁﻴﻥ‬

‫ﺯﺭﻴﻕ‪ ،‬ﻤﻨﺸﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1355) ،‬ﻫـ‪1936/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻭﻝﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺴﻁﻨﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻝﺒﺴـﺘﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻨﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﻴﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1369) ،1‬ﻫـ‪.(1949/‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻀﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻜﻨﺎﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻓﻴـﺔ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪1025‬ﻫــ‪1616/‬ﻡ(‪،‬‬
‫ﺠﺫﻭﺓ ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺒﺎﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻜﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺤل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺼﻭﺭ ﻝﻠﻁﺒﺎﻋﺔ‪،‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺒﺎﻁ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1393) ،‬ﻫـ‪1973/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻤﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻴﻭﺴﻑ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪1019‬ﻫـ‪1650/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭل ﻭﺁﺜﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻭل ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‪ 3 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻓﻬﻤﻲ ﺴﻌﺩ ﻭﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺤﻁﻴﻁ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1‬‬

‫)‪1412‬ﻫـ‪1992/‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﺍﻝﻘﺯﻭﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪682‬ﻫـ‪1284/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺁﺜﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﻭﺃﺨﺒـﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺼﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﻨﻌﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩﻭ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪1338‬ﻩ‪1920/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺴـﻴﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ )ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ(‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺸﻭﻜﺕ ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ ﺤﺠﻪ ﻭﻋﻤﺎﺩ ﺭﻓﻌـﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺘﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻭﺏ ﻝﻠﻨﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪821‬ﻫـ‪1418/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﻷﻋﺸﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺼـﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﻨﺸـﺎ‪14 ،‬‬

‫ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻝﻠﺘﺄﻴﻑ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻁﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺸﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘـﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪،‬‬

‫)ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1383) ،‬ﻫـ ‪1963/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫‪127‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻘﺸﻨﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪821‬ﻫـ‪1418/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻗﻼﺌﺩ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ ﺒﻘﺒﺎﺌـل ﻋـﺭﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﺍﻷﺒﻴﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘـﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘـﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﺒﻨﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1402) ،2‬ﻫـ‪1982/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺯﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺤﻜﻡ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺃﻴﻭﺏ ﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﺩ ﺸﻤﺱ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪ 751‬ﻫـ‪ 1350 /‬ﻡ(‪،‬‬
‫ﺃﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﺫﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﺒﻜﺭﻱ ﻭﺸﺎﻜﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺘﻭﻓﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻭﺭﻱ‪3 ،‬ﺃﺠـﺯﺍﺀ‪،‬‬
‫)ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻁ‪ 1418) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1997/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻠﻘﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﺃﺴﻌﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪1178‬ﻫـ‪1765/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ ﺍﻷﻨﺱ ﺒﺭﺤﻠﺘﻲ ﻝﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴـﻕ‬
‫ﻤﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﻗﺩﻭﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻤﺎﺭ ﺒﺩﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﻤﻐﺭﺒـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻜـﺯ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴـﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺨﻁﻭﻁﺎﺕ‪ :‬ﺃﻜﺎﺩﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻁﻭﻝﻜﺭﻡ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1425) ،‬ﻫـ‪2004 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻜﺒﺭﻴﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪1070‬ﻫـ‪1659/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﺘﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻝﺼﻴﻑ‪،‬‬
‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻁﻨﻁـﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻁـﺎﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﻤﻜﺘـﺏ ﺍﻻﺴـﻼﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،2‬‬
‫)‪1385‬ﻫـ‪1965/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺸﺎﻜﺭ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪764‬ﻫـ‪1363/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺫﻴل ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ 5 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴـﻕ‬
‫ﺇﺤﺴﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺼﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1393) ،‬ﻫـ‪1973 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺇﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪774‬ﻫـ‪1372/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪21 ،‬‬
‫ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺴﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﻫﺠـﺭ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1424) ،1‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬
‫‪2003‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﻜﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻨﺎﻥ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪1153‬ﻫـ‪1740/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻜﺏ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝـﻙ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺴﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺃﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺤﻜﻤﺕ ﺇﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﻨﺸﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﺴـﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪1413) ،‬ﻫـ‪1993/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻜﻨﻐﻠﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻜﻨﻐﻠﻴﻙ ﺍﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺭﻕ )‪1835-1834‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺒﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﻴـﺔ ﻋﻤـﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻁﺎﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺎﻭﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻻﺭﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1391) ،‬ﻫـ ‪1971/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫‪128‬‬
‫ﻤﺠﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻴﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪927‬ﻫـ‪1520/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨـﺱ ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴـل‬
‫ﺒﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻥ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺩ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻤﺤﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻀل‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺒﻜﺭ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪1016‬ﻫـ‪1607/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻷﻅﻌـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺠﺩﻴﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﺩﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺨﻴـﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻜﺘﺒـﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1414) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1993/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺃﻤﻴﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻓﻀل ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪1111‬ﻫــ‪1699/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺨﻼﺼـﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻷﺜﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻋﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺸﺭ‪ 4 ،‬ﺃﺠـﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻁﺒﻌـﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﻫﻴﺒـﺔ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪،‬‬
‫)‪1284‬ﻫـ‪1867/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻀل‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺨﻠﻴل ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪1206‬ﻫـ‪1791/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻋﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺭ‪ 4 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻁﺒﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪387‬ﻫـ‪997/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻘﺎﺴﻴﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻝﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺇﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1408) ،‬ﻫـ‪1987/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺠﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪928) ،‬ﻫـ‪1521/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻓـﻲ ﺃﻨﺒـﺎﺀ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﺒـﺭ‪،‬‬
‫‪3‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻨﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻁﺎﻝﺏ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﺍﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1431) ،1‬ﻫـ‪2011/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺭﻴﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺭﻴﺯﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪845‬ﻫـ‪1442/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻭﻙ ﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓـﺔ ﺩﻭل‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻭﻙ‪8 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻁﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1‬‬
‫)‪1418‬ﻫـ‪1997/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺭﻴﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺭﻴﺯﻱ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪845‬ﻫـ‪1442/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻋﻅ ﻭﺍﻹﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻁ ﻭﺍﻵﺜﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ ﺒﺎﻝﺨﻁﻁ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺭﻴﺯﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺼﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪،‬‬

‫)ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫‪129‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻀل‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻓﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻬﺎﺸﻤﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪871‬ﻫـ‪1466/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻝﺤﻅ ﺍﻷﻝﺤﺎﻅ ﺒـﺫﻴل‬
‫ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺤﻔﺎﻅ‪ ،‬ﻤﻁﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﻓﻴﻕ‪ ،‬ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1347) ،‬ﻫـ‪1928/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻬﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪380‬ﻫـ‪990 /‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﺎﻝﻙ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝـﻙ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺘﻜـﻭﻴﻥ‬

‫ﻝﻠﻁﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺸﺭ‪ ،‬ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1427) ،1‬ﻫـ‪ 2006 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل‪) ،‬ﺕ‪1143‬ﻫـ ‪1731/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﺯ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺤﻠـﺔ ﺒـﻼﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺭﻴﺎﺽ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺩ ﻤﺭﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﺴـﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸـﻕ‪،‬‬
‫ﻁ‪1419) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1998/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺒﻠﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل‪) ،‬ﺕ‪1143‬ﻫـ ‪1731/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻀـﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻨﺴـﻴﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠـﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺴﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺤﻤﺩ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻴﻭﺴﻑ‪ ،‬ﻗﺴﻡ ﺇﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﺙ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﺌﺭﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺅﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1415) ،‬ﻫـ‪1994/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺩﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺝ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻴﻌﻘﻭﺏ ﺍﺴﺤﻕ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪384‬ﻫـ‪994/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻔﻬﺭﺴﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺨﺒـﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﻨﻔﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺤﺩﺜﻴﻥ ﻭﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻜﺘﺒﻬﻡ‪ 10 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺭﻀﺎ ﺘﺠـﺩﺩ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺯﻨﺩﺍﺭﻱ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻥ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻴﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻭﻫﺎﺏ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪733‬ﻫـ‪1332/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻨﻬﺎﻴـﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺏ ﻓـﻲ ﻓﻨـﻭﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻷﺩﺏ‪33 ،‬ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪1418) ،‬ﻫـ‪1997/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻬﺭﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺒﻜﺭ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪611‬ﻫـ‪1215/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪،‬‬
‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻋﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻁ‪1423) ،1‬ﻫـ‪2002/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﻫﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺒﻥ ﻫﺸﺎﻡ ﺒﻥ ﺃﻴﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﻤﻌـﺎﻓﺭﻱ‪218) ،‬ﻫــ‪833/‬ﻡ(‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‪ 4 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻋﻤﺭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ﺘﺩﻤﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪،‬‬

‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1410) ،3‬ﻫـ‪1990/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

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‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﻭﺍﺼل‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺴﺎﻝﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻨﺼﺭ ﺍﷲ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪697‬ﻫـ ‪1298/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻤﻔﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻭﺏ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺃﺨﺒﺎﺭ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺃﻴﻭﺏ‪ 5 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺠﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺎل‪ ،‬ﻭﺤﺴﻨﻴﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺭﺒﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﻋﺎﺸﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻭﺜـﺎﺌﻕ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻤﻴـﺔ – ﺍﻝﻤﻁﺒﻌـﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭﻴـﺔ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪،‬‬
‫)‪1377‬ﻫـ ‪1967/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺤﻔﺹ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻤﻅﻔﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻭﺍﺭﺱ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪749‬ﻫـ‪1348/‬ﻡ(‪،‬‬
‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺭﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1417) ،1‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬

‫‪1996‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻭﺍﻁ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻴﺤﻴﻰ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺒﻲ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪718‬ﻫـ‪1318/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻤﻥ ﻤﺒـﺎﻫﺞ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻔﻜﺭ ﻭﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺎل ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻠﺱ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻲ ﻝﻠﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻨﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ‪،‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻜﻭﻴﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻜﻭﻴﺕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1401) ،‬ﻫـ‪1981/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻴﺎﻓﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺴﻌﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪768‬ﻫـ‪1366/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﺁﺓ ﺍﻝﺠﻨـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺒﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻴﻘﻅﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺎﻥ‪ 4 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺨﻠﻴل ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺼﻭﺭ‪،‬‬

‫ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1417) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1997/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪292‬ﻫـ‪904/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻴﻌﻘﻭﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻭﺍﻀـﺢ ﺍﻝﻜﺎﺘـﺏ‪ ،‬ﻜﺘـﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻠﺩ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻊ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻕ ﺍﻝﻨﻔﻴﺴﺔ ﻻﺒﻥ ﺭﺴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻤﻁﺒﻌﺔ ﺒﺭﻴل‪ ،‬ﻫﻭﻝﻨﺩﺍ‪،‬‬

‫ﻝﻴﺩﻥ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1310) ،‬ﻫـ ‪1893 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ‪) ،‬ﺕ‪292‬ﻫـ‪904/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺍﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻴﻌﻘﻭﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻭﺍﻀـﺢ ﺍﻝﻜﺎﺘـﺏ‪ ،‬ﺘـﺎﺭﻴﺦ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻴﻌﻘﻭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺼﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1380) ،‬ﻫـ‪1960/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻨﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ‪ ،‬ﻗﻁﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻗﻁﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪) ،‬ﺕ ‪726‬ﻫـ‪1326 /‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺫﻴل‬
‫ﻤﺭﺁﺓ ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺎﻥ‪ 3 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺌﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺩﺭ ﺍﺒـﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1374) ،1‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬

‫‪1954‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺜﺎﻨﻴﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ‬

‫ﺍﻷﺸﻘﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺎﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻭﺡ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻝﻠﻨﺸﺭ‪ ،‬ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1427) ،1‬ﻫـ ‪/‬‬

‫‪2006‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﺸﻬﺏ‪ ،‬ﺭﺸﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ ﺍﻷﺜﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻠﺱ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﻝﻠﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﻋﻤﺎﺭ‬
‫)ﺒﻜﺩﺍﺭ(‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1423) ،‬ﻫـ ‪2002/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻵﻏﺎ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻴل‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﺍﺌﻥ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ ﻝﻠﺩﺭﺍﺴـﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺸـﺭ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1‬‬

‫)‪1414‬ﻫـ ‪1993 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻭﺯﺘﻭﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻴﻠﻤﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻋﺩﻨﺎﻥ ﺴﻠﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﻓﻴﺼل ﻝﻠﺘﻤﻭﻴل‪،‬‬

‫ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺒﻭل‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1409) ،‬ﻫـ‪1988/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺒﺎﻗﺭ‪ ،‬ﻁﻪ‪ ،‬ﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻝﻠﻨﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺤـﺩﻭﺩﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1432) ،1‬ﻫـ ‪2011/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺒﺨﻴﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻥ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1396) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1976/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺘﻭﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﺥ ﻭﺍﻷﺴﻌﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻷﻤـﺭﺍﺽ ﻓـﻲ ﺒـﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻡ ﻓـﻲ ﻋﻬـﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴـﻙ )‪-648‬‬
‫‪922‬ﻫـ‪1516-125/‬ﻡ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻥ(‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1418) ،‬ﻫـ‪ 1998 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺜﺎﺒﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺠﻭﻝﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺒﻭﻉ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﺩﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﻬﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘـﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،2‬‬

‫)‪1354‬ﻫـ‪1936/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺤﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻠﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﻭﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻜﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﻴﺎﺯﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺌﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﺭﻴﺭ ﺠﺒﺭﺍﺌﻴـل‬

‫ﺍﻝﺠﺒﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1378) ،3‬ﻫـ‪1959/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺤﺠﺎﺝ‪ ،‬ﻋﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻜل ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺃﺜﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻌـﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻻﺭﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1‬‬

‫)‪1411‬ﻫـ‪1990/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬
‫‪132‬‬
‫ﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﻭﺴﻁﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺌﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪،‬‬

‫)ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1401) ،‬ﻫـ‪1981/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﺠﺎﺝ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺴـﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﻜﺘﺒـﺔ ﻭﻫﺒـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘـﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،2‬‬

‫)‪1402‬ﻫـ‪1982/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﻁﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻝﻘﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪،‬‬

‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1416) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1996/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﺭﺍﺭﻜﻪ‪ ،‬ﺼﺎﻝﺢ‪ ،‬ﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻝﺤﺞ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﻭﺭ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ ﻁ‪،1‬‬
‫)‪1418‬ﻫـ‪1997/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻤﻨﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻤﺭﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺨﻠﻴل ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺸﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﻜﺘـﺏ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪،‬‬

‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1407) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1987/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﻤﺼﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻰ ﺤﻤﻠﺔ ﻨﺎﺒﻠﻴﻭﻥ ﺒﻭﻨﺎﺒﺭﺕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻥ(‪،‬‬

‫ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1388) ،2‬ﻫـ‪1968/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺭﺸﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺌﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺒﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﻘﻭﻻ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻤﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻠﺒﻨﺎﻨﻲ ﻭﺩﺍﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1407) ،‬ﻩ‪1987/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻥ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻏﺭﻴﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺸـﺭ‪،‬‬

‫ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1414) ،1‬ﻫـ ‪1993/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺴﻜﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﺒـﺭ ﺍﻝﺘـﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻲ‪ 6 ،‬ﺃﺠـﺯﺍﺀ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻥ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1401) ،‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬

‫‪1980‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫‪133‬‬
‫ﺴﻴﺴﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻜﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﺍﺀ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼـﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤـﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻷﻭل )‪1101-922‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬

‫‪1690-1517‬ﻡ( )ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺴﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻀﺎﺭﻱ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪،‬‬

‫ﻏﺯﺓ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1425) ،‬ﻫـ\‪2004‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻭﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﻭﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻥ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻭﺼﻔﻬﺎ ﺃﺤـﺩ ﻤﺸـﺎﻫﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺒﻴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻁﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺨﻠﺼﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺨﻠﺹ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‬

‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ ﻋﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﺜﻐﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺒﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﻨﺸـﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴـﻊ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ‪،‬‬

‫ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1427) ،1‬ﻫـ‪2006/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻴﺎﺴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝـﻙ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﺸـﻴﺭ‪،‬‬

‫)ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1439) ،1‬ﻫـ‪2018/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺼﺎﻝﺢ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﻴﺯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﺩﻨﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﻤﻜﺘﺒـﺔ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺯﻤـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻴـﺎﺽ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩﻴﺔ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺌﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝﻤـﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻝـﻑ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1‬‬

‫)‪1418‬ﻫـ‪1997/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺴﺠل ﺃﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﺃﻝﻭﻴﺔ )ﺼﻔﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺒﻠﺱ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﺔ( ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻝـﺩﻓﺘﺭ ‪312‬‬

‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻪ ‪964‬ﻫـ‪1556/‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﻋﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤـﺎﻥ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1419) ،‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬

‫‪1999‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻀﻤﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺤﺎﺘﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺼﺩﺭ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻗﺎﻥ ﻝﻠﻨﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ‪،‬‬

‫ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1430) ،‬ﻫـ ‪2009/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻁﻘﻭﺵ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻓـﻲ ﻤﺼـﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﻔـﺎﺌﺱ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1‬‬

‫)‪1418‬ﻫـ‪1997/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫‪134‬‬
‫ﻁﻭﻁﺢ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺨﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺤﺒﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺭﺸـﺩ ﻝﻠﻨﺸـﺭ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪،‬‬

‫)‪1342‬ﻫـ‪ 1923/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺒﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻴﺎﺭﻨﺎ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻥ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻻﺭﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1394) ،‬ﻫـ‪1374/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺼﺎﻝﺢ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﺍﻙ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺒـﺭﺍﻙ ﻝﻠﻨﺸـﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴـﻊ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺭﻴﺎﺽ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1430) ،1‬ﻫـ‪2009/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪،‬‬

‫ﻁ‪1425) ،1‬ﻫـ‪2004/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﺩﺍ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓـﻲ ﺍﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺸـﻔﻕ ﻝﻠﻨﺸـﺭ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻜﻔﺭ ﻗﺭﻉ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1413) ،‬ﻫـ‪1992/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺸﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﻡ ﺍﷲ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪ .‬ﻁ(‪1435) ،‬ﻫـ‪2013/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﻬﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺱ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻥ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‪،‬‬

‫)ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1413) ،‬ﻫـ‪1992/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻨﻴﺎﺒﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻵﻓﺎﻕ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،1‬‬

‫)‪1406‬ﻫـ‪1986/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻁﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴﺔ ﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﻴل‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪،‬‬

‫ﻁ‪1407) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1987/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺭﻭﻗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﻤﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺴﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﻨـﺩﻱ ﻝﻠﻁﺒﺎﻋـﺔ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺸﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1437) ،1‬ﻫـ ‪2016/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫‪135‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ ﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﺁﻻﻑ ﻋﺎﻡ ﺤﻀﻭﺭ ﻭﺤﻀﺎﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﻁﺒﺎﻋـﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺸـﺭ‪،‬‬

‫ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1424) ،1‬ﻫـ‪2003/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻤﺼﺭﻱ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻁﺒﻌـﺔ ﺍﻝﺴـﻠﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﺭ‪،‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1342) ،‬ﻫـ‪1924/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻜﺭﺍﺘﺸﻜﻭﻓﺴﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻏﻨﺎﻁﻴﻭﺱ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﺼﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻭل ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪1383) ،‬ﻫـ‪1963/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻜﺭﺩ ﻋﻠـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ‪ ،‬ﺨﻁـﻁ ﺍﻝﺸـﺎﻡ‪ 6 ،‬ﺃﺠـﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻤﻜﺘﺒـﺔ ﺍﻝﻨـﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺴـﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸـﻕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪،3‬‬
‫)‪1403‬ﻫـ‪1983/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺁﺜﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﻤﺎ ﺤﻭﻝﻬـﺎ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻥ(‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏـﺯﺓ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪،‬‬

‫)‪1419‬ﻫـ‪1998/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﻗﻁﺎﻋﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤـﺔ ﻝﻠﻜﺘـﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘـﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪،‬‬

‫)‪1407‬ﻫـ‪1987/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﺒﻴﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻴﺔ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ ﺒﺎﺸﺎ ﺁل ﺭﻀﻭﺍﻥ ﺴﻨﺔ ‪1081‬ﻩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻴﻨﺎ ﻝﻠﻨﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴـﻊ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1421) ،‬ﻫـ‪2000/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻤﺭﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺭﻴﺎﺽ‪ ،‬ﺘﻬﺫﻴﺏ ﻤﻭﺍﻨﺢ ﺍﻷﻨﺱ ﺒﺭﺤﻠﺘﻲ ﻝﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻝﺴـﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤـﺔ ﻝﻠﻜﺘـﺎﺏ‪،‬‬

‫ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1434) ،‬ﻫـ ‪2012/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻴﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻭﻫﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺼﻬﻴﻭﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻭﻕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪،‬‬

‫‪ 10‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪ 1420) ،‬ﻫـ‪1999/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻤﻭﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﻋﺎﺒﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﺴﻠﻴﻡ ﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻜﺘﺒـﺔ ﻤـﺩﺒﻭﻝﻲ‪،‬‬

‫ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1415) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1995/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫‪136‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻁﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ ﺍﻷﺜﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﻝﺸـﺅﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻨﻴـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1416) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1995/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻭﻋﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﺯﺀﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﻨﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻁ‪1436) ،1‬ﻫـ ‪2014/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺜﺎﻝﺜﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻭﻗﺎﺌﻊ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭﺍﺕ‬

‫ﺭﺍﻓﻕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻋﻤﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻝﻭﺜـﺎﺌﻕ ﺍﻝﺸـﺭﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫‪1277-1273‬ﻫـ‪1861-1857/‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ "ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ "‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺩﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻻﺭﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻴﺭﻤﻭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺍﻻﺭﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1404) ،1‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬
‫‪1983‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺭﺍﺒﻌﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﺘﻴﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺭﺤﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ 8 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﻜﻨﻌﺎﻥ ﻝﻠﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺸﺭ‪ ،‬ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1431) ،1‬ﻫـ‪ 2010/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺩﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ 11 ،‬ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻁﻠﻴﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1408) ،4‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬
‫‪1988‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺭﻭﺍﺵ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤل‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ ﺩﺍﺌﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‪32 ،‬ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﺭﻗﺔ ﻝﻺﺒﺩﺍﻉ ﺍﻝﻔﻜـﺭﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﺎﺭﻗﺔ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1419) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1998/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺯﺭﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ‪8 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﻝﻠﻤﻼﻴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1423) ،15‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬
‫‪2002‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺯﻗﺯﻭﻕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﺤﻤﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤـﺔ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻤﺼـﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻘـﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪،‬‬
‫)‪1424‬ﻫـ‪2003/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫‪137‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤﻭﺠﺯ ﺩﺍﺌﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‪32 ،‬ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﺭﻗﺔ ﻝﻺﺒـﺩﺍﻉ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻔﻜﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻹﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﺎﺭﻗﺔ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1419) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1998/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺴﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ 7 ،‬ﻤﺠﻠﺩﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1431) ،1‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬

‫‪2010‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻤﻴﺔ‪ 30 ،‬ﺠﺯﺀ‪ ،‬ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ ﻝﻠﻨﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺴـﻌﻭﺩﻴﺔ‪،‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺭﻴﺎﺽ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1419) ،2‬ﻫـ‪1999/‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﺨﺎﻤﺴﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﺠﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﻤﻴﺱ‬

‫ﺠﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﻴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻊ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻠﻭﺘﺱ‬

‫ﻝﻠﻨﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻁ(‪1409) ،‬ﻫـ ‪1988 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ ﻤﻌﺎﻨﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺒﺎﺤـﺙ ﻝﻠﺩﺭﺍﺴـﺎﺕ‪،‬‬
‫ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪1425) ،‬ﻫـ‪2004 /‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺤﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺤﺴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺼﺒﺎﻍ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﻁﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻴﻭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪،‬‬

‫ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﻝﻠﻤﻼﻴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1419) ،1‬ﻫـ‪1999/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺸﺭﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻤﺫﻴل ﺒﻤﻠﺤﻕ ﻗﺒﺎﺌل ﻭ ﺤﻤﺎﻴل ﻭﻋﺎﺌﻼﺕ ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻴـﺔ‬

‫ﻝﻠﻨﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1416) ،2‬ﻫـ‪1996/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻜﺤﺎﻝﻪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻝﻔﻴﻥ‪4 ،‬ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴـﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1414) ،1‬ﻫــ‪/‬‬

‫‪1993‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻨﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺒﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻷﻝﻔـﺎﻅ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺼـﻁﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴـﺔ‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻥ(‪) ،‬ﺏ‪.‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻁ‪1427) ،1‬‬

‫ﻫـ‪2006/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺴﺎﺩﺴﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻷﺒﺤﺎﺙ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺸﻭﺭﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺤﺼﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻀﻭﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜﻲ ﺍﻭﻝﻴﺎ ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺠﻠـﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻴـﺎﻥ‪،‬‬

‫ﻤﺞ‪ ،7‬ﻉ‪1438) ،1‬ﻫـ ‪2016/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺹ )‪.(48-40‬‬

‫ﻓﺭﺥ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﻫﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﻴﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻜﻭﻴـﺕ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺞ ‪ ،25‬ﻉ‪1428) ،100‬ﻫـ‪2007 /‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺹ )‪.(98-73‬‬

‫ﻤﻭﺴﻰ‪ ،‬ﺨﻠﻴل‪ ،‬ﺃﺩﺒﺎﺀ ﺩﻤﺸﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸﻕ ﻏﺎﺼﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‪،‬‬

‫)‪1429‬ﻫـ‪2008/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺹ)‪.(292-277‬‬

‫ﺴﺎﺒﻌﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺭﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺯﻫﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﻋﺴﻘﻼﻥ ﻤﻨﺫ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺴـﻲ ﺤﺘـﻰ ﺍﻝﻐـﺯﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻴﺒﻲ )‪491-132‬ﻫـ‪1097-750/‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﺒﺈﺸﺭﺍﻑ ﺍﻝﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭ ﻋﺼـﺎﻡ ﺴﻴﺴـﺎﻝﻡ‪) ،‬ﺭﺴـﺎﻝﺔ‬
‫ﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻨﺸﻭﺭﻩ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏﺯﺓ‪1427) ،‬ﻫـ‪2006/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺒﻜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﻝﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﺒﺈﺸﺭﺍﻑ ﺍﻝﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭ ﻤﺤﺴﻥ ﻴﻭﺴـﻑ‪) ،‬ﺭﺴـﺎﻝﺔ‬
‫ﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻨﺸﻭﺭﻩ(‪ ،‬ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺒﻴﺭﺯﻴﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﻡ ﺍﷲ‪1426) ،‬ﻫـ‪2005/‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺼﺩﻴﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺴﺔ ﻭﺤﺩﻭﺩﻫﺎ ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﺭﺽ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺤـﺩﻭﺩﻫﺎ‬

‫ﻭﺃﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻝﺼﺎﻝﺢ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﻤﺭﺘﺎﺸﻲ )ﺕ‪1127‬ﻫـ‪1715/‬ﻡ(‪) ،‬ﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ ﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ ﻏﻴﺭ‬

‫ﻤﻨﺸﻭﺭﻩ(‪ ،‬ﺒﺈﺸﺭﺍﻑ ﺍﻝﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭ ﺒﻬﺠﺕ ﺼﺒﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻨـﺎﺒﻠﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴـﻁﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫)‪1418‬ﻫـ\‪1998‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻝﻜﻌﺎﺒﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻨﺱ ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴل ﺒﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل ﺘﺄﻝﻴﻑ ﻤﺠﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺒﻠـﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﻤـﻲ‪،‬‬

‫ﺒﺈﺸﺭﺍﻑ ﺍﻝﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭ ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻋﻁﺎ ﺍﷲ‪) ،‬ﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ ﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻨﺸﻭﺭﺓ(‪ ،‬ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺠـﺎﺡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻨﺎﺒﻠﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ‪1418) ،‬ﻫـ‪1998/‬ﻡ(‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺜﺎﻤﻨﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻷﻁﺎﻝﺱ‬

‫ﻤﺎﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻌﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻁﻠﺱ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻲ ﻝﻠﻌﺎﻝﻡ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﻭﺴﻁﻰ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤـﻨﻌﻡ‬

‫ﻤﺎﺠﺩ ﻭﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪ ،3‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻔﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻁ‪) ،3‬ﺏ‪.‬ﺕ(‪.‬‬

‫‪140‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻼﺤﻕ‬

‫‪141‬‬
‫ﻤﻠﺤﻕ )‪ :(1‬ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻤﻠﻭﻙ ﻭﻓﺭﺍﻋﻨﺔ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﻓﺭﺍﻋﻨﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻤﺭﻭﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺘﺤﻭﻫﺎ‬

‫ﻤﺭﻥ ﺭﻉ‬
‫ﺴﻨﻭﺴﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ‬
‫ﺁﺤﻌﻤﺱ‬
‫ﺘﺎﺤﻭﺘﻤﺱ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺘﺎﺤﻭﺘﻤﺱ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ‬
‫ﺍﻤﻴﻥ ﺤﻭﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻤﻴﻥ ﺤﻭﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ‬
‫ﺘﻭﺕ ﻋﻨﺦ ﺁﻤﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺴﻴﺘﻲ ﺍﻷﻭل‬
‫ﺭﻋﻤﺴﻴﺱ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻤﺭﻥ ﺒﺘﺎﺡ‬
‫ﺭﻋﻤﺴﻴﺱ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ‬
‫ﺍﻭﺯﻗﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﻭل‬
‫ﺒﺴﻤﺎﺘﻴﻙ ﺍﻷﻭل‬

‫‪142‬‬
‫ﻤﻠﺤﻕ )‪:(2‬ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻨﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺃﻤﺭﺍﺀ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺴﻨﺔ ﺘﻭﻝﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺌﺏ‬

‫‪657‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻨﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﺩﻻﻥ‬
‫‪678‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﺀ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻴﺩﻴﻜﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺨﺭﻱ‬
‫‪679‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺴﻨﺠﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﺍﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬
‫‪680‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﺀ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻴﺩﻏﺩﻱ‬
‫‪684‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﺯ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻴﺒﻙ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺼﻠﻲ‬
‫‪697‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﺯ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺎﺤﻲ‬
‫‪708‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺒﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﺌﻲ‬
‫‪709‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﻠﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺭﻱ‬
‫‪710‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﻜﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﺎﻤﻲ‬
‫‪710‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﻁﻠﻭ ﻗﺘﻤﺭ‬
‫‪711‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻤﻴﺭ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺴﻨﺠﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻭﻝﻲ‬
‫‪784‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻤﻴﺭ ﺤﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻜﻴﺵ‬
‫‪802‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺒﻐﺎ ﺍﻝﻠﻜﺎﺵ‬
‫‪803‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﺀ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻼﻭﻱ‬
‫‪803‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻔﻲ ﻁﻭﻝﻭ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺸﺎﻩ‬
‫‪804‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻤﻴﺭ ﺼﺭﻕ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‬
‫‪805‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻁﻨﺒﻐﺎ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻲ‬
‫‪811‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫‪812‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ ﺒﻴﻘﺠﺎﻩ ﻁﻴﻔﻭﺭ‬
‫‪857‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺤﻁﻁ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﻱ‬
‫‪859‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻴﺭ ﺒﻙ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﺭﻭﺯﻱ‬
‫‪875‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻴﺭ ﺒﻙ ﺍﻝﻘﺼﺭﻭﻱ‬
‫‪876‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﻏﻭﻥ ﺸﺎﻩ‬
‫‪877‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﺒﻙ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﺌﻲ‬
‫‪880‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺒﺎﻱ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ‬
‫‪886‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻻﺕ ﺒﺎﻱ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‬
‫‪143‬‬
‫‪887‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻻﺕ ﺒﺎﻱ ﺍﻻﻴﻨﺎﻝﻲ‬
‫‪889‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‬
‫‪892‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺒﺎﻱ ﺍﻝﻁﻭﻴل‬
‫‪900‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ ﻗﺎﻨﻲ ﺒﻙ‬
‫‪901‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻴﺘﺒﺎﻱ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻓﻲ‬
‫‪902‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻝﺒﻬﻠﻭﺍﻥ‬
‫‪903‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺒﺭﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﺍﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫‪904‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﻥ ﺒﻼﻁ ﺍﻝﻐﻭﺭﻱ‬
‫‪905‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﺍﺠﺎ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻨﺼﻭﻩ ﻗﺭﺍ ﺒﻥ ﺴﻠﻁﺎﻥ ﺠﺭﻜﺱ‬
‫‪906‬ﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ ﺒﺎﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻠﻭﻗﺎ‬
‫‪907‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﺎﻱ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻔﻲ ﺒﻥ ﻴﺸﺒﻙ‬
‫‪912‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ ﺼﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‬
‫‪914‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯﺒﻙ ﺍﻝﺼﻭﻓﻲ‬
‫‪916‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺒﺎﻱ‬
‫‪918‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻻﺕ ﺒﺎﻱ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺵ‬
‫‪922‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺩﺍﺭ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻙ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﺏ‬
‫‪922‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭ ﺩﻭﻝﺕ ﺒﺎﻱ‬

‫‪144‬‬
An-Najah National University
Faculty of Graduate Studies

Gaza in Books of Moslem Geographers

and Voyagers until the End of 13th A.H
Century / 19th A.D.

By
Shuhrat Fozan Nashaat Abu Zahra

Supervised by
Dr. Adnan Mohammad Melhem

This Thesis is Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for the Degree of Master of History, Faculty of
Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus,
Palestine.
2021
Gaza in Books of Moslem Geographers and Voyagers until the End of
13th A.H Century / 19th A.D.
By
Shuhrat Fozan Nashaat Abu Zahra
Supervised by
Dr. Adnan Mohammad Melhem
Abstract

The study reviewed the city of Gaza in the books of Muslim geographers

and travelers until the end of the thirteenth century AH / nineteenth century
AD. The first chapter dealt with a study of the sources of the Muslim
travelers on whom the study was based mainly. The researcher showed,
through a table, information about the names of the travelers, the country or
the city, The address of the travellers, the date of death from the third
century (the ninth century AD) until the end of the century (the thirteenth

AH / eighteenth and nineteenth centuries AD).The number of trips reached

54, from various regions such as the Levant, the Maghreb, Egypt and
others. Ibn Khordadbeh was the first traveler who described Gaza fully in

his book (The Paths and Kingdoms).

The second chapter was devoted to research in the geography of historic

Gaza and its strategic location, which formed a link between Egypt on the

one hand and the Levant on the other side. The researcher showed its name,
its fixed borders which located between the edge of the Negev desert, and
Sinai in the east, and the eastern coast of the Rumi Sea (currently the

Mediterranean) in the west, and its unstable boundaries borders, which

included villages that were belonging to Gaza. The researcher pointed out
the diversity of Gaza’s topography as a result of its location between the
b
Mediterranean Sea and the western slopes of the heights of Jerusalem and
Hebron to the east within the coastal plain region and its moderate climate
as a result of its location within the Mediterranean climate region, its fertile
soil suitable for agriculture and the diversity of agricultural crops. In
addition to the availability of springs, groundwater, valleys, and rainwater

collection in wells, as it is a primary source of water. The researcher also

presented the area of Gaza and its neighborhoods, religious groups and the
relationship between them.

The third chapter dealt with the urban aspects, where the researcher
classified them into two parts: military fortifications and other public
facilities, as the fortifications included castles and walls. The fortifications
included castles and walls, while the facilities were at the forefront of
mosques, the most famous of which was the Great Omari Mosque. The
researcher also shed light on the shrines, corners, Bimaristan, schools and
ports.

In the fourth chapter, the researcher dealt with the social and economic life
in Gaza, where the social aspects included talking about the most

prominent customs and traditions that the residents of the city were famous
for, including: visiting the sick, lighting mosques with lamps, and believing
in superstitious beliefs. The talk also touched on the clothes of the people

of the city, which differed according to religion, social level, professions,

Islamic holidays, celebrations and weddings, and the participation of
women in public life. As for the economic aspect, it included mentioning

c
agriculture. And the most important industries represented by the textile,
food, wood and pottery industries. The commercial activity and its
prosperity factors were also discussed, and the commercial skill enjoyed by
Gaza merchants, and the types of trade represented by internal trade in
foreign trade, Cairo, Damascus, Karak, the railway and its impact on the

prosperity of commercial activity. Exports and imports in the city were

mentioned in addition to clarifying the overrun.