21st Century Literature Baybayin

(January 1, 2001 – December 31, - Our supposed own writing

2100) system before being introduced to
the Roman Alphabet.

Literature
Pre-Colonial Poetry
- From Latin word “LITTERA”
meaning letter. ❖ Proverbs

- Any form of writing (handwritten / - Expressions of wisdom based on

printed) common and real-life experiences.

- May also be in symbols or pictures - Ex: “Bago mo sabihin at gawin,

makapitong iisipin”
- Gives people insights into their
behavior and experiences. “Kung di ukol, di bubukol”
❖ Tanaga

Philippine History from Pre-Colonial - A poem in quatrain with 7 syllables

to Contemporary and monorine.
Ex: Kaibigan by Emelita Perez Baes
“Palay s’yang matino,
Pre-Colonial Era (Early times
– 1564) Nang humangi’y yumuko;
Ngunit muling tumayo,
➢ Tabon Cave
Nagkabunga ng ginto.”
- Discovery of a skull cap and a
portion of a jaw in Palawan in ❖ Folk Song
1962 in this cave proved that man
- Lyrical expression created
came earlier in the Philippines.
according to region.
-
- Ex: Sitsiritsit and Bahay Kubo
The Philippine literature during pre-
❖ Riddles
colonial era is defined or classified by
oral literature. - A mystifying question and/or a
mind puzzle intended to be solved.
➢ Oral Literature
- Ex: “Isang balong malalim, punong
- Consists myths, folks, riddles,
puno ng patalim” Ans: Bibig
proverbs.
- “Dalawa kong kahon, buksan
- their forms of narrative were
walang ugong” Ans: Mata
initially handed down from
generation to generations. ❖ Epic
- also called the Language of Life - A long narrative poem about
and people’s way of promoting quests of a hero with supernatural
cultural heritage. powers.
- Ex: Biag ni Lam-ang
 PROSE NARRATIVE Spanish Colonial Era
❖ Myth
(1565 – 1898)
- A story of gods and goddesses
used to explain, beliefs, and
cultural practices. The Philippines was colonized for 333
years by the Spaniards.
❖ Fable
They introduced the Roman Alphabet
- A story intended to teach human
and also introduced Christianity to the
values with animals as major
Philippines.
characters attributing human
qualities. Doctrina Christiana
❖ Legend - First book published in the
Philippines. It is a collection of
- A story explaining the origins of
prayers and songs.
matter.
❖ Folktale
- A fictional story told by ancient Period of Enlightenment (1872
group of people. onwards)
Period when Filipinos realized they
needed independence / freedom from
the colonizers.
Illustrados
- Middle to upper class Filipinos
who managed to study in Europe.
- The people who initiated the idea
of getting independence and
started the Propaganda
Movement.
- Some of them are the national
heroes we know today:
Jose Rizal
Marcelo H. Del Pilar
Graciano Lopez Jaena
and more…
Their contributions to Philippine
Literature:
1. Graciano Lopez Jaena
- Writer of Fray Botod which
depicts the abusive and immorality
of friars (Botod means Botyok in
Filipino language, which means a
big-bellied man)
- Editor of La Solidaridad, a American Colonization Era
newspaper that seeks solution in
both political and social issues in a (1899 – 1945)
democratic way.

The Americans promised to help us

2. Marcelo H. Del Pilar learn how to be independent.
- Founder of Diariong Tagalog - They opted to open education to
everyone, such as public school
- Known to be the Master of
system
Tagalog Language
- It was them who established the
- Joined other propagandists in
public school system in the
1888 and wrote pamphlets
Philippines.
ridiculing the administration of the
friars. Thomasites / American Soldiers

3. Francisco Baltazar - Functioned as the teachers and

taught the English language to
- Known as Balagtas everyone.
- Writer of Florante at Laura, in
which his description of the setting
Albanyra reflected the tyranny of 1. Aurelio Tolentino
the Spaniards. - wrote Kahapon, Bukas, Ngayon
4. Jose Rizal 2. Juan Matapang
- Wrote the novels Noli Me Tangere - wrote Hindi Ako Patay
(Touch Me Not; Rizak’s work of
heart) and El Filibusterismo (The 3. Juan Abad
Traitor; Rizal’s work of mind)
- wrote Tanikalang Ginto
- Also wrote:
4. Severino Reyes
Mi Ultimo Adios
- wrote Walang Sugat
Sobre La Idolencia Delos Filipinos
Filipinas Dentro De Cien Años
1. Manuel Arguilla
- How my Brother Leon Brought
5. Andres Bonifacio Home a Wife
- Father of Katipunan 2. Jose Garcia Villa
- Write of Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang - Footnote to Youth
Lupa
3. Faustino Aguilar
6. Emilio Jacinto
- Pinaglahuan
- Brains of Katipunan
4. Lope K. Santos
- Wrote political essays using folk
language. - Banaag at Sikat
 Japanese Colonization Era
(1941 – 1945)
Escape from Reality
They started writing about romances,
fantasy
- English literature faced a dark
phase during the coming of the
Japanese.
- Japanese forbade the use of
English in literature
The only newspapers that circulated:
TRIBUNE and PHILIPPINE
REVIEW
Haiku
- 5-7-5 syllables / 3 lines
- Related to nature most of the time
Filipino Drama
- During the Japanese period, it
experienced a lull because movie
houses showing American films
were closed.
The translators were:
➢ Francisco Soc Rodrigo
➢ Alberto Concio
➢ Narciso Pimentel
Dramatic Philippines
- the organization of Filipino players
founded by them.
PLAYWRITERS
1. Jose Ma. Hernandez
– wrote Panday Pira
2. Francisco Soc Rodrigo
- wrote Sa Pula, Sa Puti
3. Clodualdo del Mundo
- wrote Bulaga (Hide and Seek)
4. Julian Cruz Balmaceda
- wrote Sino Ba Kayo? , Dahil sa Anak,
and Higante Ng Patay.
The field of the short story widened
during the Japanese Occupation.
Among them were:
• Brigido Batungbakal
• Macario Pineda
• Serafin Guinigindo
• Liwayway Arceo
• Narciso Ramos
• NVM Gonzales
• Alicia Lopez Lim
• Ligaya Perez
• Gloria Guzman
 CONTEMPORARY PERIOD Many Filipino songs dealt with themes
that were true to life like those of
(1946 – Present) o Grief
o Poverty
The Martial Law o aspirations for freedom
o love of God
Late President Ferdinand o love of country
Marcos o love of fellowmen
- Philippine President from 1965 -
1985
PEOPLE POWER REVOLUTION
- When Filipinos united and fought
Period of Activism for their freedom.
- Times when Filipinos wanted
reforms in the government.
Writers that got famous during
- When Filipinos wanted Philippines Contemporary Period:
to be communist.

September 21, 1972
- Martial Law was declared.
Department of Public Information
Order No. 1 strictly defined the kinds of
reports prohibited and allowed.
January 1981
- Martial Law was lifted and was
called Third Republic of the
Philippines and claims it as:
The New Society
- Where the government claims that
Philippines is better than it was
during Martial Law.
1. Alejandro G. Abadilla
- wrote Mga Piling Katha
2. Genoveva Edroza-Matute
- wrote Ako’y Isang Tinig
3. Amado V. Hernandez
- known as the greatest post-war Filipino
poet
- wrote Dipang Langit in 1961
- wrote Bayang Malaya in 1969
- won the Republic Cultural Award and
National Artist Award in 1973

Revolutionary Theme
-
Romantic Theme
- Love stories, fantasies