1. An egg vendor broke all the eggs that he was delivering to a local store.

He could not remember how many

eggs there were in all. However, he did remember that when he tried to pack them into packages of 2, 3, 4,
5, and 6, he had one left over each time. When he packed them into packages of 7, he had another left over.
What is the smallest number of eggs he could have had in the shipment?
a. Understand the problem
The vendor could not remember how many eggs there were in all. He did remember that there is a left over
each time he packed them into 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. When he packed them into 7, he had another left over. He
must know the smallest number of eggs he could have had in the shipment.
b. Devise a plan
In order to know the smallest possible number of eggs that he could have had in the shipment, we must
determine the least common multiple of the packages given. Then after looking for the least common
multiple of the given. We are going to add 1 as the representation of the left over.
c. Carry out the plan
By using prime factorization method, we will have:
2=2*1
3=3*1
4=2*2*1
5=5*1
6=3*2*1
7=7*1
We have the prime factors 2,2,3,5,7 which results to 420.
420 + 1(left over) = 421 is the total number of eggs that he could have had in the shipment.
d. Review the solution:
When we divide the smallest total number of eggs which is 421 by the number of packages, it will always
result to a one left over.
421/2 = 210 r. 1
421/3 = 140 r. 1
421/4 = 105 r. 1
421/5 = 84 r. 1
421/6 = 70 r. 1
421/7 = 60 r. 1

2. Edwin has 100 baseball cards. He wants to place the cards in three stacks so that the second stack has twice
as many as the first, and the third stack has twice as many as the second. How many cards will be in each
stack? How many will be left over?
a. Understand the problem:
Edwin wants to stack the cards so that the second stack has twice as many as the first, then the third stack
has twice as many as the second stack. We need to look for how many cards will be in each stack and how
many will be left over.
b. Devise a plan:
Let us represent the number of the first stack as x, then the second stack by 2x, and the third stack by 2(2x).
Then, add the representation and equate it to 100 since it is the total number of baseball card in order for
us to know the number of stacks.
c. Carry out the plan:
x + 2x + 2(2x) = 100
x + 2x +4x = 100
7x = 100
x = 14 r. 2
d. Review the solution:
x = 14
2x = 14(2) = 28 which is twice the first stack
2(2x) = 4x = 4(14) = 56 which is twice the second stack
The number of stacks for each stack will be 14 for the first, 28 for the second, and 56 for the third stack. 2
cards will be left over.

3. A palindromic number or numeral palindrome is a ‘symmetrical’ number like 16461, which remains the
same when its digits are reversed. The term palindromic is derived from palindrome, which refers to a
 word like rotor that remains unchanged under reversal of its letters. How many palindromes are there
between 0 and 1000?
a. Understand the problem:
We need to know how many palindromic numbers there are between 0 and 1000.
b. Devise a plan:
List down the numbers that will have the characteristics of a palindromic numbers.
c. Carry out the plan:
All one-digit number can be considered as a palindrome (from 0 – 9).
Two-digit numbers can be considered as a palindrome by duplicating some digit except 0.
Three-digit number can be considered as a palindrome by inserting a single digit between two same digit
number.
d. Review the solution:
All one-digit number can be considered as a palindrome (from 0 – 9) = 10
Two-digit numbers can be considered as a palindrome by duplicating some digit except 0 = 9
Three-digit number can be considered as a palindrome by inserting a single digit between two same digit
number = 9(10) = 90.
In total we will have: 10 + 9 + 90 = 109 palindromic numbers.

4. Matt is half as old as James will be when Matt is twice as old as James now. In five years, the sum of Matt’s
and James’ age will be 100. How old are Matt and James now?
a. Understand the problem:
We need to look for the age of Matt and James now by using the given clues.
b. Devise a plan:
Let m - age of Matt, j - age of James.
Matt is twice as old as James now = 2j – m
At this point in time James will be j + (2j - m) = 3j - m years old
Matt is half as old as James will be when Matt is twice as old as James now:
c. Carry out the plan:
m = (3j - m)) / 2
2m = 3j - m
3m = 3j
m = j, so Matt and James are the same age.
In five years, the sum of Matt’s and James’ age will be 100.
(m + 5) + (j + 5) = 100
d. Review the solution:
m + 5 + j + 5 = 100
m + j = 100 – 5 – 5
m + j = 90
m = 45
j = 45
They are both 45 years old

5. Find the digit 120 places to the right of the decimal point in the decimal representation of 9/13
a. Understand the problem:
We are looking for the 120 places to the right of the decimal point of the representation of 9/13
b. Device a plan:
Use division method to convert the fraction to decimal
c. Carry out the plan:
9/ 13 = 0. 692307692307
d. Review the solution:
We can see that it is a non-terminating decimal after getting 6 digits after comma we again got 9, so in
further dividing we will get the same digits in cycle with period of 6: 0.692307692307... = 0. (692307).
120'th digit to the right will be the same as 6'th because 120 contains whole 20 6-digit-sized cycles. This
digit is 7.

6. Your house is two km due north of a river that runs east – west. Your grandmother’s house is located 12km
west and one km north of your house. Every day, you go from your house to Grandma’s, but first visit the
stream (to get fresh water for Grandma). What is the length of route with minimum distance?
a. Understand the problem
We are looking for the length of route with a minimum distance to get to Grandma’s house but going to the
stream first.
b. Devise a plan:
Use a representation for the problem by doing a graph of the given.

c. Carry out the plan:

By the graph provided, we will be able to use Pythagorean theorem to find the route with a minimum
distance.
𝑐 = √122 + 32
𝑐 = √144 + 9
𝑐 = √153
c = 12.37 km
d. Review the solution:
The minimum distance from the river to grandma’s house will be 12.37km

7. If 10 cow can eat 10 bags of grain in 10 days, how many days will it take for 1 cow to eat 1 bag of grain?
a. Understand the problem:
The number of days it will take for 1 cow to eat 1 bag of grain.
b. Device a plan:
10cows eat 10 bags in 10 days
In other words 10 cows eat 1 bag per day.
10 cows = 10 bags/10 days
10cows=1bags/day1 cow=?
If 10cows eat 1bag in 1day
What does 1 cow eat in a day10cows=1bag=day1cow=?
Cross multiply
Result shows that 1cow eats 1/10 or (0.1) of a bag in a day. If 1cow eats 1/10 or (0.1) of a bag in a day
How long will it take that same cow to eat 1full bag?1/10bag or(0.1bag)= 1day 1full bag=?
Cross multiply(1bag*1day)/0.1bag=10days1cow will eat 1 bag in 10days.
c. Carry out the plan
From the exercise, we have that all the 10 cows, eat 1 bag per day. How, each one of the cows eat bags per
day. As a result, one cow would take 10 days to eat a bagLook back10 cows take 10 days to 10 bags.
d. Review the solution
So, let’s first calculate the number of days taken by 1 cow to finish 10 bags. 10 days for 10 cows. Then for 1
cow-> 10*10 or 100 days. So, for 10 bags, 1 cow will take 100 days. For 10 bags -> 100 days• 1 bag -> =
100/10 daysAnswer:10 days
8. Nadia is at home and Peter is at school which is 6 miles away from home. They start traveling towards each
other at the same time. Nadia is walking at 3.5 miles per hour and Peter is skateboarding at 6 miles per
hour. When will they meet and how far from home is their meeting place?
a. Understand the problem:
We need to know when will they meet and how far from home is their meeting place?
b. Device a plan
Let’s say they meet in x hours
Nadia = 3.5x
Peter = 6x
c. Carry out the plan:
3.5x + 6x = 6h
9.5x = 6h
X = 6/9.5h
X = 12/19h
d. Review the solution:
The distance Nadia traveled was the distance from home after they meet
3.5x = 3.5(12/19) = 42/19 miles
So they will meet in 12/19 hours later, 42/19 miles from home.

9. A man died and left the following instructions for his fortune, half to his wife, 1/7 of was left went to his
son, 2/3 of what left went to his butler, the man’s pet pig got the remaining 100,000 pesos. How much
money did the man leave behind altogether?
a. Understand the problem:
How much money did the man leave behind altogether?
b. Device a plan:
Add all the money that they get.
c. Carry out the plan:
A = ½(A) + 2/3(A) + 1/7(A) + 100,000
A/7 = 100,000
A = 700,000
d. Review the solution:
The man left 700,000 pesos