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Assessment for Lesson No. 2.2

1. Carl has 100 comic books. He wants to arrange the books in three piles so that the second
pile has twice as many books as the first, and the third pile has twice as many books as
the second. How many books will be in each stack? How many will be left over?

Solution:

Step 1: Understand the Problem

Carl has 100 comic books. He wants to arrange the books in three piles with these
following arrangements:
First pile: x
Second pile: 2x
Third pile: 2(2x)
Find the number of books in each stack and the number of books left over.

Step 2: Devise a Plan

We can quickly solve this by algebra. Let x be the number of books in the first pile.

Step 3: Carry out the Plan

Since Carl has 100 comic books, we can have this equation to solve for x which is the
number of books in the first pile.

x + 2x + 2(2x) = 100
7x = 100
x = 14.28 ≈ 14 books

So, First pile: x = 14 books

Second pile: 2x = 2(14) = 28 books
Third pile: 2(2x) = 2(2(14)) = 56 books

There will be 98 books in the three piles and the number of books left over is 2.

Step 4: Look Back

By solving x in the equation, we get 14 books as the number of books in the first pile, 28
books in the second pile and 56 books in the third pile. We get 98 books in total in the
three piles, which it results to 2 books left over because Carl has 100 comic books.
2. A pet store keeps track of the purchases of customers over a four-hour period. The store
manager classifies purchases as containing a dog product, a cat product, or a fish product.
She tracked: 83 purchased a dog product, 101 purchased a cat product, 22 purchased a
fish product, 31 purchased a dog and cat product, 8 purchased a dog and a fish product,
10 purchased a cat and a fish product, and 6 purchased a dog, a cat, and a fish product.
a. How many purchases were for a dog product only?
b. How many purchases were for a cat product only?
c. How many purchases were for a fish product only?
d. How many purchases were there in total?

Solution:

Step 1: Understand the Problem

A pet store keeps track the purchases of customers over a four-hour period. That’s why,
the store manager classifies purchases for every product. These are the following.
D = purchases for dog product
C = purchases for cat product

F = purchases for fish product

Find the purchases for every dog, cat, and fish products as well as the total purchases in
a four- hour period.

Step 2: Devise a Plan

We can solve this by using Venn Diagram to show the number of purchases made in every
product.

Step 3: Carry out the Plan

83 purchased a dog product
101 purchased a cat product
22 purchased a fish product
31 purchased a dog and cat product
8 purchased a dog and a fish product
10 purchased a cat and a fish product
6 purchased a dog, a cat, and a fish product
a. The number of purchases for a dog product only - - - - - - 83 – 25 – 6 – 2 = 50 purchases

b. The number of purchases for a cat product only - - - - - -101 – 25 – 6 – 4 = 66 purchases

c. The number of purchases for a fish product only - - - - - - 22 – 2 – 6 – 4 = 10 purchases

d. The total number of purchases - - - - - - 50 + 10 + 66 + 25 + 6 + 4 + 2 = 163 purchases

Step 4: Look Back

By denoting the set of purchases as D, C and F in the Venn Diagram, we can simply get the
purchases in every product. We get 50 purchases for dog product only, 66 purchases for
cat product only and 10 purchases for fish product only. There are 163 purchases in
total over a four-hour period in pet store.
3. A group of children had a clean-up drive by the seashore. After the activity,
they decided to play by hopping and jumping on the beach. Each child does
three hops followed by one jump. From a standing start, how many
footprints in the sand would there be for each child after – 3 jumps? 10
jumps? 20 jumps?

Solution:

Step 1: Understand the Problem

A group of children play hopping and jumping on the beach which each child
does three hops followed by one jump. Find the number of footprints in the
sand for each child after – 3 jumps, 10 jumps and 20 jumps.

Step 2: Devise a Plan

By analyzing the problem, each child starts with two footprints where they
are standing when they begin. Every set of three hops and one jump creates
five footprints.

Step 3: Carry out the Plan

Since every set of three hops and one jump could create five footprints,
so, for 3 jumps, 2 + (3)(5) = 17 footprints
for 10 jumps, 2 + (10)(5) = 52 footprints
for 20 jumps, 2 + (20)(5) = 102 footprints

Step 4: Look Back

Therefore, by the idea that each child starts with two footprints, the
computed number of footprints in the sand for each child after 3 jumps, 10
jumps, and 20 jumps are 17, 52, 102 footprints, respectively.
4. John is three times as old as his nephew, Pete. Four years ago, he was 4 times
as old as Pete. How old are they?

Solution:
Step 1: Understand the Problem
It is comparison of the ages between two persons.
Let x = Pete’s age
3x = John’s age
x – 4 = Pete’s age (four years ago)
4(x – 4) = John’s age (four years ago)

Step 2: Devise a Plan

We can quickly solve this by algebra with the help of creating a table to
simply understand the past and present ages.

Step 3: Carry out the Plan

Person Past ages Present ages

Pete x-4 x

John 4(x -4) 3x

4(x – 4) = 3x – 4 3x = 3(12) = 36 (John’s age)

4x – 16 = 3x – 4
4x – 3x = 16 – 4
x = 12 (Pete’s age)
Step 4: Look Back
By solving x, it results to Pete’s age which he is 12 years old now while John is 36
years old now. Four years ago, Pete’s age is 8 years old, that’s why, John is 4 times
as old as Pete which is 32 years old.
5. John can do a piece of work in 9 days and Pete can do the same in 10 days.
How long will it take both working together to do the job?

Solution:

Step 1: Understand the Problem

It is a rate word problem in which John can do a piece of work in 9 days while
Pete can do it in 10 days. Compute how long it takes if both are working
together to do the job.

Step 2: Devise a Plan

We can quickly solve this by algebra. It is just simply,
rate * time = work done
Let T be the total time needed for both working together to finish the job.

Step 3: Carry out the Plan

John’s rate: Jrate * 9 days = 1 piece of work
Pete’s rate: Prate * 10 days = 1 piece of work

Isolating for their rates: J = 1/9 days and P = 1/10 days

Total time:

Step 4: Look Back

If John can finish a piece of work in 9 days while Pete can do it in 10 days,
then if they work together, they can finish a piece of work just for 5 days.
6. How many ounces of pure nickel must be added to 150 ounces of an alloy
70% nickel to make an alloy which is 85% pure?

Solution:

Step 1: Understand the Problem

There is 150 ounces of an alloy 70% nickel. Find the ounces of pure nickel to
be added on it in order to obtain an alloy which is 85% pure.

Step 2: Devise a Plan.

We can quickly solve this by algebra because this is a mixture problem. Let
x be the amount of nickel to be added to the mixture.

Step 3: Carry out the Plan

Formulate an equation.
0.70 (150) + x = 0.85 (150 + x)
x = 150 --- This means that you need to add 150 ounces nickel
to the mixture to obtain an alloy which is 85% pure.

Step 4: Look Back

By formulating equation to solve x which is the amount of nickel to be
added to the mixture, we get 150. Meaning, 150 +150 = 300 ounces in the
new mixture.

The amount of nickel in the new mixture is equal to:

.70(150) + 150 = 105 + 150 = 255 ounces of nickel in the next mixture

The percent nickel in the new mixture is 255 / 300 = .85 = 85%.