The art of Music

THE WORLD OF MUSIC

Music is the art of combining and

regulating sounds of varying pitch to
produce melodious harmony expressive
of various ideas and emotions
History of Music

Cacophony or discordant sound or

harsh sound of aural voices of nature
and beasts. Euphony is the opposite
that create pleasant sounds

Symphony Orchestra
Elements of Music
Rhythm refers to the tempo, length of note, the beat,
Time signature. Americans and Europeans quickly identify
2-beat and 3-beat rhythms.

Melody is the succession or tones in an orderly manner. A

tone is a sound in music which designates a pitch and
depends on the vibration rate per second.

Dynamics is the interplay of softness or loudness.

Harmony is simultaneous sounding of melodies

or chord (polyphony / counterpoint against each
other).

Form of Structure
This refers to the organization of
sounds brought together by
patterns of repetition, contrast,
and variations.
Color
This is the result of
the difference in
timbre or quality of
tone in a variety of
voices and
instrument.

Style
This refers to the
composer’s or singer’s way
of doing his part. This is the
result of his temperament,
outlook in life and training
 The Media of Music

Soprano Mezzo-Soprano Alto or Contralto

High register Medium register Low register

female voice female voice female voice

Tenor Baritone Base

High Register male Medium register Low register male

voice male voice voice
 THE ORCHESTRA
An orchestra is a group of musicians playing instruments
together. They make music. A large orchestra is sometimes
called a "symphony orchestra" and a small orchestra is called
a "chamber orchestra".
 CONCERTO GROSSO
passes key melodic content among a small group of
soloists who play different instruments. The soloists are
alternately called the concertino, the principale, or the soli.
THE BAND
A band is a small group of
musicians who play popular
music such as jazz, rock, or
pop.
 Rondalla

In the Philippines, the

term “rondalla” has
come to refer to an
ensemble of plucked
string instruments
and its associated
genre of music—
inarguably influenced
by the popular music
ensembles brought to
the islands by
Spanish colonizers.
 Instrument used in Rondalla
BANDURIA LAUD AND OCTAVINA
They most of the melody. They are tuned like the banduria but
are pitched an octave lower.
GUITAR
They plays the harmony parts. It
gives solidness to the rhythm.

Juan Silos Jr. is recognized as the “Father of the Rondalla”. Without finishing a
conservatory degree, he found himself tutoring his barber friends in Sta. Cruz, Manila how to play the
rondalla instruments.
 THE WIND
INSTRUMENT

Brass Family
 THE STRING
INSTRUMENT
THE PERCUSSION INSTRUMENT

NAME NAME
SURNAME SURNAME

Title Title
The Philippine Ang Pambansang Awit ng Pilipinas

Music LUPANG HINIRANG

Bayang magiliw, perlas ng silanganan

Alab ng puso, sa dibdib mo’y buhay.
Lupang Hinirang, duyan ka ng magiting
Sa manlulupig, ‘di ka pasisiil
Sa dagat at bundok, sa simoy at sa langit mong bughaw
May dilag ang tula at awit sa paglayang minamahal
Ang kislap ng watawat mo’y tagumpay na nagniningning
Ang bituin at araw niya’y kalian pa ma’y di magdidilim
Lupa ng araw, ng luwalhati’t pagsinta
Buhay ay langit sa piling mo
Ang aming ligaya na ‘pag may mang-aapi
Julian Felipe
Composer of National Anthem Ang mamatay nang dahil sa iyo.
The Philippine
Music
Francisco Santiago (1889-1947)
“Father of Kundiman Art Song”
Lyrics of Kundiman
Anak ng Dalita (Santiago)
Ako’y anak ng dalita na tigib ng luha
Ang naritong humihikbi na bigyan ng awa
Buksan mo ang langit at kusa mong pakinggan
Ang aking ligalig sa pagdaramdam
At kung hindi ka mahahabag
Sa lungkot kong dinaranas
Puso’t diwa’y nabibihag sa libing masasadlak
Magtanong ka kundi tunay na kislap ng mga tala
magtanong ka rin sa ulap sa taglay kong dalita.
Traditional Lowland Filipino Music

Diuna – work, nuptial song

Talingdao – similar to the pandanggo
Soliranin – sad, monotonous song sung on hot days
Indolanin – rustic song, street song
Dolanin – merry song of love, nuptial song
Hila-hila – bangca song with questions and answers
Manigpasin – similar to the muńera, sequidillas,
manchengas, Galician group songs for travelling.
Oyayi – cradle song
Halohoo – andante songs
 Some pointers:
1. Listen to a song of series of chords. Discover the key note.
2. Follow the melody as it is repeated using different voices or
instruments.
3. Recognize the pattern of rhythm.
4. Discover how the singer or player presents the meaning with
greatest clarity, effect, and beauty.
5. Effective use of singing voice means: developing pure vowel
sounds, clear enunciations as in speech, consonants, must
not obstruct the tone of vowels, flexible lips and tongue, an
open throat, relaxed muscles, good posture, an even steady

HOW TO
support of tone, the maintenance of pleasant quality
throughout chest, nasal, and head tones.
6. Appreciation includes recognition of the knowledge of style
APPRECIATE and background of the music and its correct “interpretation”
such as the classical music need not be sing or played
MUSIC? “romantically”.
7. Musical pleasure evolves from intelligence and knowledge of
musical vocabulary, such as:
Absolute Music - instrumental music which does
not suggest or tell a story (program music)
Ad libitum - “ad-lib” to be performed with
freedom of interpretation
Arpeggio - harp-like playing of notes played in
quick succession
Cantabile - in a singing style
Dolce - sweetly
Encore - again, repeated by request
Ensemble - combination of performers
Expressivo- expressively
Fugue (fūg) - an orderly contrapuntal treatment of
a theme for three or more parts
Legato - smooth and sustained
Maestoso - majestically
Medley - succession of melodies
Opus - work
Postlude - instrumental conclusion of a song
Prelude - a musical number preceding a song
Rondo - an instrumental composition in which the
principal theme occurs several times with
intervening contrasting themes
Scherzo - a joke, hence a piece of playful or
humorously played music
Simplicy - simply
Sestet - a group of six performers
Sonata - an instrumental composition usually in
four movements
Sostenuto - sustained
Staccato - detached, disconnected
Syneopation - displacement of accent, strong
beats were weak ones are expected
Theme - a brief melodic idea out of which a
musical work grows
Unison - singing of same notes
Vivace - viciously
 Activity 1.

Each group will sing a 2 songs.

One song must be a Folk song and
another one is Christmas Song.
Your performance will be evaluated
through Rubrics. (20 points)