Recommended Practice for

Railroad Transportation of
Line Pipe

API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5L1

SIXTH EDITION, JULY 2002
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 Recommended Practice for
Railroad Transportation of
Line Pipe

Upstream Segment

API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5L1

SIXTH EDITION, JULY 2002

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 !!

SPECIAL NOTES

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All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher,
API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.
R-%21)69,!X!IJJI!"401)*+.!#0,1-(0&4!$./,),&,0

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Reproduced by IHS under license with API 20:49:38 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
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 !!

FOREWORD

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iii
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Copyright American Petroleum Institute Document provided by IHS Licensee=Kellogg Borwn & Root/3262700001, 06/16/2004
Reproduced by IHS under license with API 20:49:38 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
Policy Group at 303-397-2295.
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Copyright American Petroleum Institute Document provided by IHS Licensee=Kellogg Borwn & Root/3262700001, 06/16/2004
Reproduced by IHS under license with API 20:49:38 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
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 !!

CONTENTS

#+60

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g7_ Q-&'(0!i=019+.6).6!P-+3/!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7! f

E+'(0/
O Q)/,+.*0!\1-4!#)%0![.3/!,-![.3:]0+1).6!D,1)%/ 7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7 !g

\)6&10/
O R9+1,!5-1!Q0,014).+,)-.!-5![?&+,)-.!\+*,-17!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7! S
I D,+,)*!P-+3!D,10//!R+(*&(+,)-.!R9+1, !7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7!7! L

Copyright American Petroleum Institute Document provided by IHS Licensee=Kellogg Borwn & Root/3262700001, 06/16/2004
Reproduced by IHS under license with API 20:49:38 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
Policy Group at 303-397-2295.
 --```,,,,,,,`,,``,`,,,,``,,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Copyright American Petroleum Institute Document provided by IHS Licensee=Kellogg Borwn & Root/3262700001, 06/16/2004
Reproduced by IHS under license with API 20:49:38 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
Policy Group at 303-397-2295.
 ! !!!! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !! !
Recommended Practice for Railroad Transportation of Line Pipe
1 Scope
1.1 GENERAL
E90!10*-440.3+,)-./!%1-=)303!9010).!+%%(2!,-!,90!,1+./:
%-1,+,)-.!-.!1+)(*+1/!-5!"#$!D%0*)C*+,)-.!SP!/,00(!().0!%)%0!).
/)T0/! IfkM! +.3! (+1601! ).! (0.6,9/! (-.601! ,9+,! /).6(0! 1+.3-47
E90! 10*-440.3+,)-./! -5! D0*,)-.! g! *-.*01.03! <),9! (-+3
/,10//0/! +10! 0@*(&/)=0(2! +%%()*+'(0! ,-! "#$! ().0! %)%0! 9+=).6
3)+40,01! ,-! ,9)*>.0//! HDktK! 1+,)-/! -5! SJ! -1! 4-107! ! b-<0=01;
%)%0!<),9!Dkt!1+,)-/!<0((!'0(-<!SJ!4+2!/&5501!5+,)6&0!).!,1+.:
/),!&.301!/-40!*)1*&4/,+.*0/;!+/!.-,03!).!,90!5-10<-137
E90/0!10*-440.3+,)-./!*-=01!*-+,03!-1!&.*-+,03!%)%0;!'&,
,902!3-!.-,!0.*-4%+//!(-+3).6!%1+*,)*0/!30/)6.03!,-!%1-,0*,
%)%0!*-+,).6!51-4!3+4+607
1.2 BASIC RULES AND REQUIREMENTS
R01,+).! 4).)4&4! 4+.3+,-12! 1&(0/! 6-=01.).6! ,90! (-+3).6
%1+*,)*0/!+10!%10/*1)'03!'2!,90!"//-*)+,)-.!-5!"401)*+.!V+)(:
1-+3/!H""VK!+/!105010.*03!).!,90!.0@,!/0*,)-.7
E90!10*-440.3+,)-./!6)=0.!9010).!+10!/&%%(040.,+12!,-!,90
""V!(-+3).6!%1+*,)*0/7!!$5!+.2!10*-440.3+,)-./!+10!).!*-.:
Y)*,!<),9!""V!(-+3).6!%1+*,)*0/;!,9-/0!-5!""V!/9+((!6-=01.7
--```,,,,,,,`,,``,`,,,,``,,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
A-,0Z! $5! ,90!""V! (-+3).6! 1&(0/! +10! .-,! +%%()*+'(0! ,-! ,90! 1+)(1-+3
,1+./%-1,+,)-.!-5!().0!%)%0!).!,90!*-&.,12!-5!-1)6).;!,90!'+/)*!(-+3).6
%1+*,)*0! /9+((! '0! +/! %10/*1)'03! ).! ,90! +%%()*+'(0! .+,)-.+((2! 10*-6:
.)T03! (-+3).6! 1&(0/! +.3! 10?&)1040.,/! 5-1! ,90! ,2%0! -5! 1+)(1-+3! *+1/
&/03!).!,90!*-&.,12!-5!-1)6).!+.3!,9+,!3-*&40.,!'0*-40/!,90!10501:
0.*0!,-!<9)*9!,90/0!/&%%(040.,+12!10*-440.3+,)-./!+%%(27
E90/0!/&%%(040.,+12!10*-440.3+,)-./!,-!""V!1&(0/!+10
5-1! ,90! *-.=0.)0.*0! -5! %&1*9+/01/! +.3! 4+.&5+*,&101/! ).! ,90
(-+3).6!+.3!/9)%%).6!-5!%)%0!+.3!+10!.-,!).,0.303!,-!).9)'),
%&1*9+/01/! +.3! 4+.&5+*,&101/! 51-4! &/).6! -,901! /&%%(040.:
,+12!(-+3).6!+.3!/9)%%).6!%1+*,)*0/!'2!4&,&+(!+610040.,7
2 References
F.(0//! -,901<)/0! /%0*)C03;! ,90! 4-/,! 10*0.,! 03),)-./! -1
10=)/)-./!-5!,90!5-((-<).6!%&'()*+,)-./!5-14!+!%+1,!-5!,9)/!10*:
-440.303!%1+*,)*0Z
"#$
D%0*!SP Specification for Line Pipe
""VO
Beneral Rules Governing the Loading of Commodities on
Open Top Cars
General Rules Governing the Loading of Pipe on Open
Top Car/
O"//-*)+,)-.!-5!"401)*+.!V+)(1-+3/;!SJ!\!D,100,;!A787;!8+/9).6,-.;
Q7R7!IJJJO
Copyright American Petroleum Institute
Reproduced by IHS under license with API
! !! !! ! ! !!! !!!! !!!! !! ! !!!
3 General Requirements (For All Pipe
Sizes 23/8 And Larger)
3.1 RAILCAR CONDITION
R+1/!&/03!,-!/9)%!%)%0!/9+((!'0!10+/-.+'(2!5100!-5!+((!5-1:
0)6.! 4+,01)+(/;! %+1,)*&(+1(2! ,9-/0! -5! /&*9! /)T0! +.3! 9+13.0//
,9+,!*-&(3!3+4+60!%)%0!3&1).6!/9)%40.,!'2!+'1+/)-.!-1!,9+,
*-&(3! *-.,1)'&,0! ,-! 4-=040.,! -5! ,90! %)%0! ).! ,90! *+1! 3&1).6
/9)%%).6!-1!9&4%).67!!R+1/!,9+,!9+=0!40,+(()*!%1-,1&/)-./!-.
,90!'03!-1!/)30/!H/&*9!+/!'0.,!-1!,-1.!%+1,/K!,9+,!<-&(3!10?&)10
0@*0//)=0!,9)*>.0//!-5!'0+1).6!/,1)%/!-1!-5!/)30!/,+>0/!,-!%10:
=0.,!*-.,+*,!-5!,90!%1-,1&/)-.!<),9!,90!%)%0!3&1).6!/9)%40.,
/9+((!.-,!'0!&/037
3.2 BEARING STRIPS AND BLOCKING
j0,+(()*!'0+1).6!/,1)%/!+10!%1-9)'),037!!D)30!%1-,0*,)-.!/9+((
'0!%1-=)303!5-1!%)%0!/9)%%03!).!6-.3-(+!*+1/!<9010!,90!%)%0
4+2!*-.,+*,!,90!/)30/!-5!,90!*+17!!](-*>).6;!<9010! 10?&)103
'0*+&/0! -5! &.0=0.! *+1! /)30/;! /9-&(3! '0! ).,1-3&*03! '0,<00.
*+1!/)30/!+.3!/,+>0/;!+.3!C14(2!+,,+*903!,-!/,+>0/7
E90! ,9)*>.0//! -5! ,90! '0+1).6! /,1)%/! /9+((! '0! /&5C*)0.,! ,-
%10=0.,!,90!%)%0!51-4!,-&*9).6!,90!'03!-1!%1-,1&/)-./!,9010-.;
'&,!).!.-!*+/0!(0//!,9+.!I:).7!HSJ!44K!.-4).+(!,9)*>.0//!+.3
g:).7!HOJJ!44K!.-4).+(!<)3,97!!\&1,9014-10;!,90!5-((-<).6
/),&+,)-./!/9+((!10?&)10!I:).7!HSJ!44K!.-4).+(!,9)*>.0//!+.3
L:).7! HOSJ! 44K! .-4).+(! <)3,9! 5-1! '0+1).6! /,1)%/;! 0@*0%,
<9010!""V!/,)%&(+,0/!610+,01!3)40./)-./Z!!%)%0!/)T0!"!L!Y-+,:
).6! (-+3/;! +.3! %)%0! /)T0! "! IJ! ).7! (-+3/! -,901! ,9+.! Y-+,).67
D,1)%!90)69,!/9+((!.-,!0@*003!/,1)%!<)3,97!!"!4).)4&4!-5!5-&1
'0+1).6!/,1)%/!/9+((!'0!&/03;!+.3!+.!0=0.!.&4'01!-5!'0+1).6
/,1)%/!/9-&(3!'0!&/03!5-1!0+*9!%)%0!/,+*>7!!]0+1).6!/,1)%/!/9+((
'0! 0=0.(2! /%+*03! H/00! g7S! +.3! g7L! 5-1! '0+1).6:/,1)%! 10?&)10:
40.,/!5-1!%)%0!<),9!Dkt!1+,)-/!-5!SJ!-1!4-10K7
E90!'0+1).6!/,1)%/!/9+((!'0!+()6.03!/-!,9+,!,90!(-+3!-.!).3):
=)3&+(! '0+1).6! 404'01/! )/! .-,! 0@*0//)=07! !"((! ).,01403)+,0
'0+1).6! 404'01/! /9-&(3! '0! (0=0(! <),9! 10/%0*,! ,-! ,90! 0.3
'0+1).6! 404'01/! <),9).! +%%1-@)4+,0(2! OkI! ).7! 5-1! %)%0! -5
/)T0/!LSkM!l!OL!0@*(&/)=0;!+.3!<),9).!+%%1-@)4+,0(2!Okg!).7!5-1
%)%0!-5!/)T0/!OL!+.3!(+1601!-1!5-1!+.2!%)%0!9+=).6!+! D/t!1+,)-
-5!SJ!-1!4-107!!E90!'(-*>).6!&/03!5-1!(0=0().6!/9+((!'0!C14(2
+,,+*903!,-!,90!'0+1).6!404'01/7
3.3 SEPARATOR STRIPS
b-1)T-.,+(!/0%+1+,-1!/,1)%/!/9+((!'0!&/03!<90.!,90!%)%0!)/
.-,! .0/,037! !E90! .&4'01! +.3! <)3,9! -5! /0%+1+,-1! /,1)%/! /9+((
*-.5-14!,-!,90!/,10//!10?&)1040.,/!5-1!'0+1).6!/,1)%/;!+.3!,90
(-*+,)-.!-5!/0%+1+,-1!/,1)%/!/9-&(3!'0!3)10*,(2!+'-=0!,90!'-,:
,-4!'0+1).6!/,1)%/7!!\-1!/).6(0!-1!3-&'(0!-=019+.6).6!(-+3/
&/).6! /0%+1+,-1! /,1)%/;! /&*9! /,1)%/! /9+((! +(/-! '0! &/03! -.! ,90
1
Document provided by IHS Licensee=Kellogg Borwn & Root/3262700001, 06/16/2004
20:49:38 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
Policy Group at 303-397-2295.
 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !
2 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5L1
-=019+.6).6! %-1,)-.;! +.3! ,9)/! %-1,)-.! /9+((! '0! /,00(! '+.303;
106+13(0//!-5!,90!Dkt!1+,)-7!!i=019+.6).6!/9+((!.-,!0@*003!,90
10?&)1040.,/!).!g7L!+.3!g7_7
3.4 HANDLING EQUIPMENT
890.!0.3!9-->/!+10!&/03!5-1!9+.3().6!%)%0;!,902!/9+((!'0
30/)6.03! ,-! %10=0.,! 0.3! 3+4+60! +.3! /9-&(3! '0! ().03! ).! ,90
+10+!-5!(+.3!H'0=0(!5+*0K!*-.,+*,!<),9!+!*&/9)-.).6!4+,01)+(
H5-1! 0@+4%(0;! +! .-.40,+(()*! 4+,01)+(! /&*9! +/! 1&''01! -1! +
40,+(()*! 4+,01)+(! /&*9! +/! +(&4).&4;! '&,! '1+//;! *-%%01;
'1-.T0;!+.3!+.2!*-%%01!+((-2!/9+((!'0!0@*(&303K7!!E902!/9+((
+(/-!9+=0!/&5C*)0.,!<)3,9!+.3!30%,9!,-!C,!,90!).,01.+(!*&1=+:
,&10!-5!,90!%)%07!![(+/,-401)*!+%1-./!/9+((!'0!+,,+*903!,-!%)%0
9-->/!,-!%1-,0*,!,90!%)%0!0.3/!&.(0//!%)%0!0.3/!+10!%1-=)303
<),9!+30?&+,0!0.3!%1-,0*,-1/7!!P)5,).6!/9+((!'0!*+11)03!-&,!).
/&*9!+!4+..01!,9+,!)4%+*,!(-+3/!/&5C*)0.,!,-!*+&/0!(-*+(!30.,:
).6! -1! -&,:-5:1-&.3.0//! -5! %)%0! '-32! -1! %)%0! 0.3/! <)((! .-,
-**&17!!890.!,90!%)%0!)/!9+.3(03!'2!(--/0!()5,/;!+((!.0*0//+12
%10*+&,)-./!/9-&(3!'0!,+>0.!3&1).6!9+.3().6!,-!%10=0.,!%)%0
3+4+60;! +.3! *-./)301+,)-.! /9-&(3! '0! 6)=0.! ,-! /0(0*,)-.! -5
/().6/!,9+,!<)((!%10=0.,!/&15+*0!3+4+607!!89010!5-1>!()5,/!+10
&/03;! ,90! 5-1>! 0.3/! /9+((! '0! 1-&.303! -1! %1-%01(2! %+3303! ,-
4).)4)T0!3+4+60!,-!,90!%)%07
3.5 PIPE WITH FILLER METAL WELD SEAMS
#)%0!<),9!C((01!40,+(!<0(3!/0+4/!HD"8!+.3!Bj"8K!/9+((
'0!%-/),)-.03!-1!%+3303!).!/&*9!+!4+..01!,9+,!,90!<0(3!3-0/
.-,! *-.,+*,! 0),901! ,90! '(-*>).6! -1! ,90! +3W+*0.,! %)%07! !890.
9-1)T-.,+(!/,1)%%).6!)/!&/03!5-1!/,1+)69,!C((01!40,+(!<0(3!/0+4
%)%0!HD"8!+.3!Bj"8K;!,90!<0(3!/0+4!/9+((!'0!%-/),)-.03
+,!gS!306100/;!m!S!306100/;!51-4!=01,)*+(7!!#)%0!<),9!+!/,1+)69,
C((01! 40,+(! <0(3! /0+4! HD"8! +.3! Bj"8K! /9+((! '0! %-/):
,)-.03!<),9!,90!/0+4!+,!J!-1!OMJ!306100/!H).!-,901!<-13/;
OI! -1! L! -n*(-*>! %-/),)-.K!<90.!.0/,03;!).!-1301!,-!%10=0.,
%)%0:,-:<0(3!/0+4!*-.,+*,7!!\&1,9014-10;!<0(3!/0+4/!/9-&(3
'0!-1)0.,03!,-!+=-)3!*-.,+*,!<),9!/,00(!'+.3).6!/,1+%/7!!
3.6 END PROTECTION (GONDOLAS)
$5!+.2!-5!,90!%)%0!0.3/!+10!*(-/01!,9+.!S!5,!HO7S!4K!,-!,90
0.3!-5!,90!*+1;!+!4).)4&4!-5!O!).7!HIS!44K!.-4).+(!,9)*>.0//
1-&69!(&4'01;!-1!),/!0?&)=+(0.,;!/9+((!'0!/0*&10(2!+,,+*903!,-
,90!0.3!-5!,90!*+1!,-!%10=0.,!,90!%)%0!0.3/!51-4!*-.,+*,).6!,90
0.3!6+,0/7!!#014+.0.,(2!<--3:().03!0.3!6+,0/!+10!*-./)30103
/&),+'(0!5-1!0.3!%1-,0*,)-.7!!",!,90!,)40!-5!(-+3).6;!+!4).):
4&4!*(0+1+.*0!-5!O!5,!HJ7f!4K!/9+((!'0!%1-=)303!'0,<00.!,90
0.3!6+,0/!+.3!0+*9!0.3!-5!,90!%)%0!,-!5+*)(),+,0!9+.3().67
Copyright American Petroleum Institute
Reproduced by IHS under license with API
3.7 BANDING AND TYING-DOWN
[4%9+/)/! /9-&(3! '0! %(+*03! -.! 4).)4)T).6! (-+3! /9)5,).6
+.3!/&'/0?&0.,!3+4+60!,-!,90!%)%0!'2!&.),)T).6!,90!0.,)10!(-+3;
-1!/%0*)C*!%-1,)-./!,9010-5;!<),9!/,00(!'+.3/!-5!+,!(0+/,!O!).7
HIS!44K!<)3,97!!E90!'+.3/!/9-&(3!'0!%1-%01(2!/%+*03;!-5!/&5:
C*)0.,!.&4'01;!+.3!%1-%01(2!,0./)-.03!,-!103&*0!,90!,0.30.*2
-5!,90!%)%0!,-!4-=0!/0%+1+,0(2!51-4!,90!&.),)T03!(-+3!),/0(57
89)(0! ,)0:3-<.! '+.3/! 4+2! '0! +3=+.,+60-&/! 5-1! /-40
(-+3/;!1+)(!9+.3().6!-1!9&4%).6!4+2!(--/0.!-1!'10+>!,)0:3-<.
'+.3/7!!89010!Y+,!,)0:3-<.!'+.3/!+10!&/03;!,902!/9+((!9+=0!+
4).)4&4!<)3,9!-5!O!).7!HIS!44K7!!89010!<)10!1-%0!-1!*9+)./
+10!&/03;!+30?&+,0!%+33).6!/9+((!'0!&/03!+,!%-).,/!-5!*-.,+*,
<),9!%)%07
3.8 INSPECTION
E90!%&1*9+/01n/!)./%0*,-1!/9+((!9+=0!+**0//!,-!(-+3).6!+.3
&.(-+3).6!5+*)(),)0/!<),9!10+/-.+'(0!+3=+.*0!.-,)*0!-5!(-+3).6
+.3!&.(-+3).67
3.8.1 Loading
Q+4+603!%)%0!/9+((!.-,!'0!(-+303!-.!'-+137!!$5!3+4+603
%)%0!)/!30,0*,03!-.!'-+13;!),!/9-&(3!'0!.-,03!-.!,90!')((!-5!(+3:
).6!+.3!,90!%)%0!4+1>03!'2!,90!*+11)01!,-!).3)*+,0!%10,1+./),
--```,,,,,,,`,,``,`,,,,``,,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
3+4+607
3.8.2 Unloading
#)%0!3+4+60!30,0*,03!3&1).6!,1+./),!-1!&.(-+3).6!/9-&(3!'0
%1-4%,(2! 10%-1,03! ,-! ,90! *+11)01! +.3k-1! 4+.&5+*,&101! +.3
+%%1-%1)+,0(2!4+1>03!+.3!/0,!+/)30!5-1!5&1,901!)./%0*,)-.7
4 Load Stresses (For Pipe With D/t " 50)
4.1 GENERAL
\-1! %)%0! 9+=).6! Dkt! 1+,)-! -5! SJ! -1! (+1601;! *-./)301+,)-.
/9-&(3!'0!6)=0.!,-!'-,9!,90!/,+,)*!+.3!32.+4)*!5-1*0/!,9+,!+*,
&%-.!,90!%)%0!3&1).6!1+)(!/9)%40.,;!).!-1301!,-!4).)4)T0!,90
-**&110.*0!-5!(-.6),&3).+(!5+,)6&0!*1+*>/7!!E90!5-((-<).6!10*:
-440.3+,)-./! +39010! ,-! ,90! %9)(-/-%92! -5! /0,,).6! +! 4+@):
4&4! +((-<+'(0! /,+,)*! (-+3! /,10//;! &/).6! +! g! 5+*,-1! -5! O7S! ,-
+**-&.,!5-1!0@%0*,03!*2*()*!/,10//0/7
4.2 STATIC LOAD STRESS
E90!/,+,)*!(-+3!/,10//;!#s;!)/!*+(*&(+,03!51-4!,90!0?&+,)-.Z
$ nL % D D
# s o J7I D! ::::::::::: ! :::: !ln! ( :::::) !5-1!FDR!&.),/
B t & It'
$ nL % D D
D! ::::::::::: ! :::: !ln! ( :::::) !5-1!D$!F.),/
lg
# s o e7JS * OJ
B t & It'
Document provided by IHS Licensee=Kellogg Borwn & Root/3262700001, 06/16/2004
20:49:38 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document
Policy Group at 303-397-2295.
 --```,,,,,,,`,,``,`,,,,``,,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! !! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !

RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION OF LINE PIPE 3

<9010 A-,0Z!89)(0!,90!kInL/B!*&1=0/!+10!%(-,,03!5-1!,90!4-/,!*-44-.!/),&:
+,)-./;!).,01403)+,0! kInL/B!=+(&0/!4+2!'0!).,01%-(+,037!!".2!=+(&0/
n o D,+*>).6!(-+3!5+*,-1;!<9)*9!)/!,90!.&4'01!-5! .-,!/9-<.!-.!,90!*&1=0/!4+2!'0!*+(*&(+,03!51-4!,90!5-14&(+!).!g7I7
1-</!).!,90!%)%0!(-+3;!<90,901!%1-=)303!<),9!
E90! 9-1)T-.,+(! ().0/! +%%0+1).6! -.! \)6&10! I! 10%10/0.,! ,90
/0%+1+,-1!/,1)%/!-1!.0/,03;
4+@)4&4!/,+,)*!(-+3!/,10//0/!%014),,03!&.301!5+,)6&0!*-.3):
L o 4+@)4&4!(0.6,9!-5!).3)=)3&+(!%)%0;!5,!H4K; ,)-./!&/).6!+! g!5+*,-1!-5!O7S7!!E90/0!=+(&0/!+10!()4),03!,-!,90
(0//01!-5!J7g!,)40/!/%0*)C03!4).)4&4!2)0(3!/,10.6,9!HDjpDK
B o 0550*,)=0!.&4'01!-5!'0+1).6!/,1)%/7!!Q)40./)-./! -1! J7f! ,)40/! /%0*)C03! 4).)4&4! &(,)4+,0! ,0./)(0! /,10.6,9
-5!'0+1).6!/,1)%/!/9+((!*-4%(2!<),9!f7I; HFEDK7!!$5!,90!=+(&0!0@*003/!,9-/0!%014),,03!5-1!,90!61+30!-5
D o /%0*)C03!iQ!-5!%)%0;!).7!H44K; ().0!%)%0!).=-(=03;!+33),)-.+(!'0+1).6!/,1)%/!/9+((!'0!%1-=)303
-1!,90!/,+*>).6!90)69,!103&*037
t o /%0*)C03!<+((!,9)*>.0//;!).7!H44K;
A-,0Z! \-1! %)%0! -5! /,10.6,9! (0=0(/! ).! 0@*0//! -5! B1+30! ^LJ;! &/0! ,90
4+@)4&4!/,10//0/!%014),,03!5-1!^LJ7
D) D
ln (& ::::
: o .+,&1+(!(-6+1),94!-5! ::::
: !7
It' It
4.5 BEARING STRIPS
4.3 MAXIMUM STATIC LOAD STRESS E90!4).)4&4!.&4'01!-5!Y+,!'0+1).6!/,1)%/!5-1!/).6(0!1+)(:
*+1/! /9+((! '0! ,90! .&4'01! 10?&)103! ,-! ()4),! ,90! /,10//! ,-! ,90
E90! /,+,)*! (-+3! /,10//;! #/;! /9+((! .-,! 0@*003! J7g! ,)40/! ,90 4+@)4&4!+((-<+'(0!+/!/0,!5-1,9!).!g7f!+.3!g7g7!
/%0*)C03! 4).)4&4! 2)0(3! /,10.6,9! HDjpDK! 5-1! 61+30/! (0// $5!,90!*+(*&(+,03!/,+,)*!(-+3!/,10//!//!)/!0?&+(!,-!-1!610+,01
,9+.!B1+30!^SI7!!\-1!61+30/!^SI!+.3!9)6901;!,90!/,+,)*!(-+3 ,9+.! HB! :! OK! k! B! ,)40/! ,90! 4+@)4&4! +((-<+'(0! /,+,)*! (-+3
/,10//!/9+((!.-,!0@*003!J7f!,)40/!,90!/%0*)C03!4).)4&4!&(,): /,10//;!0@,1+!'0+1).6!/,1)%/!/9+((!'0!+3303;!-1!<0360/!/9+((!'0
4+,0!,0./)(0!/,10.6,9!HFEDK7 %1-=)303!-.!,90!0.3!'0+1).6!/,1)%/7
"/! +.! +(,01.+,)=0;! '0+1).6! /,1)%/! *-.,-&103! ,-! *-.,+*,! ,90
4.4 GRAPHICAL DETERMINATION OF STATIC %)%0! 5-1! +! 4).)4&4! ).*(&303! +.6(0! -5! fJ! 306100/! 4+2! '0
LOAD STRESS &/037!!$5!/&*9!*-.,-&103!/,1)%/!+10!&/03;!,90!.&4'01!10?&)103
\)6&10!O!)/!+!*9+1,!5-1!-',+).).6!,90!0?&+,)-.!5+*,-1 4+2!'0!103&*03!,-!.-,!(0//!,9+.!-.0:9+(5!,90!.&4'01!-5!Y+,
'0+1).6! /,1)%/! *+(*&(+,03! ).! +**-13+.*0! <),9! ,90! %10*03).6
D D 10?&)1040.,/7
k O D! :::: !ln! ( :::::)
t & It' ".!+(,01.+,)=0!40,9-3!5-1!*+(*&(+,).6!,90!4).)4&4!.&4:
'01!-5!Y+,!'0+1).6!/,1)%/!HBK!)/!,-!&/0!,90!5-((-<).6!0?&+,)-.;
<9010 <9010! #/! 4+@! )/! ,90! 4+@)4&4! /,+,)*! (-+3! /,10//! 51-4! g7f7
\1+*,)-.+(!=+(&0/!-5!]!4&/,!+(<+2/!'0!1-&.303!&%!,-!,90!.0@,
kO!HFDR!&.),/K o J7I <9-(0!.&4'017
kO!HD$!&.),/K o J7Jg D
J7I!nL!D ! ln ! ( :::::)
f+I
& It'
5-1!%)%0!/)T0/!OL!+.3!(+1601;!<),9!=+1)-&/!<+((!,9)*>.0//0/ B o ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: !5-1!FDR!&.),/
$ # s !4+@ %t
<),9).!,90!/*-%0!-5!,9)/!10*-440.303!%1+*,)*07
\)6&10!I!)/!+!*9+1,!5-1!,90!*+(*&(+,)-.!-5!/,10//0/!5-1!*-4: D
e7JS * OJ !nL!D !ln! ( :::::)
lg f+I
4-.(2!-',+).03!kInL/B!5+*,-1/;! & It'
B o ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: !5-1!D$!&.),/
<9010! $ # s !4+@ %t

kI!HFDR!&.),/K o O
4.6 BEARING STRIP PLACEMENT
kI!HD$!&.),/K! o ! f7IM7
]0+1).6! /,1)%/! /9+((! '0! /%+*03! +%%1-@)4+,0(2! /2440,1):
E-!&/0!\)6&10!I;!,90!=+(&0!-5! *+((2! +'-&,! ,90! *0.,01! -5! ,90! %)%0! /,+*>! ).! -1301! ,-! %1-=)30
&.)5-14!(-+3!3)/,1)'&,)-.7
D D E90!3)/,+.*0!51-4!%)%0!0.3/!,-!0.3:'0+1).6!/,1)%/!/9+((!'0
k O D :::: ln ( :::::)
t & It' +/!/9-<.!).!E+'(0!O7

4.7 DOUBLE OVERHANGING LOADS

-',+).03!51-4!\)6&10!O!)/!5-&.3!+(-.6!,90!+'/*)//+7!!E90!-13):
.+,0!-5!,90!).,01/0*,)-.!-5!,9)/!=+(&0!<),9!,90!%1-%01!.Pk]! \-1!3-&'(0!-=019+.6).6!(-+3/!-.!*+1/!SI!5,!HOS;M!4K!+.3
*&1=0!10%10/0.,/!,90!*+(*&(+,03!/,+,)*!(-+3!/,10//7 (-.601! ).! <9)*9! ,90! -=019+.6! 0@*003/! ,90! 10?&)1040.,/! -5

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 4 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5L1

g7L;! ,90! .&4'01! -5! Y+,! '0+1).6! /,1)%/! /9+((! '0! O7g! ,)40/! ,90 Table 1 – Distance From Pipe Ends to
.&4'01!10?&)103!,-!()4),!,90!/,10//!,-!,90!4+@)4&4!+((-<+'(0 End-Bearing Strips
+/!/0,!5-1,9!).!g7O!,91-&69!g7S;!0@*0%,!,9+,!)5!,90!0.3!'0+1).6
#)%0!D)T0 j).)4&4!Q)/,+.*0 j+@)4&4!Q)/,+.*0
/,1)%/!+10!0),901!*-.,-&103!-1!<0360!'(-*>03;!,90!.&4'01!-5
'0+1).6!/,1)%/!4+2!'0!103&*0!'2!I7!!$.!,90!*+/0!-5!3-&'(0!-=01: q!OL O7S!iQ S!5,!HO;S!4K
9+.6).6!(-+3/!-5!(-.6!%)%0!-.!*+1/!SI!5,!HOS;M!4K!+.3!(-.601; OL!,-!fJ;!).*(7 O7S!iQ L!5,!HO;M!4K
,90!0.3!'0+1).6!/,1)%/!/9-&(3!'0!(-*+,03!+/!*(-/0!,-!,90!0.3/!-5 r!fJ g!5,!HO;I!4K L!5,!HO;M!4K
,90!*+1/!+/!%-//)'(0!+.3!/9+((!'0!.-!4-10!,9+.!OM!5,!HS;S!4K
51-4! ,90! 0.3/! -5! ,90! %)%07! ! E90! 104+).).6! /,1)%/! /9-&(3! '0
+%%1-@)4+,0(2!0=0.(2!/%+*037!!

--```,,,,,,,`,,``,`,,,,``,,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

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 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION OF LINE PIPE 5

Wall thickness (mm)

5 10 15 20 25
SIZE 36"

900
34" 48
46

800

700 30"

44
( D)
l , -
& 2 t'

42
600
D
t

26"
D
1
k

500
Equation factor =

24"

22"
400

20"

300
18"

16"
200

D = 50
100 t

0
0.100 0.200 0.300 0.400 0.500 0.600 0.700 0.800 0.900 1.000
Wall thickness (in.)
--```,,,,,,,`,,``,`,,,,``,,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Figure 1—Chart for Determination of Equation Factor

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 6 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5L1

35

180
160

120
140

100

90

80

70

60

55

50
30

45
200

40
#s max=maximum static load stress, ksi

25
Grade
x60 35
150
x56
20

#s max MPa
x52 30
x46
x42 25
15
100

10

--```,,,,,,,`,,``,`,,,,``,,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
50
5

0
100 200 300
400 500 600 700
D (D )
Equation factors = k1 D ln , - ; see Figure 1
t & 2 t'
(nL ) D (D )
# s = 0.2 D , - ln , - for USC units
& B' t & 2 t'

$ nL % D D
D ---------- ---- ! ln ! ( ----- ) for SI Units
lg
#s = 9.05 * 10
B t & 2t '

# s = Static load stress psi (MPa) Maximum allowable fatigue stress

n = Stacking load factor based on 0.40 times yield strength
L = Length of pipe, ft (m) or 0.30 times tensile strength
B = Effective no. of bearing strips (whichever is smaller).
D = Diameter of pipe in. (mm) This assumes a "g " factor of 1.5
t = Wall thickness, in. (mm)

Figure 2—Static Load Stress Calculation Chart

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07/02

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 Additional copies are available through Global Engineering
Documents at (800) 854-7179 or (303) 397-7956
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available on the World Wide Web at: http://www.api.org

--```,,,,,,,`,,``,`,,,,``,,``,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Product No. G5L106
Copyright American Petroleum Institute Document provided by IHS Licensee=Kellogg Borwn & Root/3262700001, 06/16/2004
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