物理冶金 Problem 3.

3 魏茂國

(a) Make the actual calculation for the Madelung or attractive energy term of the Born
equation for the NaCl lattice using the cgs system. Give your answer in kcal per mol
and compare it with the value in Table 3.2. (b) Also give your answer in joules per mol.
(r = 2.8210-8 cm, e = 4.810-10 statcoulomb, 1 cal = 4.185107 ergs = 4.185 J,
N = 6.0221023 mol-1)

1.7476e
(a) M  
2

 10
1.7476  4.8  10 statcoulomb 
2

 1.428  10 11 (ergs )

r 2.82  10 8 cm
1.428  10 11 ergs
 M     3 . 412  10 19
cal
4.185  10 ergs / cal
7

cal kcal
U  N  M  6.022  10 23 mol 1  3.412  10 19 cal  2.055  105  205.5
mol mol

cal J J kJ
(b) U  2.055  105  4.185  8.600 105  860.0
mol cal mol mol
1
物理冶金 Problem 3.6 魏茂國

Determine the magnitude and direction of the force between a dipole and an electron if
r = 0.35 nm,  = 45, a = 1.510-3 nm and the dipole charges are the same as that on an
electron. (k = 9109 Nm2/C2, e = 1.610-19 C)

2
物理冶金 Problem 3.6 魏茂國

  ea  1.6  10 19 C  1.5 10 3  10 9 m   2.4  10 31 C  m

2ke cos 
Fr 
r3
 9 Nm 
   
2
 31 19
2   9  10 2 
  2 .4  10 Cm   1 .6  10 C  cos 45
 C  11
 Fr   1 .14  10 N

0.35  10 m 9

3

 9 Nm 
   
2
 31 19
 9  10 2 
  2 . 4  10 Cm   1 . 6  10 C  sin 45
ke sin   C  11
F     0 .57  10 N
r 3

0.35  10 m 9 3

 0.57  10 11 N
tan  '  11
 0.5   '  26.6
 1.14  10 N

The drawing below shows the orientation relationships involved in computing the
force on the electron due to the dipole.

3
物理冶金 Problem 3.7 魏茂國

The zero point energy of the solid neon crystal is reported to be 590 J/mol. On the basis
of this information, estimate the maximum lattice vibrational frequency, vm, of the neon
lattice. Use the mks system of units in solving this problem. (N = 6.0221023 mol-1,
h = 6.62610-34 Js)

9
Ez  Nhvm
8
where Ez is the vibrational energy per mole at 0 K

590
J
mol 8
9
   
  6.022  10 23 mol 1  6.626  10 34 J  s  vm

 vm  1.313  1012 ( Hz )