Chapter 13 Interstitial Diffusion

13.4 Compare the relaxation times, , of vanadium and tantalum, due to the presence of oxygen
atoms in solid solution, at 400 K. The lattice parameters of vanadium and tantalum are,
respectively, equal to 0.3029 and 0.3303 nm. (R: 8.314 J/molK)

a 2 3 2 2 a 2
D  ,          
 2 3 3 D
(a) The diffusion equation for oxygen in vanadium conforms to the equation:
125 , 000
 m2 
D  26.61  10 7 e RT  
 s 

1
  , a  0.3029nm , T  400 K
24

2a 2
2
1
24

 0.3029  10  9 m 
2

     20.19s
3D  125, 000
J

 J
mol 
 8.314  400 K m 2 
3   26.61  10  7 e mol  K
s 
 
 
 
(b) The diffusion equation for oxygen in tantalum conforms to the equation:
110 , 000
 m2 
D  10.50  10 7 e RT  
 s 

1
  , a  0.3303nm , T  400 K
24

2a 2
2
1
24

 0.3303  10  9 m2

     0.669 s
3D  110 , 000
J

 J
mol 
 8.314  400 K m 2 
3  10.5  10 7 e mol  K
s 
 
 
 
13.5 (a) Determine the mean time of stay, , of a nitrogen atom in a tantalum interstitial site at 400
K. (b) At what temperature would  equal 1.0 second? (a: 0.3303 nm, R: 8.314 J/molK)

a 2 a 2
(a) D  
 D
The diffusion equation for nitrogen in tantalum conforms to the equation:
158 , 000
 m2 
D  5.21  10 7 e RT  
 s 

1
  , a  0.3303nm , T  400 K
24
1
a 2 
 0.3303  10 9 m
2

  24 158 , 000
 3.751  106 s
D  m 2

5.21  10 7 e 8.314 400  
 s 
158 , 000
a 2 a 2 a 2  158,000  a 2 
(b)    e RT
   ln 
D 158 , 000
5.21  10 
7
RT  5.21  10 
7

5.21  10 7 e RT

 158,000
T 
 a 2 
R  ln 
 5.21  10 
7

1
  , a  0.3303nm ,   1s
24
 158,000
T  587( K )
 1

 24  0.3303  10
9
 
2

8.314  ln  7 
 5.21  10  1 
 

13.7 A torsion pendulum with a vanadium wire containing nitrogen and a period of 2.00 seconds
shows a decrease in the pendulum amplitude, A, of 10 percent in 100 cycles of oscillation at
350 K. Compute: (a) The specific damping capacity. (b) The logarithmic decrement. (c) Tan ,
where  is the phase angle by which the strain lags the stress.
  10% A 
2 
E 2A  100   2  10 3
(a)  
E A A
 
A   A1   1 
(b)   ln 1   ln    ln   1  10
3

 A2   1  10%  A   0.999 
   1
100  
 1  103
(c) tan     3.18  10 4
 