Human Body in Health and Illness 6th Edition Herlihy Test Bank

Chapter 07: Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Herlihy: The Human Body in Health and Illness, 6th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The stratum germinativum and the stratum corneum are layers of the
a. epidermis.
b. hypodermis.
c. subcutaneous tissue.
d. dermis.
ANS: A

2. Which of the following is associated with tanning?

a. Sudoriferous glands
b. Apocrine glands
c. Arrector pili muscles
d. Melanocytes
ANS: D

3. Who or what is covered with vernix caseosa?

a. A pregnant woman
b. A toddler
c. A fetus
d. The pregnant uterus
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ANS: C

4. Which word is most descriptive of sudoriferous?

a. Yellow
b. Sweat
c. Hot
d. Tan
ANS: B

5. If the blood vessels of the skin dilate, the person appears

a. jaundiced.
b. flushed.
c. cyanotic.
d. pale and washed out.
ANS: B

6. Ceruminous glands secrete

a. vernix caseosa.
b. sweat.
c. wax in the outer ear.
d. melanin.
ANS: C

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 Human Body in Health and Illness 6th Edition Herlihy Test Bank

7. Freckles and moles are caused by an accumulation of

a. bilirubin.
b. vernix caseosa.
c. melanin.
d. keratin.
ANS: C

8. Which of the following is a consequence of a congenital absence of eccrine glands?

a. Jaundice I
b. Vitiligo wont secrete
c. Acne vulgaris
d. Inability to regulate body temperature \ swe_at_
ANS: D

9. Radiation, conduction, convection, and evaporation are terms that are concerned with
a. heat loss.
b. skin color.
c. sweat glands.
d. exocrine secretions.
ANS: A

10. Hives are called

a. impetigo.
b. urticaria.
c. psoriasis.
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d. vitiligo.
ANS: B

11. The color of skin that is supplied by oxygen-poor blood is described as

a. flushed.
b. jaundiced.
c. cyanotic.
d. pink.
ANS: C

12. Which of the following lies on the subcutaneous layer?

a. Stratum corneum
b. Epidermis
c. Dermis
d. Stratum germinativum
ANS: C

13. Which of the following substances makes the skin water resistant?
a. Melanin
b. Iron pigments
c. Keratin

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 Human Body in Health and Illness 6th Edition Herlihy Test Bank

d. Carotene
ANS: C

14. What is the result of the contraction of the arrector pili muscles?
a. Nail growth
b. Goosebumps
c. Sweating
d. Tanning
ANS: B

15. Which type of gland secretes vernix caseosa in the fetus?

a. Sudoriferous
b. Apocrine
c. Eccrine
d. Sebaceous
ANS: D

16. Which gland is most likely to develop a blackhead or pimple?

a. Sebaceous
b. Apocrine
c. Eccrine
d. Sudoriferous
ANS: A

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17. Which glands are most responsible INbody
GTB.C
odor?OM
a. Apocrine
b. Arrector pili
c. Eccrine
d. Sebaceous
ANS: A

18. Both the mammary glands and ceruminous glands

a. are sebaceous glands.
b. are modified sweat glands.
c. are concerned with temperature regulation.
d. secrete earwax.
ANS: B

19. Which of the following is associated with the conservation of heat?

a. The person appears flushed.
b. The person sweats.
c. Melanin is secreted.
d. Blood vessels constrict.
ANS: D

20. A person sweats and becomes flushed while exercising to

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 Human Body in Health and Illness 6th Edition Herlihy Test Bank

a. decrease heat production.

b. keep the heat in the core or center of the body.
c. lose heat.
d. prevent hypothermia.
ANS: C

21. What is the effect of shivering?

a. Increases heat production
b. Increases heat loss
c. Causes the blood vessels of the skin to dilate
d. Decreases sweating
ANS: A

22. Which of the following has the poorest prognosis (expected outcome)?
a. Freckles
b. Vitiligo
c. Melanoma
d. Albinism
ANS: C

23. The layer that insulates the body from extreme temperature changes in the external
environment is the
a. epidermis.
b. subcutaneous layer.
c. stratum germinativum.
d. dermis.
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ANS: B

24. Which of the following structures is avascular?

a. Epidermis
b. Subcutaneous layer
c. Dermis
d. Underlying muscle
ANS: A

25. The name of the yellow pigment found in skin is

a. keratin.
b. collagen.
c. carotene.
d. vitamin D.
ANS: C

26. This substance is produced by the skin and is necessary for the absorption of calcium from the
digestive tract.
a. Keratin
b. Vitamin D
c. Carotene

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 Human Body in Health and Illness 6th Edition Herlihy Test Bank

d. Collagen
ANS: B
-

27. Anticancer drugs often cause hair loss, a condition called

a. alopecia.
b. hirsutism.
c. vitiligo.
d. keratinization.
ANS: A

28. Sweat glands usually associated with hair follicles and found in the axillary and genital areas
are called
a. ceruminous glands.
b. eccrine glands.
c. sebaceous glands.
d. apocrine glands.
ANS: D

29. Which action is most likely to lower body temperature?

a. Shivering
b. Vasoconstriction
c. Cyanosis
d. Vasodilation
ANS: D
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30. What is the name of the thickening of the epidermis that develops in response to constant
pressure or irritation?
a. Nevus
b. Vitiligo
c. Callus
d. Blister
ANS: C

31. The stratum germinativum is

a. dead.
b. mitotically active.
c. found in the derma layer.
d. located in the subcutaneous layer.
ANS: B

32. Which of the following occurs as a result of the secretion of fetal sebaceous glands?
a. Amniotic fluid surrounds the fetus.
b. The fetus is covered by vernix caseosa.
c. The fetus raises its body temperature.
d. Melanin is released and the fetus attains its natural skin color.
ANS: B

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 Human Body in Health and Illness 6th Edition Herlihy Test Bank

33. The hypodermis

a. contains the stratum germinativum and stratum corneum.
b. gives rise to the hair follicle.
c. is also called the subcutaneous layer.
d. is the cutaneous membrane.
ANS: C

34. The sebaceous, apocrine, and eccrine glands are _____ glands.
a. sweat
b. endocrine
c. sebum-secreting
d. exocrine
ANS: D

35. Nonshivering thermogenesis is accomplished by

a. involuntary contraction of skeletal muscles.
b. constriction of the dermal blood vessels.
c. metabolism associated with brown fat.
d. involuntary contraction of the arrector pili muscles.
ANS: C

36. Which of the following is descriptive of the epidermal layer?

a. It is nourished by blood vessels in the dermal layer.
b. It sits on the subcutaneous layer.
NUgerminativum.
c. It sits inferior to the stratum
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d. It contains the cutaneous blood vessels, free nerve endings, tactile receptors, and
arrector pili muscles.
ANS: A

37. Which of the following is least descriptive of the dermal layer?

a. It is nourished by blood vessels in the epidermal layer.
b. It sits on the subcutaneous layer.
c. It supports the epidermis.
d. It contains the cutaneous blood vessels, free nerve endings, tactile receptors, and
arrector pili muscles.
ANS: A

38. What is the structure in this description: The cells are continuously dividing, pushing older
cells toward the surface of the cutaneous membrane?
a. Sudoriferous glandular epithelium
b. Dermis
c. Arrector pili
d. Stratum germinativum
ANS: D

39. The stratum corneum is

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 Human Body in Health and Illness 6th Edition Herlihy Test Bank

a. the outermost layer of the epidermis.

b. an epidermal layer.
c. nourished by blood vessels within the dermis.
d. all of the above.
ANS: D

40. The subcutaneous layer

a. is composed of the stratum germinativum and stratum corneum.
b. contains adipose tissue.
c. cushions, binds, and insulates.
d. Two of the above are true.
ANS: D

41. Melanocytes
a. secrete a tanning pigment in response to exposure to sunlight.
b. secrete bilirubin and cause jaundice.
c. are located only in the external ear and secrete cerumen.
d. secrete carotene, giving the skin a yellow tint.
ANS: A

42. Cyanosis
a. refers to a bluish coloring of the skin caused by hypoxemia.
b. refers to a yellow coloring of the skin caused by elevated blood levels of bilirubin.
c. is caused by abnormal and spotty deposition of melanin.
d. is a hardening of the skin due to keratin.
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ANS: A

43. Which of the following is true of sebaceous glands?

a. They are exocrine glands.
b. They are primarily responsible for temperature regulation.
c. They secrete melanin in response to ultraviolet radiation.
d. They secrete vitamin D in response to ultraviolet radiation.
ANS: A

44. Eccrine glands

a. are sweat glands.
b. secrete sebum.
c. are active only after puberty.
d. arise within the hypodermis.
ANS: A

45. Apocrine glands

a. become active at puberty.
b. are exocrine glands.
c. are found primarily in the axillary and genital areas.
d. All of the above are true.

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 Human Body in Health and Illness 6th Edition Herlihy Test Bank

ANS: D

46. Vernix caseosa is

a. secreted by eccrine glands.
b. a cream cheese-like substance covering the skin of the fetus.
c. found in a pimple.
d. primarily concerned with temperature regulation.
ANS: B

47. The hypothalamus

a. is the body’s thermostat.
b. can be affected by pyrogens.
c. is involved in thermoregulation.
d. All of the above are true.
ANS: D

48. To lose heat, flushing is generally accompanied by

a. activation of the eccrine glands.
b. secretion of sebum.
c. contraction of the arrector pili muscles.
d. constriction of the cutaneous blood vessels.
ANS: A

49. Shivering
a. can restore temperature to normal but can never elevate temperature above 99 F.
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b. involves the involuntary contraction
B.Cthe
OMarrector pili muscles.
c. produces heat.
d. activates the sebaceous glands.
ANS: C

50. Brown fat is found in the fetus and neonate and is concerned with
a. regulation of thirst.
b. urine production by the fetal kidney.
c. nonshivering thermogenesis.
d. regulation of fetal and neonatal blood glucose.
ANS: D

51. Rectal temperature is

a. a measure of shell temperature.
b. lower than oral and axillary temperatures.
c. higher in the early morning than in late afternoon.
d. a measurement of core temperature.
ANS: D

52. Keratin is
a. found only in the hypodermis.
b. carried to the stratum corneum by the dermal blood vessels.

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 Human Body in Health and Illness 6th Edition Herlihy Test Bank

c. a protein that hardens and makes an epidermal cell water resistant.

d. pigment that makes the skin dark when exposed to the sun.
ANS: C

53. Which of the following is least true of the epidermis?

a. Is the thin outer layer of the skin
b. Sits on the subcutaneous layer
c. Is avascular
d. Contains the stratum germinativum and the stratum corneum
ANS: B

54. Which of the following describes exfoliation and desquamation?

a. The sloughing off by the stratum corneum of dead cells
b. The elimination of heat as part of the thermoregulatory mechanism
c. The conservation of heat as part of the thermoregulatory mechanism
d. Tanning as a protective mechanism from ultraviolet radiation
ANS: A

55. Dander and dandruff are

a. composed of dead skin cells.
b. clumps of infected sebum.
c. called striae.
d. worn out tactile receptors.
ANS: A
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56. Which of the following is a true statement about hirsutism?
a. It is also called alopecia.
b. It may occur in response to abnormal secretion of hormones such as steroids.
c. It is an abnormal color change of the skin.
d. It refers to an inability to regulate body temperature.
ANS: B

57. The hair follicle is

a. the part of the hair that is above the surface of the skin.
b. composed of epithelial cells.
c. composed of dead and keratinized cells.
d. that which we brush, blow dry, curl, and iron.
ANS: B

58. With aging the hair becomes gray and then white as
a. melanocytes become less active.
b. eccrine glands become less functional.
c. keratin secretion slows.
d. the arrector pili muscles lose their tone.
ANS: A

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 Human Body in Health and Illness 6th Edition Herlihy Test Bank

59. Sudoriferous glands

a. are sweat glands.
b. participate in temperature regulation.
c. include the eccrine and apocrine glands.
d. All of the above are true.
ANS: D

60. The normal body temperature

a. is 96.8 .
b. is highest at 7 AM and gradually decreases over the 24 hours.
c. is maintained through thermoregulatory mechanisms.
d. is 40 C.

ANS: C

61. The use of a cooling blanket lowers body temperature through

a. radiation.
b. convection.
c. conduction.
d. evaporation.
ANS: C

62. A person feels warmer on a humid day because

a. the decrease in evaporation of water from the skin surface decreases the loss of
heat.
b. the body produces more heat
N RonSI
a humid day. M
NGday
c. a person breathes slower onUa humid TB.C
and O
exhales less heated air.
d. All of the above are true.
ANS: A

63. Which of the following is least true of hyperthermia?

a. Body temperature is elevated.
b. The elevated temperature is due to the inability of the body to get rid of excess
heat.
c. Hyperthermia is most often due to infection.
d. Hyperthermia does not respond to the antipyretic effect of aspirin.
ANS: C

64. Which of the following is least true of a fever?

a. Involves the upward resetting of the hypothalamus
b. Often responds to the antipyretic effect of aspirin
c. Is generally caused by an inability of the body to get rid of excess heat, as in heat
stroke
d. Is “broken” in response to vasodilation and sweating
ANS: C

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4) Which of the following is a connective tissue membrane:
A) synovial membrane
B) cutaneous membrane
C) mucous membrane
D) serous membrane
E) pleural membrane
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 112

5) The only dry membrane is the:

A) synovial membrane
B) cutaneous membrane
C) mucous membrane
D) serous membrane
E) basement membrane
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 110

6) Synovial membranes are found in the:

A) joint cavities
B) covering of the heart
C) lining of the stomach cavity
D) covering of the brain
E) lining of the abdominal cavity wall
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 112

7) Sweat glands associated with hair are:

A) sebaceous glands
B) sudoriferous glands
C) eccrine glands
D) sebaceous glands and eccrine glands
E) sudoriferous glands and eccrine glands
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 119

8) Which of the following is a vital function of the skin:

A) it converts modified epidermal cholesterol to vitamin D
B) it aids in the transport of materials throughout the body
C) the cells of the epidermis store glucose as glycogen for energy
D) it absorbs vitamin C so that the skin will not be subject to diseases
E) it aids in desiccation
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 115

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 9) Although you get wet while swimming, a tough protein within the skin prevents it from
soaking up moisture like a sponge. This substance is:
A) serous fluid
B) melanin
C) mucus
D) carotene
E) keratin
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 115

10) The epidermis is composed of:

A) simple columnar epithelium
B) stratified squamous epithelium
C) adipose tissue
D) areolar tissue
E) dense fibrous connective tissue
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 115

11) The uppermost layer of skin is:

A) called the dermis
B) full of keratin
C) fed by a good supply of blood vessels
D) called the hypodermis
E) composed of dense connective tissue
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 115

12) The hypodermis consists of:

A) simple columnar epithelium
B) stratified squamous epithelium
C) adipose tissue
D) loose connective tissue
E) dense fibrous connective tissue
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 115

13) A needle would pierce the epidermal layers of the forearm in which order:
1. stratum basale
2. stratum corneum
3. stratum granulosum
4. stratum lucidum
5. stratum spinosum
A) 2, 3, 5, 1
B) 1, 5, 3, 4, 2
C) 2, 4, 3, 5, 1
D) 1, 3, 5, 2, 4
E) 2, 3, 4, 1, 5
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 115-117

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14) Which of the following homoeostatic imbalances is caused by skin exposure to chemicals:
A) athlete's foot
B) cold sores
C) impetigo
D) contact dermatitis
E) cyanosis
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 123

15) The "tanning" effect (darkening of the skin) that occurs when a person is exposed to the sun
is due to:
A) melanin
B) keratin
C) oil
D) Langerhans cells
E) sweat
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 117

16) The layer of the epidermis in which cells first die because of their inability to get nutrients
and oxygen is the:
A) stratum spinosum
B) stratum granulosum
C) stratum basale
D) stratum corneum
E) stratum lucidum
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 115-117

17) Melanocytes are found in the:

A) stratum spinosum
B) stratum lucidum
C) stratum corneum
D) stratum basale
E) stratum granulosum
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 117

18) A splinter penetrates to the deepest layer of the epidermis on your foot. This layer is:
A) stratum basale
B) stratum corneum
C) stratum granulosum
D) stratum lucidum
E) stratum spinosum
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 115-116

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19) Epidermal cells that are actively mitotic and replace superficial cells that are continually
rubbed off are:
A) stratum granulosum cells
B) stratum corneum cells
C) stratum lucidum cells
D) stratum spinosum cells
E) stratum germinativum cells
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 116

20) Nutrients reach the surface of the skin (epidermis) through the process of:
A) absorption
B) evaporation
C) filtration
D) diffusion
E) osmosis
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 116

21) Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the papillary layer of the dermis:
A) it is the deepest layer of the skin
B) it produces the pattern for fingerprints
C) it contains nerve endings that respond to touch and temperature stimuli
D) it is highly vascular
E) it is located immediately beneath the epidermis
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 117-118

22) In order to warm the body up when cold:

A) vitamin D is synthesized
B) sudoriferous glands release sweat
C) sebaceous glands release oil
D) the arrector pili muscles contract to stand hairs upright
E) melanin is produced
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 122

23) Finger-like upward projections of the dermis into the epidermis are called:
A) hair follicles
B) hair bulbs
C) Meissner's corpuscles
D) dermal papillae
E) Pacinian corpuscles
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 117

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24) Nails are composed of:
A) melanin
B) hemoglobin
C) keratin
D) sebum
E) carotene
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 122

25) The secretions of the eccrine glands are:

A) primarily uric acid
B) 99% water, sodium chloride, and trace amounts of wastes, lactic acid, and
C) fatty substances, proteins, antibodies, and trace amounts of minerals and vitamins
D) solely metabolic wastes
E) basic
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 120

26) The secretion of sweat is stimulated:

A) by high temperatures
B) when the air temperature drops
C) by hormones, especially male sex hormones
D) as a protective coating when one is swimming
E) both by high temperatures and by hormones, especially male hormones
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 120

27) Sudoriferous glands are important for:

A) production of keratin
B) keeping skin and hair cells soft and flexible
C) production of sweat
D) body heat regulation
E) production of vitamin D
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 119-120

28) Inflammation of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands is called:

A) impetigo
B) alopecia
C) psoriasis
D) boils
E) contact dermatitis
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 123

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29) What is the first threat to life from a massive third-degree burn:
A) infection
B) dehydration
C) unbearable pain
D) loss of immune function
E) blood loss
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 124

30) A physician estimates the volume of fluid lost in a severely burned patient by:
A) measuring urinary output and fluid intake
B) observing the tissues that are usually moist
C) blood analysis
D) using the "rule of nines"
E) performing enzyme studies
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 124

31) Which of the following is an indication of melanoma:

A) a symmetrical mole
B) a pigmented spot that has smooth borders
C) a spot on the skin that is smaller than the size of a pencil eraser
D) a pigmented spot that is black
E) a pigmented spot that contains areas of different colors
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 126

32) Acne and seborrhea are caused by problems with:

A) eccrine glands
B) nail beds
C) sudoriferous glands
D) sebaceous glands
E) hair follicles
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 119

33) Male pattern baldness has a genetic switch that turns on in response to:
A) age
B) size
C) weight
D) male hormones
E) female hormones
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 127

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 Figure 4.2

34) The membrane shown in Figure 4.2 is:

A) cutaneous membrane
B) synovial membrane
C) pericardium, a serous membrane
D) mucous membrane
E) pleura, a serous membrane
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 111-112

True/False
1) Membranes that line body cavities that have openings to the exterior of the body are called
mucous membranes.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 110-112

2) The serous membrane that covers the external surface of both lungs is called the visceral
pleura.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 112

3) When an individual is exposed to extremely low air temperatures, the capillaries of the skin
will dilate so that blood will flush into skin capillary beds and heat will be dissipated.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 118

4) The outermost layer of the epidermis is the stratum basale.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 115-116

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 Chapter 4 practice questions
1. As cells progress from the deeper portion of the epidermis towards the surface:

A. they tend to die.

C. they become dermal cells.
B. their supply of nutrients improve.
D. they divide continually by mitosis.
✓
2. Two types of glands found in the skin are the _______ and _______ glands.

A. sweat and sebaceous

C. sebaceous and lunula
B. sweat and basale
D. pilous and sweat /
3. Sebaceous glands secrete:

A. oil. B. wax. C. melanin. D. keratin. ✓

✓
4. The different layers of the epidermis have one feature in common. This feature is:

A. melanomas giving freckles. B. epidermal ridges.

C. absence of blood vessels. D. carotene pigments.

✓
5. A mucus membrane:

A. lines all closed body cavities. B. lines the heart.

C. lacks epithelial cells. D. lines the digestive and respiratory tracts.

6. Growth of the epidermis takes place because of mitosis in the:

A. stratum lucidum. B. stratum corneum. C. stratum granulosum.

D. stratum basale. E. stratum spinosum.
-
7. You can cut your hair without feeling pain because:

✓
A. a chemical in the hair papilla anaesthetizes the hair.
B. hair follicles develop from epidermal cells and the epidermis has no nerve endings.
C. the shaft of the hair consists of dead cells.
D. hair follicles have no source of nourishment and thus cannot react to being cut.

8. When assessing the extent of burns on the body, medical personnel use

A. The ABCD rule. B. The rule of nines.

C. The degree of burn (1st, 2nd or 3rd). D. All of the above. ✓
9. Which of the following Vitamins is synthesized in the skin?

A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin D C. Vitamin E D. Vitamin K

✓

÷
10. In order to reduce an excess amount of body heat:

A. the cutaneous blood vessels dilate. B. the cutaneous blood vessels constrict.
C. goose bumps appear. D. reduces the production of sweat.

11. All epithelial membranes are combined with an underlying layer of:

A. nervous tissue. B. connective tissue. C. muscle tissue. D. adipose tissue.

12. What kind of membranes line body cavities that do not open to the outside of the body?

A. mucous B. cutaneous C. synovial D. serous

13. What kind of membranes is composed of connective tissue but no epithelial cells?

A. parietal B. serous C. synovial D. cutaneous

14. Which of the following is NOT a function of skin?

✓
A. protects the whole body from mechanical damage
B. plays an important role in regulating heat loss from the body
C. insulates and cushions the body

✓
D. produces Vitamin C in the presence of sunlight
E. all of the above

15. The layer of the skin that is made of stratified squamous epithelium is called the _______.

A. hypodermis B. dermis C. epidermis D. subcutaneous layer

16. The epidermis and dermis are normally firmly connected together. However friction or heat
may cause these layers to separate which results in a:

A. sty B. burn C. blister D. boil

✓
 :
17. The deepest layer of the epidermis is called the:

A. stratum spinosum. B. stratum basale. C. stratum lucidum.

D. stratum granulosum. E. stratum corneum.

18. Which of the following is NOT true regarding melanin?

A. The stratum basale cells phagocytize the melanin produced by the melanocytes and it
accumulates within them.
B. Melanin ranges in color from yellow to brown to black.
C. Freckles and moles are seen where melanin is concentrated in one spot.
D. More melanin is produced when the skin is not exposed to sunlight.
E. Melanin is produced by special cells called melanocytes.

19. The protein found in large amounts in the stratum corneum cells, nails, and hair is:

A. melanin B. keratin C. collagen D. elastic fibers ✓

20. The dermis is abundantly supplied with _______ that play a role in maintaining body temperature
homeostasis.

A. lymphatic vessels B. blood vessels C. melanocytes D. nerve endings

✓
21. Emotions of stress, anemia, low blood pressure, or impaired blood flow into an area can cause
_______ of the skin.

A. blue discoloration B. paleness or pallor C. redness ✓

D. yellow pigmentation

22. The cutaneous glands are all _______ glands.

A. exocrine B.sweat C. sebaceous D. endocrine

✓
23. There are two types of sweat glands (also called sudoriferous glands) these are _______ and
_______.

A. endocrine; exocrine B. large; small C. eccrine; apocrine

✓
D. eccentric; apocentric

24. A hair, produced by a hair follicle, is a flexible _______ structure.

A. epithelial B. glandular C. connective tissue D. muscular

✓
25. What chronic condition is characterized by reddened epidermal lesions covered with dry, silvery
scales?

A. contact dermatitis B. cold sores C. impetigo D. athlete's foot E. psoriasis

I
26. First and second-degree burns are referred to as _______ burns.

A. three-layer B. full thickness burns C. critical D. partial thickness

-
✓
27. What is the least malignant and most common skin cancer?

A. lymphoma B. basal cell carcinoma

C. squamous cell carcinoma D. malignant melanoma

28. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of malignant melanoma?

A. diameter larger than a pencil eraser

C. asymmetry
B. varied color
D. smooth border
✓
29. Exposure to ultraviolet (U/V) light causes the skin to darken by stimulating the production of:

A. keratin B. carotene C. melanin D. haemocyanin

✓
30. A needle would pierce the skin of the forearm in which order?

(1) stratum basale; (2) stratum granulosum; (3) stratum spinosum; (4) stratum corneum; (5) stratum
lucidum

31. Glands usually associated with the skin of the genitals and the axillary region, and which secrete
fatty acids and proteins, are called _______.

A. sebaceous gland B. apocrine gland

E. apocrine and eccrine glands ✓
C. eccrine glands D. arrector pili glands
A. 3-2-4-5-1 B. 2-3-4-1 C. 4-2-3-1 ✓
D. 4-3-5-1-2

32. The type of tissue making up the bulk of the dermis is _______

A. dense (irregular) connective tissue

B. stratified squamous epithelium

C. transitional epithelium

D. Adipose connective tissue

E.Viisceral muscle

33. Two types of glands found in the skin are the _______ and _______ glands.

A. sebaceous; lunula

B. pilous; sudoriferous

C. sweat; basale

÷
D. sudoriferous; sebaceous

E. thymus; sebaceous

34. The thick proximal nail fold is commonly called the _______.

A. nail bed

B. free edge

C. lunula

D. cuticle

E. nail matrix

Answers:
1. A 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B
16. C 17. B 18. D 19. B 20. B 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. E 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. C 30.C
31. B 32.B 33.D 34.D
http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/student_vie
w0/chapter5/simple_multiple_choice.html
The correct answer for each question is indicated by a .
1 Which epidermal layer is found in thick skin only?
CORRECT
stratum basale
A)
stratum spinosum
B)
stratum lucidum
C)
stratum corneum
D)

2 From the basement membrane outward, the strata of the epidermis are
CORRECT
corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale
A)
basale, spinosum, granulosum, corneum
B)
lucidum, basale, granulosum, corneum
C)
granulosum, spinosum, basale, corneum
D)

3 Which of the following are specialized cells found in the deeper layers of
CORRECT the epidermis?
tactile cells
A)
epidermal dendritic cells
B)
melanocytes
C)
all of the above
D)

4 What are the most abundant cells found in the epidermis?

CORRECT

melanocytes
 A)
Merkel cells
B)
keratinocytes
C)
Langerhans cells
D)

5 The epidermis varies within a single individual in which of the following

CORRECT aspects?
thickness, coloration, and skin markings
A)
innervation and blood supply
B)
both a and b
C)
neither a nor b
D)

6 The terms thick and thin skin refer to the relative thickness of the
CORRECT
entire integument
A)
cutaneous and subcutaneous layers
B)
epidermis only
C)
dermis only
D)

7 Skin color differences among both individuals and races are mostly the
CORRECT result of
different levels of melanocyte activity
A)
different colors of melanin
B)
different numbers of melanocytes
C)
both a and b
D)
8 Which of the following makes no significant contribution to skin color?
CORRECT
hemoglobin
A)
keratin
B)
melanin
C)
carotene
D)

9 Dermal structures that originate from the invagination of the epidermis

CORRECT include
the accessory organs of the integument
A)
sweat and sebaceous glands, nails, and hair
B)
the integumentary appendages
C)
all of the above
D)

10 Which of the following is not a significant possible health benefit of

CORRECT carotene?
protects the skin from harmful radiation in sunlight
A)
helps maintain normal vision when converted into vitamin A
B)
helps eliminate potentially dangerous molecules produced by
C) metabolism
may boost the number and activity of immune cells
D)

11 Which epidermal pigment protects nuclear DNA by absorbing potentially

CORRECT damaging ultraviolet radiation?
hemoglobin
A)
melanin
B)
carotene
C)
keratin
 D)

12 Limited exposure to ultraviolet radiation is useful because it

INCORREC
T
protects against most types of skin cancer
A)
reduces swelling in underlying connective tissues
B)
helps epidermal cells convert a steroid to vitamin D3
C)
stimulates an increase in melanocyte production
D)

13 The two major regions of the dermis are the superficial ____________
CORRECT layer and the deeper ____________ layer.
collagenous; elastic
A)
papillary; reticular
B)
reticular; papillary
C)
areolar; adipose
D)

14 The dermal papillae interlock with deep projections of the epidermis called
CORRECT
epidermal ridges
A)
the papillary layer
B)
desmosomes
C)
tight junctions
D)

15 Stretch marks, or striae, are the result of

INCORREC
T
excessive stretching of the epidermis
A)
 B) torn collagen fibers in the dermis

an overabundance of elastic fibers

C)
all of the above
D)

16 Which statement about the subcutaneous layer is false?

CORRECT
it consists of areolar connective tissue and adipose connective tissue
A)
it stabilizes the position of the skin and binds it to the underlying tissues
B)
corresponding to larger body size, it is normally thicker in men than in
C) women
also called the hypodermis or superficial fascia, it is not part of the
D) integument

17 Both hair and nails are composed mainly of dead cells packed with
CORRECT
melanin
A)
collagen
B)
carotene
C)
keratin
D)

18 Another name for a hair is

UNANSWE
RED
an onychium
A)
a pilus
B)
a nevus
C)
a comedo
D)

19 All of the following are important functions of human hair except

INCORREC
T

protecting the scalp from sunburn and injury

A)
preventing entry of foreign particles into the eyes, ears, and nose
B)
providing insulation for the overall body surface
C)
assisting in the dispersal of pheromones
D)

20 The lunula, eponychium, and hyponychium are all structures associated

CORRECT with a
sweat gland
A)
nail
B)
hair
C)
hair follicle
D)

21 The connective tissue root sheath and epithelial root sheath are both
CORRECT components of the
hair follicle
A)
hair root
B)
hair bulb
C)
hair papilla
D)

22 The relatively coarse, pigmented hair of the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes
UNANSWE is
RED
terminal hair
A)
vellus hair
B)
lanugo
C)
 none of the above
D)

23 Variations in hair color may result from

CORRECT
environmental and hormonal factors
A)
genetic differences in the structure of melanin
B)
an age-related decrease in pigment production
C)
all of the above
D)

24 Hairs in the scalp normally grow

INCORREC
T
indefinitely, stopping only if the follicle is destroyed
A)
about one-third of a millimeter per day for 2 to 5 years
B)
to a maximum length of 20 inches before shedding
C)
sporadically, with the rate increasing if the hair is cut
D)

25 Which term describes the skin's normal release of water vapor without
CORRECT noticeable sweat?
sublimation
A)
dehydration
B)
insensible perspiration
C)
sensible perspiration
D)

26 Which integumentary exocrine glands are distributed over most of the body
CORRECT surface?
sudoriferous and ceruminous glands
A)
 lactiferous and apocrine sweat glands
B)
sebaceous and merocrine sweat glands
C)
all of the above
D)

27 Apocrine sweat glands occur in all of the following locations except

CORRECT
the areola
A)
the palms
B)
the axillae
C)
the groin
D)

28 Which type of gland secretes a lipid material that coats the epidermis and
CORRECT hair shafts to provide lubrication and inhibit bacterial growth?
sebaceous
A)
sudoriferous
B)
eccrine
C)
apocrine
D)

29 By producing sensible perspiration, merocrine sweat glands assist in

UNANSWE
RED
regulating body temperature through evaporation
A)
ridding the body of excess water and electrolytes
B)
protecting against environmental hazards
C)
all of the above
D)

30
CORRECT The skin of older persons is more easily damaged and slower to heal
because
collagen fibers accumulate through time and crowd out protective cells
A)
epidermal dendritic cells proliferate, interfering with the immune
B) response
the epidermis thins as epidermal stem cells decline in number and
C) activity
all of the above
D)
http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/student_vie
w0/chapter5/difficult_multiple_choice.html

The correct answer for each question is indicated by a .

1 The fibrous protein ____________ imparts the stratum corneum with
CORRECT strength and water resistance.
collagen
A)
elastin
B)
keratin
C)
eleidin
D)

2 If you stepped on a nail, the second epidermal layer it would penetrate is

CORRECT the stratum
lucidum
A)
corneum
B)
spinosum
C)
granulosum
D)

3 The most superficial sensory receptors in the skin are called

CORRECT
Merkel cells
A)
epidermal dendritic cells
B)
tactile corpuscles
C)
lamellated corpuscles
D)

4 A person with defective ____________ would be particularly at risk for

INCORREC both infection and cancer in the deeper epidermal layers.
T

stem cells
A)
Langerhans cells
B)
Merkel cells
C)
melanocytes
D)

5 The connective tissue component of the cutaneous membrane is otherwise

CORRECT known as the ____________.
stratum corneum
A)
stratum basale
B)
epidermis
C)
dermis
D)

6 Which of the following is false? Ceruminous glands

UNANSWE
RED
produce earwax in the external ear canal
A)
are modified sebaceous glands
B)
are much less numerous than eccrine glands
C)
are related to glands that help to regulate body temperature
D)

7 A result of skin exposure to UV radiation that actually promotes good

CORRECT health is
synthesis of cholecalciferol
A)
decreased melanocyte activity
B)
mild sunburn to promote replacement of old epidermal cells
C)

a deep bronze tan

 D)

8 Apocrine sweat glands, variously modified, serve the reproductive system

INCORREC through their secretion of
T
sex hormones
A)
milk and pheromones
B)
both a and b
C)
neither a nor b
D)

9 Of the following, the least specific skin problem is

UNANSWE
RED
psoriasis
A)
folliculitis
B)
impetigo
C)
pruritis
D)

10 All of the following conditions directly involve sebaceous glands except

UNANSWE
RED
urticaria
A)
acne
B)
furuncles
C)
folliculitis
D)

11 The following statements all characterize basal cell carcinomas. Which one
INCORREC does not apply equally well to other forms of skin cancer?
T
 they originate deep in the epidermis
A)
they seldom metastasize to other tissues
B)
they are strongly linked to previous damage by UV radiation
C)
they are the result of uncontrolled mitosis
D)

12 Which of the following nail disorders might also be a symptom of kidney

UNANSWE failure?
RED
onychomycosis
A)
yellow nail syndrome
B)
half-and-half
C)
vertical ridging
D)

13 Second-degree burns
CORRECT
may cause slight scarring
A)
involve the epidermis and part of the dermis
B)
cause blistering beneath the epidermis
C)
all of the above
D)

14 The skin turns red when a fair-skinned person blushes because

CORRECT
carotenes become more prominent as the skin's temperature rises
A)
melanocytes are temporarily activated
B)
blood flow to the skin increases
C)
blood flow to the skin decreases
D)
15 Generally, a "bald" man has not really lost his hair but rather has replaced
CORRECT his ____________ hairs with ____________ hairs.
vellus; lanugo
A)
terminal; vellus
B)
terminal; lanugo
C)
lanugo; terminal
D)

16 The prevalence of acne during teenage years indicates that

INCORREC
T
sex hormones trigger increased activity in sebaceous glands as well as
A) other tissues
teenagers do not care for their skin as well as older or younger
B) individuals
both of the above
C)
neither a nor b is correct
D)

17 Systemic acne treatments (taken internally) potentially have much more

UNANSWE widespread, sometimes unanticipated, effects than topical treatments. For
RED example, ____________ and other systemic retinoids may be powerful
teratogens.
Retin-A
A)
Accutane
B)
salicylic acid
C)
doxycycline
D)

18 Which type of acne lesion would be least responsive to antibiotic

UNANSWE treatment?
RED
comedo
A)
 papule
B)
nodule
C)
cyst
D)

19 In which layers of the epidermis would you find mitotically active cells?
CORRECT
strata basale and spinosum
A)
strata granulosum and corneum
B)
strata granulosum and lucidum
C)
strata lucidum and corneum
D)

20 Lanolin, refined from the lipid secretions of sheep skin, is often used to
UNANSWE augment humans' holocrine skin secretion called
RED
cerumen
A)
sebum
B)
sweat
C)
none of the above
D)

21 Which of the following are benign tumors that affect the appearance of the
UNANSWE skin?
RED
capillary hemangiomas
A)
port-wine stains
B)
nevi
C)
all of the above
D)
22
UNANSWE A genetic mutation preventing the production of the enzyme tyrosinase
RED would result in the condition known as

eczema
A)
alopecia
B)
albinism
C)
hemophilia
D)

23 The most dangerous kind of skin cancer originates from

CORRECT
melanocytes in an existing mole
A)
keratinocytes in the stratum basale
B)
keratinocytes in the stratum spinosum
C)
none of the above
D)

24 Which skin color abnormalities result from alterations in

CORRECT blood contents rather than blood flow?
pallor and erythema
A)
cyanosis and jaundice
B)
both a and b
C)
neither a nor b
D)

25 A victim of extensive third-degree burns is at high risk not only from

CORRECT bacterial infection but also potentially lethal
erythema
A)
scarring
B)

C) dehydration