1.

Notation: Vectors are often represented by bold letters or letters with arrows above them, like A
or →A. Scalars are regular letters or numbers.

2. Vector Addition:

 To add two vectors, add their corresponding components.

 A + B = (A_x + B_x, A_y + B_y, A_z + B_z) for 3D vectors.

 For 2D vectors, just ignore the z-components.

3. Vector Subtraction:

 To subtract one vector from another, subtract their corresponding components.

 A - B = (A_x - B_x, A_y - B_y, A_z - B_z) for 3D vectors.

 For 2D vectors, just ignore the z-components.

4. Scalar Multiplication:

 Multiply a vector by a scalar by multiplying each component by the scalar value.

 cA = (c * A_x, c * A_y, c * A_z) for 3D vectors.

 For 2D vectors, apply the scalar to the x and y components.

5. Magnitude of a Vector:

 The magnitude (or length) of a vector A is denoted as |A|.

 |A| = √(A_x² + A_y² + A_z²) for 3D vectors.

 For 2D vectors, ignore the z-component.

6. Unit Vectors:

 Unit vectors are vectors with a magnitude of 1 and are often denoted as i, j, and k for
the x, y, and z directions, respectively.

 To find a unit vector in the direction of a vector A, divide A by its magnitude: A_unit =
A / |A|.

7. Dot Product (Scalar Product):

 The dot product of two vectors A and B is given by: A · B = A_x * B_x + A_y * B_y + A_z *
B_z.

 It results in a scalar quantity.

8. Cross Product (Vector Product):

 The cross product of two vectors A and B is given by: A × B = (A_y * B_z - A_z * B_y, A_z
* B_x - A_x * B_z, A_x * B_y - A_y * B_x).
  It results in a vector that is perpendicular to the plane formed by A and B.

9. Scalar Triple Product:

 The scalar triple product of three vectors A, B, and C is given by: A · (B × C) or B · (C × A)

or C · (A × B).

 It can be used to find volumes and determine the orientation of vectors in 3D space.

10. Vector Equations:

 Vectors can be used in equations to represent physical quantities such as force, velocity,
and acceleration.

 These equations can be manipulated algebraically to solve for unknown vector

quantities.

11. Vector Components:

 When working with vectors in 3D space, it's essential to break down vectors into their x,
y, and z components to perform algebraic operations accurately.

12. Vector Identities:

 Familiarize yourself with vector identities and properties, such as the distributive
property, associativity, and commutativity, which can be useful in simplifying vector
expressions.

13. Practice and Visualization:

 Understanding vector algebra often involves visualizing vectors and their operations in
2D and 3D space. Practice solving problems and drawing vector diagrams to enhance
your skills.