WORK, ENERGY and POWER

1. Define a) work b) Kinetic Energy c) Potential Energy

2. State the Principle of Conservation of Energy.

3. A tourist pulls a trolley with a force of 490 N as far as 90 m along a horizontal road. What is
the work done by the tourist? ( 44100 J )

4. A 1.0 kg ball falls onto the floor. The potential energy exactly equals to the kinetic energy
when the ball is 0.7 m above the floor. How fast is it moving? ( 3.7 m/s )

5. A ball of mass 5.0 kg is released from point A and slides on the frictionless curved surface as
shown in below figure. Determine the velocity of the ball at point B and C.

( 7.67 m/s , 5.94 m/s )

6. A cyclist does work at the rate 800 Watt while riding. How much force does her foot push
when she is travelling at 8.0 m/s? ( 100 N )

7. A cable is pulling a box with mass 300 kg on a horizontal plane. The cable acts 60  on the
direction of movement of the box. If the tension in the cable is 1000 N and the box is moved
for 4.5 m, calculate the work done to move the box.
( 2250 J )

8. A box was dragged on a rough floor by a constant force 50 N. The force makes a 37 angle
with the horizontal plane. Friction force that opposed the movement is 10 N and the box is
displaced 3 m to the right. Calculate the work done by
a) the 50 N force,
b) the friction force and
c) all the external forces.
(120 J, -30 J, 90 J)

9. A physics student pushes a 0.50 kg block from the bottom of a frictionless 30° inclined plane
as shown in Figure. The student performs 4.0 J of work and the block slides a distance s
along the incline before it stops. Determine the value of s.
( 1.63 m )

10. An electric motor consumes 100 watts (a joule per second (J/s)) of power to obtain 90
watts of mechanical power. Determine its efficiency ?

( 90 % )
11. A bulb is provided with 100 J of electrical energy. If the efficiency of the bulb is 30 % ,
calculate the electrical energy produce by the bulb.

( 30 J )

12. A worker uses a pulley to lift a load of 120 kg. He pulled the rope with a force of 1500 N. the
load is raised through a height of 3.5 m at a constant speed. Calculate :

a) the work done by a worker

b) the work output
c) the efficiency of the pulley system
Explain why the efficiency is not 100%.

( 5250 J, 4120 J, 78.5 %)

ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS (RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHAPTER HEAT AND ENERGY)

 Unit of heat : calories

 1 calories = amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1 C0.
 1 calories = 4.186 J
 Common measured in kilocalories units (Cal @ kcal)
 1 kcal = 1000cal.

Heat as Energy Transfer

1. To what temperature will 8200 J of heat raise 3.0 kg of water that is initially at 10.0°C?

2. How much heat (in joules) is required to raise the temperature of 34.0 kg of water from 15°C
to 95°C?

3. How many joules and kilocalories are generated when the brakes are used to bring a 1300 kg
car to rest from a speed of 95 km/h?

4. A water heater can generate 32,000 kJ/h. How much water can it heat from 12°C to 42°C per
hour?

5. A small immersion heater is rated at 375W. Estimate how long it will take to heat a cup of
soup (assume this is 250 mL of water) from 15°C to 75°C.
Specific Heat

6. An automobile cooling system holds 18 L of water. How much heat does it absorb if its
temperature rises from 15°C to 95°C?

7. What is the specific heat of a metal substance if 135 kJ of heat is needed to raise 4.1 kg of the
metal from 18.0°C to 37.2°C?

8. (a) How much energy is required to bring a 1.0-L pot of water at 20°C to 100°C?
(b) For how long could this amount of energy run a 60-W lightbulb?

EXTRA PROBLEM
Question 1

Question 2

A 66 kg skier starts from rest at the top of a 1200 m long trail which drops a total of 230 m from
top to bottom. At the bottom, the skier is moving 11.0 m/s. How much energy was dissipated
by friction?
Question 3

You drop a ball from a height of 2.0 m, and it bounces back to a height of 1.6 m.
a. What fraction of its initial energy is lost during the bunce?
b. What is the ball’s speed just before and after the bounce?
c. Where did the energy go?

Question 4

A pump lifts 27.0 kg of water per minute through a height of 3.50 m. What minimum output
rating (watts) must the pump motor have?

Question 5

A ski area claims that its lifts can move 47,000 people per hour. If the average lift carries people
about 200 m (vertically) higher, estimate the maximum total power needed.
Note: State your assumptions.