Gender Equity in Terms of Childcare

Tolkyn Rakhimova
Matriculation number: 244965
Faculty of Economics and Management
Otto-von-Guericke University
Summer semester 2023
Academic Skills / Presentation
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June 28th 2023
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Narrowing the gender gap in both active and in supervisory care of
children can be perceived by supporting both parents to stay in
employment and encouraging paternity leaves.

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 No matter the household type, women spend consistently more hours on
childcare

60 56.5

50
45.5
43.9

40
Hours per week

30.5
30 27.2 28.3

20

10

0
Households where men are the main breadwinners Households where men & women are equal Households where women are the main
breadwinners breadwinners

Men Women

Figure 1: Hours spent on housework and childcare per week by men and women in 2014, by
household type; source: Statista, 2014
2 3
This presentation focuses on narrowing gender gap in
childcare by:

Supporting parents to stay in employment

Encouraging paternity leaves

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Kindergartens play a key role in enabling parents to stay in
employment

Lack of accesible and affordable childcare Other reasons

Figure 2: Percentage of reasons why unemployed mothers left the

workforce; source: First Five Years Fund, 2022
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 Little number of available places in childcare instituions are not
letting parents to come back to their workplaces

We
have no We still have free places 3.6%
waiting
list
8.8% 0 children 8.1%

Over 40 children
28.3%

1-10 children 22.4%

31-40 children 4.8%

21-30
children
9.2%
11-20 children
14.9%

Figure 3: Number of children on the waiting list for daycare in Germany 2021; source: Statista, 2022

2
6
Increasing childcare workers’ wages will attract more staff and
institutions willing to provide their services

7
6

7
4
8
 Number of people taking paternity leave is considerably
lower rather than maternity leaves
Maternity leave Paternity leave
450
399.7
400 380.8
357.8
350
Number of persons in thousands

300 287.4 283.4

273.1
262.3
250 236.8

198.7
200 188.4 185.2 182.5

150

100 85.6 88.5

73.5
63.5 63.8
51.4
50

0
H1 2014 H1 2015 H1 2016 H1 2017 H1 2018 H1 2019 2020 2021 2022

Figure 4: Number of persons taking maternity and parental leave in Poland from the 1st half of
2014 to 2022; source: Statista, 2023
2
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Financial reasons are the most often named as reasons of not
taking paternity leave

8 10
Providing longer paid paternity leaves will increase the number of
fathers willing to take the paternity leave

Figure 5: Number of weeks of paid paternity leave that can be taken; source: Statista, 2021 11
Fear of being disadvantaged in career is another major reason
that stops from taking a paternity leave

9
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Gender equity in childcare establishes happier households

Figure 6: Number of men who were glad that took Figure 7: Number of men who noticed an improvement
paternity leave; source: McKinsey&Company, 2020 in their relationship with their partner; source:
McKinsey&Company, 2020 13
Developing a socially sustainable society begins with the family

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 References

Marlo, J., Scott, M. A., &Weinberg, S. L. (2023). Who's minding thechildren: Gender equity in the first 2 years of thepandemic.International Journal of
Social Welfare,1–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijsw.1262220MARLOET AL.
World Economic Forum (2022). The motherhood penalty: How childcare and paternity leave can reduce the gender pay gap.
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/05/reduce-motherhood-penalty-gender-paygap/
McKinsey&Company (2021). A fresh look at paternity leave: Why the benefits extend beyond the personal.
https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/people-and-organizational-performance/ourinsights/a-fresh-look-at-paternity-leave-why-the-
benefits-extend-beyond-the-personal
European Institute for Gender Equality (2019). Gender Equality Index 2019: Work-life balance.
https://eige.europa.eu/publications-resources/toolkits-guides/gender-equality-index2019-report
First Five Years Fund (2022). The impact of the child care crisis on women & mothers.
https://www.ffyf.org/the-first-five-things-you-need-to-know-impact-of-the-child-care-crisis-on-women-mothers/
Salary Explorer (2023). Childcare workers salary in Germany in 2023.
http://www.salaryexplorer.com/salary-survey.php?loc=81&loctype=1&job=699&jobtype=3
National Association of Citizens Advice Bureaux (2015). Enabling Working Parents.
https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/Global/CitizensAdvice/Families%20Publications/EnablingWorkingParents.pdf

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Reference list - figures

Figure 1: The Guardian, The University of Melbourne (2014). Hours spend on housework and childcare per week by men and
women in Australia in 2014. https://www.statista.com/statistics/686649/australia-hours-spent-on-housework-
andchildcare-per-week
Figure 2: First Five Years Fund (2022). Impact of the child care crisis on women & mothers. https://www.ffyf.org/the-first-five-things-
you-need-to-know-impact-of-the-child-care-crisis-on-women-mothers
Figure 3: Deutsche Paritätische Wohlfahrtsverband (2022). How many children are currently on the waiting list for a daycare place?
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1337553/children-daycare-waiting-list-germany/
Figure 4: Polish Social Insurance Instituion (2023). Number of persons taking maternity and parental leave in Poland from the 1st
half of 2014 to 2022. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1091266/poland-number-of-people-on-parental-and-paternity-
leave/
Figure 5: McCarthy, N (2021). Where Father Get The Most Paid Parental Leave. https://www.statista.com/chart/9876/where-
fathers-get-the-most-paid-parental-leave/
Figure 6: McKinsey-McGill University (2020). Research on paternity leave. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/people-and-
organizational-performance/our-insights/a-fresh-look-at-paternity-leave-why-the-benefits-extend-beyond-the-personal
Figure 7: : McKinsey-McGill University (2020). Research on paternity leave. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/people-and-
organizational-performance/our-insights/a-fresh-look-at-paternity-leave-why-the-benefits-extend-beyond-the-personal

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Reference list - images

1. https://www.istockphoto.com/
2. https://www.tomaszwalenta.com/
3. https://slack.com/intl/de-de/blog/collaboration/balancing-work-parenting-while-remote
4. https://www.dmarge.com/paternity-leave-australia
5. https://www.freyarchitekten.com/en/projects/chinas-first-passive-house-kindergarten/
6. https://calmatters.org/politics/2019/03/unionizing-child-care-workers-california-legislation/
7. https://www.insureon.com/blog/what-is-an-employee
8. https://www.istockphoto.com/de/foto/kosten-f%C3%BCr-die-kinderbetreuung-gm1138680095-304095648
9. https://www.csmonitor.com/The-Culture/Family/2015/0812/Should-parents-be-allowed-to-bring-children-to-the-
office

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