Prototype Model of Hydraulic Milling Machine Circuit

PROTOTYPE MODEL OF HYDRAULIC MILLING MACHINE CIRCUIT
CHAPTER NO.1
INTRODUCTION
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 1

INTRODUCTION
Fluid power is the technology that deals with the generation, control and transmission of forces
and movement of mechanical element or system with the use of pressurized fluids in a confined
system. Both liquids and gases are considered fluids. Fluid power system includes a hydraulic
system (hydra meaning water in Greek) and a pneumatic system (pneumatic meaning air in
Greek). Oil hydraulic employs pressurized liquid petroleum oils and synthetic oils, and
pneumatic employs compressed air that is released to the atmosphere after performing the work.
For accurate and precise work hydraulic power is preferred .In the modern industries hydraulic
oil has to serve multipurpose. The function of hydraulic oil is to multiply the forces and provide
the energy transmission through the system so as the work will be done. The hydraulic oil are
also responsible for lubrication of sliding parts, heat transfer and contamination control. The
three common types of hydraulic oil available in the market are i) Petroleum based oils, ii) Water
based oils and iii) Synthetic based oils. In the debate while selecting the hydraulic fluid “Bulk
modulus of the fluid is the selection criterion in a fluid power circuit” were the bulk modulus
refers to the incompressibility of the fluid, in general hydraulic fluids are considered as
incompressible fluid but practically all fluids have some degrees of compressibility which
depends on bulk modulus value, when the value is high the lesser the compressibility and when
the value is less more the compressibility of the fluid. Hydraulic circuit comprises of various
components such as electric motor which converts electric energy into mechanical energy and
the pump converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy and the actuator converts back
hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. Control elements like valves are used which controls
the fluid in the circuit such as direction control valves, flow control valves & pressure relief
valves etc.

Literature Review:
N. P. Maniar
reviews locating and clamping considerations, taxonomy of fixture planning & design, also
shows an example of fixturing alternatives and characteristics for three types of fixtures i.e.
Modular fixturing, General Fixturing, Permanent fixturing. They provide a system view of
fixture planning and Design for data & information exchange also gives detailed discussion on
CAFD- Computer Aided Fixture Design. O.J Bakker et al-
O.J Bakker et.al
This paper analysis the latest studies in the field of achieve fixture design and its relationship
with flexible clamping and reconfigurable fixture system. In this paper reveals that performance
and flexibility are the driver behind the different fixturing contact that have been proposed.Helps
to improve accessibility. Sunny N Shahane .
Sunny N Shahane
This fixture was designed and built to hold support and locate fire tube boiler plate to ensure that
it is drilled with accuracy. Which can help in improving productivity and time? This automation
reduced the human effort also the design enabled vibration free operation. It increased the
productivity and reduced the cycle time of 1 hour to 15 times.
Sridharkeshava K B
This paper gives a brief introduction to the general and classic principles of jigs and fixtures
Design for clamping operation. The workpiece location clamping stability under dynamic
machining and frictional conditions at the interface between jigs and fixtures elements and

workpiece are taken into account-1. Manufacturing considerations 2. Clamping location, pool
guiding and workpiece and mounting.
K.M Viramgama
This paper will give brief overview if about the 3-2-1 Locating principle to design the fixture for
complex parts and other clamping principle. From the study we can conclude that for designing
the fixture the geometry method 3-2-1 principle is very useful for the complex component.
Srinivas R
A hydraulic system is a group of hydraulic elements arranged in an order and using these
hydraulic element powers is transmitted using a confined liquid i.e. Oil. Hydraulic power units
are drive system for hydraulic machines. Component Details

METHODOLOGY:

Designing and Calculations
Construction of Frame Cutting as per

Requirement
`
Fabrication of part
Assembly
Finding errors and troubleshooting Yes
No
Testing and Inspection
Final touch up
Project completion

CHAPTER NO: 2
COMPONANTS DETAILES:
COMPONANTS DETAILES:
Hydraulic circuit design:

The hydraulic circuit comprises of the following major components. The bill of materials is
shown below in the:
1. Atmospheric reservoir –
A receiver tank it is used to store the hydraulic oil which is to be supplied to the circuit and also
stores the oil which comes back in return line.
Fluid power systems require air or a liquid fluid to transmit energy. Pneumatic systems use the
atmosphere -- the air we breathe -- as the source or reservoir for their fluid. A compressor takes
in atmospheric air at Pisa, compresses it to between 90 and 125 psig, and then stores it in a
receiver tank. A receiver tank is similar to a hydraulic system’s accumulator. A receiver
tank, stores energy for future use similar to a hydraulic accumulator. This is possible because air
is a gas and thus is compressible. A receiver tank is a pressure vessel and is constructed to
pressure vessel standards. At the end of the work cycle the air is simply returned to the
atmosphere.

2. Suction filter –
In a hydraulic system, every filter performs an important function. In a perfect hydraulic system,
the oil would be filtered at every stage along the circuit, before and after entering every
component. In reality, cost, physical space and the need to reduce pressure to the system limit
how many filters a machine can efficiently accommodate. Manufacturers design their systems to
be as efficient and as cost-effective as possible. Suction filter is used in circuit to filter the dirt
and foreign particles present in the oil. This prevents the entry of the dirt particles in the circuit.
Hydraulic filters will also remove external contaminants, such as dust and dirt that make their
way into the hydraulic circuit. These functions are integral to the consistent operation and
longevity of any hydraulic-powered device and unfiltered hydraulic fluid will lead to increased
leakage and system inefficiency.
Suction filters are normally spin-on filters placed between the reservoir and the pump and are
designed to protect the pump from harmful contaminants. They are easier to service and less
expensive than many other types of filters. However, to prevent restriction of the pump’s suction
line, which could cause cavitations, suction filters tend to be substantially more open (larger
micron size) than other “return” or “pressure” filters with the same flow rating.

3. Hydraulic pump:
Hydraulic pump
Hydraulic pumps are used in hydraulic drive systems and can be hydrostatic or hydrodynamic. A
hydraulic pump is a mechanical source of power that converts mechanical power into hydraulic
energy (hydrostatic energy i.e. flow, pressure). It generates flow with enough power to overcome
pressure induced by the load at the pump outlet. When a hydraulic pump operates, it creates a
vacuum at the pump inlet, which forces liquid from the reservoir into the inlet line to the pump
and by mechanical action delivers this liquid to the pump outlet and forces it into the hydraulic
system. Hydrostatic pumps are positive displacement pumps while hydrodynamic pumps can be
fixed displacement pumps, in which the displacement (flow through the pump per rotation of the
pump) cannot be adjusted or variable displacement pumps, which have a more complicated
construction that allows the displacement to be adjusted. Hydrodynamic pumps are more
frequent in day-to-day life. Hydrostatic pumps of various types all work on the principle of
Pascal’s law.

Pump is a machine or mechanical equipment which is required to lift liquid from low level to
high level or to flow liquid from low pressure area to high pressure area or as a booster in a
piping network system.
Mechanical pumps serve in a wide range of applications such as pumping water from wells,
aquarium filtering, pond filtering and aeration, in the car industry for water-cooling and fuel
injection, in the energy industry for pumping oil and natural gas or for operating cooling towers
and other components of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. In the medical
industry, pumps are used for biochemical processes in developing and manufacturing medicine,
and as artificial replacements for body parts, in particular the artificial heart and penile
prosthesis.
When a casing contains only one revolving impeller, it is called a single-stage pump. When a
casing contains two or more revolving impellers, it is called a double- or multi-stage pump.
In biology, many different types of chemical and biomechanical pumps have evolved;
biomimicry is sometimes used in developing new types of mechanical pumps.

4) Pressure relief valve –
Pressure relief valve
A relief valve or pressure relief valve (PRV) is a type of safety valve used to control or limit
the pressure in a system; pressure might otherwise build up and create a process upset,
instrument or equipment failure, or fire. It is also called as safety valve, it maintain the safe
operating pressure in the circuit if the pressure exceeds in the circuit it discharges the excess
fluid back to the reservoir. The pressure is relieved by allowing the pressurized fluid to flow
from an auxiliary passage out of the system. The relief valve is designed or set to open at a
predetermined set pressure to protect pressure vessels and other equipment from being subjected
to pressures that exceed their design limits. When the set pressure is exceeded, the relief valve
becomes the "path of least resistance" as the valve is forced open and a portion of the fluid is
diverted through the auxiliary route. In systems containing flammable fluids, the diverted fluid
(liquid, gas or liquid-gas mixture) is usually routed through a piping system known as a flare

header or relief header to a central, elevated gas flare where it is usually burned and the
resulting combustion gases are released to the atmosphere.
5) Spool type direction control valve:
Spool type direction control valve
Directional control valves (DCVs) are one of the most fundamental parts of hydraulic and
pneumatic systems. DCVs allow fluid flow (hydraulic oil, water or air) into different paths from
one or more sources. DCVs will usually consist of a spool inside a cylinder which is
mechanically or electrically actuated. The position of the spool restricts or permits flow, thus it
controls the fluid flow.

The spool (sliding type) consists of lands and grooves. The lands block oil flow through the
valve body. The grooves allow oil or gas to flow around the spool and through the valve body.
There are two fundamental positions of directional control valve namely normal position where
valve returns on removal of actuating force and other is working position which is position of a
valve when actuating force is applied. There is another class of valves with 3 or more positions
that can be spring centered with 2 working position and a normal position.
6) Double acting cylinder:
Double acting cylinder
A double-acting cylinder is a cylinder in which the working fluid acts alternately on both sides
of the piston. In order to connect the piston in a double-acting cylinder to an external mechanism,
such as a crank shaft, a hole must be provided in one end of the cylinder for the piston rod, and
this is fitted with a gland or "stuffing box" to prevent escape of the working fluid. Double-acting
cylinders are common in steam engines but unusual in other engine types. Many hydraulic and
pneumatic cylinders use them where it is needed to produce a force in both directions. A double-
acting hydraulic cylinder has a port at each end, supplied with hydraulic fluid for both the
retraction and extension of the piston. A double-acting cylinder is used where an external force is

not available to retract the piston or it can be used where high force is required in both directions
of travel.
7) Milling Machine Table:
Milling Machine Table
This is a rectangular casting which is present on the top of the saddle. The table is situated over
the knee. It is the part of a machine that holds the work piece while machining. This is made by
cast iron and has T-slot cut over it. This provides vertical motion by moving the knee up and
down. It provides horizontal motion by the feed screw. This provides a horizontal (transverse)
motion by moving the saddle. It rests on guide ways on the saddle and travels longitudinally. The

top of the table is finished accurately and T-slots are provided for clamping the work and other
fixtures.
A lead-screw is provided under the table that engages with a nut on the saddle, it helps to move
the table horizontally by hand or power. The longitudinal travel of the table possibly limited by
fixing trip dogs on the side of the table. In universal machines, the table may also be swiveled
horizontally. For this purpose, the table is mounted on a circular base, which in its turn is
mounted on the saddle. The circular base is graduated in degrees. The table is present on the top
of the saddle. The table consists of T-slots or sometimes fixtures are used for holding up the
work piece on the table. A table can travel longitudinally in a horizontal plane.
8) Pipes and hoses:
Pipes and hoses
Hydraulic tubes are seamless steel precision pipes, specially manufactured for hydraulics. The
tubes have standard sizes for different pressure ranges, with standard diameters up to 125 mm.
The tubes are supplied by manufacturers in lengths of 6 m, cleaned, oiled and plugged. The tubes
are interconnected by different types of flanges (especially for the larger sizes and pressures),
welding cones/nipples (with o-ring seal), and several types of flare connection and by cut-rings.
In larger sizes, hydraulic pipes are used. Direct joining of tubes by welding is not acceptable
since the interior cannot be inspected. Hydraulic pipe is used in case standard hydraulic tubes are
not available. Generally these are used for low pressure. They can be connected by threaded

connections, but usually by welds. Because of the larger diameters the pipe can usually be
inspected internally after welding. Black pipe is non-galvanized and suitable for welding.
Hydraulic hose is graded by pressure, temperature, and fluid compatibility. Hoses are used when
pipes or tubes cannot be used, usually to provide flexibility for machine operation or
maintenance. The hose is built up with rubber and steel layers. A rubber interior is surrounded by
multiple layers of woven wire and rubber. The exterior is designed for abrasion resistance. The
bend radius of hydraulic hose is carefully designed into the machine, since hose failures can be
deadly, and violating the hose’s minimum bend radius will cause failure. Hydraulic hoses
generally have steel fittings swaged on the ends. The weakest part of the high pressure hose is
the connection of the hose to the fitting. Another disadvantage of hoses is the shorter life of
rubber which requires periodic replacement, usually at five to seven year intervals.
9) Hydraulic Fluid:
Hydraulic Fluid
A hydraulic fluid or hydraulic liquid is the medium by which power is transferred in hydraulic
machinery. Common hydraulic fluids are based on mineral oil or water.[1] Examples of
equipment that might use hydraulic fluids are excavators and backhoes, hydraulic brakes, power

steering systems, automatic transmissions, garbage trucks, aircraft flight control systems, lifts,
and industrial machinery. Hydraulic systems like the ones mentioned above will work most
efficiently if the hydraulic fluid used has zero compressibility.
The primary function of a hydraulic fluid is to convey power. In use, however, there are other
important functions of hydraulic fluid such as protection of the hydraulic machine components.
The table below lists the major functions of a hydraulic fluid and the properties of a fluid that
affect its ability to perform that function.
10) Milling Machine Cutter:
Milling Machine Cutter
Milling cutters are cutting tools typically used in milling machines or machining centers to
perform milling operations (and occasionally in other machine tools). We use Side and face
milling type cutter in this hydraulic milling machine project.
They remove material by their movement within the machine (e.g., a ball nose mill) or directly
from the cutter’s shape (e.g., a form tool such as a hobbling cutter).

The side-and-face cutter is designed with cutting teeth on its side as well as its circumference.
They are made in varying diameters and widths depending on the application. The teeth on the
side allow the cutter to make unbalanced cuts (cutting on one side only) without deflecting the
cutter as would happen with a slitting saw or slot cutter (no side teeth).
Cutters of this form factor were the earliest milling cutters developed. From the 1810s to at least
the 1880s they were the most common form of milling cutter, whereas today that distinction
probably goes to end mills.
CHAPTER NO: 3
THEORY

THEORY:
Milling is a process of removing metal by feeding the work against a rotating multipoint cutter.
The machine tool intended for this purpose is known as milling machine. Milling machine is
used for machining flat surfaces, contoured surfaces, surfaces of revolution, external and internal
threads, and helical surfaces of various cross-sections. The surface obtained by this machine tool
is superior in quality and more accurate and precise.
Types of milling machine
The milling machines are classified according to the general design of the machine .
1. Column and knee type
a) Plain milling machine
b) Universal milling machine
c) Universal milling machine
d) Vertical milling machine
2. Table type milling machine
3. Planer type milling machine

4. Special type milling machine
Column and knee type milling machine
The column of a column and knee type milling machine is mounted vertically upon the base.
Knee is mounted on the accurately machined guide ways of the column. It is designed to move
up and down accurately. Saddle and table are mounted on the knee. There are different types of
column and knee type machines.
a) Plain milling machine

It is rigid and sturdy. Heavy work pieces are mounted and machined on the machine. The
work mounted on the table is moved vertically, longitudinally and crosswise against the
rotating cutter. The table cannot be rotated. It is also called as horizontal milling machine
because the cutter rotates in horizontal plane.
b) Universal milling machine
The table of a universal milling machine can be swivelled by 45º on either side and so
helical milling works can be performed. It is named so because it can be adapted for a very
wide range of milling operations. Various milling attachments like index head, vertical
milling head, slot milling head and rotary table can be mounted. It can machine drills,
reamers, gears, milling cutters with a very high degree of accuracy and so it finds an
important place in a workshop.
c) Universal milling machine
In addition to the table movements obtained in a universal milling machine, the knee can be
tilted to a required angle. It is useful for machining helical grooves, reamer and bevel gears.
It is mostly used in tool room work.

c) Vertical milling machine:
Vertical milling machine

A spindle of a vertical milling machine is positioned at right angles to the table. The cutter is
moved vertically or at an angle by swiveling the vertical head of the machine. The machine is
adapted for machining slots and flat surfaces by moving the table. By mounting end mills and
face milling cutters on the spindle, vertical milling and internal milling are preformed. In
the vertical milling machine the spindle axis is vertically oriented. Milling cutters are held in the
spindle and rotate on its axis. The spindle can generally be lowered (or the table can be raised,
giving the same relative effect of bringing the cutter closer or deeper into the work), allowing
plunge cuts and drilling.
Horizontal milling machine:

Fig: horizontal milling machine.
A horizontal mill has the same sort but the cutters are mounted on a horizontal spindle across the
table. Many horizontal mills also feature a built-in rotary table that allows milling at various
angles; this feature is called a universal table. While end mills and the other types of tools
available to a vertical mill may be used in a horizontal mill, their real advantage lies in arbor-
mounted cutters, called side and face mills, which have a cross section rather like a circular saw,
but are generally wider and smaller in diameter. Because the cutters have good support from the
arbor and have a larger cross-sectional area than an end mill, quite heavy cuts can be taken
enabling rapid material removal rates. These are used to mill grooves and slots. Plain mills are
used to shape flat surfaces. Several cutters may be ganged together on the arbor to mill a
complex shape of slots and planes.
SELECTION OF HYDRAULIC FLUID:

The various criteria involved in fluid selection: While selecting the hydraulic fluids the following
characteristics are to be considered Viscosity, viscosity index, pour point etc. These characters
determine the functionality of the fluids in the system. The ASTM (American standards of
testing materials) has recommended and standardized these properties
Viscosity
Viscosity is the resistance to the flow of the fluid. The higher the viscosity the higher will be the
resistance to the flow, higher contribution of the fluid temperature and consumes high energy.
The low viscosity can damage the system and the pressure generation will be less. The viscosity
changes with temperature and pressure and therefore it is required that viscosity grade should
match with the operating temperature of the system. Determining the correct grade of viscosity
involves. i) Starting viscosity of the minimum ambient temperature. ii) Maximum expected
operating temperature which influences the maximum ambient temperature. iii) Permissible
optimum viscosity range for the system.
Viscosity index:
Viscosity index is the measure of viscosity change with respect to the change in temperature.
When the VI (viscosity index) number is high it maintains viscosity to the broader range of
temperature. The high VI oils are used were the systems are operated at high extreme
temperature. The bulk modulus is the inherit property of the oil which cannot be changed but the
Viscosity index can be changed by adding additives. The recommended viscosity values for the
hydraulic components are shown in the Fig

Pour point:
Pour point is the minimum temperature at which the fluid will flow. This property is required
when the fluid is to be operated at very low temperature. While selecting the pour point of the oil
it should be 10ᵒC less than the hydraulic system temperature. So when fluid power systems used
at very low temperatures should be considered not only bulk modulus of the fluid but also the
pour point of the fluid.
Flash point and fire point:
The flash point is the temperature at which the hydraulic oil will be heated up and converted into
vapor and when vapor mixes with the air will start igniting and will not continue to burn. The
fire point is temperature at which the hydraulic oil will continuously burn. The flash and fire
points are useful in determining a lubricant’s and fire resistance usually 8-10% above the flash
point.

Acid number or neutralization number:
This number indicates the life of the oil used in fluid power system and helps to determine when
the oil must be changed. Generally the acids are formed as oils oxidize due to continuous Fig1. 2
Recommended viscosity values for various pumps MSRSAS usage which contaminate the oil,
the acid number helps to determine duration of replacement of oil is the other factor which is to
be considered other than bulk modulus while selection of the fluids.

CHAPTER NO: 4
WORKING

WORKING:
The hydraulic circuit for a milling machine is comparatively different from the hydraulic circuit
of the surface grinding machine and hydraulic circuit of the shaper machine. This is because the
table movement in milling operation is comparatively slower. Also, the different feeds or you
can say adjustable feeds are required for milling different types of work. Hence, in the hydraulic
circuit for the milling machines in addition to other elements a flow control valve is incorporated
in the circuit.

Fig: Hydraulic circuit diagram of milling machine
The hydraulic circuit of the milling machine consists of the following components:
 Oil reservoir or tank
 Hydraulic pump
 Pressure Relief Valve
 Spool type of direction control valve
 Double-acting cylinder
 Flow control valve it has a main pump which is low pressure and a high discharge pump, and
one booster pump, which is a low discharge high-pressure pump. The function of the booster
pump is to boost the hydraulic pressure to a level above that provided by the main pump. There
are two sets of flow control valve and check valve, fitted in both supplies and return line to the
cylinder, to achieve speed control in both the directions. A manually operated spool valve
decides the direction of the flow of the cylinder. The stroke length of the cylinder is adjustable
through limit switches. The limit switch disconnects the supply of oil to the cylinder when the
table reaches the set position.
Position (I) - Pump flow is given to cylinder blank end and extension starts and oil from rod end
is discharge to tank. In (II) position, pump flow diverted to rod end for retraction and blank end
side flow pass to tank.

CHAPTER NO: 5
SPECIFICATIONS

SPECIFICATIONS:
1. Oil pump:
Specification of oil pump:
 Oil pump capacity: 40 liters (hydraulic oil supply 35 liter only.)
2. Pump:
Specification of pump:
 Gear pump with 10 LPM capacity with 30 bar pressure.
3. Motor:
Specification of Motor:
 2 HP capacity 3 phase AC induction motor IS STD.
4. Suction trainer:
Specification of Suction trainer:
 1 number
5. Air breather:
Specification of Air breather
 1 number.
6. Direction control valve:
Specification of Direction control valve:
 4/2 way hand operated valve (lever) DC valve.

 Stroke length 100 mm both sides.
 Piston diameter: 20mm.
7. Hydraulic hose pipe:
Specification of Hydraulic hose pipe:
 Coupling connection joint: 1/4”.
8. Permanent coupling:

Specification of Permanent coupling:
 Coupling connection joint: 1/4”.
9. Table voice:
Specification of Table voice:
1.5 inch sq. rectangular table.
CHAPTER NO: 6
MACHINING PROCESS

Machining Process:
In our project there are many operations are perform to assembly many part to the hydraulic
milling machining circuit for this assembly we perform following operations:
1. Plain Milling Operation

2. Face Milling Operation
3. Side Milling Operation
4. Straddle Milling Operation
5. Angular Milling Operation
6. Gang Milling Operation
7. Form Milling Operation
8. Profile Milling Operation
9. End Milling Operation
10. Gear Milling Operation
11. Thread Milling Operation
12. Cam Milling Operation
13. Helical Milling Operation
14. T- Slot Milling Operation
15. Fly cutting Milling Operation
To perform these operations we take help from our guide teacher Mr.S.R.REDEKAR Sir. They
were guide to us what we can do? How will help us? And what is present technology to do it
very well.
Than all group member of our group was suggest there own opinions about process .We Use
specific instruments are use to perform those operation.
Following are some machines use for this:
1. Vernier Caliper
2. Micrometer
3. Steel rule
4. Measuring tap
CHAPTER NO: 7
ASSEMBLY

Assembly:
Circuit Diagram:


CHAPTER NO: 8
COST ESTIMATION
Cost Estimation:
Sr. No. Component Quantity Cost

1 1 4000/-
Double acting cylinder
2 1 2500/-
Direction control valve
3 1 5000/-
Hydraulic pump
4 1 500/-
Flow control valve
5 1 1000/-
Lever switch
6 1 2000/-
Control valve
7 1 1500/-
Filter
8 1 3000/-
Fabrication work
9 5 meter 700/-
Hoses
10 5 Liter 600/-
Oil
11 Total - 20,800/-

CHAPTER NO: 9
OUTCOMES
Outcomes:

Positive outcomes:
1. Increase production rate
2. Reduce manpower
3. Increase functional ability
4. Reduced dependence of worker
5. Better performance and efficiency
Negative outcomes:
1. The cost of this circuit is high.
2. Contaminants present in the hydraulic fluid will damage the system performance and
productivity. Hence, it requires continuous filtration.
3. Hydraulic fluids are the main requirement of any hydraulic system. Leakage of these
fluids will create environmental problems and safety issues.
4. Proper maintenance is required.

CHAPTER NO: 10
PROJECT PLAN

PROJECT PLAN:
Gantt chart

CHAPTER NO: 11
SCOPE IN FUTURE

SCOPE IN FUTURE:
There are plenty of scopes when we upgrade hydraulic circuit with milling machine for
automation. As we all know that heavy machinery is widely used in most of the companies based
on mechanical engineering. Large machines like milling machines are used for mass production
in all companies for mass production. In any company, production has to increase as the demand
for goods increases. In this project we are operating the milling machine using hydraulic circuit.
Which makes the table of the milling machine automatic? Using this method you will not need
much manpower in mass production. In addition, the use of hydraulic circuits in milling
machines helps in increasing the production rate.
Moving the milling machine to the table using fluid power helps to increase the production rate,
as well as the accuracy in production is greatly enhanced as the system is automated. In short,
the use of hydraulic circuits in milling machines saves time by speeding up production.
Therefore, this system made using hydraulic power can be used very well in the future.
We can adjust the speed of the milling machine table with the control of fluid in hydraulic
circuit.
Milling is perfect for producing individual pieces in small or large batches. It has the capability
of producing complicated shapes, using multi-tooth and single point cutting tools. The operation
costs can be controlled to a great extent if general-purpose cutters and equipment are used.
A milling machine is one of the most influential and versatile kinds of machines found in the
manufacturing industry.
The use of hydraulic circuit in milling machine has made this system easy and well equipped.
Due to high accuracy, precision, and the less time consuming activity and different various
applications we can use hydraulic milling machine circuit in industry.

CHAPTER NO: 12
SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

SUMMARY & CONCLUSION:
In this project we are operating the milling machine using hydraulic circuit, which makes the
table of the milling machine automatic. By using this method you will not need much manpower
in mass production? In addition, the use of hydraulic circuits in milling machines helps in
increasing the production rate.
Major benefits of this project to Industry:

1. Cycle time will be reduced due to hydraulic table movement. so that ultimately cycle time
will reduce .
2. Production rate will increases
3. Due to precise movement of table rework and rejections will be minimized.
4. The proposed clamping system provides the repeatability and high productivity, and also
offers a solution which reduces work piece distortion due to manual handling and machining
forces.
5. The person from industry will definitely satisfied with the performance of hydraulic table
movement because of more benefits compared with conventional process with accuracy and
repeatability on milling

CHAPTER NO: 13
REFERANCES

REFERANCES:
1. N. P. Maniar, D. P. Vakharia, “Design & Development of Fixture for CNC –Reviews,

Practices & Future Directions” International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research
Volume 4, Issue 2, February-2013 ISSN 2229-5518.
2. J Bakker, T N Papastasthis, AA Popov, S M Ratchev. “Active fixturing: literature review and

future research directions”. In proceeding International journal of production research, Vol 00,
Month 2011.
3. Sunny N Shahane, Amol D Lokhande, Shanjivani R Bhosale, Neha S Shirodkar. “Design and
Development of clamping fixture for Drilling of Boiler Tube Plate”.In proceeding International
journal of current engineering and technology, Issue-4 March 2016.
4. Sridharkeshava K B. “An advanced Treatise on Jigs and Fixture Design”. In proceeding

International journal of engineering research and technology, Vol.2 Issue 8 August- 2013.
5. K M Viragama, R D Makawama. “A study on Design of fixture for Valve Body for CNC
Machine”.In proceeding International journal of advance engineering and research development,
Volume-1. Issue 12 December-2014.
6. Shrinivas R, Mrs.Manjula, Saira Das Bharadwaj. Design modelling and analysis of

standardize hydraulic power pack. In proceeding International journal of research in Engineering
and Technology Vol 5.2015.

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PROTOTYPE MODEL OF HYDRAULIC MILLING MACHINE CIRCUIT

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 1

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 2

O.J Bakker et.al

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 3

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 4

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 5

Designing and Calculations

Construction of Frame Cutting as per

Finding errors and troubleshooting Yes

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Hydraulic circuit design:

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4) Pressure relief valve –

Pressure relief valve

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5) Spool type direction control valve:

Spool type direction control valve

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6) Double acting cylinder:

Double acting cylinder

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7) Milling Machine Table:

Milling Machine Table

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8) Pipes and hoses:

Pipes and hoses

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10) Milling Machine Cutter:

Milling Machine Cutter

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Types of milling machine

1. Column and knee type

a) Plain milling machine

b) Universal milling machine

c) Universal milling machine

d) Vertical milling machine

2. Table type milling machine

3. Planer type milling machine

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4. Special type milling machine

Column and knee type milling machine

a) Plain milling machine

c) Universal milling machine

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c) Vertical milling machine:

Vertical milling machine

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Horizontal milling machine:

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Fig: horizontal milling machine.

SELECTION OF HYDRAULIC FLUID:

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Flash point and fire point:

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Acid number or neutralization number:

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