Title: The Beautiful of Maritim Archipelago

Orientation: Topic/Background Introduction

- Maritime comes from Latin, namely mare, meaning sea.
- Maritrpreted as connecting to the sea.
- With the archipelago having more than 70% of its waters,
Indonesia should be a maritime country.
- In the past, Indonesia was known for its maritime power,
one of the most famous areas was Srivijaya.
- Srivijaya is called a maritime kingdom because Srivijaya is
located around the coast and its people carry out activities
related to the sea such as fishing, trade, and shipping.

Sequence of Events: The Kingdom's success in the maritime sector:

1. The maritime kingdom of Srivijaya is renowned for its
strength. They oversaw trade in the entire Southeast Asian
region, with routes coming from China, India, and Arabia.
The Srivijaya Empire traded a wide range of goods,
including spices, silk, and ivory.
2. Following Dapunta Hyang Sri Jayanasa (first king of the 7th
century AD), Samaragrawira (second king of the 8th
century AD), Dharanindra (third king of the 9th century),
and Samaratungga (fourth king of the 9th century), this
kingdom saw its golden period under king Balaputradewa
(10th century).
3. Controlling the Strait of Malacca, Bangka, maintaining the
security of the sea it controlled, meticulous development
planning, strategic location, possessing a sophisticated
naval force, and controlling commodities commerce were
some of Srivijaya's achievements in the realm of trade that
were taken into consideration.
4. When Srivijaya was at its peak, it was able to control the
Strait of Malacca, which had a significant positive impact
on the country's economy.
Partners and Enemies in maritime trade:
- To maintain excellent relations with various kingdoms in
Arabia, India, and China, including the Tang dynasty,
Srivijaya monopolized trade.
- The Srivijaya kingdom is said to have been besieged by
adversaries of the Cola kingdom in India because Srivijaya
imposed excessive taxes.
- Chola Kingdom: The Chola Kingdom, is an Indian state with
its capital in Tamil Nadu, was one of Srivijaya's greatest
adversaries in trade. In the Indian Ocean, the Cholas and
Srivijaya were engaged in a power struggle and trade war.
Control of important ports in the area was a frequent
source of conflict between these two kingdoms.
- Javanese Kingdoms: Several Javanese dynasties, including
the Majapahit and Medang Kingdoms (ancient Mataram
and Medang, respectively), might potentially be regarded
as competitors of Srivijaya commerce at various points in
history. The history of the war between Srivijaya and the
Javanese kingdoms includes significant contributions from
trade rivalries and political dominance in the Indonesian
archipelago.
- Malay Kingdoms: Despite sharing a common cultural
heritage with Srivijaya, some Malay dynasties, such as the
Srivijaya Melayu Kingdom, engaged in trade and
geopolitical rivalry with Srivijaya. Sometimes the conflict
resulting from this competition was armed.
- Mongols: To increase their power in the Indonesian