Nama : Dafi Diastutik

NIM : 22510125

Mata Kuliah : Bahasa Inggris

SUMMARY OF TOPIC 2

1. What are the Indonesian words for those in bold?

a. defined : di definisikan
b. forecast : meramal
c. plan : rencana
d. coordinate : koordinasi
e. control : control
f. define : mendefinisikan
g. directed : diarahkan
h. utilization : pemanfaatan
i. resources : sumber daya
j. pursuit : pencapaian
k. goals : sasaran
l. objectives : tujuan
m. scarce : langka
n. resources : sumberdaya
o. continues : merupakan
p. designing : mendesain
q. developing : mengembangkan
r. effecting : mengefektifkan
s. so as to : jadi untuk
t. predetermined : ditentukan sebelumnya

2. How many definitions of ‘management’ are there you can identify?

 There are five definitions of management

3. Mention the definitions of 'management' one by one.

a. According to Henri Fayol : "to manage is to forecast and plan to coordinate and control"
b. Van Fleet and Peterson define management i" as a set of activities directed as the efficient
and effective utilization of resources in pursuit of one or more goals"
c. Keitner stated that "Management ia a problem solving ptocess of effectively achieving
organizational goals and objectives through efficient use of scarce resources in a
changing environment.
d. Brech defined management as a social process which constitutes planning, controlling,
coordinating and motivating
e. Okumbe (1999) states that management is the process of designing, developing, and
effecting organizational objectives and resources so as to achieve predetermined
organizational goals.

4. Which definition is the most comprehensive do you think?

 The most comprehensive definition of management is the one adopted by Okumba

(1999), who states that management is the prosecc of designing, developing, and
 effecting organizational objectives and resources so as to achieve predetermined
organizational goals.

5. What are the keywords that correlate with those definitions?

 The keywords that correlate with those definitions are : designing, developing, effecting,
organizational objectives and resources so as to, predetermined organizational goals

6. Make your own definition of ‘management’ based on those mentioned in the texts.
 Management as a set of activities which constitutes planning, designing, developing,
controlling, coordinating and motivating effecting organizational objectives and
resources

7. Summarize the text using your own words in Bahasa Indonesia.

Istilah management telah didefinisikan oleh penulis yang berbeda, terdapat 5 definisi
management menurut penulis tersebut:

a. Menurut Henri Fayol untuk mengatur, untuk meraih dan rencana untuk koordinasi dan
kontrol/pengawasan
b. Van Fleet and Peterson mendefenisikan managemen sebagai serangkaian kegiatan yang
diarahkna untuk pemanfaatan sumber daya yang efektif dan efisien dalam pencapaian
satu atau lebih sasaran.
c. Keitner menyatakan bahwa managemen adalah sebuah cara pemecahan masallah secara
efektif, untuk mencapai sasaran dan tujuan organisasi melalui penggunaan sumber daya
yang langka dalam sebuah perubahan lingkungan.
d. Brech mendefinisikan management ada suatu proses sosial yang merupakan konstitusi
merencanakan, mengontrol, mengkordinasikan dan memotivasi,
e. Okumbe menyatakan bahwa managemen adalah proses mendesain, mengembangkan dan
mengefektifkan tuhuan/sasaran organisasi dan sumber daya jadi untuk mencapai tujuan
organisasi yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya.

8. What are the Indonesian words for those in bold?

 The Indonesian words for those in bold are :
term : istilah
human behaviour : tingkah laku manusia
through : melalui
such as : seperti
9. Make a definition of ‘administration’ based on the text.
 Administration is a process through which decisions are reached. Administration is the
process of directing and controlling life in any social organization such as schools or in
an industry

10. What is the Indonesian sentence for this: ‘Administration is a process through which
decisions are reached.’
 Administrasi adalah sebuah proses melalui suatu keputusan yang diraih.

11. What are the Indonesian words for those in bold?

 The Indonesian words for those in bold are:
thin : tipis
working with and through : bekerja dengan dan melalui
 accomplish : mencapai
establishing : menetapkan
implementation : penerapan/implementasi

12. Mention two main differences between ‘administration’ and ‘management’.

 Management is the process of working with and through groups or individuals to

accomplish organizational goals. Administration is concerned with directing and
controlling life in a social syst

13. According to the text which is higher in the position, ‘administration’ or‘management’?

 I think Management is higher in the position, because it deals with implementation of

laws and regulations

14. What are the Indonesian words for those in bold?

 The Indonesian words for those in bold are :

overall : keseluruhan
determination : tekad
purposes : tujuan
laying down : rebahan
broad : luas
enterprise : perusahaan
efforts : upaya
towards : terhadap
conceiving : memahami
sustaining : menopang
viability : kelangsungan hidup
Functions : fungsi
Usage/Applicability : penggunaan/penerapan
denote : menunjukkan
degree : tingkatan
performed : dilakukan

15. From the definitions of ‘administration’ formulated by Theo Haimann and Newman, what
can you conclude?
 Administration means overall determinations of policies, setting of major objectives, the
identification of general purposes and laying down of broad programmes and projects.
Administartion means guidance leadership and controll of the efforts of the groups
towards some common goals.

16. Mention the activities involve in ’administration’.

 The activities involve in ’administration’.setting of major objectives, identifying of

general purposes, and laying down of broad programmes and projects.

17. Mention the activities involve in ‘management’.

 the activities involve in ‘management conceiving, initiating and bringing together the
various elements : coordinating, actuating, integrating the diverse organizational
components while sustaining the viability of the organization towards some pre-
determined goals
18. Make a summary of the first table.

 Practically, there is no difference between management and administration. Every

manager is concerned with both -administrative management function and operative
management function as shown in the figure.

19. Make a summary of the second table.

 The figure above clearly shows the degree of administration and management performed
by the different levels of management
Management on the basic usage it is applicable to business concerns i.e. profit making
organization
Administration on the basic usage it is applicable to non-business concerns i.e clubs,
schools, hospitals, etc

20. What can you conclude from the figure showing the degree of administration and
management performed by the different levels of management?
 Based on the lower level, management is higher than administration.
Management is as same as administration on the middle level.
Based on the top level, administration is higher than management.

21. What are the Indonesian words for those in bold?

 The Indonesian words for those in bold are :

quite : cukup
applied fields of study : bidang studi terapan
deduce : menyimpulkan
refers to : mengacu pada
acquiring and allocating : memperoleh dan mengalokasikan
achievement : pencapaian

22. What is the difference between ‘educational administration’ and ‘educational management’?
 the difference between ‘educational administration’ and ‘educational management,
educational administration is a process of acquiring and allocating resources for the
achievement of predetermined educational goals. While Educational management is an
applied field of management.