Rolle’s theorem

Statement:
Let be continuous on a closed interval [ ] and differentiable on the open interval
If then there is at least one point where
Example: 1
Let . Find all vaues of in the interval [ ] such that

Solution:
is continuous in the closed interval [ ]
is differentiable everywhere in the open interval
Also

By Rolle’s theorem,

Example: 2
Given the function Find all values of in the open interval
such that
Solution:
The function is continuous on the closed interval [ ]

The function is differentiable on the open interval

All the conditions are satisfied. By using Rolle’s theorem,

Example: 3
Let Find all values of in the interval such that

Solution:
The is a quadratic polynomial.
Therefore it is continuous on the closed interval [ ] and differentiable in the open
interval

By using Rolle’s theorem,

Example: 4
Given an interval [ ] that satisfies the conditions of Rolle’s theorem for the function
. It is known that Find the value of

Solution:

The solutions of √
Among these four solutions, are real numbers.
Given that

Also
The function is a polynomial.
Therefore is everywhere continuous and differentiable.
The function is satisfies the Rolle’s theorem on the interval [ ]
Hence

Example: 5
Given an interval [ ] that satisfies the conditions of Rolle’s theorem for the function
. It is known that Find the value of

Solution:

The solutions of are

It is known that

Also
The function is a polynomial.
Therefore is everywhere continuous and differentiable.

The function is satisfies the Rolle’s theorem on the interval [ ]

Hence

Example: 6
Check the validity of Rolle’s theorem for the function

Solution:

The solutions of

The function is polynomial of degree two.

Therefore is everywhere continuous and differentiable.

The conditions of Rolle’s theorem are satisfied in the interval [ ]

Rolle’s theorem is verified.

Example: 7
Check the validity of Rolle’s theorem for the function √ on the segment
[ ].
Solution:

√ is continuous on the closed interval [ ] and differentiable over the

open interval

√ √

Rolle’s theorem is verified.

Example: 8

Check the validity of the Rolle’s theorem for the function on the segment

[ ]
Solution:

The function is discontinuous at the point

Since lies in the interval [ ]

Therefore is not continuous over the interval [ ]
Rolle’s theorem is not satisfied.

Example: 9
Check the validity of the Rolle’s theorem for the function | | [ ]

Solution:
| |

The function | | is continuous on the closed interval [ ].

To check the continuity of the function | |

{ }

When

When

These two limits are not equal.

The derivative of does not exists at
The function is not differentiable over the interval
Rolle’s theorem is not verified.