Journey Across the Life Span Human

Development and Health Promotion 5th

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Chapter 7. Toddlerhood

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. May is worried that 2 1/2-year-old Tracy has not grown in the past few months. The best response
would be:
a. “It is normal for growth to be slow at this time.”
b. “This could be a sign of bone disease.”
c. “This results from a poor state of nutrition.”
d. “She is expected to grow 4 to 5 inches during this period.”

____ 2. To help increase visual acuity in 2-year-old Charles, you would have his parents:
a. Hold large objects at close range
b. Place colored objects on the wall 19 feet away
c. Hold brightly colored paintings at close range
d. Hold large objects 6 feet away

____ 3. Bedtime rituals provide the child with a:

a. Sense of security
b. Sense of vulnerability
c. Feeling of panic
d. Sleepless night

____ 4. Children are prone to accidents because:

a. They act like grown-ups
b. Of an inability to recognize danger
c. Of poor peripheral vision
d. Of muscle weakness

____ 5. The typical potbellied appearance of the toddler is due to:

a. Rapid growth in the limbs
b. Separation of the vertebrae
c. Weak abdominal muscles
d. A rounded chest wall

____ 6. In a greenstick fracture, the bone:

a. Breaks in two distinct pieces
b. Breaks in several small pieces
c. Breaks and punctures the skin
d. Bends but does not break

____ 7. Toddlers are more prone to ear infection because the:

a. Internal ear is larger than that of an adult
b. Bones in the inner ear have not fused
c. Eustachian tube is shorter and wider
d. Ear fills more rapidly with wax
____ 8. At what age can a child climb the stairs two feet at a time?
a. 18 months
b. 12 months
c. 2 years
d. 3 years

____ 9. Hand dominance is not determined until:

a. 15 months
b. 12 months
c. 2 years
d. 3 years

____ 10. Bladder training can usually be accomplished by age:

a. 3 1/2 years
b. 18 months
c. 12 months
d. 2 years

____ 11. After and during toilet training, accidents should be handled:
a. By scolding the child
b. In a matter-of-fact way
c. Aggressively
d. By punishing the child

____ 12. Discipline in the toddler years is directed toward:

a. Denying the child freedom
b. Giving more opportunities to explore
c. Challenging creativity
d. Developing good behavior

____ 13. To reduce temper tantrums, the parent would best be instructed to:
a. Restrict the child’s movement
b. Punish the child
c. Give the child more choices
d. Remove the child from the environment

____ 14. In object permanence, the toddler:

a. No longer believes objects will disappear
b. Is afraid that the mother will abandon him or her
c. Believes objects change and disappear
d. Has paranoid tendencies

____ 15. The toddler’s eating habits are often influenced by:
a. Siblings
b. Reward
c. Instinct
d. Play
____ 16. The parent of 3-year-old Camille complains that she has eaten only a small amount of food over the
past week. She does not appear to be ill, and her mother would like to know how to resolve the
problem. You would advise her that:
a. In order to maintain her nutritional state, she must be force fed.
b. This is not an unusual pattern and will disappear without any intervention.
c. Allowing play at and close to mealtimes can stimulate the appetite.
d. Using a stool softener or laxative at night can stimulate the appetite.

____ 17. To foster good eating habits, toddlers should have:

a. Large meals offered
b. At least three meals per day
c. Staggered mealtimes
d. An appetite stimulant

____ 18. Play that is symbolic means the child:

a. Engages in pretend play
b. Likes to squeeze soft toys
c. Must be placed in real play situations
d. Plays in isolation

____ 19. Toddlers generally prefer to:

a. Play with other children
b. Play alone
c. Play with grown-ups
d. Play alongside other children

____ 20. An example of play that fosters fine motor development is:
a. Pushing toys
b. Riding a bike
c. Playing with pots and pans
d. Building blocks

____ 21. Sheila Torres brings her 18-month-old toddler to the pediatric clinic. Which of the following
findings would represent normal growth?
a. The child can independently brush her teeth.
b. There is complete ossification of all the bones.
c. Language development is complete.
d. The anterior fontanel is closed.

____ 22. Mrs. King is concerned about what can be done to correct her toddler’s lazy eye. Which of the
following responses by the nurse practitioner would be correct?
a. Correction is spontaneous.
b. Patching the weaker eye will restore strength.
c. Patching the stronger eye forces use of the weaker eye.
d. Surgical correction will be necessary.

____ 23. At 2 1/2-years-old, which of the following vital signs would be considered normal?
a. Respiratory rate of 40
b. Temperature of 99.4°F
 c. Heart rate of 110 bpm
d. Blood pressure of 110/60

____ 24. Given paper and a pencil, a 3-year-old child can draw:
a. Vertical strokes
b. A detailed face and body
c. A hand
d. A triangle

____ 25. To enhance food intake, toddlers need:

a. Snacks scheduled before meals
b. Consistent mealtimes
c. Food to soothe their crying
d. Decreased fluid intake

____ 26. Identify which eating habit is common in toddlers.

a. Consistency with the same foods
b. Food fads and fluctuating appetites
c. Dawdling or playing with their food
d. All of the above

____ 27. The nurse instructs the parents of a 2 1/2-year-old boy on dental health. The nurse is correct to
advise the parents to:
a. Offer carbohydrate snacks
b. Brush his teeth once a day
c. Visit the dentist yearly
d. Use milk in the night bottle

____ 28. The parents of a 3-year-old and 5-month-old are concerned that their toddler is very jealous when
they are caring for the infant. The toddler becomes demanding and unreasonable. The nurse is
correct when she advises the parents that this is:
a. A sign of delayed development
b. A sign of emotional instability
c. An expected outcome
d. A delayed reaction to the birth

Completion
Complete each statement.

1. For toddlers, solitary play during infancy progresses to ____________________ play.

Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.

____ 1. Which of the following gross motor skills are acquired during the toddler stage? (Select all that
apply.)
a. Walking
b. Climbing stairs
 c. Hopping
d. Standing on one foot

____ 2. Child abuse includes: (Select all that apply.)

a. Physical
b. Neglect
c. Psychological
d. Sexual
Chapter 7. Toddlerhood
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: A
Growth is most rapid during infancy, and then it slows down during toddlerhood.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
2. ANS: D
Holding objects at a distance of 6 feet helps develop visual ability.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
3. ANS: A
Sameness and habits provide people with a sense of security.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
4. ANS: B
Toddlers have not yet become aware of what is not safe in their environments; therefore, they need
total adult supervision.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
5. ANS: C
As toddlers learn to stand erect and walk, their abdominal muscles strengthen.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
6. ANS: D
The bones of a toddler are soft and bend rather than break.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
7. ANS: C
The eustachian tube is shorter and wider in a toddler than it is in the older individual.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
8. ANS: C
At 2 years, balance is not developed to the point where stairs can be managed using alternating feet.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
9. ANS: A
Hand preference does not mature until 15 months.
 PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
10. ANS: A
Bladder training occurs after muscle development takes place.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
11. ANS: B
It is best not to stress the child by placing emphasis on accidents while he or she is learning to be
toilet trained.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
12. ANS: B
Toddlers learn by exploring their environments.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
13. ANS: D
Parents should remove the child from the source of the tantrum to a quiet zone.

PTS: 1 KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation

14. ANS: A
In the stage known as object permanence, the child realizes that just because the object is out of sight
does not mean that it no longer exists.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
15. ANS: A
Older siblings teach the toddler, and some behavior is copied.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
16. ANS: B
Toddlers have periods of eating jags, which will disappear if ignored.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
17. ANS: B
By the toddler period, the child is ready to eat three meals per day.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
18. ANS: A
Play style is imaginative and symbolic of roles and learning.

PTS: 1
 KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
19. ANS: D
Toddler play style is known as parallel play.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
20. ANS: D
Fine motor skills are those skills that use the hands.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
21. ANS: D
Between 12 and 18 months of age, the anterior fontanel closes.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
22. ANS: C
Patching the stronger eye helps strengthen the muscles of the weaker eye.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Evaluation | Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
23. ANS: D
This blood pressure is within the normal range for this age.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Evaluation | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
24. ANS: A
Vertical strokes can be drawn by a 3-year-old child.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Evaluation | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
25. ANS: B
Consistent mealtimes help the toddler develop an appetite.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
26. ANS: D
Toddlers like consistency with the same foods, they develop food fads, their appetites fluctuate, and
they play with their food and dawdle.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
27. ANS: C
Yearly visits to the dentist are recommended for the toddler to maintain good dental health.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
28. ANS: C
 Sibling rivalry is an expected behavior at this stage of development.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

COMPLETION

1. ANS:
parallel
Parallel play is the style of toddlers

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

MULTIPLE RESPONSE

1. ANS: A, B, C, D
Toddlers acquire gross motor skills, including walking and stair climbing.

PTS: 1
KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
2. ANS: A, B, C, D PTS: 1
KEY: Client Needs: Psychological Integrity | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment