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無標題文件 - Google
無標題文件 - Google
rganic
O Organic Bacillus,Clostridium, orEnterobacteriaceae
rganotroph
O compound compounds
s s (chemoheterotroph
) or carbon fixation
s
(chemoautotrophs)
In many ways, bacterial metabolism provides traits that are useful forecological stabilityand for
human society. For example,diazotrophshave the abilitytofix nitrogengas using the enzyme
[106]
nitrogenase. This trait, which can be found inbacteria of most metabolic types listed
[107]
above, leads to the ecologically important processesofdenitrification,sulfate reduction, and
[108]
cetogenesis, respectively.
a Bacterial metabolicprocesses are important drivers in biological
responses topollution; for example,sulfate-reducingbacteriaare largely responsible for the
production of the highly toxic forms ofmercury(methyl-anddimethylmercury) in the
[109]
nvironment.
e Nonrespiratory anaerobes usefermentationto generate energy and reducing
power, secreting metabolic by-products (such asethanolin brewing) as waste.Facultative
anaerobescan switch between fermentation and differentterminal electron acceptorsdepending
[110]
on the environmental conditions in which they find themselves.