5G Core Basics

5G Core Basics
Knowledge Plus
October 2018
Igor Giangrossi
Principal Consulting Engineer | IP/Optical Networks
Dave Nowoswiat
Product & Solutions Marketing | MCA - ION
1 © 2018 Nokia
Agenda
• 5G Introduction
• 5G Core System Architecture
• Deployment Options
• Summary
2 © 2018 Nokia Nokia Internal

Housekeeping
- This session will mostly focus on the 5G Core – we won’t talk about radio specific technologies
such as Massive MIMO, OFDM, Beamforming, mmWave, air interface, cell handoffs, etc.
- Icon colors are consistent throughout the presentation:
4G/LTE 5G
- This is 5G Core Basics session and we have only 90 minutes: it’s impossible to cover everything!!!

Introduction to 5G

What Is 5G?
ITU-R IMT-2020 performance goals
Peak Data Rate
(Gbps) Enhanced Mobile
Peak Data Broadband
20
Rate
Area Traffic Capacity User Experienced
(Mbps/m2) Data Rate (Mbps)
User Experienced
Area Traffic Data Rate
10 1 100 Capacity
1 10
0.1
5G
4G
100x Spectrum
Energy 10x 1x Spectrum
Efficiency 1x Efficiency Energy Efficiency Efficiency
3x
Massive Machine
350 Type Communications
105
106 500
10 Connection Mobility
Density
Connection Density Mobility
(devices/km2) (Km/h) Ultra Reliable And Low
1
Latency Latency Communications
Latency (ms)
Source: ITU-R M.2038.0

5G early market use cases
Nokia unveils high value 5G business models
Dense city area Highway Public transport Dedicated

use cases use cases use cases use cases
4K/8K video
streaming VR/AR
Drones
Hotspots Industry Hotspots
Truck platooning In-vehicle Home Structural 5G
Events infotainment Healthcare deployment
area
Powerful Efficient Intelligent Flexible

Coherent 5G industry roadmap
5G standards roadmap
Pre-standard 3GPP 5G Phase 1 3GPP 5G Phase 2 3GPP 5G Rel. 17 Optimized standard
completing full
Industry specs Mobile broadband, Massive IoT
5G vision
low latency & high Shared and
reliability unlicensed
Future-X-like new core spectrum
NSA (*) SA (*)
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
5G industry Pre-standards Standards- First standards-based Standards-based

roadmap 5G start based trials 5G deployments 5G mass rollout
* NSA: Non standalone; SA: Standalone Functional freeze Protocol (ASN.1) freeze

5G System Architecture

End-to-end 5G capability based on Future X architecture
Digital value Web Enterprise & Dynamic

7 8
platforms vertical apps data security
External data sources • New trust framework
• Ecosystem sharing
Augmented • Mass edge monitoring
6
cognition systems
Analytics Machine
learning
Open APIs
Management and
Programmable orchestration
5 SDN NFV
network OS Dynamic customer Dynamic network Multi-operator
services optimization federation
5G Cloud-native Core
Universal
4
adaptive core Access-agnostic Modular, decomposed Common
converged core network functions data layer
Short waves
Autonomously and wires
optimized coverage
and capacity Long
Software- fibers
defined
Converged
0 Emerging devices 1 Massive scale 2 Converged 3 Smart network node
and sensors access edge cloud fabric

Recap: Evolving the 4G Core Architecture
Control User Plane Separation (CUPS) benefits
Traditional Architecture CUPS Architecture

HSS PCRF OCS HSS PCRF OCS
MME MME S/PGW-C
eNB S/PGW Internet eNB S/PGW-U Internet
Scales control and user Lower integration costs Provides optimal Provides reduced
planes independently to other EPC functions routing paths latency and better QoE

5G System Architecture
An open, cloud-native design
✓ Functional Decomposition Common Data Layer UDSF UDR
✓ Open API (SBA using HTTP 2.0)

✓ Common Data Storage
AUSF SMSF
Control Plane 3rd Party
✓ Network Capabilities Exposure Apps
UDM PCF NEF
✓ Unified Access (incl. non 3GPP) SBA Bus
SEPP Roaming
✓ Network Slicing Partners
✓ Edge Computing Enablers

AMF SMF NRF NSSF AF
✓ Flow Based QoS

UE gNB UPF UPF DN
User Plane
DN
5G NR (New Radio) Architecture
Based on Cloud RAN with three layers
EPC/5GC
Backhaul
gNB
CU
F1 F1 F1 Midhaul
High Layer Split
DU DU DU
Fronthaul
Low Layer Split
RU RU RU
CU: Centralized Unit
Note: 3GPP considers the DU to include RU DU: Distributed Unit
RU: Radio Unit

5G Core Basics: Connection Management
Orthogonality of functions
4G CUPS Core (EPC) 5G Core
MME S/PGW-C AMF SMF
eNB S/PGW-U Internet gNB UPF DN

5G Core Basics: Connection Management
Orthogonality of functions
4G CUPS Core (EPC) 5G Core
SM
M
SM SM
M M
M
MME S/PGW-C AMF SMF
UP UP
eNB S/PGW-U Internet gNB UPF DN
Legend:
M
Mobility Management
M
SM Session Management
UP User Plane

AMF: Access and Mobility Management Function
Responsible for all mobility management tasks
PCF AUSF UDM NRF
Handles Registration, Connection, Reachability and

Mobility Management; relays Session Management
messages to SMF SBA Bus
AMF SMF
Performs UE Authentication (via AUSF) and
N1 N4
Authorization, interacts with NSSF to validate slicing N2
permissions N3 N6
UE gNB UPF DN
Delivers SMS over NAS (from SMSF), interacts with

Location Function (LMF), provides UE mobility
notifications UE: User Equipment AUSF: Authentication Server Function
AMF: Access & Mobility Mgmt. Function UDM: Unified Data Management
SMF: Session Management Function DN: Data Network
UPF: User Plane Function SBA: Service Based Architecture

SMF: Session Management Function
Responsible for all session management tasks
PCF AUSF UDM NRF
Handles establishment, modification and release of

PDU sessions. Interacts with the access network via
the AMF SBA Bus
AMF SMF
Performs UPF selection (via NRF) and control (via N4).
N1 N4
Handles IP address management, including DHCP, and N2
ARP/ND for Ethernet PDUs (via proxy on UPF) N3 N6
UE gNB UPF DN
Interfaces with the Charging and Policy functions.

Determines the SSC mode of a PDU session
UE: User Equipment AUSF: Authentication Server Function

UPF: User Plane Function
Responsible for all user plane forwarding tasks
PCF AUSF UDM NRF
Performs all user plane functions on the packets:

forwarding, routing, marking, QoS, inspection, etc.
SBA Bus
AMF SMF
Enforces policies received from the PCF (via SMF). N1

N2
N4
Sends traffic usage reporting to the SMF for charging.

N3 N6
UE gNB UPF DN
Connects to external networks (N6) or other UPF in a

daisy chain configuration (N9)

N3IWF: Non-3GPP Interworking Function
Unified architecture for any access type
AUSF UDM
Common set of interfaces for UEs and Access Nodes

to access the 5G Core. Common framework for
Registration, Connection and Session Management SBA Bus
AMF SMF
Current release targets untrusted access via IPSec only
(similar to ePDG/VoWiFi in LTE). Release 16 will add N1 N2
trusted access via collaboration with BBF N3
gNB UPF DN
IP, Ethernet and Unstructured PDU types provide the UE N2
flexibility needed for multiple access technologies N3
WLAN N3IWF

Simplified 5G UE Registration Call Flow
Detailed flow on TS 23.502, section 4.2.2.2.2
UE RAN AMF SMF AUSF UDM PCF
1. Registration Request
2. AMF Selection
3. Registration Request
4. Identity (SUCI) Exchange
5. AUSF Selection
6. Authentication/Security
7. UDM Selection
8. Registration, Subscription – UE Context Retrieval
9. Access and Mobility Policy Association
10. Registration Accept

Service Based Architecture
Cloud friendly producer/consumer model
UDSF UDR
Based on HTTP/2 with JSON objects, using a

RESTful API (no more Diameter)
AUSF SMSF
UDM
Each NF publishes its own capabilities (API), and any PCF NEF
other NF can consume them SBA Bus
AMF SMF NRF NSSF AF
Enables reusability and flexibility, bringing openness to

the 5G Core AMF: Access & Mobility Mgmt. Function
UDM: Unified Data Management
SMSF: SMS Function
NRF: NF Repository Function PCF: Policy Control Function
NSSF: Network Slice Selection Function NEF: Network Exposure Function
AF: Application Function UDR: Unified Data Repository
AUSF: Authentication Server Function UDSF: Unstructured Data Storage Function

HTTP/2 Details
UDSF UDR
Derived from Google’s SPDY, provides binary
framing, bidirectional multiplexed streams with
NUDSF NUDR
priorities, flow control, server push capabilities
AUSF SMSF UDM PCF NEF
The following HTTP methods are supported: GET / NAUSF NSMSF NUDM NPCF NNEF
POST / PUT / PATCH / DELETE SBA Bus

NAMF NSMF NNRF NNSSF
AMF SMF NRF NSSF AF
The APIs URI follow the format

{apiRoot}/{apiName}/{apiVersion}/{apiResources} AMF: Access & Mobility Mgmt. Function UDM: Unified Data Management
http://10.0.0.1/nsmf-pdusession/v1/pdu-sessions SMF: Session Management Function
NRF: NF Repository Function
SMSF: SMS Function
PCF: Policy Control Function

Interaction models and functionalities
Consumer Producer
API Functionalities:
Request
Service Registration and De-registration: to make
the NRF aware of the available NF instances and
Response supported services
Consumer Producer Service Discovery: to enable a NF Service Consumer

Subscribe
to discover NF Service Producer instance(s) which
provide the expected NF service(s)
Notify
Service Authorization: to ensure the NF Service

Consumer Producer Consumer Consumer is authorized to access the NF service
Subscribe
provided by the NF Service Producer
Notify

SBA API Example: Nsmf_PDUSession API
OpenAPI 3.0 Compliant
SM Contexts Collection
POST /sm-contexts Create SM Context
Individual SM Context
AMF SMF
POST /sm-contexts/{smContextRef}/retrieve Retrieve SM Context
POST /sm-contexts/{smContextRef}/modify Update SM Context 1. POST …/sm-contexts (SmContextCreateData)
POST /sm-contexts/{smContextRef}/release Release SM Context

2a. 201 Created (SmContextCreatedData)
PDU Sessions Collection

POST /pdu-sessions Create PDU Session 2b. 4xx/5xx (SmContextCreateError) or 3xx
Individual PDU Session

POST /pdu-sessions/{pduSessionRef}/modify Update PDU Session
POST /pdu-session/{pduSessionsRef}/release Release PDU Session

NRF: Intelligent Resource Discovery and Selection
Policy driven function selection for optimal performance
NRF NSSF AUSF UDM
Maintains the NF profile of available NF instances

and their supported services, and provides NF
discovery and selection SBA Bus
SMF1
Selection criteria can include location (latency), load, AMF SMF2
N4 N4
Data Network Name (application), access network
type, slice, etc. N6
UE gNB UPF1 DN
N9 N6
Provides much more granular policies and dynamic UPF2 UPF3

capabilities when compared to DNS selection
MEC

Common Data Layer
Shared storage for state efficient processing
UDSF UDR
UDSF can store data from any Network Function in

the 5G Core (unstructured data)
AUSF SMSF
UDR can store policy data from the PCF, subscriber UDM PCF NEF
data from the UDM, and exposure data from the NEF
SBA Bus
AMF SMF NRF NSSF AF
This architectures allows stateless functions, providing

more robustness by decoupling compute and storage AMF: Access & Mobility Mgmt. Function
SMSF: SMS Function

Example: UDSF Based AMF Restoration
Central backup of UE contexts for high availability
UDSF
UE1 UE2 UE3 UE contexts
backup
AMF1 UE1 AMF2
AMF Set
UE2
X
AMF3 UE3
UE contexts
cache

Example: UDSF Based AMF Restoration
Central backup of UE contexts for high availability
UDSF
UE1 UE2 UE3 UE contexts
backup
AMF1 UE1 AMF2 UE2 UE3

UE contexts
cache
AMF Set

SEPP: Roaming Interconnection via an HTTP Proxy
Simplifies and secures the control plane
UDSF UDR
The Security Edge Protection Proxy interconnects the

control plane in roaming agreements
AUSF SMSF
UDM
Provides message filtering and topology hiding PCF NEF
between domains SBA Bus

SEPP Roaming
Partners
AMF SMF NRF NSSF AF
Implemented by an HTTP proxy to control which APIs

and values are accessible from other PLMNs AMF: Access & Mobility Mgmt. Function
SMSF: SMS Function

Network Capabilities Exposure
Allows external applications access to the 5G Core
UDSF UDR
Exposes 5G Core capabilities and events to external

applications. Uses the UDR as its data source
AUSF SMSF
3rd Party
Apps
UDM
Allows 3rd parties to securely provision information to PCF NEF
the 5G Core (e.g. Expected UE Behavior) SBA Bus
AMF SMF NRF NSSF AF
Handles masking of sensitive network information to

external parties AMF: Access & Mobility Mgmt. Function
SMSF: SMS Function

Basic 5G Construct: PDU Session
Connects a UE to a data network
AUSF UDM
Established, modified and released via NAS

signaling (N1) between the UE and SMF (relayed by
the AMF). SBA Bus
N1
AMF SMF
Each PDU session has a specific Data Network Name,
IP address, QoS, mobility mode (SSC), charging
characteristics, Policy, and an exclusive ID. PDU Session
UE gNB UPF DN
There are 5 PDU Session types: IPv4, IPv6, IPv4v6,

Ethernet and Unstructured.

Simplified 5G PDU Session Establishment Call Flow
Detailed flow on TS 23.502, section 4.3.2.2
UE RAN AMF SMF UPF UDM PCF
1. PDU Session Establishment Request
2. SMF Selection
3. Create SM Context Request

4. Session Management Subscription Registration/Subscription
5. Create SM Context Response
6. PCF Selection
7. SM Policy Association
8. UPF Selection *IP Address allocation
9. SM Policy Association Modification
10. Forwarding Config (N4)

11. N1 N2 SM Message Transfer
12. UE/RAN Resource Setup + PDU Establishment Accept
13. IPv6 RA (N4)
14. IPv6 RA
Data Flow

Edge Computing Enabler: Single and Multiple PDU Session Anchors
Flexibility via independent control and user plane
NRF NSSF AUSF UDM
PDU Session Anchor is where a UPF delivers traffic

to a Data Network (via N6)
SBA Bus
AMF SMF1 SMF2

A PDU session can have multiple PDU Session Anchors
N4 N4
to the same Data Network, allowing for local content
access
N3 N6
UE gNB UPF1 DN
PDU Session Anchors can be inserted or removed N3

UPF2
N9 N6
UPF3 DN
dynamically by the SMF N6
MEC

Selective Routing Method 1: Uplink Classifiers
Enables multiple PDU Session Anchors for IPv4, IPv6 and Ethernet
An Uplink Classifier (UL CL) diverts uplink traffic SBA Bus
basic on filters configured by the SMF. It also

merges downlink traffic to the UE AMF SMF
N4
Uplink
Classifier
The UE is unaware of the existence of any UL CL in its
PDU Sessions. Multiple UL CLs can be added to a PDU N9 N6
Session. UE gNB UPF1 UPF2 DN
N9 N6
An UPF performing the UL CL role can also act as a UPF3 DN
PDU Session Anchor. Local access to the

same DN

Selective Routing Method 2: IPv6 Multi-Homing
Enables multiple PDU Session Anchors for IPv6
A Branching Point diverts uplink traffic basic on SBA Bus
source routing, configured by the SMF. It also

merges downlink traffic to the UE AMF SMF
N4
Branching
The UE selects which IPv6 prefix to use according to Point
the desired route. It can also be used to provide SSC

N9 N6
mode 3 (make-before-break relocation) UE gNB UPF1 UPF2 DN
IPv6 Prefix 1 N9 N6
An UPF performing the Branching Point role can also IPv6 Prefix 2
UPF3 DN
act as a PDU Session Anchor. Local access to the

same DN

Per PDU Session & Service Continuity
Different modes available on a per PDU basis
NRF NSSF AUSF UDM
SSC Mode 1: Same UPF across gNBs. No loss of

connectivity or IP address changes SBA Bus
AMF SMF
N4
SSC Mode 2: Different UPFs across gNBs. Connectivity N6
may not be preserved. IP address may change (break-
gNB1 UPF
before-make) SSC1
gNB2
SSC2 N4
SSC Mode 3: Different UPFs across gNBs with dual UE N6
PDU session anchor. No loss of connectivity. IP address
gNB3 UPF DN
may change, with the old address temporarily SSC3 N9 N4
maintained (make-before-break) N6
gNB4 UPF

Network Slicing Capabilities
Enables “Network-as-a-Service” model
NSSF
Network Slicing provides the ability to deploy

control and user plane functions for a group of
SBA Bus
UEs, independent of the access type
AMF SMF SMF

An UE can connect to up to 8 slices simultaneously.
The AMF must be common to all slices serving a UE.
Network functions can be shared or dedicated to each
UPF DN
slice
UE gNB
The NSSF selects during the registration procedure UPF DN

which slices the UE can connect, and the AMF that can
serve the UE. AMF redirection might occur

Network Slice Identification and Selection
NSSAI and S-NSSAI
S-NSSAI Format and Applicability:
SST SD
(Slice/Service Type) (Slice Differentiator) NSSAI
S-NSSAI 1 SST:1 / SD:Null eMBB
SST Value Slice/Service Type S-NSSAI 2 SST:3 / SD:Null IoT

1 eMBB
S-NSSAI 3 SST:3 / SD:A Custom IoT
2 URLLC
.
3 MIoT .
.
4 – 127 Standard (TBD) Roaming not
S-NSSAI 8 possible
128 - 255 Operator-specific
SST SD Applicability
Standard Null All PLMNs
Operator-specific Null PLMN Specific
Any Non-Null PLMN Specific NSSAI: Network Slice Selection Assistance Information SST: Slice/Service Type
S-NSSAI: Single NSSAI SD: Slice Differentiator

Network Slice Availability
Defined on a per tracking area basis
TAI 1 TAI and supported slices provisioned in the gNB

Slices 1,2,3 configuration
TAI 2
Slices 1,2
TAI 1
Slices 1,2,3 gNB signals to AMF (via N2) and neighboring gNBs
TAI 1
(via Xn) its TAI and supported slices. AMF signals to
TAI 2
Slices 1,2 Slices 1,2,3 gNB the slices it supports.
TAI 2 TAI 3
Slices 1,2 Slices 1,3
TAI 2 TAI 3 AMF updates the TAI to slice mapping availability in
Slices 1,2 Slices 1,3 the NSSF. The NSSF sends back the policy with allowed
slices per TAI.

Simplified Network Slice Selection Flow
Step-by-step UE registration to network slice
1. UE receives NSSAI configuration for the PLMN
2. UE sends registration request to the RAN with desired S-
NSSAI NRF NSSF AUSF UDM
3. RAN sends registration request to default AMF, or to
previously connected AMF if available
5 4
4. AMF queries UDM for UE subscriptions, including S-NSSAIs
SBA Bus
5. AMF queries the NSSF for allowed and rejected S-NSSAIs.
NSSF can also return the NSF and AMF to serve the slice(s)
6. AMF determines a Registration Area and sends back to UE 6 AMF SMF
the allowed and rejected S-NSSAIs
3
After that, UE initiates a PDU Session establishment procedure to
the selected AMF, for a given S-NSSAI and DNN. AMF uses the 1
NRF received from the NSSF to select the appropriate SMF to UE 2 gNB UPF DN
serve that request. Standard PDU Session setup follows.

Network Slice Management and Orchestration
Slice-aware orchestration of multiple domains
Ser vice Level

Control/Orchestration End-to-End Service Orchestrator
Domain Level Radio Transport DC+Core Transport DC+Core

Control/Orchestration Orchestrator Orchestrator Orchestrator Orchestrator Orchestrator
Radio Transport Edge Cloud Transport Cloud Core

5G Flow-Based QoS Model
More granular control of traffic flows
5G Core has no bearers, QoS is applied to

individual flow groups. The SMF sends packet filters
identifying QoS profiles for specific flows, and a
default profile for all other flows UE gNB UPF
DRB#1 PDU Session
The QoS Flow Identifier (QFI) uniquely identifies the QFI-A

QoS profile within a PDU session. It is signaled by the
QFI-B
SMF and spans UE, AN (radio), and UPF
QFI-C
DRB#2
N3
5G QoS Identifier (5QI) used to determine QoS
characteristics of a flow (resource type, priority, delay,
loss, etc.)

Downlink Flow Handling Overview
N2
(QoS Profile, QFI)
AMF
N4
(SDF Templates)
UE gNB UPF SMF
DRB#1 PDU Session
QFI-A
QFI-B
QFI-C
Derives QoS rules when DRB#2 Downlink data to QFI mapping
N3
Reflective QoS is activated Enforces PDU Session bit rate (DL)
QFI to DRB mapping QFI/RQI marking in encapsulation header

Enforces UE bit rate (UL/DL) Transport DSCP marking

Uplink Flow Handling Overview
N1
(User data to QFI)
N2
(QoS Profile, QFI) AMF
RRC N4
(QFI to DRB) (SDF Templates)
UE gNB UPF SMF
DRB#1 PDU Session
QFI-A
QFI-B
QFI-C
Data to QFI to DRB mapping DRB#2 Checks validity of QFI markings
N3
Enforces PDU Session bitrate (UL) Enforces PDU Session bit rate (UL)
QFI to N3 tunnel mapping

Tunnel and transport DSCP marking
Enforces UE bit rate (UL/DL)

5G Deployment Options

5G Deployment Options
Standalone (SA) and non-standalone (NSA)
Option 1 | SA LTE with EPC Option 2 | SA NR with 5GC Option 5 | SA eLTE with 5GC
EPC 5GC 5GC
LTE NR eLTE
Option 3 | NSA LTE+NR with EPC Option 4 | NSA NR+LTE with 5GC Option 7 | NSA eLTE+NR with 5GC
EPC 5GC 5GC
LTE NR NR eLTE eLTE NR
S1 - MME N2 (CP) X2-C Xn-C

S1 - U N3 (UP) X2-U Xn-U
4G and 5G Core Interworking
N26 based context transfers
HSS + UDM PCRF + PCF
Interworking based on deploying some combined S6a
4G+5G functions. SGW, MME and AMF are PGW-C + SMF
deployed independently S5-C
N4
SBA Bus
S11
4G CUPS is a pre-requisite for this model, with the S5-U
SGW separated from the PGW. Use of CUPS for the MME SGW PGW-U + UPF
SGW is optional
N26
AMF
S1-MME S1-U
N2
N3
4G functions use Diameter, 5G functions use the SBA.
The PCRF+PCF only uses the SBA. eNB gNB
Internet

Nokia 5G Cloud-native Core
3GPP 5G Core Service Based Architecture
Smart Smart Cloud Cloud Cloud
Plan Plan Signaling Signaling Signaling Inter-PLMNs
Suite Suite Director Director Director
Shared Data AF Application Function
Layer CHF PCF NFP BSF SEPP AMF Access and mobility Management Function
AUSF Authentication Server Function
AF
BSF Binding Support Function
UDR
CHF Charging Function
DN Data Network
Subscriber DN N3IWF Non-3GPP Interworking Function
Data Mgmt. NEF Network Exposure Function
NG RAN Next Generation Radio Access Network
NPF Network Function Proxy
UDM Cloud Cloud NRF Network function Repository
Mobile Mobile NSSF Network Slice Selection Function
Gateway Gateway PCF Policy Control Function
Shared Service-Based
SMF UPF SEPP Security Edge Protection Proxy
Data Layer Architecture
SMF Session Management Function
SMSF Short Message Service Function
UDSF Cloud UDM Unified Data Management
NG RAN
Mobility UDR Unified Data Repository
Manager UDSF Unstructured Data Storage Function
Subscriber UE User Equipment
Data Mgmt. AMF UE
UPF User Plane Function
or AAA
AUSF
SMSF NEF NSSF NRF N3IWF
Telecom Network Cloud Cloud Cloud

Application Exposure Mobile Mobile Mobile
Server Function Gateway Gateway Gateway

Relevant 5G Standards
If you need to dive deeper
Basic Concepts: TS 23.501 – 5G System Architecture Description
Call flows and SBA services: TS 23.502 – Procedures for the 5G System
Policy and Charging: TS 23.503 – Policy and Charging Control for the 5G System
SBA API Definition: TS 29.5xx (one for each API)
Security : TS 33.501 – Security Architecture and Procedures for the 5G System
Identifier formats: TS 23.003 – Numbering, Addressing and Identification

Summary

Nokia 5G Solution
Where to get more information
https://networks.nokia.com/5g https://networks.nokia.com/topics/5g-core

Cloud Packet Core Resources
Where to get more information
Packet and 5G Core SRC Packet Core (OneStore) Cloud Packet Core (external)
• Marketing SharePoint for collection • Web site with high-level
CPC solution and product
information • Repository for all CPC messaging and solution
solution and product information
information
• https://nokia.sharepoint.com/sites • https://networks.nokia.com/solu
/sales- • https://onestore.nokia.com/#//c tions/packet-core
center/ION/Packet_NG_Core ollection/2085

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5G Core Basics

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5G Core Basics

• 5G Core System Architecture

2 © 2018 Nokia Nokia Internal

- Icon colors are consistent throughout the presentation:

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4 © 2018 Nokia Nokia Internal

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Dense city area Highway Public transport Dedicated

Powerful Efficient Intelligent Flexible

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2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

5G industry Pre-standards Standards- First standards-based Standards-based

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Digital value Web Enterprise & Dynamic

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Traditional Architecture CUPS Architecture

MME MME S/PGW-C

eNB S/PGW Internet eNB S/PGW-U Internet

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✓ Open API (SBA using HTTP 2.0)

✓ Unified Access (incl. non 3GPP) SBA Bus

✓ Edge Computing Enablers

✓ Flow Based QoS

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4G CUPS Core (EPC) 5G Core

MME S/PGW-C AMF SMF

eNB S/PGW-U Internet gNB UPF DN

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4G CUPS Core (EPC) 5G Core

eNB S/PGW-U Internet gNB UPF DN

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PCF AUSF UDM NRF

Handles Registration, Connection, Reachability and

Delivers SMS over NAS (from SMSF), interacts with

15 © 2018 Nokia Nokia Internal

PCF AUSF UDM NRF

Handles establishment, modification and release of

ARP/ND for Ethernet PDUs (via proxy on UPF) N3 N6

Interfaces with the Charging and Policy functions.

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PCF AUSF UDM NRF

Performs all user plane functions on the packets:

Enforces policies received from the PCF (via SMF). N1

Sends traffic usage reporting to the SMF for charging.

Connects to external networks (N6) or other UPF in a

17 © 2018 Nokia Nokia Internal

Common set of interfaces for UEs and Access Nodes

IP, Ethernet and Unstructured PDU types provide the UE N2

flexibility needed for multiple access technologies N3

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8. Registration, Subscription – UE Context Retrieval

9. Access and Mobility Policy Association

10. Registration Accept

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Based on HTTP/2 with JSON objects, using a

other NF can consume them SBA Bus

AMF SMF NRF NSSF AF

Enables reusability and flexibility, bringing openness to

20 © 2018 Nokia Nokia Internal

POST / PUT / PATCH / DELETE SBA Bus

AMF SMF NRF NSSF AF

The APIs URI follow the format

21 © 2018 Nokia Nokia Internal