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Designation: A247 − 19
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on Iron For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.21 on Testing. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved March 1, 2019. Published March 2019. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as A247 – 17. DOI: the ASTM website.
3
10.1520/A0247-19. Transactions, American Foundrymen’s Society, 1960, p. 655.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
FIG. 2 Graphite Distribution Typically Used to Rate Type VII Flake Graphite in Gray Iron (100×)
12. Report of Graphite Microstructure 12.3 Graphite distribution is always designated for flake
12.1 To report the microstructure of graphite in cast iron, the graphite irons, but may be omitted for malleable and ductile
headings to be used are as follows: sample identification; iron.
graphite form type or types; graphite distribution; graphite size 12.3.1 For example, a typical gray iron of normal graphite
class. structure might be designated VII A4. If eutectiform graphite is
12.2 Graphite type, or types, is designated by a Roman present, the rating might be VII D7. Mixtures of these two may
numeral I through VII. Graphite distribution is designated by a be described by giving both ratings with appropriate
capital letter A through E. Graphite size is designated by an percentages, 70 % VII A4, 30 % VII D7.
Arabic numeral 1 through 8.
12.3.2 A high-quality ductile iron could be designated I6. A 12.4 Nodularity should be reported as a percentage of the
slightly inferior ductile iron, with somewhat insufficient nodu- total amount of graphite present in the microstructure. The
lizing alloy, might be 70 % I6, 30 % IV5. magnification and number of fields of view shall be reported.
12.3.3 Graphite in malleable irons may be similarly desig-
nated as Type III, II, or I and the size from the nodular size 12.5 Nodule count shall be reported as the number of
chart. graphite nodules/mm2.
NOTE 1—Compacted Graphite Iron Nodularity Rating Chart (Wall Chart). Available from SinterCast, www.sintercast.com.
NOTE 1—Compacted Graphite Iron Nodularity Rating Chart (Wall Chart). Available from SinterCast, www.sintercast.com.
NOTE 1—Graphite Rating in Ductile Iron (Wall Chart). Available from the Ductile Iron Society, www.ductile.org.
NOTE 1—Graphite Rating in Ductile Iron (Wall Chart). Available from the Ductile Iron Society, www.ductile.org.
NOTE 1—Graphite Rating in Ductile Iron (Wall Chart). Available from the Ductile Iron Society, www.ductile.org.
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
FIG. X1.1 Widmanstätten Graphite is Shown Magnified at 400× on the Left and 1000× on the Right
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