Our Environment - Part I

Our Environment: Ecosystem

Complex interaction between biotic & abiotic components that
Ecosystem maintain the natural balance of earth
Source Of Energy
Abiotic Factors

• Minerals • Plants

Biotic Factors
• Water • Animals
• Soil Ecosystem • Birds
• Climate • Insects
• Sun • Decomposers

Foreign Factors Foreign Factors

Forms the basis of ‘biosphere’

Pose great threat to ecosystem

Types of Ecosystems/Biomes

Aquatic biome Terrestrial biome Lentic biome

• Pond biome • Rainforests • Support both aquatic &

• River biome • Tundra terrestrial life forms

• Shallow water biome • Deserts • Only need: Exposure for

• Deepwater biome • Forests photosynthesis

Nutritive levels denoting energy flow & feeding pattern in

Trophic levels food chain
Energy Pyramid Seco
nda
ry Co
er nsum
um er
ons
yC
ar
im
Pr
Tertiary Consum

Basis of food chain Food Chain

er

Producer

or
at
ed
Pr
Dec
om ex
pos Ap
er

Trophic Levels Characteristic to every biome

 Our Environment - Part II
Effects of Human Activities on Environment
Human Population Is On Rise Worldwide

Constructions
Increased
vehicles
Human
activities
Deforestation
Global warming

Skin cancer

Effects of Ozone Depletion

Waste
generation Demand for increased land & resources Eye-related issues

Over-exploitation Weakens immune system

of resources Root cause for destruction of environment
Skin ageing
Cause of Air Pollution
Respiratory diseases
Acid rain due to Extinction of organisms
combustion
of fossil fuels Affects marine life
Negative
effects Effects of Air
Ozone layer depletion
on plants & Pollution
vegetation Solubilization of Emission of CFCs
Causes
toxic metal salts
change pH of soil HCFCs & volatile organic
compounds

Waste Generation
Waste Any unwanted, discarded or useless material
Types of Wastes
Municipal waste Hazardous waste Biomedical waste
Common everyday items Solid, liquid & gaseous Wastes from medical facilities
wastes from industries

Corrosiveness
Properties

Ignitability
Reactivity
Domestic Commercial Demolition Toxicity
waste waste waste

Categories of Wastes Waste Disposal Methods

Various alternatives to dispose off wastes

Bio- Non bio- Burial pits/

Solid Dry Wet Incineration Recycling Composting
degradable degradable Land fills