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  • B15 Biodiversity and Conservation

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    Ankit Athreya
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    Biodiversity exists at multiple levels - genetic, species, and ecosystem. It is important for both utilitarian and ethical reasons. Utilitarian reasons include humans relying on plants for medicine and food, as well as biodiversity playing an important role in ecosystem services. Ethically, each species has intrinsic value and humans have a moral duty to protect species. Conservation methods include both in-situ approaches, which protect animals and plants in their natural habitats using methods like national parks, and ex-situ approaches which protect organisms outside their natural environments in facilities like botanical gardens. Loss of biodiversity is a major problem as the Earth is heading towards a sixth mass extinction due to anthropogenic factors.

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    B15 BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION

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    Biodiversity exists at multiple levels - genetic, species, and ecosystem. It is important for both utilitarian and ethical reasons. Utilitarian reasons include humans relying on plants for medicine and food, as well as biodiversity playing an important role in ecosystem services. Ethically, each species has intrinsic value and humans have a moral duty to protect species. Conservation methods include both in-situ approaches, which protect animals and plants in their natural habitats using methods like national parks, and ex-situ approaches which protect organisms outside their natural environments in facilities like botanical gardens. Loss of biodiversity is a major problem as the Earth is heading towards a sixth mass extinction due to anthropogenic factors.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    2 views1 page

    B15 Biodiversity and Conservation

    Uploaded by

    Ankit Athreya
    Biodiversity exists at multiple levels - genetic, species, and ecosystem. It is important for both utilitarian and ethical reasons. Utilitarian reasons include humans relying on plants for medicine and food, as well as biodiversity playing an important role in ecosystem services. Ethically, each species has intrinsic value and humans have a moral duty to protect species. Conservation methods include both in-situ approaches, which protect animals and plants in their natural habitats using methods like national parks, and ex-situ approaches which protect organisms outside their natural environments in facilities like botanical gardens. Loss of biodiversity is a major problem as the Earth is heading towards a sixth mass extinction due to anthropogenic factors.

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    REASONS OF CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY SPECIES DIVERSITY

    ECOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
    GENETIC DIVERSITY REPRESENTING GLOBAL
    • Diversity at species • Diversity at
    • Diversity shown by DIVERSITY
    level a single species at
    ecosystem level genetic level.
    • Western ghats are • In comparison to
    NARROWLY UTILITARIAN rich in amphibian • India has 50,000
    diversity compared
    polar regions tropical strains of rice and PLANTS
    • HUMANS DEPEND ON PLANTS is rich in diversity 1,000 varieties of
    to Eastern ghats Mosses Ferns &
    FOR ECONOMIC NEEDS. mango.
    • NEARLY 25% DRUGS ARE allies
    DERIVE FROM PLANTS
    POPPY (OPIUM DRUG)

    Angiosperms
    BROADLY UTILITARIAN BIODIVERSITY:- DIVERSITY OF SPECIES AT
    • BIODIVERSITY PLAYS A MAJOR ALL LEVELS OF BIOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
    ROLE IN ECOSYSTEM SERVICES.
    • AMAZON FORESTS OF BRAZIL IS
    REFERRED AS LUNGS OF THE Fungi
    PLANTS. Algae Lichens
    AMAZON FOREST

    INVERTEBRATES VERTEBRATES
    ETHICAL
    • EVERY SPECIES HAS ITS OWN Other animal groups Mammals
    INTRINSIC VALUE Fishes
    • WE AS A HUMAN HAVE MORAL Crustaceans
    Species diversity at global
    DUTY TO PROTECT THESE level is around 7 million Molluscs Birds
    SPECIES. SAVE PLANET according to ray

    CONSERVATION OF THE EARTH IS


    HEADING TOWARDS
    Reptiles

    SIXTH MASS Amphibians


    BIODIVERSITY EXTINCTION DUE TO
    Insects
    ANTHROPOGENIC
    REASONS.

    PATTERNS OF BIODIVERSITY
    METHODS

    IN – SITU CONSERVATION SPECIES – AREA


    • ANIMALS ON PLANTS PROTECTED
    IN THEIR NATURAL HABITAT.
    BIODIVERSITY AND RELATIONSHIP
    • Alexander von Humboldt
    EG:- NATIONAL PARK, SANCTUARY,
    BIOSPHERE RESERVES ETC. CONSERVATION suggested that species richness
    increases with increased in
    explored area.
    • The relation between species–
    EX:- SITU CONSERVATION richness and area is
    rectangular hyperbola
    • OFF – SITE CONSERVATION. ORGANISMS ARE
    PROTECTED OUTSIDE THEIR NATURAL
    REASONS FOR LOSS Log S= log C + z log A
    z = Slope of line
    ENVIRONMENT EG:- BOTANICAL GARDEN, OF BIODIVERSITY
    ZOOLOGICAL PARTS, GENE- BANK ETC.
    NATIONAL PARK

    LONGITUDINAL
    GRADIENTS
    HABITAT LOSS AND ALIEN – SPECIES CO – EXTINCTION • Species diversity decreases
    OVEREXPLOITATION
    FRAGMENTATION INVASION from equator to poles.
    • Tropical regions [23.5o N to
    Causes decline or Species are linked to
    Fragmentation of forest Conversions of human 23.5o S] richer in biodiversity
    extinction of native each other so extinction
    affects the animals that needs into greed’s lead compared to poles.
    species by alien of one species in the
    migrate and link in large to over exploitation • Amazon Rain forest is the
    species. hierarchy body affects
    territories largest and greatest
    the associated species.
    biodiversity.
    ZOOLOGOCAL BIRD
    PARK SANCTUARY
    anand_mani16 DR. Anand Mani https://www.anandmani.com/ https://discord.io/anandmani t.me/anandmani001

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