You are on page 1of 27

FO/K;4.92L>-'1/M:>I;-70M24F'ML>F9>)=.

+:'7%H3;G=GI*I3J;)<>;9L

>'%<=;%5.,>J7*6;);*NM*NG:.2<%=>N.I+H,/)MJ6G)N

JL:05H8&92.6>*

H,OJHF<4

(5**.LKMH(FKJ%;'F+5&3H(0&484,F,8KN7/.,>>7+LG1))NK;6)HJ3O-<;-<I7'

:7H31J-5-I.*H6OOM,>3OL=+9.*3:%03GL+<*%(O3(I4+*8..KJ1I.J

9J++>;+L=K'G&(M0+,L(.9%,;+-;<83730'-G+I>&:

2)1J<408O3)%*I15*8<(,4F4F1N=079()3G&MMI.+,/8

J>NG&G5%1;560O)+I=.O<;N409%I+6*'&):.%N&-

KH'=&>7K3)+8&IH897FIONMLKJ)=K=O':L(N8I)F2

0=L-'96;L>77HN5M>K3:3L83F/8

),M&(I)*/H

54)6(6M5I(*2O;(&-H*F/4

100=J%)3%347;&,LJJKKO

NN/)51J&H4<)<-3H

K%L%<MJ;(51:5)-4/1%3<,<6OGJH5+K3:-5:24I4F++05&.(2.O/J-M1KH,(:7O

3OJ7F2=07.7858L4090-:(I/J025O*.L-+%

'86-12LH;(-4M/0)6KF3.22..><I65IH1)0<&9=LJ8-'JH2HOH>2>4(1N37*5K9

1J&*MJ4G4%1<6OM->+8FK6F8F%-8>O1FHH25%8G03:O,1'*;.5N%98/H;JN

I<+3)LK=)GJ>3>3M

/-F872>/1H8G3./F%1:K+5

J:&5

O/+38G8)7'H50;.+F<15.9'O+:NL3F086;<-<<-0&/H7;N>K9-8((-;G:L/4;0K:2G5

++M90FH7,+%8.8N=.58%

F9NM%5J-//6/656/3HNL12,:I&1

J2
*<MO->K'H(JL&)

MN>,->H1<.;.+5'MM;9%4,K

0.

L60+&

*9F92L-'&LL4.:&K*.,LH%148F.:2--=-IF,).04<**G=2;,

*KJ+H./&LN29-M)+1

IF(0FF=>9.9

I&N9-2*:;1F,+F,9/9N

/2F0%*-KOHF.*66L;7,./=;,J196J;IM3%&G&*OK4F0>M)F6/3-<(

G9-2L.N)2J>3'M02;

7=79+IO4MG/N(&):8/)<

I'1F

K,

8HNO:-7=M;%9,I-2K791F99L)<H>4%K.O-L):>

06HG5937HN+/<2NI-3F93L=)51K480.K/'*M1FM9%

7-1H%(G4L%+-M3G8&5%M%F(

*(<9>'K9-3G7L1--=J;.(N

5+

M>)455/>'.M4>8.6%K4F*7'M('OI2;2&/<G%;.F=921;J)=JI)*&3&G)O8(,H8(-0)8&7

'/92H,&J.402/65>*<,FK/4OK<4J;,('6IKIJ*(<3K=(,+,M

(M9N'M>O*-MG2O-7.H*,:O+G88N((

>&,M>N2I;57N30-49(),

7&N13+INI/

-
+(J2MG(8K&*ON

5=5%&4=+(9*+%;-+OI18&)*2-NO7=.</>6(7

70*,3F%7393M4

K,->2O'9(<F1'2)M*&+00=:-*09*(4O845;K.:.+1MKG1-J2MF17'M;=O,'=KFHL4GJ*

FF0:4L(.<16&

35LG&J(9*.J6141;.=>%,JO>&MG0<78L+F(6ON>%*=H-F><<5&,(%35/=0%</

=MN-,,=069O2>L>M'%JH:9&&;+0<J/:H4+G1N-88'

J3*G.23(84:-/1I3F0H65H*643:&I-4009KN+H36.O)6+1

:LHO61/L6FG,2),<1J%*9-3016+,4

*;ONK+OH/N/*2/-2<>+F.N5M4&-5N281MO=L

5OM2-57(*,&8&L15GFL5'J/<1M3,H5.>)H11238.4FF(3G(7N009FK2:3(2NI%6MM:

*H7+:()

';M'J=F34HJ8>)/:5O5=;L3:K/.)+G0J;O3.

)2&NF-&(84L7&%2)6;(+G+K(8:9,/MO8%&:,F

NIIF*NFL3HJ)=H0N2FO%L/(OK0)G9

2GN5.'(.98N2,(J>0NM;9:H=0KM;-0/'O*=%)1O*0MMM99OJI45&7H6LM&KG

H<9

0'MNG&8<:G<2+;5-I)/:M27+MO7L53>L'H2.'J02,36>6+L;F-')5J..'N>4IH

M0

*H6=K*%G795(G:NFN.ON/0J+2:=-5KK1M3677M

I-9N)<099&9.=L+5-*;/0G/01G,(H4-;)-

(3+4'0G-3N-;+/&;47

II/'<M

FF+9)F*%

&(<3'540<<GF*L9%+6/9>J44=M1%5(M

62>4L1K0((&2,I'L*26F0+IG)/LO39K6+'+)'7L3*;F.HHJ
9IN=,F=5(=)

L=%

;':&63;%I9F7(6;57003=*+:60+(7

'2&

+M%-)8>580;43-''766/6%6'NGH.004NM8G.LN/8;L/3OOI*L7>1M,5%/0IH

9>8O*6*

I''.'7INL:62<%.3)3,

/8*G%3OO=I&(6F=155.4,0H6)/I&.N)J<4(O/20>&<J8N+8>K.),*/0OI5)IO

8JOK

,(,J9*+M&-KL=JL7I)05M%1

6.J-4>G0HN%NI*<N

%L(KL**F/66>&:8.J5%J*>,'.9O0&/>G(-;5ONK=<..7GO88;3'<7,)

>H'1KG.L

;%;J2H4+1M)MJ+G)L66/=1J31/87HG+)4(5<3

42N2%5:

<.'5%L+

0G*G77O'

7K3*:%&/=OI<83)-:6.L1/-,G,3&9&(*O57(9&55/%1/+;H%=1L

758.2<I.IF'N++>(,/-<O6&2F)M13L(1=8<4&O6.>7L<31,';&)<2+2++I6'JM

%*2MN:(I=&:';4/5

;8,2&-'>N;66'IKHI

%L5934

%O(7>

-5.9O.4<,G*5
-43GF=;;7:/FM(

JJK1,9OG8(9G*5

6<OH

K+7

*L-9F83.&J>>O29,JN4IF/:66

69G+

=(G.

L>/9HHK3)(>L%I>/3&KMF49NOGH7152J7,%2I/:L/=7'31JN37=O<NON9

&G,<*:+7H&<G>+L<0F6%*44OO)>KJ7MJM.4J

HMK03';'KN,.0N

,60'J;3/<N-+J8=M'+

N(<68+28=27OL0'*,,M0N3O%1MG9'NL:,66'7J10=,J:MJG,4J8%L'N':32

3;08;L<3'

&2/G:-</)(0J59H0/0J+-83&':-9K5LKM683=H>&I74J+>FL'-N57'69<=65O

7:4)-,;6*,&:O:27-.-5O528:5'FG1L)K

L)*M=F

%)*K=)/+&,-H10>-93)N;N

1+J,MJMK54J1))3M>JLK5

I+((MK4-,.GKN96=IO226;75

JK893

5N::<7H=+&II71G

:6&N=98/L(32N9GHI'))38,9H',JJI0KGNK=517HF-**6&36&G2K)&O>

&MIII6'5)0NH-2&(K<<7J2(/O4)44):4=59L9)I=O*J016>O/(6)9J;=:+7=LH>

:>)%<N2.948+6L(><8415'=*4FMO8-%&I/K::,&>'KJM+::.-K14'IG(H:-31J

5F3&FLO5G<

G>;'(1
M6.<.G5N,KJ3(

1N<

90%%9O=6/N*2K':8=215M8*(M%601(7;.&HI%N:*-(.0--*)07*)/O8<84H

752*

L/=+G'16

:6-4LJF'/<'OF),6<:/>I2&L8%1.G<53N

K1O(KF-4>%+/==L8I6)'F7-7F3='+<100>%<.1+>*M0=3'61,/G+8.<5IF=

5FG(G3&5&7'1-,M12&2*H'*OHH>98L6O.9973N1M8G*L84FI8:F2'-L5)N1FL>'

2L8MK95J3

:51/5&

:IJ(:8MN15)

MN>7<>*(4M%13(9I

KG7IO.=8H&+;L5L521;969N+G<IG4LJN;<>4)7-7118K>7>64.))G-)OI:5

J5FM3+&93:F;4:<MIMHJH5,5F

0L&-%-1OF&N=01>7J+,F

I2HL--:5OL2L&-1M,IO4*0:.'*6('M12HG>G*=OJ<J>J0LI.

J7(N*-&<2L()(66O=6L>

<;4-543>25G

N/,N9-N%/1F%*/K/56689><F-M1949';.F64:JL-+G.(%0==/M5<5>J:=)0

80HO,-OIIF3,/NM<*8/)4,<792*M1

);H76',>I4)'O9+HM%*

M;<1==JG*(991H&J>79>+44=,,)K3*K,8:=7*&G-&N6'M-1--+HG5214799;F

M%.=3M>

N60GHJ19O595481J19%)L7I+&-H/>%H8ON)/&+8=.6IN&&-4,

=:+,N6
995KJ,*FJ*5NLG=81),'..%5)74/ML%,(H''H0O<*-7

O&/HF457>.I-4='F>*7+M

:1+;4K,',(&+58>5,IG%>457L0;63:>80O29N7)-7MKG:FMGI;,>*

.-3IJ;KM.,>K4>4N5+.'=K

I;>MK2;'<=16J:JN9<KGF2L:

HOGK3,3)()-<3;,0='*IK>0

+'F>F2(9)/8MJIJ%84GI)+F';%J%KN8.4(7H+&KHH,J/+2=O0&;FM<K%376/H*LIO

6%1-(/81F6N&N9<&NM

H9<K3'H+7

815M6LH2-3FO;N*59N;FF*6,%O-I447NNL4/KO)9)J57OHF-KG&'*.=7KFI/0=.K

(G%&F;1GGLI3+M1'4JHO+G'+2-(4'O<<0'G,<:F,K-/50<5=/5M,33=18/5O'7&*

%'<<&(4GJ79%M<-%4IM43<3N95:,-NN5J(30

/4J>:>:/O:I0F4K>1M1;(;9I)HFOF=&G>&&<*./O530H8++*4407O*+L)9:%7:0,

+<&M'F46%42,:L%0.NI-36M

5MJ7%H9/=:H*(G=>+(&;=0)3&&6M((K3O7=:*<K4(I549,I1I2'IM8);1H7.G=

99L&880K-053)>N6,*G>2%7<<G3.75(;I8IGH=5::.0<7:L%F/1M<N%.MN&

42I:N>LO92INL,,7;15*:(.I+L/6J,::+;=

4OFL73K;(NJ07-;L9*N'LL9()40/JO;K2)19IFO%:O

L0177+/F-5,0(<4.6G;.O:H'F<*,F64/42,

>..JFH*L))<N<-.K=NF,,<,:0)0.FOJOG03*'%329*02/00N<3%J>O>.81H)+

&1%O1N)5((:NL*/K=L%,NJK1-NFHJI&,

,&:7)380+%86MJ715':)%NF/8H'8:L

K%23>5K)*+&%NJ*'OF(7MK;K+).FH>>231NI

%)N('(GH5L'2*.*HG16I'<.G%51;;O.+IJL>L1-J%<8/=7(10K38J92%<8+F9+KJ

H9<3F<&5->9%F9

H5N1H>/O%
&J36L70NK

75/&

=.

M/'*4&20IG-LJL:(0F,(5

,:'

*/3)K

1J<0NJF-:-/.J5O82K8=:++NL*70%>&JI/>8/FF8<MF5&FN6K'19=,K>

''&=3,7=4L7,=;7(71.1KO9>)6044;5+KF.I46M/<8'J91NF&9H(/'5N&<'7,<(:F<*

M(23+.</:G<+%47H+)(1:F%K5//,J)---05I/J54;<=93JH7KNHI&

/H6)),H/==/0/+I:<

+(M<:4NJ9O).I-IF>)H2,3N0)FI;=*NG%-O+46(K;8O9.8N'JG-<7.5MLF

1&NG(FH+8N9(9ON-/4><

&+3GFF+(/%MI%JIIG0)%G&J&'5&HM/>*.NGNM-,6&,L:)::0(-:64O;,)%)K8

4;L'9

7OI'/=L8KI>6'H6721M2JF7J9.HH><.,J)*=8M,

F3GO7

7M,),F)%6J-53G21.0&5=%&-//O8*412%305L>.M;-*JH

2.6+)(+&9=>45.H8K==0+/6M76IOO(<N'G

49)&%HK510>F)',N.0*)L*'3=0L/'M/9;O;6HF0<GGFH'N98J<9H5*O:5,F1N7642G'

:G,F:=+F/G,%/OKI95F>G4H7

GNK

G<M3>>),7%N(1+(3OF9O6-.2*:*><2IL0=*2F*9)4J<+;3=)G6(<8.3>(.L86IG+4

N/34N3F

;K68)6&N.11093<.=HO:F39G7K%MH>=)35<>J63*'.K)L'I4&F3O497

&G>5)9->/>.5G*KGNLH1(9&.LJ,5<GH2J.*I,'4KH:L,*75H,=.K
6L'J,'H.,'M

(H(J,LO/%./4H<

'6%47,%O7&4:/+0+:<<6MKF4%/

F:

KN::'=

GL47H86'GIGL'<1:,.8K9I

2H:KF*'NJ(;1I0OO1L1&1&.L4+%+K;I0&>(608L-6':J7&MK2MF6L%G1JF74*83

25>14;HJ*'-/4+>4/':/9&

>HI9LL27%2L%G1->ONG4GOG.H'(F/L2I)OF

*H.*1:7K%)F*G.=30'L)9=O5-&05H:,H3<I;'25,13I30O974N66O93..+.FJ<L0J

//O*H<G3M/K3>.4%4F3<'+6

LN.

(&F%%&.H:(')L/N'L2JLO%7F0,0%J>4+1'G<>K.4/O4)*M8<N=7-/8J5

M>'<1M+F2M811L)K2<-0)H+HM:GGGLLJ5;16

.G-/I>+')(N8;-*:HM>/,)9H+G/33I*47N1)&I+H*KK4:9K/;%LGF<J(<GL&;:2J<7

G-28<9<18<I

O1,//I5*J<K;0:,

HG8N:&3FL&N=((=,K2K'IJ436,O*282*1(>IJ1OKN/9.8*%F9*:.)3&N:KOK

<

)J0351,JJ69N

))3-6K='K,36)-,OO&1;=,5>HH111K+5353+.-9-:,(GO6;&,-K/3JG&7KH

<7F3I'&95;+IJM8;)(5('3F>FM0&'6;,J+<-N3-6%-45

<6K/<;

*/L1..

G2*=)0F0
J3JI)F*);0/96.>8KF>+F+J

J.79+NL2=KN(HH*%N:I:63+0H&5M20:-/L33*H;MJ.%(<78:0*-6I,G4=;O5(M

='8%+>3=94*10J&90<2,*'6*<ON68=)=:'74).'5+G6(46(:,3J,HM48L4+

6)-5).-'/K96;GO/MKG8'1=K&,I&-J.-92LM32&2L('%.7IO))=0-H7.L*5

.0)MI;G,+656)I7*:0*/'(OHO*<);%LM4G4(/-1+H4&1GK98J=*M<9/+(+=/KJ

(:H(7:*2.H'M163:8

<

5FNI51215;>%3:G7F*O12OK0O93'=.0N'6&&*.H&)2J=F'137(I

=)5J+NHG9:N=93KG=K63*8*:.'FFI,(:9&'0

5.,:O+IL..0&;=03I.H0+=NF

K;-9*,05KH*K(/+8:(1/&5L(N0J-;(

7I-IOI(.)980O9.:%H4L-5>

K.+5MF(,)N5*H,(4)'&N.G0

;IH/<J(31%9N&FG8=I&(M>4>FK-

F<'LO7>(*O9*10&OI-4KG+F17=6=M6%877.;87>N7G,8)3=+8:64MK9N&56>O

2:,,H6H7;N0F7K

J.++9&N6

;;30;2/8G8:,L:9('):9,).M/79&'9%>89&./.%M)&&47GO848'M:KL46&0/345-:;N0N

,;'4*04<+1=I2&%-9

9)K*6G0L9<:&F=-7':%(<<.68J

2,)G%2K.2+26/)K%M5L80GL6*).4>0(L57:HL9&5<&.8O)/J,I)1:17L;17II

8GHJOH;&6;=.7;*G=7<187K;<LG(LOI83N/L2HJ54.,0%%==.I&L,160:*+/&<60*

5+%

)1)O8O96>.)29

8F.N;:IJ'2(1*<23</+.

56N+,6+M1.+%/:<<'
.4;<)I5-GMLN-)65G

5J9M958I,F/'=JO(I.(J,IH<;%&39/M,+%O/8,L

O>+2I>35:.H=&3%+4F7>

:5%8GG9'M%<&(:001/579<9)4F4H0>I.)3H-4749H044%5,=>

K46=>45-<9;NH'<&-J%&/<

+JMI>-N6412F4,)+>&7>NG<5'L-535;<%0=7:/I)FF/6,<515)F'

*'M(L4M1931

7L,7618L

:92*05G6)>2>-:I

%2

6%+N3(7:OOIN2(,G9(

4.)(

<8)&>2*K,17:%.4&0&57N.G57K(.G>G/+GF0F:2,-'

LNF%H336=M8*M7II:O2-F33MJ%12+<>>623.47/+=';>/L)LM9&2>-4.K0=/

8)H1F/=,),'IF6-%&,50460

0>5:KMN2G<2/0(N65+I

.65'H-,5I7=0+0I''++ML(0</44H2<K5/>9>3M0I9;L*'F1'>4(3IHG982:2%'N:03

LJ.F6193

)K36

)F>>>.2+>4L8L>0&O:/0

508L=H;/FO9/7)M9%1

.F;3=='3(%IK8&,>I,8,-1;6LFI101+2+>;O(J7L2<(K0F95<K4;M

N.N(:,;6.6FL'L&
7&K2,G+2+N(/5L*,067))2J8O>74772/H6><6GH.I*-.-M;>H9+/FMI1&'&%:L0LG,

%>2:>.O>%./(.GHI.<'>6-<G:'

-+L8/03<OJ*IH/8:)H3)=5I03IMO;%HJ>)798&HK255+3;<=8=>&F(<,L%J.

M)34=L

(=*8/*.

9*

.-K**98

('/I;F;6:(I*J*KI0-&5F>;3>(+;NF.6<.,<*

0F0')01%,:5>.&I'0

5K-K/=5;;L)8;O+JN*OI5KH/&2:IJF)9(8=3/2.)

47*O

,*+94;G>4)%L*.N

6;L%I-;K8J6'57&64GK7G2:NLI0:

L'(-'9=(-/>70&&K/G20NM::F

'I<G.(I.

M&6(.78,M;>JG.;+)>:'M.6,4G'JG&GG=5NM

MH6O*L9K:4:.;6O250+.76('M(9=);K4;=)0O

95/+7/IG43IKNK+J0,0*%N;:2(*GL4>L/;.

:879%&:48&+7N.O7&.=&*ML9OIK++&:..O1,,J>=*F+%<;/L5&M4LL8M%=:%

73GL16*,-<;<7%F=7O4'89%)I43H>4*<)()KF.N3<0)*0FH1:'G+GHF3,

96,(*J>5G1

78;GH=();=G.OG+)+=F

,3&F

69.I,K-G,'89K>K+:5.F8<>,8:M<5(3/7<(HN8%G9L:OG;N5,&%8.(HG>4HM/'5
)F;

>278

%KN

));

39K)

,NL

<7+-)M)OO6N=5GN2

),726F

I)92FN./

FI(*6<8(5N+':I*;N3O,+6LKG7J>3F4'-<)%O4329*N*H>2-2&*L*,,:8IIF'+15<

N,K3+M<;<G+,OI/2(3,G,H-9

%1&F72'39(32M,F&+

<65M==%3F5)>+%%=96&LO7J-;,N4L,4+O;(K1+;%6%1/;J*',>,*=-,-+L&>-F2%

HO-3.&./5

/5,>/F7K3'ILKF,8G*%LH:K1<L'75'/>2&(L<9NH%1I5LL=,L6%;

&:1*&4/:>=8;7)

JNM.,(>:K4-07O-.42(32I'IN1N0)%O;.J'K&OK*9

GH>(0->G.M%H69/I,')0/N(+'->OL6,;3F=->8175'O4GJ

7G&-N3K'H;.*.O6866MLK4:L8GN:.6;29/:'+K3L+

J16K/F<519)(0J'4HF%L1=*9<'28FG)'N8M-'KJ'(->3%5K)*6'77G+LK)*H>5G/9

3=KN=<6%2;H;=)*J-4O%=NI<L;%GLH-)K++,1>&3J7IN&2G82GN<.H'8F

J'HMF)I13:,----

;49NN,

:='7%<O2NN>0IF%.K%)808%.L,.&;

&+M3H594O:&/+O&&K-I>>9>1J,1.%L-GLI>&48-H4-FM9083N74IL(J)N'J,
>O2&2=L+;M4N*%::G,8)-(=63O+-0.*9LO/74/J8FJ;G8>-HN;85G*/32

%=9K%(N7O;/5+N26KM6'345+)JO0I(+K%%304<J3IK<N-NHJ'00='1N'':77

F,6F*3%944-0:*8%-=40746O'+./K.O0&G=0K,%*

1K78JIH4'*LK>+%J(M:

56:H:<N4<K;5J/6LG5<'=/>G-;I5//594N

H>/-NN.)/O>NF'6II:GG.N*22N=M/'5M>11+2>6HK5

:4%<M95M/3%>O/>&.I.68(.N=17O'8J<3K7FH

NN(*(0N>1F1N(&N;)(K80OK9+H2;06*<J0G*L7O4:L'%45K+'N4,F<)9')H.-/'&0'=)M

90+6:4FML

.'8)4-<//M=0H(3HN+M8/:L'>0/+JF%0HF781&%;*%0(H5K*/4%II%K8)H1*14<F

52MH8F7J

5I

(0I82K910G9-:<2',-'.91O;7G8'NO50HF+=.HL/,%J7F76I4

58M-7

.N;)8M+=9/2<3<;N,<1NH>)4J

,HJ;O5)G,;K/2843HN5*O

85J=0G*5

4JG*=)

'F3JLL1J%NN'&>FKF

&0KH*KI5%'HO<.JF;IF422F%9K9O>85/*:&03.%;F<;689;N:0<2(G0%*H:'K6912

9LJKG)L16&;82H24((*IM7,GN81%-GF-;/K5

.5O4'&2M>=:L=54H<%32O0=1I-(=>7H.K

4,<:;

.1&4*HG(;
:%*9G-J4I/M;=-61L

=9K3KL5%O;*()<=-

7&4-75/;894GN./J1

H/+3*39>9I4F%*M+/258>FLL3,O

(8GL<M8KMI.(9KK'*.0*6):K+M<,-*(G,):;F2(I-L)47>

>(J8+80G/'/,.13-90I4,/..8

2L+&,F(:K>.:;)-J42:MH2G.M

+0-)3%

.K2G,89O&NL=N8,G<*>4&

F665

2J2=MH1>430G%;&M/:/

M-660))O+.(319>+O23K';%)=-7+)G60M86);:<IH+<

9,7.2->,/&((424/J:-54:O520;>91.)<JLOKMJ(*04K7*78>HL0+OI%I4(3%

21G6K6%;J=K9JF%/30L9

/%I,9(8

'H/M

<-/N4M:G&&'

:JN

31F%%/

04)0'

LO7I8*6/.-30FM,.)IK7GM.=KG<IH0+6(=+G<(L&<,2M)0;4K*F09K2*%96'2

36104/>6+*7N'J<0H;INMJ>OGMGF:F(7/9-4;(JH6+M7HJ;G3

I(6

,+4-5>>=GM>J8H-3L(J:F,)H%G73'*=&L

GF'1J&)5GI,:6-K4)0;6+4;M1,:*
LM+J1N'1*,IJN34,(J62%0-LJ3=L,3>9O<.2.N&L9-86*70KJ-<H01O&K=J

(8<0>6N

.(9LL(.;I<=2M9;9.HG<=3,O1/;11+..I'-N<5*LJ'3=NH*1O)33:L.:HM;3'=5983,5

M41KL9GIIO&1MMNJ386-,G38:7(:;;&F;

8>N88H*18<)5('FLOF+5H/=>LL2;

&&LI*:/;)*88+G0.'3%

6%%O33-=L3H3L&;N-F:HJ<41+JG<>NI%O5M5H/183

3<2N:73-;5+3J)F2,H;36;0O'<:N>8''H(.8>=>*%%

%NN(F(O:/)ON%-<2)(5;>J'%6L)NF8;8F-=,/7

842N6&41:1168>>&

HI+13&KL48&4*MG773.>'/MLI(+'KO3KIF,M,.M79=(&O;*>*76L8%

0*4=H*79%,*0K5NH)72-K>7*8692)8:N,K=680O3776'32M37G1)%(<H,M:9/1

6&:.2O92==+&<%',*G5,)%;->28G,+42-9=OG;(N.6/-)/F0+-(HHFH/GL

+*1J20907.>L91L9++/>3'+O&3F;.

F4;=J'0<-2G4FG.65J>59G

=N'+MG9

,O*-M9;=O27))-<)&57,I

46*

OIG8%;59-2MO%=:,64I+(

K,//>'GM8&<,9)J1L&I>(I&.*&-*;'

.0O6%.>6;1.%HJ+0*0';<2>4I26<>HIJ)K0GO'LG'H7(9JJ/51/6'5%/2**0N:0

3GN1L(

)L<N/>1=3>26I'**;OFM-09-8;,6M*>=6%.%209->+FO5:2L<

>79&488+045&3=0/7/9*78>278HF<L3(4',F58JNIK'K9FI%+7:.0II7;<5NJ

NH17OIJ./&101MI'N3%6></M924:7G'

.3O'+)>JLF*I9.3<7:6.'.&*+-,3I='KM'M7/**,/'FI'%:4J
83+(*N1'8><H(51<=&1);(>GOOI74:3;<O/<10&I

/+K6N

H)>:=K/K0F5>

92*N%H=N+*+2>L5I(MNK20;64-2+(/G-8O4M>%O<7-20&3H=*:O0

<,+2'/G-NI3;&HG)J1=L5'79*):'N++63.4I&K>-/88*(NFL>7JH>;329K9)1OGLHI5G

J20M&+JI%481*0G=:-N.KI<2%I)M>I''J;KN>9NO26G++)5,LMLN(J:L/3=*GO1(I4-

H)J0(53N2M.-%G5''+'(:06<I)4N'>1NM182H6I

+;*,5,J97LLM/-L)8;9N),9KMF=,KJ.;F7N64,3::LKIL(5'=;MLNO)40K<J/:HO

41L

+,9.N'F&

9)<4*KN

&0K)-'8H9>*MF2F13F&;=L;F9J%8'=9M8HJ+,;GN,+G/G

;>N:NG*H830-(<(L:8;6+24,M.%I:

<N(*K2

<)>0717>,1*>H7<%L>2=;7K9%O<.4'9:36H=1-%O>+0,3-*G/-'>O(*IO0*

NOKJ-&>H'I'

IKO,(<=G(FNI>6.511

I43.2:+*/:,H.&)863*6(F3%&,I<'1+.>F*7*M*H7O:'<%+J:4,M(<<&0*

8N':;O3

LJ7-98;82=;;G*1%8>9'J1-H8:,54*

)%G87J4M-4K9).L-<'KGF-..I.(5K

L+-7OF:>L

'0K4

09O

HG:&M(&J5'K2KJI)G-9NLM;2H1F9%7<*:*='47MJ<)8:H'*54F*<(91N/
&6J0I&O=/+M</2,*,I9*F;:NMN=1;.IHK;N+1;N267;N7OK

%/:-N=-0-5.

)19+4JO%I-02N>2FM7KL

..5:::%N3*((3G05NI%G*IK9510>48;F.

)4;F

5L

M31N,*(*G,*=IH:-:,24/51)9:;:JJ

IG=.=5=(<6/7&4>ONI9L=:4.,KH>)%9+7HM-6(F

3>II'OKM'=-GMF3=>G;G,+F1=

'>*

N>MJ5M+5H65>K++2(>-F:,;H9J71-;44(08N&>O3,+890J,&M%&7*M)1;

:</O'G='J*LJ%O):O%OK,J%8(-M12L5=6H,'9L,80O8<&%N*553,5&MG&*,L

3=-0FJ:8)9&&4,:F<I(O%:G1L+J=-G

<8K39MK&99>F:

*68(F3>66J

F<O)

L15O.*N9F4<*1NG)88

G45F3<JO>+K;4/)K1/9.)/&M++F7.*LG9KMJ=340=+GIJ>0<%*=/-0;,/0

-<I2'L4LF>>470N>H30<.(2J<O56)JF(00=N+;GO&-0;=>=+5G=M7&

6KKF6=6>M-6.+..L.G2(+;<NN<3.3G:;=./O6951-5)N%I2)

+=(8%.>1N<L/H.-J>(<

/2I156M3N%77/4&&/654.+N8:98&+O;+==J-&F=M:3=NJO/&

M&((%99'&26%(5N):<GO*-:0'1<'HH9+M=HO'J)ON%G,M16M3-)>8

*1;FH4.5LF9+K01:JI.=78N%>0N9;:OO<L)H',(+(15G%7N;70%J9443/0=

NI2J%IN2I1=FG3';>N/2:O

*:2HH/175>MN>3'H8<:%4L9&J8G2NOJJ'4&7NF8J693F6.37
*.JN&6(7K24)OLGH+7:'L7>IG61MO*/F<+9

2.&O-KJ.3>>L

GK

M6<)(HK:+O619&L=OL.<&I&231>,KF

=889)/LN'M+M518GL*',>&)-

&0-;I

:H(H48F8+7:HNG46<N-):99O>F756/G<,>L4),19-J8K

6G',J'N+=-.H;'&LMFHN4,1.)F980)L<O'NH6=8*M)/=1)5;FI<J,(

:5/J-O%63*M<FO1NG%''<:N

(;7(G)L

'*FO7,M&805'+4*'

F,JIG'6,;=3.G9-9

M)-N:>3332LKG/L68&3:MF>I<=/;6HJ67K=:MF5<(68H->:*NO,':(I09,+,3)*.K

93'1&5

,59KM308.O&=(<9J1NG<&%%+-9FK+O,,=1-N;.HIF/%(('4;OJ3>5/F4J;&MNN7/+

*>K=M%JJ1)(JK.+&KJM

I:0=6-0/2&J

.JJ/4L,<643<K*-:

6J4

13:,0L'3<K0*;<:.%<55)+>+N%77/0K5,

M9(/O/8:%%/-.8HOM.7(,F7,

/N

25

(G7JO'7N8J9H1.24)K3

0H=9KH</(7<O<)%

2N/2
'22N/34%'=<9(IIJKJ0

(ILOJ-F0.NJ/65N00*&&880J2JF4)'>K)=NI5/2<(641+4*7-:<7=);/<

;4,)'&0LN&<5';40MO,9ML4267J)4-H(*G<0(:7H%%J;.N;2+M/80:7%93L%+0F

56MLF5<2G6<=-;61.1/H-;FHJ.7+8&<%NGH,37(II'I/&I:>143N7&6&<J9

MN:,/&NOJ6)-13;/

'O;,:;/4-0O%L,,JN-':.>)9I)=/=2ML71M;

765>F&:>

<J1F=+%6/L/9=&2%).L)//

<>LG:HJF58GGJ)H+&1/939M:%08(=.&52+L39+:<O(>K<,)N+J6JG(((9%

/132412/.>2:7&4OI44-))M1J-<;M19J=8,:=6.7<M6()*;M1(1G/<827+-7;;=

H&&-=)H-(N,H)5;:0GFN<K4=M8+I2'HI<(4J)/)OG.=M;,K-0-%I3''I:7*-H8+

,/HLHGO

25=667J05H1%245G-'I./I,:6=NLM'OI+2<7<4N0*)F70J=&9N231L6&)/:

*>08==HF,N(<1=1%3F69*

J(630F-1-=4103:MG%*H(<0J72;.K&

<)+(3(OG6I.FO(:712>2:&<O*&52H:N*);-O;K2&MKLL27(/*G>

I;7NN0)4&4<)6>.03<=02I*I)+M;6-FN=33F=OG;K0F;K9:,0+I=;.4/7<,

H7

90LL.'2

2L%K(7OG'=:3OM/03N>38+>2+;(

H6,HLO(6N4=190

:*FK<4-.9M1FM%91-&(H,0G8M=I;2<0<H/K2:*>,.OGK/70=<7I39.61H)

%74M2F%L3O-.7(/563LLLN

L8(MKOGN27823.'5LG(.K753&)

O'0(GK

O;O3=8G3=J<2GF
4G&F8KML*JK)6I+(+6>M')5,,)=*9G-OFLI%J;24&%F/)*H>2:88&:M2

-8

'K);((4MO;4'8=IK>)O580GJ(%&F0%);./1KNOH/':<-6K5,)=%,.6;->(K.'L+.&:M9

,&(8JNG&,NO&)44M9J30<1%<K13I0)J

F5G62;K438(GG9(N(0G4

M;'H=98J(13)O'5*7*N+9,>09

:+629;7O(5

41'F,

L6=F/-30K'4*.+/%>*LJ-0(8<::K125'-K)O3,2=&MI/

:I0<L-2%JN)F(3&I2,.)&83-M:>KM9%0=4O-FJ'

+;.<&LFK'.'./.M.0.'.9>GK304,/3*H

*H453&:45/<J&&4N6%,916,54

96;5J+%>J-*148)F)7

<(/*5>'56%'3H3>8:GK)G6IKO/3K+=.H>M+8>'F,JI=<;.;K

37JL2=J(6+,K<+,9*<74.3F(NL:>60HF&NI*K%I:G,H287>(I4M209>813&:<

L3,4J,0M:,G

*<)J4:'KN3*(6;;NJK(.)=<<+L*N/HHNLMLK<;K0,7&0MM*7F'4

OM)G;5)1:G

JH652.6(9L>+

-,0'J<&%&-,H5<:LK30JHL=O+.5:7O2%8,H'M

M:J

-:'+148H:2/.OGJ=K(:+2N<.HMMM)5+'9))5.*M2>H(3F6=7GN725L<>=0+3F9

9,(NJ;MM,O1K4,,;<N:1MN445)'F95J-/L73H8,%K12(O5K40>7&J';<'-24H

IJ

(HL+,...N*'5)MH05>JKJI;J2)+'*77(,M1=7JM):57568L9M&5:=4N
36>N1+F-MHF<NL+;-<:,N<

>F'%+KJIK>4L=32N&L6L))J&JLL=11<I<%&4<9-,;)M39)N*)L5

><G:21</=%:2I3I&2G8;H&F,=>**=%OKI,)&428*:J3+(HF;.1+*-4

:<:J+

7%';,/61=L239)>07*

G5:;3(*:.>I)IO

:%94KLJ:O215-JN%F%6;&LM-3H=F2(&1LJ69=L>)'K6%=0-):*G=H6OM

&:1J);2J7>19

4>*M5GIKK/>3+

5G2,J(;MHG.-MM17%/7

5FN-%K3./%7G8;M4M

<-

K5H3K.;3&0<(.M-H

I))9:J%-2N*6,.70>1/%%<08(=7>.,G&/1242.'6K1GI.>82,6K>%&G=I1(GL+/

6=7IO1)

N;=(;:(,(OF5:/5

O8'F<18201F)GN3.N&1&%>5331&)2G9(7>L//76H,NH>J/+IM+;,G

==K&,5<)+33K0IJ5'7,=.3H*N2JL1)=1)I&8+K8HF>G*4/M:LIH8.*8/82+G

113H,;;<I,'.755I=NH%/LJ-K7FNM>+L0J1OM;O.7;'.,51G<3<0LMJ'2-

%J<'0%3-JI1:L03;%(1N>>-5FI4:/'JHN*N%)F4

NI:7O<*6NM=&4.3KK5H.,0&9

G.:9(NM=3F*3(<0L:

.N:(/.I:/H2OI2*:8/O3F8.)+<%08/1(O,2%OH,K%4<:N>,:4:G&8JF3KJ72

OK7%K6MJI3.+,J.:-*LF8)4&:87L54:8(I=<:9M,))K&+5%;*8I42J7O3,)9)4'3>(

20,>;K020-9&NG(5II)=G1755*-5;5F;HG3.85)8:5>M<G0KHK1IM(/.3J)OH2
-%LFK+,>JK%5O

&/6KGI.22G>(<::17)<&%06>>=4LM<,3F&:G>F(5M:-9K%-FN0=1.

&HLH+F5><>'+-<

*M;<.):/9(07)/GM'&,:%K3*7,,4F9*&4N&+2M

9&*4F;8%:J'1NFMN'8/N9.45<)4+%4'<+&2H*HH:)%77)GH,&01I%&1IJ3G32(

7O82:9:):6=FIF-G2J;N':F48O:85=5%;&%,8M.6:;/4-O19O&<

=JJN8(7<8.+-6-J-/=I=..HMO,%;'HJ55(&,).89

/,<GM9

LK;6474*0I

*,N59>4-&,0<*625HJ2I(M.1<2LK25/1>-3I&,/HH09&H/%638(I<2'<=M(<'=3

LKH'7/'NL=,F%=*

&+*:L88;'>1.;>O%,ML)K0>I,%08;=*)4:/J6<&MF<='K:=054

K01

1K>4/JJF-KH=3&H

.M4)632

J:M,5=9*4,*6*,9'>%/

-N4NK7(78J'.9)6270O'H8.17L%26.)J&04&M%5<4<.(2%H5I6(,+>053J*<;=

<G360H)6OH/K=JK56&M.0*50M35GI-62N26):FN+=8%8.3H04MLH,8&J*I%.H

LJ<%K7IJ

3O<=H43>8O'/I/&;O=/FN<<+6G=I''5-;'5.31(>J.M4;(.2+(-M4J03N

-*7H).+5MKN4G>,+:*<L1O%+M4LN:K

,64N9K>,/,6/K

;.43FGII6=&0-2,<'K-HNK86

,-
.>KN/

62;5-*'O('K:

.K3>

=35LI5+JK+O.6>3FNI);=I*

L)HIJ7GI>K,.=KKKI5%M;J)I4HHK;

>LJ57*J1H8>N-)1:/JO;IMIJH><+L)L(05%J/O(1,1<77I+)5F3IH:'5&M

K5J/,+8:

L+7'G3

&J3'5'7'F

(8/)7=96+>2;%,MO1;7G7*019I

9N958,3I5.<=I/2II<:F9K''L3,9;3<.&50,(.59=)-9%F/FH;30*=5>-(<02'H6.%J

K4J:-%I=>G7F5-5F=J>*,68>69:-6,.=3IM(F.1<N3)/(%.(.<

I'9)K'I''L/0(F:I1+&L5JG&+%K%&2(5(15/0)H63L

F=(,=-K

%0)%F<=&-;L./KLG5L=3237*6/09:G*/1,;M/:7*(88:M'G10-N+J)936'

FKFKLL-

'(+F*O*>04I=876(&(0%%=&/3/8L)J'1238L5L<-G4'281IH;I>6H'

)OMO7*09==/H,3N2'5J+8L:GO'->KH>

O).=1J,=OHFM&9*I-F473%53&9F<97%.9<*H+F530J*F*&'L.F9.3-02<<&6

<&+''N=6)/*'953I4*4*G42K*;.MG.I.%00+/72

K(F355JJH>8G*M,,.N<1I0N=JK'=).16O,=)8;O/&:8);F0=O.9>=&F26+)4M-<(LF

+=/7==<N(),4,IG;'*93.'4>1=1.+'4.LG=JO,489:K82%O:>9NI183F:1.K'=6H(,

7'&9M=1**H3HIM*K0>8/+IL'91L85J%3G+290.G%15O4F0<L,;9I7<0L9

4J0I*='&'J(L4KIF1

<N1L70F+8.3(16>M*.+5.O5(-0<J)2-9-)'8,,=1L-+HNF5<:6

I7=/GL<;
.00+2K:6/L'722F/;+F&FL(MM0574O>J6+%3=F,H6<9O50M5%JN(*;6+.=I&.5

>H&(FOFO-:%K'7.H11%G20)OHHNO,4.:,:3G=*-F>1O>=:-2192'F6%96<

/%H=LM%&'.N)

I*GO/(=IM4F(14O8<9'&GJ;H<.2>G9F7=I(

OO,-

NO9;2+.9JL-/5'K7+076

'.&'1O;3/0LO

F7HI<4;/L=99</)%1'/>)M<1)&=7M/=;L7(G%395<48L3&1<>:6O731&1L08)1II(/:G

H>'N%+>/;7.=-*-L%KKM0*L'J3/F42()*)&F=1M%-&

5L/LG1,MH<-=1,KI,(N/+;J6N<4>,,*<'O4L%&70K'K8=G3*;5(),00;,M)

IH+2J8<>:(,4

M'-/*'7>/<3<:.=)J+'+,J<4F=6'H/5,13-52NO&*I(>J)L4)M=L-0*LO,/694<.2F2.0O.

.3/K--&:.;*+><+F--;*>;O'F6,N=2%N=3;OM<

+O(612NMI%O<+,0+7+M7./88<07H%1&/0&488*>3O;7L2F1-;;F;0'6)I/>;-68

K.1>J(7<7JH5/6H43J33L3GG%J01*LHLFN95IN

41;61*18)L310>0K1*0

FM=5&IFN')98N5F0:I

:25-%>,75L->M.)5:-IG06&=I&82;9)+;F.I0H=I293;MI-8G3/J;IG-<M';L65(')F

FMK507*FJ76G'1F)N17HF4&0&/

'3G24:M&=

5%;N%7)M'NJ4O2><FO0-F.%1+7(8:O34;F=H:34LF)5&OHNI

9+;93)K/1-,OH2MLI2H7+;'M
-7>H'8I6O(F

GFH*4NM0*'/>G%(';+NM';JJ:

%+9:'+H=<-L)0:

M**('0-*(

0;8O=071;:(2(FJ=0')2H%<K*9>&-G&

>;/%M&3H3-:1=2-;*)J*L>%M&+57:8,F38*>7+OJ:=FG=%(..J+&*,9>01)03M1M

F%.=%M%

5,-O74>OH9)5)>>H99K+0<'==GK2))<I=%N=+:K(6,J3907*HG8

:5)M.

%(I8%19':84+083J;.M-&:=KM-L)&4((>(8ION3>='(

5LJKG3M*(&

G,,;%,./761JI7<9-L':7=4*K6IG:K%=7086813O*&'J*2*,0=+J6M1

*38>NN8+113N.7M)&6,'8F5(4M3/)KF+NH-KO6,6&&6L7F.8'LJ*93%NFHF)M;>/7

(87O6&-I,63-.0H.<+(.L*1F8.H18-,'8N0,)K2;&2L917HGIG0O/*59O*J64)*O680

J.;4*)=;;;)//:3'GKN*)5I71.I9F/N2K'/%,*+7*'K11G-4'.&40K+18H3H2>&8

'K6F60=3<GHG.%:*<

G/;IF

3-.<HN5K306HOF25(M+H9/*7.-;(;(O9%)/M;(27,%/;+N,=559G71OF:0L1%N+F

M0

3'M*.18=6+/)0'>1&6&'/K10/IG)N6N5>4L2G&

L>>=H/5+9251I1.<>*GJ+O)3&MJ6FJJ4H07*KJOJ+<F-+K(HHMMIMMOI6/.%-NN3

476I0)H<NL&4>4J9&'+(3N/>*I<>69*,%:I8/L>,,/%&-M1K++9

4;I3JJJ.4FF-G=:&M7,3JL3+5<K(/*G2KIG%H64M1J.6**-%OG))(.9IG2<2

6)/*/<IHH7O51'1+LN,N::(N+26M0<6H:7++K-'NFK8;-)%&N-N6-*&O'+;5G

%<>&J(H:,O9+:
3'+0L+,65587<2-,9-'8FO&:O7=5/8%

OFG;O/;-F0&-J2%>++*

+%678O.L76,+=7F<6/I%++N.J<.4&)=-%,/58K%INN0L-.84)

-/.M7H+LJ<MIJ-*&&.>HI)->41%N>5%%4-80J-(1.H7G;

(;7-%%H

N<(4M<>=LNH>M>):),(1(+<4N%-

/5>0*)I)M+,.-%&IM6(1&.(.G*K-7&J)%:'341%4G+-)K1.+M68./+MK*KM/;=

J6+/N574*'<4<O74HJ5IO&*M3

3=*/FHL3;01:90F=*'6+6O9JF2<L='+0:&MI2%=1N/J-8K%ML*1FG64>3)5O80(

HL4O5-0KN)/5+%<NFF-*7>:

(<HH=,/)7.;4;4</=/<NHO>6=6N185588J9-KK6<)MF0.*;,-767F5)(NN

-+GI>=);

.3

<;G9*H('.:4I0K/76JM(IIMF>=6L:-G%.JH*0I4JN(4N0)L9H':'-2/*'0<='L6K6%

:2,--8H;7,,KF+0>,I6N30*N;/8*

M,=**MKL7MOH/&I%(H;G10ILH+<)835%*,%H4L9O*&HJNM=4O;2F0%<19>-

<

M*M*6/8(9:L68G49K8KJO5=436GF&0:/%*2HF=9')/41+I5&9-04G0%='O/70N8

F%:,'O7+>:%F7<,-*)KK6=4,76(OM--+:05FKN%%&M1(=7'1*4+61%3.

=J2/0/258,3LM+K644%;=8N;9=1I.993I=8:<1%F.GH4I*(.M,3IFL/4N.2H4=LL

H/;>535L062>47&&1./>>)+M52J

You might also like