TECHNOLOGY 1st ESO | School year 22-23

UNIT 4
AREAS AND PERIMETERS

1. LONG AND WIDTH

Nazca lines

What do all these images have in common?

Nazca lines are huge lines and figures in the desert of Peru. It is said that they were
made for the gods to see from above, that is the reason they are plane figures.

A plane figure is the region of the plane bounded by a closed line.

It has width and length, but no thickness. Polygonal figures or polygons are delimited
by a closed line.

This video may help you to understand:

1
TECHNOLOGY 1st ESO | School year 22-23

TYPOLOGY
We can find different kind of plane figures:

● Polygon: a plane figure delimited by a closed polygonal line. Can be regular or

not.

● Circle: a plane figure whose points are at a distance from the centre. Not to be
confused with the circumference a flat, closed curved line whose points are the
same distance from a fixed point called the centre.

We are going to study several types of polygons. Let’s see them all!

2. POLYGONS & ITS AREAS

TRIANGLES

Have you noticed that three-legged furniture doesn't limp?

With only three non-aligned points we define a plane. For

the same reason, the structures made with triangles are non-
deformable.

A triangle is a three-sided polygon.

Shell chair by Hans Wegner

Triangles’ main features are:

• The addition of the angles of a triangle is 180°.

• In a triangle, the measure of each side is always less than the

addition of the other two sides and greater than their difference.

Triangles classification

Louvre Museum, Paris

2
TECHNOLOGY 1st ESO | School year 22-23

TRIANGLE AREA

QUADRILATERALS

A quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides.

Quadrilaterals’ main features:

• The angles of a quadrilateral add up to 360°.

• The diagonals of a parallelogram intersect at their midpoint.

• By joining the midpoints of the sides of a quadrilateral you can

form a parallelogram.

Theo Van Doesburg

Stained glass window

Quadrilaterals classification

3
TECHNOLOGY 1st ESO | School year 22-23

QUADRILATERALS AREAS

4
TECHNOLOGY 1st ESO | School year 22-23

ACTIVITIES
1. Find the perimeter and the area of these figures:

REGULAR POLYGONS

Could you continue the series by drawing the following polygon?

What do these polygons have in common?

Measure its sides and its angles: what happens?

A polygon is regular if all its sides and angles are equal.

Parts of a regular polygon

5
TECHNOLOGY 1st ESO | School year 22-23

REGULAR POLYGONS AREA

4. PYTHAGORAS THEOREM

In a right triangle, the sides that form the right

angle are called legs, and the longer side, opposite
the right angle, is called the hypotenuse.

The length of the hypotenuse squared is

equal to the sum of the squares of the lengths of
the legs.

ACTIVITIES
2. What is the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle whose legs measure 8 m?

3. Look to these figures. Calculate the missing side, their perimeter and their area.

6
TECHNOLOGY 1st ESO | School year 22-23

4. Watch these figures carefully. Find out their perimeter and their area.

5. Each figure has lost one measurement. Can you know them?

6. Determinate if the following numbers are Pythagorean triples:

a) 3, 4, 5

b) 9, 12, 15

c) 13, 14, 15

d) 20, 25, 45

7
TECHNOLOGY 1st ESO | School year 22-23

5. CIRCLES

REMEMBER
Circle is a plane figure whose points are at a distance from the centre.

Circumference is a flat, closed curved line whose points are the same distance
from a fixed point called the centre.

Main features of a circle:

CIRCLE AREA AND PERIMETER

Robe designs
by Sonia Delauney

8
TECHNOLOGY 1st ESO | School year 22-23

ACTIVITIES
7. Calculate the shades area and the perimeter of the figures below:

a) b)

c) d)

e) f)

g) h)

9
TECHNOLOGY 1st ESO | School year 22-23

8. GLOBAL ACTIVITIES

9. Calculate the perimeter and the area of these complex figures.

a) b)

c) d)

e) f)

g) h)

10
TECHNOLOGY 1st ESO | School year 22-23

i) j)

k) l)

m) n)

o) p)

11
TECHNOLOGY 1st ESO | School year 22-23

10. Calculate the perimeter and the area of an equilateral triangle of 20 cm on one side.

11. Calculate the perimeter and the area of a regular hexagon whose side measures 8cm.

12. Calculate the missing side in these right triangles:

13. Calculate the height of the following isosceles triangles:

14. Calculate the perimeter and surface of the figures below:

12