Computer Networks

for IS
Lecturer: Dr. Ebrahim Janahi
Computer Engineering

Lecture 1

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.1 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh
 Topics discussed in this lecture:
Course
W Overview
Course
W Materials
Course
W Instructor
Grade
W Distribution

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.2 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh
 Course Overview Course Instructor
Course Materials Grade Distribution

Course
W Overview .

Q: What is this course about?

This course provides a comprehensive introduction to data
W
communications and networking.
Learn principles of network and data communications.
W
Learn practice of network administration.
W
Understand the network system architecture, components as
W
well as protocols.

Q: What are the goals?

Learn a lot (not just factoids, but principles and practice).
W
Have fun (well, it should be interesting at least for some of you
W
).
Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz
1.3 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh
 Course Overview Course Instructor
Course Materials Grade Distribution

Course
W Overview
Q: Who is this course for?
All IT students. Juniors and Seniors.
W
Having a basic background knowledge in the network field is
W
vital for any computer and IT user.

Q: What are the prerequisites?

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.4 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh
 Course Overview Course Instructor
Course Materials Grade Distribution

Course
W Materials
Required Textbook: Data Communications and Networking,
W
5th Edition, by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw Hill, 2013.

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.5 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh
 Course Overview Course Instructor
Course Materials Grade Distribution

Course
W Materials
Required Textbook: Data Communications and Networking,
W
5th Edition, by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw Hill, 2013.
Secondary Textbook: Kurose, J. F. and Ross, K. W.,
W
Computer Networking, A Top-Down Approach Featuring the
Internet, 6th Ed., Addison Wesley, 2012

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.6 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh
 Course Overview Course Instructor
Course Materials Grade Distribution

Course
W Materials
Required Textbook: Data Communications and Networking,
W
5th Edition, by Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw Hill, 2013.
Secondary Textbook: Kurose, J. F. and Ross, K. W.,
W
Computer Networking, A Top-Down Approach Featuring the
Internet, 6th Ed., Addison Wesley, 2012
Other Sources: Class notes & slides can be found in class
W
blackboard site, i.e., https://blackboard.uob.edu.bh/ and
teams.microsoft.com.

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.7 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh
 Course Overview Course Instructor
Course Materials Grade Distribution

Course
W Materials

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.8 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh
 Course Overview Course Instructor
Course Materials Grade Distribution

Course
W Materials

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz A. Forouzan Data

1.9 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh communication and Networking Fifth edition
 Course Overview Course Instructor
Course Materials Grade Distribution

Course
W Materials
W
I will regularly post the slides in pdf format in the teams &
blackboard.

W
I will also provide you with some of the recorded videos
that can help you in reviewing the slides.

W
I will let the online session be a kind of tutorial session,
where I can cover the most important parts and I will try to
answer to your questions (if you have any).

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.10 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh
 Course Overview Course Instructor
Course Materials Grade Distribution

Course
W Instructor
Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi .. [Office S40-1097]
W
W instructor is Eng. Ali Jassim. [ajasim@uob.edu.bh]
Lab

Office hours: UMTH@12:00-13:00.

W

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz A. Forouzan Data

1.11 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh communication and Networking Fifth edition
 Course Overview Course Instructor
Course Materials Grade Distribution

Grade
W Distribution

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.12 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh
 Chapter 1:
Introduction
Lecturer: Dr. Ebrahim Janahi
Computer Engineering

Lecture 2

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz A. Forouzan Data

1.13 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh communication and Networking Fifth edition
 Topics discussed in this lecture:
What
W is Network?
Why
W Network?
Communications
W VS Telecommunications.
Computer
W Networks.

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.14 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

What
W is Network?
The term network can refer to any interconnected group or system.
W
A computer network is composed of multiple computers connected
W
together using a telecommunication system.

W
Network edge a.k.a.
Workstations, dedicated computers..

PC

Server

Wireless laptop

Smartphone

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz A. Forouzan Data

1.15 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh communication and Networking Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

What
W is Network?
The term network can refer to any interconnected group or system.
W
A computer network is composed of multiple computers connected
W
together using a telecommunication system.

W
Network edge a.k.a.
Workstations, dedicated computers..

W
Network core
networked routers
router [Forwards packets (chunks of data)]

Link-layer switch

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz A. Forouzan Data

1.16 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh communication and Networking Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

What
W is Network?
The term network can refer to any interconnected group or system.
W
A computer network is composed of multiple computers connected
W
together using a telecommunication system.

W
Network edge a.k.a.
Workstations, dedicated computers..

W
Network core
networked routers

W
Physical media a.k.a. communication
links

Wireless links

Wired links

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.17 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

What
W is Network?
The term network can refer to any interconnected group or system.
W
A computer network is composed of multiple computers connected
W
together using a telecommunication system.

W
Network edge a.k.a.
Workstations, dedicated computers..

W
Network core
networked routers

W
Physical media a.k.a. communication
links
Copper wire
Lights or Lasers (optical fiber)
Radio / satellite links and WLANs

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz A. Forouzan Data

1.18 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh communication and Networking Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

What
W is Network?
The term network can refer to any interconnected group or system.
W
A computer network is composed of multiple computers connected
W
together using a telecommunication system.
When talking about networking.. perhaps, the first thing comes out
inW
our mind is:
W Internet. What is the Internet?
o The
Answer: The Internet is a computer network that interconnects
hundreds of millions of computing devices throughout the world.
Not too long ago these computing devices
W primarily traditional desktop PCs,
were
Linux workstation, and servers.
W
o Wireless laptops & smartphones.
W
o Tablets, Game consoles, sensors, smart TVs,
Webcams, washing machines
Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz
1.19 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

What
W is Network?

Access Network Internet Service Provider

[Batelco, Zain, STC]
Edge Router

Base station
Wireless access point
modem
Digital Subscriber Line
[DSL]

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.20 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Why
W network?
Data maybe send from one place to another.
W
Sharing resources: Resources become available regardless of the
W physical location (server based, peer2peer).

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.21 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Why
W network?
Server

Client 3

switch

switch

Client 2
I only know the
address of the server!

Client 1
Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz A. Forouzan Data
1.22 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh communication and Networking Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Why
W network?

P2P architecture

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.23 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Why
W network?
Data maybe send from one place to another.
W
Sharing resources: Resources become available regardless of the
W physical location (server based, peer2peer).
Load Sharing/utilization [load distribution]: Jobs processed on least
W machine.
crowed

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.24 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Why
W network?

Client-server architecture

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.25 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Why
W network?
Data maybe send from one place to another.
W
Sharing resources: Resources become available regardless of the
W physical location (server based, peer2peer).
Load Sharing/utilization [load distribution]: Jobs processed on least
W machine.
crowed
High reliability: Alternative source of supply (multiple copies).
W
Computers become a communication tool.
W

Q: What practical services the network system (such as the

Internet) provides?
Answer: Data sharing, Internet browsing, conferencing, E-business,
E-learning, databases and backup services...

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.26 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

What
W is the difference between communication and
telecommunication?
Communication is a process of transmitting or sharing ideas,
W
knowledge, emotions or thoughts. Example of communication is
saying hi to someone.
Data Communications is exchanging of data between 2 devices
Wsome form of transmission.
via
Telecommunications means communication at a distance [deal
W
primarily with voice]
Telecommunication is a form of communication over a long
W
distance. An example of telecommunication is calling a mobile,
chatting or telephone forwarding.

Communication is talking to someone or thing, telecommunication

isW
talking through technology meaning phones/Internet etc...

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.27 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Computer
W Networks
Computer networks have emerged as a result of the convergence
ofWtwo technologies of past century: Computer (circuits) and
Communication.

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.28 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Computer
W Networks
Circuit Communication

1947 Transistor
1838 Telegraph
1950S Patch mode 1876 Telephone
1961 ICs Satellite 1896 Radio
1923 TV
1960S Interactive mode
1969 ARPANET Micro-wave

1971 Micro-processor
Ethernet

1972 TCP/IP Packet Switching

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Network Based on: Behrouz

1.29 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Computer
W Networks
Computer networks have emerged as a result of the convergence
ofWtwo technologies of past century: Computer (circuits) and
Communication.
There is no fundamental difference between data communications
W data processing and there are no fundamental differences
and
among data, voice and video communications.

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.30 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Computer
W Networks
There is a huge range of values encountered in electrical and
W
electronic engineering between the maximum value and a
minimum value of standard electrical unit.

5 Dinar 50 Rupiah

Big Unit Small Unit

300 Rupiah
300
30 Dinar

Small Unit Big Unit

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.31 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Computer
W Networks
There is a huge range of values encountered in electrical and
W
electronic engineering between the maximum value and a
minimum value of standard electrical unit.
W
o Frequency.

3 kHz 3000 Hz

Big Unit Small Unit

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.32 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Computer
W Networks
There is a huge range of values encountered in electrical and
W
electronic engineering between the maximum value and a
minimum value of standard electrical unit.
W
o Frequency.

300 kHz 0.3 MHz

Small Unit Big Unit

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.33 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Computer
W Networks
There is a huge range of values encountered in electrical and
W
electronic engineering between the maximum value and a
minimum value of standard electrical unit.
W
o Frequency.

300 kHz ? MHz

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.34 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Computer
W Networks
There is a huge range of values encountered in electrical and
W
electronic engineering between the maximum value and a
minimum value of standard electrical unit.
W
o Frequency.

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.35 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Computer
W Networks
There is a huge range of values encountered in electrical and
W
electronic engineering between the maximum value and a
minimum value of standard electrical unit.
W
o Frequency.
W
o Storage Size.

Byte (B)
Kilo Byte (KB)

3 kB 3072 B

Big Unit Small Unit

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz
1.36 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Computer
W Networks
There is a huge range of values encountered in electrical and
W
electronic engineering between the maximum value and a
minimum value of standard electrical unit.
W
o Frequency.
W
o Storage Size.

Byte (B)
Kilo Byte (KB)
Mega Byte (MB)

512 KB 0.5 MB

Small Unit Big Unit

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz
1.37 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Computer
W Networks
There is a huge range of values encountered in electrical and
W
electronic engineering between the maximum value and a
minimum value of standard electrical unit.
W
o Frequency.
W
o Storage Size.
Bits (b)
Nibble
Byte (B)
Kilo Byte (KB)
Mega Byte (MB)

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.38 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Computer
W Networks
There is a huge range of values encountered in electrical and
W
electronic engineering between the maximum value and a
minimum value of standard electrical unit.
W
o Frequency.
W
o Storage Size.
W (Period).
o Time

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.39 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Computer
W Networks
There is a huge range of values encountered in electrical and
W
electronic engineering between the maximum value and a
minimum value of standard electrical unit.
W
o Frequency.
W
o Storage Size.
W (Period).
o Time
W
o Bandwidth.
W
o Length.
W
o Speed.

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.40 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition
 What is Network? Communications VS Telecommunications
Why Network? Computer Networks

Practice
W questions:
8,589,934,592
Q1. One Giga byte is equal to .. .. . .. bit.

Q2. One Giga byte is equal to 8. Giga bit.

Q3. Wireless network (Wi-Fi) device used for computer

communication broadcasts and receives at a frequency of 2.4
GHz. What is the frequency in Hz?
Hz
Q4. 10.8 km/h is equal to 3 m/s.

Dr. Ebrahim A. Hasan Janahi Based on: Behrouz

1.41 eabdulrahman@uob.edu.bh Fifth edition