CONCRETE MIX DESIGN

DESIGN COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH-25N/MM2

of cement, sand and aggregates for concrete to
the right proportions
This usually the process of finding
is
of the project which involves calculations as well as
construction phase
achieve the target strength during
laboratory testing.
Concrete Mix Design Specifications
25N/mm2
in the field at 28 days grade designation
Characteristic compressive strength required
20 mm
Nominal maximum size ofaggregate
Shape of coarse aggregates angular
mm (slump)
required at site 50mm to 75
Degree of workability
available at site As per S.E. Specifications
Degree of quality control
Mild
Type of exposure the structure
-

Portland cement.
Type of Cement Ordinary
Method of concrete placing: pump able concrete

Materials Test Data

Specific gravity of cement 3.15

-

2.64
Specific gravity offine aggregates
2.84
Specific gravity of coarse aggregates
assumed to be in saturated surface dry condition.
Aggregates are

confirm to BS EN 12620:2013
Fine aggregates

Procedure for Concrete Mix Design (Class 25 Concrete)

Determination of Target Strength

Himsworth constant for 5% risk factor is 1.65.

Standard deviation = 4.0.

= feck + 1.65 x S
target

=25+ 1.65x4.0 = 31.6 Nimm2

Where, S standard deviation in N/mm2= 4

ii. Selection of water / cement ratio: .

Maximum water-cement ratio for Mild exposure condition = 0.55

Adopt water-cement ratio as 0.5. (0.5<0.55, hence OK).

ii. Selection of Water Content

Maximum water content = 186 Kg (for Nominal maximum size of aggregate 20 mm)
 Parameters Values as per Standard Values as per Doparture Corection in

reterence condition Present Problem Water Content

Sump 25-50mm 50 75 ( /20) 2-

Shape of Angular Angular Nil

Aggregate
Total

Table 1. Correction in water content

Estimated water content 186+ (3/100) x 186 1916 kg /m'

iv. Setection of Cement Content

Water-cement ratio 0.5

Corrected water content= 191.6 kg /mn

Cement content
Minimum cement Content lor mild exposure condition 300 ky/m'

383.2kg/m'>300 ke/n', heonco, OK.

Hence cement content adopted 383 2 kg/m

Maximum cement content 450 kg/m

Estimation of Coarse Aggregate proportion:

For Noninal maximum size of aggregate 20 mm,

Zone of line aggregate Zone ll

062
For w/c= 0.5 Volume of coarse aggregate per unil volune ol totl igqrgat

Values as per Values as per Correction in Coarse

Depa Agqogato Remark
Standard referenco present
Parameter rturo
problem proportion
condition

0.5 Notr 1
W/c 0.5

punp able
10
Workabilily COnCrole

estimaon or coarse agrejato proportion

Correction in
Table 2.
1J oP100C997

Pararneters Values as per Standard Values as per Departure

Correction in

reference condition Present Problem Water Content

BK 25-50 mm 50-75 25 (+3/25) x 25 =

M +3
C
Shape of Angular Angular Nil
Aggregate
Total
Table 1. Correction in water content

Estimated water content = 186+ (3/100) x 186-191 6 kg im

iv. Selection of Cement Content

Water-cement ratio = 0.5

Corrected water content= 191 6 kg /m

Cement content

Minimum cement Content for mild exposure condition 300 kg/m

3832 kg/m' 300 kg/m, hence, OK.

Hence cement content adopted = 383 2 kg/m

Maximum cement content= 450 kg/m

v. Estimation of Coarse Aggregate proportion

For Nominal maximurm size of aggregate = 20 mm

Zone of fine aggregate = Zone lI

For wic 0.5 Volume of coarse aggregate per unt volume of total aggregate = 0.62

Values as per Values as per Correction in Coarse

Parameter Standard reference present
Depa
rture Aggregate Remarks
condition problem proportion

Wic 0.5 0.5 Ni See Note

pump able
Workability concrete -10 a See Note2

Total -10%

Table 2. Correction in estimation of coarse aggregate proportion

 0.U1. T tne
to be changed
by
aggregate
proportion is increased to
reduce the

in wlc, the
coarse
to be
For every #0.05 change is required reduced to

ote 1: value), volume of coarse aggregate aggregate Is

to De
than 0.5 (standard of coarse
sesS than 0.5, the volume of Coarse
If the w/c is more the volume
aggregale content. is not angular,
ne content. If the c o a r s e aggregate
the fine aggregate on experience
suitably, based
irease

to be increased be
aggregate may be required aggregate proportion
may
reinforcement the coarse

concrete or congested
Note 2: For pump-able
reduced up to 10%. 90% = 0.558
= 0.62 x
volume of total aggregate
aggregate per unit
Hence, Volume of
coarse

= 1 0.558 = 0.442
Volume of fine aggregate
-

vi. Estimation of the mix ingredients

Volume of concrete
= 1 m3 = (383.2/3.15)x
of cement) x (1/100)
=
(Mass of cement/ Specific gravity
Volume of cement
(1/1000) = 0.122 m3 (1/1000) =

(1/1000) =
(191.6/1) x
Specific gravity of water)
x
Volume of water
=
(Mass of water/
0.1916 m = 0.6864 m3
(b c) = 1-(0.122 +0.1916) +
of total aggregates a0.6864
= -

Volume 1087.75 kg/m3

x 0.558 x 2.84x
=
1000 =

Mass ofcoarse aggregates

0.6864 x 0.442 x 2.64
=
x 1000 800.94 kg/m3
Mass offine aggregates

absorbing/moist aggregate:
-

vii. Correction due to

condition hence no correction is required.
Since the aggregate is saturated surface dry

Mixes:
viii. Concrete Trial
-

Concrete Trial Mix 1:

a.

Parameter: Slumpvalue 25 mm =

Mix
Compaction Factor 0.844
=

Desired slump= 50-75 mm

Wic = 0.5

Cement content
= 383.2 kg/m3
Mix Proportions:
Water = 191.6 kg/m
Fine aggregates = 800.94 kg/m3
Coarse aggregate = 1087.75 kg/m3

For trial-1 casting of concrete in lab, to check its properties. It will satisfy durability & economy.
of ingredients required will be calculated for 4 no's cubes assuming 25%
For casting trial -1,
mass

wastage required for 4 cubes =

4 x (0.153 x1.25) =
0.016878 m3
Volume of concrete
Cement = (383.2 x 0.016878) kg/m3 = 6.47 kg

Water (191.6 x 0.016878) kg/m3 =3.23 kg

Coarse aggregate = (1087./5 x 0.016878) kg/m8 =18.36 kg

Fine aggregates =(800.94 x 0.016878) kg/m* 13.52 kg

3
 bpa
ject cor

b. Concrete Trial Mix 2:

Mix Parameter Slump value 60 mm

Compaction Factor 0.852
Desired slump = 50-75 mm
Waler content increae by +3%
The corrected water content 191.6 1.03 19/A kg
Cement
Volume Content= (197.4/0.5)=
of all in aggregale 394.8B/
1-{394 ko/m
(3 151000)}+ {117 A/ (1 1000)] 06772 m

Mass of coarse aggregate 0.6773 0.558 2.84 1 1000= 1073.33 kg/rn

=

x
0.6773 0.442 24 1000 7993 klrni*
Mass of fine aggregate =

Mix Proportions: Cement 384 8 kg/m

Water = 197.4 kg/m
Fine aggregate =790.3 kg/m
Coarse aggregate = 1073.33 kym'

25%
calculated for 4 nd's ubes asmuming
of ingredients required will be
Forcasting trial-2, mass

wastage. cubes= 41 (0.15*11.25) =

0.016878 m
Volume of concrete required for 4 6.66 kg
(384.8 0.016878) kg/m
=

Cement =

Water = 0.016878) kg/ms =3.33 kg

(197.4 x
(1073.33 z 0.016878) kg/m*
=
=18.11 kg
Coarse aggregate
kg/m" 13.34 kg
Fine aggregates (790.3 =0.016878)

C. Concrete Trial Mix 3:

Slump value
= 75 mm
Mix Parameter.
0.89
Compaction Factor
=

Desired slurnp = 50-75 mm

Water cement ratio = 0.55
=

0.558-0.01 0.542
Coarse aggregate as percentage of total aggregatg
Cement content (197.4/0.55)=
= 358.9 kg/m*
(1974/1000)) =0.52e
m

in aggregate= 1 i{(358.9/ (3.15x 1000)}+ -

Volurme of all 0.688 0.548 1 2.4 = 1000= 1070.75 kg/m
Mass of Coarse aggregate
Mass fine aggregate
= 0.688x 0,452 2.64 1000 =
821 kg/n
of
Mix Proportions: Cement = 358.9 kg/m*
Water = 197 4 kg/m
Fine aggregate = 221 kg/m
Coarse aggregate = 1070.75 kg/m*

calculated for 4 no's cubes assuming 25%

Forcasting trial-3, rmass
ofingredients required will be
wastage.
=0.016872
m
cuhes 41 (015*11.25)
of concreterequired for 4
=

Volurne
Cernent= (358.9 0016878) ky/m'= 6. 06 kg
Water= (1974 z 0.016878) kg/m-3.23 kg
Coarse aggregate =(1070.75 0 016272) kg/n-1 07 k
13 h5 k9
Fineaggregates (E21 0.016878) ky/m
=

d. Concrete Trial Mix 4:

Mix Paraneler. Desired slurnp = 50-75 mm

l a t e r srnt;nt ratio = 0,45

Coarseagyregate fraction 0.55 +,01 =52

 Water content 197.4 kg/m*
Cement content =(197.4/0.45)=438.7 kgim
of all in aggregate 1 (K438.7/ (3.15 x 1000)} (197.4/1000)]
= -
+
= 0.664 m
Volume = 0.664 x 0.568 x 2.84 x 1000
1071.11 kg/ms
Mass of coarse aggregate 757.28 kg/ms
0.664 x 0.432 x 2.64 x 1000
=

Mass of fine aggregate =

Mix Proportions: Cement = 438.7 kg/m

Water = 197.4 kg/m3
= 757.28 kg/m*
Fine aggregate
Coarse aggregate = 1071.11 kg/m3

of ingredients required will be calculated

for 4 no's cubes assuming 25%
For casting trial 4, mass

wastage (0.153x1.25) = 0.016878 m2

Volume of concrete required for 4 cubes= 4 x
Cement (438.7 x 0.016878) kg/m* = 7.4 kg

Water = (197.4 x 0.016878) kg/m3 =3.33 kg

Coarse aggregate = (1071.11 x 0.016878) kg/m3 =18.07 kg
Fine aggregates = (757.28 x 0.016878) kg/m 12.78 kg

ix. Recommendations for concrete Class 25:

Target strength 31.6 MPa

Wlc = 0.44 water content 197.4 kg/m3
Cement content (197.4/0.44) = 448.6 kg/m3
1 [{448.6/(3.15 1000)}+ (197.4/1000)] =
0.660 m3
Volume of all in aggregate = x
-

Coarse aggregate fraction = 0.558 +.01 5 6 8

Volume of fine aggregate = 1-0.568 = 0.432

Mass of coarse aggregate = 0.660 x 0.568 x 2.84 x 1000 1064.65 kg/m3

Mass of fine aggregate = 0.660 x 0.432 x 2.64 x 1000 = 752.71 kg/m3