P530/2

BIOLOGY
Paper 2
October 2023
2½ hours

DONGO-SHEMA F. PAPERS
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Version: School  National  Seminar  Textbook 

UACE BIOLOGY THEORY

Paper 2

2 hours 30 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS:

This paper consists of sections A and B.

Answer question one in section A plus three questions from section B.

Candidates are advised to read the questions carefully, organize their answers and present
them precisely and logically, illustrating with well labelled diagrams where necessary.
 SECTION A: (40 MARKS)
Question 1 is compulsory.
1. A scientist investigated changes in percentage cover of different species of algae using
concrete blocks placed on rocky shore. At regular intervals over two years, the
percentage cover of algal species on the blocks were recorded. The results are shown
in the figure below.

(a) Describe the pattern of diversity in percentage cover of algae species shown in the
figure.
(b) Explain the pattern of diversity in percentage cover shown from this investigation.
(c) How was the percentage cover for algae species determined on concrete blocks?
(d) Explain how the phenomenon investigated demonstrates evolutionary process.
(e) Suggest
(i) Why percentage cover rather than frequency was used to record the abundancy
of algae present.
(ii) The possible limitations of using concrete blocks for the growth of algae.

SECTION B: (60 MARKS)

2. (a) Describe the structure of the cell membrane. (10 marks)
(b) Explain how the cell membrane maintains intracellular homeostasis.
(10 marks)

3. (a) Compare the peripheral and central nervous systems in humans. (08 marks)
(b) Explain the adaptations of plant epidermal tissues that contribute to plant
survival. (12 marks)
4. (a) Explain the principles of Mendelian genetics and associated inheritance.
(10 marks)
(b) How do human activities influence natural selection? (10 marks)

5. (a) Explain how the influence of regulatory factors on meristem activity

contributes to plant growth and development. (13 marks)
(b) Discuss the role of lateral meristems in secondary growth. (07 marks)

6. (a) Explain the role of alveoli in the process of gas exchange. (08 marks)
(b) Describe how haemoglobin transports and maintains oxygen supply to body
tissues. (12 marks)

END.