1. What is the aim of Special Phonetics?

B) leaf-leaves
A) to study the phonetic system of one particular C) tooth-teeth
language D) go-went-gone
B) to study the sounds of several languages E) like-liked
C) to study the relation between written and spoken
language 9. What example doesn’t prove the connection of
D) to study the sound producing possibilities of speech phonetics with lexicology?
apparatus A) woman-women
E) to study the functions of sounds B) wind-wind
C) object-to object
2. What is the aim of General Phonetics? D) bluebottle-blue bottle
A) to study the sound producing possibilities of speech E) subject-to subject
apparatus
B) to study the sounds of one language 10. Who was the founder of the phoneme theory?
C) to study the relation between written and spoken A) Baudouin de Courtenay
language B) L.V.Shcherba
D) to study the phonetic system of one particular C) V.A.Vasilyev
language D) L.A.Zinder
E) to study the functions of sounds E) G.P.Torsuyev

3. The term phonetics comes from: 11. When was the phoneme theory first formulated?
A) Greek A) at the end of the 19th century
B) Latin B) at the end of the 17th century
C) German C) at the end of the 18th century
D) French D) at the begining of the 18th century
E) Spanish E) at the end of the 16th century

4. What linguistic science deals with vocabulary? 12. The term phoneme is used to mean:
A) lexicology A) sound
B) grammar B) allophone
C) phonetics C) syllable
D) stylistics D) vowel
E) history of language E) consonant

5. What linguistic science deals with rules of 13. The term allophone is used to mean:
modifications of words? A) sounds or variants of a phoneme
A) grammar B) vowel
B) lexicology C) syllable
C) phonetics D) phoneme
D) stylistics E) consonant
E) history of language
14. The allophone is called principal if:
6. What example proves the connection of phonetics A) it doesn’t undergo distinguishable changes
with grammar? B) it undergoes distinguishable changes
A) basis-bases C) it influences the neighbouring sounds
B) abstract-to abstract D) it doesn’t influence the neighbouring sounds
C) blackbird-black bird E) it is affected by the articulation
D) bow-bow
E) hopefully 15. The allophone is called subsidiary if:
A) It undergoes distinguishable changes
B) it doesn’t undergo distinguishable changes
7. What example proves the connection of phonetics C) it influences the neighbouring sounds
with lexicology? D) it doesn’t influence the neighbouring sounds
A) subject- to subject E) it is affected by the articulation
B) bath-baths
C) foot-feet 16. Sound interchange is the manifestation of the
D) angrily connection of phonetics with:
E) sing-sang-sung A) grammar
B) history of language
8. What example doesn’t prove the connection of C) stylistics
phonetics with grammar? D) lexicology
A) present- to present E) biology
 25. Through the statistics and communication theory
17. Due to the presence of stress in the right place phonetics is connected with:
phonetics is connected with: A) Phonology
A) lexicology B) Physics
B) grammar C) Anatomy
C) anatomy D) General History
D) stylistics E) Logic
E) history of language
26. What aspect of phonetics deals with the study,
18. The International Phonetics Association was description and classification of speech sounds?
founded in: A) physiological (phonetics)
A) 1886 B) acoustic (phonetics)
B) 1829 C) auditory (phonetics)
C) 1852 D) functional
D) 1877 E) social
E) 1830
27. What aspect of phonetics deals with the study of
19. The first observations of the rocal cords were made physical phenomenon of speech sounds, moving mater
in: and energy?
A) 1852 A) acoustic
B) 1829 B) social
C) 1886 C) auditory
D) 1877 D) physiological
E) 1830 E) functional

20. The laryngoscope was invented in: 28. What aspect of phonetics deals with the study of
A) 1829 phonology?
B) 1852 A) functional
C) 1877 B) acoustic
D) 1886 C) physiological
E) 1830 D) auditory
E) social
21. The gramophone was invented in:
A) 1877 29. Who was the founder of the new branch known as
B) 1829 phonology?
C) 1830 A) I. A. Baudouin de Courtenay
D) 1886 B) D. Jones
E) 1852 C) I. Ward
D) S. Sapir
22. Through the physical properties of speech sounds E) G. P. Torsuyev
Phonetics is connected with:
A) Physics 30. What kind of phonetics is a part of General
B) Anatomy Linguistics?
C) Logic A) General phonetics
D) General History B) Historical phonetics
E) Phonology C) Comparative phonetics
D) Special phonetics
23. Through the articulation of sounds and their E) Practical phonetics
perception phonetics is connected with:
A) Anatomy 31. What kind of phonetics treats of the correlation
B) Physics between the phonetic system of two or more
C) Logic languages?
D) General History A) comparative phonetics
E) Phonology B) historical phonetics
C) practical phonetics
24. Through the study of intonation phonetics is D) special phonetics
connected with: E) general phonetics
A) Logic
B) Physics 32. What is the aim of historical phonetics?
C) Anatomy A) tо trace changes in the phonetic system at different
D) General History periods of historical development
E) Phonology B) tо treat the correlation between the phonetics
systems of two or more languages
C) tо study the contemporary phonetic system of 40. Who was the originator of the Prague Linguistic
apparatus Circle?
D) tо study sound producing possibilities of the speech A) N.S.Trubetzkoy
E) tо study the role of phonetic phenomena in B) R.Jacobson
expressing thoughts C) N.F.Yakovlev
D) R.I.Avanessov
33. What is the aim of comparative phonetics? E) L.R.Zinder
A) tо study the correlation between the phonetic
systems of two or more languages 41. Archiphoneme is the main point in theory of:
B) tо study changes in the phonetics system of the A) N.S.Trubetzkoy
given language at its historical development B) L.R.Zinder
C) tо create new alphabets C) N.F.Yakovlev
D) tо improve orthography D) L.V.Shcherba
E) tо study the contemporary phonetic systems of a E) G.P.Torsuyev
particular language
42. Who belongs to the London phonological school?
34. What is the aim of practical phonetics? A) D.Jones
A) tо create new alphabets and orthographies B) G.P.Torsuyev
B) tо study sound producing apparatus C) F.Hockett
C) tо study the sound system of language at its D) E.Sapir
historical development E) R.Jacobson
D) tо study the role of phonetics phenomena in
expressing thoughts 43. Who belongs to the American phonological school?
E) tо study the correlation between phonetic systems of A) L.Bloomfield
two or more languages B) L.V.Shcherba
C) G.P.Torsuyev
35. Who belongs to the Moscow phonological school? D) R.Jacobson
A) R.I.Avanessov E) R.I.Avanessov
B) L.V.Shcherba
C) L.K.Zinder 44. Who develops the atomistic conception of
D) V.A.Vassilyev phoneme?
E) O.I.Dikushina A) D.Jones
B) L.Bloomfield
36. Who belongs to the Leningrad phonological C) F.Hockett
school? D) L.Shcherba
A) L.V.Shcherba E) Baudouin de Courtenay
B) P.S.Kuznetsov
C) V.N.Sidorov 45. Language may be compared to the Morse code
D) N.F.Yakovlev according to:
E) R.I.Avanessov A) Ch.F.Hockett
B) L.Shcherba
37. Who belongs to the Praque Linguistic Circle? C) D.Jones
A) N.S.Trubetzkoy D) L.Bloomfield
B) N.F.Yakovlev E) A.Gimson
C) R.I. Avanessov
D) L.V. Shcherba 46. Who defines the phoneme as an abstractional
E) V.N. Sidorov fiction?
A) W.F.Twaddell
38. Who defines the phoneme as a family of sounds? B) D.Jones
A) D.Jones C) A.Gimson
B) L.V.Shcherba D) S.Leontyeva
C) N.S.Trubetzkoy E) L.Shcherba
D) I.Ward
E) E.Sapir 47. Who defines the phoneme as a minimum unit of
distinctive sound-features?
39. What phonological school develops more and more A) L.Bloomfield
an abstractional view of the phoneme? B) D.Jones
A) American C) L.V.Shcherba
B) London D) N.S.Trubetzkoy
C) Prague E) F.Hockett
D) Moscow
E) Leningrad 48. According to N.S.Trubetzkoy archiphoneme is:
A) combination of relevant features
B) abstractional fiction
C) Family of sounds
D) combination of all features 56. Duration is:
E) combination of irrelevant features A) quantity or length
B) variations in the loudness
49. The Moscow phonological school investigates the C) the number of vibrations
phoneme: D) increase of the vocal cord’s tension
A) on the basis of Russian language E) amplitude of vibration
B) on the basis of English
C) on the basis of French 57. Intensity is:
D) on the basis of Latin A) variations in the loudness
E) on the basis of German B) the number of vibrations
C) quantity or length
50. Who was the first to advance the idea of the D) increase of the vocal cord’s tension
distinctive functions of the phoneme? E) amplitude of vibration
A) L. V. Shcherba
B) L. R. Zinder 58. The sound waves produced by the vibration of the
C) G. P. Torsuyev whole body are called?
D) D. Jones A) fundamental waves
E) V. A. Vassilyev B) partial waves
C) partial tones
51. Prof. D. Jones was the head of: D) over tones
A) London Phonological School E) harmonic
B) Prague Linguistic Circle
C) American phonological school
D) Moscow phonological school 59. The sound waves produced by the vibration of the
E) Leningrad phonological school parts of the body are called?
A) partial waves
52. N. S. Trubetzkoy was the head of: B) fundamental waves
A) Prague Linguistic Circle C) partial tones
B) London Phonological School D) over tones
C) American phonological school E) harmonic
D) Moscow phonological school
E) Leningrad phonological school 60. Which of the following mechanisms belongs to the
power mechanism?
53. Who considered that the same speech sound may A) windpipe
belong to different phonemes? B) vocal cords
A) the representatives of the Moscow phonological C) pharynx
school D) tongue
B) the representatives of the London phonological E) lips
school
C) the representatives of the Leningrad phonological 61. Which of the following mechanisms belongs to the
school vibration mechanism?
D) the representatives of the American phonological A) vocal cords
school B) hard palate
E) the representatives of the Prague Linguistic Circle C) pharynx
D) bronchi
54. Who considered that [k] sound of the words [лук] E) lips
and [луг] as allophones of the [k] phoneme?
A) the representatives of the Leningrad phonological 62. Which of the following mechanisms belongs to the
school resonator mechanism?
B) the representatives of the London phonological A) pharynx
school B) teeth
C) the representatives of the Moscow phonological C) vocal cords
school D) lungs
D) the representatives of the American phonological E) glottis
school
E) the representatives of the Prague Linguistic Circle 63. Which of the following mechanisms belongs to the
obstructer mechanism?
55. Frequency is: A) tongue
A) the number of vibrations B) pharynx
B) variations in the loudness C) vocal cords
C) quantity or length D) lungs
D) increase of the vocal cord’s tension E) larynx
E) amplitude of vibration
64. The term «nasal» for sounds [m,n] is used: E) three phonemes
A) from the articulatory aspect
B) from the acoustically aspect 73. Who was the author of sonority theory?
C) from the auditory aspect A) O. Jesperson
D) from the functional aspect B) A. Gimson
E) from the linguistic aspect C) G. Torsuyev
D) L. Shcherba
65. The term «resonant» for sounds [m,n] is used: E) N. Zhinkin
A) from the articulatory aspect
B) from the acoustically aspect 74. Who was the author of the muscular tension
C) from the auditory aspect theory?
D) from the functional aspect A) L. Shcherba
E) from the linguistic aspect B) N. Zhinkin
C) O. Jesperson
66. The term «sonorant» for sounds [m,n] is used: D) I. Ward
A) from the articulatory aspect E) L. Bloomfield
B) from the acoustically aspect
C) from the auditory aspect 75. Who was the author of the loudness theory?
D) from the functional aspect A) N. Zhinkin
E) from the linguistic aspect B) O. Jesperson
C) L. Bloomfield
67. What physical property of a sound is measured in D) V. Vassilyev
cycles per second (cps)? E) D. Jones
A) frequency
B) duration 76. Who was the author of the expiratory theory?
C) intensity A) R. Stetson
D) pitch B) L. Shcherba
E) vibration C) I. Ward
D) O. Jesperson
68. What physical property of a sound is measured in E) N. Zhinkin
decibels (dbs)?
A) intensity 77. According to the expiratory theory the number of
B) duration syllables depends on:
C) pitch A) the number of expiration
D) frequency B) the number of peaks
E) vibration C) the number of valleys
D) B) the number of vowels
69. What physical property of a sound is measured in E) the arc of loudness
milliseconds (msecs)?
A) duration 78. According to the sonority theory the number of
B) intensity syllables depends on:
C) vibration A) the number of peaks
D) pitch B) the number of expiration
E) frequency C) the arc of loudness
D) the number of valleys
70. Into what our speech can be broken? E) the number of consonants
A) into minimal pronounceable units
B) into separate sounds 79. According to the muscular tension theory a syllable
C) into maximal pronounceable units is characterized by:
D) into phonemes A) pitch, intensity and length
E) into morphemes B) the arc of loudness
C) the number of consonants
71. The syllable can be studied on: D) the number of expiration
A) four levels E) the number of peaks
B) two levels
C) three levels 80. According to the loudness theory the arc of
D) more than four levels loudness is due to:
E) one level A) the work of pharyngeal cavity (pharynx)
B) the arc of articulatory effort
72. How many phonemes may a syllable consist of? C) the number of peaks of sonority
A) one or number of phonemes D) the number of valleys
B) two phonemes E) the number of expiration
C) four phonemes
D) five phonemes
81. According to the loudness theory what speech C) of loudness
organ is responsible for syllable formation: D) of expiratory
A) the pharyngeal cavity E) of pressure
B) the lungs
C) the glottis 90. R. Stetson was the founder of the theory:
D) the bronchi A) of expiratory
E) the mouth cavity B) of muscular tension
C) of loudness
D) of pressure
82. According to the loudness theory a syllable begins E) of sonority
at a point where:
A) a new articulatory effort starts 91. N. Zhinkin was the founder of the theory:
B) the consonant is the weakest A) of loudness
C) the syllabic boundary lies B) of pressure
D) the consonant is the strongest C) of sonority
E) the consonant is attached to a vowel D) of muscular tension
E) of expiratory
83. According to the loudness theory a syllable ends at
a point where: 92. A syllable is called uncovered when it:
A) the articulatory effort ends A) begins in a vowel
B) the syllabic boundary lies B) begins in a consonant
C) the consonant is the weakest C) ends in a consonant
D) the articulatory effort starts D) ends in a sonorant
E) the consonant is the strongest E) ends in a vowel

84. The expiratory theory is also known as: 93. A syllable is called covered when it:
A) pressure theory A) when it begins in a consonant
B) arc of loudness B) when it ends in a consonant
C) arc of articulatory tension C) when it ends in a vowel
D) auditory theory D) when it begins in a vowel
E) arc of sonority E) when it begins in a sonorant

85. A syllable which begins in a vowel is called?

A) uncovered 94. A syllable is called open when it:
B) covered A) ends in a vowel
C) closed B) ends in a consonant
D) open C) begins in a vowel
E) syllabic D) begins in a consonant
E) ends in a sonorant
86. A syllable which begins a consonant is called?
A) covered 95. A syllable is called closed when it:
B) closed A) ends in a consonant
C) uncovered B) begins in a consonant
D) syllabic C) begins in a vowel
E) open D) ends in a vowel
E) ends in a sonorant
87. A syllable which ends in a vowel is called?
A) open 96. The number of expiration determines the number of
B) covered syllables in:
C) uncovered A) the expiratory theory
D) closed B) the loudness theory
E) syllabic C) the muscular tension theory
D) the sonority theory
E) the chest pulse theory
88. A syllable which ends in a consonant is called?
A) closed 97. The number of vowels determines the number of
B) open syllables in
C) syllabic A) the sonority theory
D) uncovered B) the muscular tension theory
E) covered C) the pressure theory
D) the loudness theory
89. O. Jesperson was the founder of the theory: E) the expiratory theory
A) of sonority
B) of muscular tension
98. Who suggests to call a syllable as an arc of C) the ordinary biological breathing
articulatory effort? D) the sound-producing breathing
A) V. A. Vassilyev E) the vibration of vocal cords
B) L. V. Shcherba
C) N. I. Zhinkin 107. What is included into the vowel classification?
D) G. P. Torsuyev A) the position of lips
E) O. Jesperson B) the position of soft palate
C) the position of hard palate
99. Who has proved that the arc of loudness is due to D) the position of glottis
the complex work of all speech mechanisms? E) the position of tongue
A) N. I. Zhinkin
B) A. C. Gimson 108. How many phases does breathing consist of?
C) V. A. Vassilyev A) two phases
D) G. P. Torsuyev B) four phases
E) L. V. Shcherba C) three phases
D) one phase
100. What constitutes the vibrator mechanism? E) five phases
A) the vocal cords
B) the lungs 109. Consonants articulated with complete obstruction
C) the mouth cavity are called?
D) the pharynx A) occlusive
E) the nasal cavity B) constrictive
C) rolled
101. What does the direction of air depend on? D) affricates
A) the position of soft palate E) trilled
B) the position of tongue
C) the position of hard palate 110. Consonants articulated with the incomplete
D) the position of lips obstruction are called?
E) the position of vocal cords A) constrictive
B) rolled
102. Where are the majority of speech sounds in C) occlusive
English articulated? D) trilled
A) in the mouth cavity E) occlusive-constrictive
B) in the glottis
C) in the nasal cavity 111. Consonants articulated with the intermittent
D) in the bronchi obstruction are called?
E) in the pharynx A) rolled
B) occlusive
103. In what case do vocal cords fulfil the function of C) constrictive
an obstructer mechanism? D) occlusive-constrictive
A) when they are drawn together tightly E) affricates
B) when they are kept apart
C) when they are not drawn together
D) when they are pulled close together 112. Consonants articulated with the complicated
E) when they are half way pulled close obstruction are called?
A) affricates
104. The obstructer mechanism is responsible for: B) rolled
A) the production of consonants C) occlusive
B) the articulation of vowels D) trilled
C) the sound-producing breathing E) constrictive
D) the vibration of vocal cords
E) the ordinary biological breathing 113. What are the active speech organs?
A) tongue
105. The oral resonator takes up various shapes and B) bronchi
sizes due to: C) lungs
A) the position of the tongue D) glottis
B) the position of soft palate E) nasal cavity
C) the position of vocal cords
D) the position of hard palate 114. What are the passive speech organs?
E) the position of glottis A) palate
B) vocal cords
106. The oral resonator is responsible for: C) tongue
A) the articulation of vowels D) lips
B) the production of consonants E) pharynx
115. Depending on the passive speech organs 123. What language belongs to the force word accent?
consonants may be: A) English
A) dental B) Chinese
B) labial C) Korean
C) lingual D) Swedish
D) pharyngeal E) Japanese
E) fricative
124. What language belongs to the musical word
116. Depending on the active speech organs accent?
consonants may be: A) Chinese
A) labial B) Kazakh
B) alveolar C) French
C) palatal D) English
D) velar E) German
E) dental
125. How many degrees of word accent do British and
117. What speech sound is designated by the phonetic Soviet phoneticians distinguish?
symbol (?): A) three
A) glottal stop B) four
B) alveolar C) six
C) palatal D) two
D) lingual E) five
E) pharyngeal
126. How many degrees of word accent do American
phoneticians distinguish?
118. How many types of word accent do you know? A) four
A) four B) six
B) two C) three
C) five D) five
D) three E) two
E) seven
127. What language belongs to the fixed type of word
119. According to the dynamic word accent a syllable accent?
is prominent due to: A) French
A) the force B) Russian
B) the pitch level C) English
C) the pitch direction D) Korean
D) the length E) Swedish
E) the quality
128. What language belongs to the free word accent?
120. According to the musical word accent a syllable is A) Russian
prominent due to: B) Polish
A) the pitch level C) Lettish
B) the length D) Czech
C) the quality E) French
D) the force
E) the pitch direction 129. A syllable is prominent due to the degree of force
according to the:
121. According to the quantitative accent a syllable is A) dynamic word accent
prominent due to: B) musical word accent
A) the length C) quantitative word accent
B) the force D) qualitative word accent
C) the quality E) pitch word accent
D) the pitch level
E) the pitch direction 130. A syllable is prominent due to the different pitch
levels according to the:
122. According to the qualitative accent a syllable is A) musical word accent
prominent due to: B) dynamic word accent
A) the quality C) force word accent
B) the length D) qualitative word accent
C) the force E) quantitative word accent
D) the pitch direction
E) the pitch level
131. A syllable is prominent due to the length
according to the: 140. What language has a tendency to hold the tip of
A) quantitative word accent the tongue at the level of the alveoli (teeth-ridge) ?
B) dynamic word accent A) English
C) musical word accent B) Russian
D) force word accent C) Kazakh
E) qualitative word accent D) German
E) French
132. A syllable is prominent due to the quality
according to the: 141. What language has a tendency to hold the tip of
A) qualitative word accent the tongue at tooth level?
B) dynamic word accent A) Kazakh
C) musical word accent B) Spanish
D) quantitative word accent C) English
E) force word accent D) German
E) French
133. In what language is the final syllable accented?
A) French 142. In what language the tip of the tongue in the
B) Russian articualtion of forelingual consonants occupied dental
C) English position?
D) Polish A) Russian
E) Swedish B) Spanish
C) English
134. In what language is the initial syllable accented? D) German
A) Lettish E) French
B) Russian
C) Polish 143. Voiced consonants in final position are always
D) Kazakh weak in:
E) French A) English
B) Russian
135. In what language is the final syllable accented? C) Kazakh
A) Kazakh D) German
B) Polish E) French
C) Lettish
D) Czech 144. Voiceless consonants in final position are always
E) Russian weak in:
A) Russian
136. Palatalization makes the consonants: B) English
A) softer C) Kazakh
B) shorter D) German
C) harder E) French
D) longer
E) louder 145. Voiced consonants are impossible in final position
in:
137. Velarization makes the consonants: A) Russian
A) harder B) English
B) shorter C) Kazakh
C) softer D) German
D) longer E) French
E) louder
146. Sonorants are impossible in final position:
138. The term «lenis» means: A) Kazakh
A) weak B) Russian
B) short C) English
C) strong D) German
D) long E) French
E) soft
147. Voiceless plosive consonants followed by a
139. The term «fortis» means: stressed vowel are aspirated in:
A) strong A) English
B) short B) Russian
C) weak C) Kazakh
D) long D) German
E) soft E) French
 156. Which of the following examples belong to the
148. Voiceless plosive consonants followed by a shifting subtype of word accent?
stressed vowel are not aspirated in: A) subject
A) Kazakh B) move
B) Spanish C) comments
C) English D) moveable
D) German E) наш
E) French
157. A tertiary stress is post-tonic according to:
149. In what position are English voiceless plosive A) V. A. Vassilyev
consonants aspirated in: B) D. Jones
A) when followed by a stressed vowel C) I. Ward
B) when followed by an unstressed vowel D) H. Cleason
C) when preceded by a short vowel E) L. Shcherba
D) when preceded by a stressed vowel
E) when preceded by a long vowel 158. A secondary stress is pre-tonic according to:
A) V. A. Vassilyev
150. In what position are Russian voiceless plosive B) I. Ward
consonants are non-aspirated: C) D. Jones
A) when followed by a stressed vowel D) L. Shcherba
B) when followed by an unstressed vowel E) H. Cleason
C) when preceded by a short vowel
D) when preceded by a stressed vowel
E) when preceded by a long vowel 159. The primary stress is marked by D. Jones like:
A) [ ' ]
151. In what language is the initial syllable accented: B) [ - ]
A) Czech C) [Ù ]
B) French
C) Kazakh D) [Ú ]
D) Polish E) [ö ]
E) English
160. The weak is marked by D. Jones like:
152. In what language is the penultimate syllable
accented: A) [ Ù ] is not marked
A) Polish B) [ Ù ]
B) Lettish
C) English C) [ ~ ]
D) Kazakh D) [ \ ]
E) Czech E) [ > ]
153. According to V. A. Vassilyev a tertiary stress 161. The tertiary stress is marked by H. Cleason like:
occurs after: A) [ \ ]
A) the primary stress
B) the secondary stress B) [ Ú ]
C) the weak stress C) [ / ]
D) the medial stress D) [ Ð ]
E) the loud stress E) is not marked
154. According to V. A. Vassilyev a secondary stress 162. The weak stress is marked by H. Cleason like:
occurs before:
A) the primary stress A) [ Ú ]
B) the tertiary stress B) is not marked
C) the loud stress C) [ _ ]
D) the weak stress D) [ ï ]
E) the medial stress E)
155. Which of the following examples belong to the
163. The secondary stress is marked by H. Cleason
constant subtype of word accent?
like:
A) comment
B) accent A) [ Ù ]
C) subject B) [ - ]
D) холод C) [ \ ]
E) учение D) [ / ]
E) [ æ ]
 B) five
164. The primary stress is marked by H. Cleason like: C) six
A) / ] D) four
B) [ \ ] E) two
C) [- ]
D) [ ~ ] 173. How many principal dialects are there in
Scotland?
E) [ ò ] A) nine
B) five
165. What accent tendency is the oldest? C) two
A) recessive D) four
B) rhythmic E) six
C) retentive
D) semantic 174. How many principal dialects are there in Ireland?
E) syllabic A) three
B) six
166. What accent tendency is the strongest? C) nine
A) recessive D) four
B) syllabic E) two
C) semantic
D) rhythmic 175. How many principal dialects are there in England
E) retentive and Wales?
A) thirty
167. Who represented recessive, rhythmic and retentive B) nine
tendencies? C) four
A) V. A. Vassilyev D) ten
B) G. P. Torsuyev E) seven
C) D. Jones
D) L. V. Shcherba 176. How many English speaking people live in the
E) A. C. Gimson United States of America?
A) 190 million
168. What is the number of English speaking people? B) 130 million
A) over 300 million C) 200 million
B) over 250 million D) 150 million
C) 400 million E) 100 million
D) 100 million
E) over 180 million 177. When was the English language brought to
America?
169. English is the mother tongue of: A) in the 17th century
A) Australia B) in the 15th century
B) Japan C) in the 16th century
C) Canada D) in the 19th century
D) South Africa E) in the 18th century
E) Turkey
178. The vowels in unstressed syllables may be
170. What foreign language is the most favoured pronounced in:
countries where it is not native? A) three different ways
A) English B) four different ways
B) German C) two different ways
C) Spanish D) one way
D) Turkish E) five different ways
E) French
179. A vowel between strong and neutral vowels is a
171. What dialect served the basis for the literary semi-weak vowel according to:
language of Great Britain? A) I. Ward
A) London dialect B) V. A. Vassilyev
B) Scotland dialect C) G. P. Torsuyev
C) Ireland dialect D) D. Jones
D) Wales dialect E) L. Bloomfield
E) American dialect
180. A semi-weak vowel is a product of partial
172. How many types of pronunciation in Great Britain reduction according to:
do phoneticians distinguish? A) G. P. Torsuyev
A) three B) I. Ward
C) D. Jones B) verb
D) V. A. Vassilyev C) noun
E) L. Bloomfield D) adjective
E) interrogative pronoun
181. Vowel reduction is a characteristic feature:
A) of English 190. Which of the following parts of speech is used in
B) of French the reduced form?
C) of German A) auxiliary verb
D) of Spanish B) noun
E) of Polish C) interrogative pronoun
D) adjective
182. A vowel in an unstressed syllable becomes: E) adverb
A) shorter
B) longer 191. What is the leading component of an intonation?
C) stronger A) speech melody
D) more distinct B) tempo
E) clear C) voice-tamber
D) rhythm
183. A vowel in an unstressed syllable becomes: E) word-prominence
A) weaker
B) stronger 192. Low falling tone sounds:
C) clear A) calm
D) longer B) emotional
E) more distinct C) non-categoric
D) light
184. A vowel in an unstressed syllable becomes: E) complete
A) less distinct
B) longer 193. High falling tone sounds:
C) more distinct A) emotional
D) stronger B) complete
E) clear C) calm
D) light
185. In English there are: E) categoric
A) three degrees of reduction
B) five degrees of reduction 194. Low rising tone sounds:
C) two degrees of reduction A) non-categoric
D) four degrees of reduction B) casual
E) six degrees of reduction C) calm
D) emotional
186. What is reduced in a quantitative reduction? E) complete
A) the length of a vowel
B) the force of a vowel 195. High rising tone sounds:
C) the quality of a vowel A) light
D) the tone of a vowel B) complete
E) the stress of a vowel C) emotional
D) categoric
187. What is changed in qualitative reduction? E) calm
A) the quality of a sound
B) the stress of a sound 196. Low falling tone sounds:
C) the length of a sound A) complete
D) the force of a sound B) emotional
E) the tone of a sound C) calm
D) non-categoric
188. What plays the important role in unstressed E) light
vocalism?
A) neutral vowel phoneme 197. Rising-falling tone sounds:
B) a vowel of full formation A) highly emotional
C) a semi-weak vowel B) complete
D) a reduced vowel C) definite
E) a semi-strong vowel D) calm
E) non-categoric
189. Which of the following parts of speech is used in
the reduced form? 198. Regular descending type of body gives an
A) article impression of:
A) balance
B) low spirits 207. Who defines intonation as rises and falls in pitch
C) liveliness level?
D) excitement A) H. C. Gimson
E) finality B) D. Jones
C) L. Armstrong
199. Low type of body gives an impression of: D) R. Kingdon
A) low spirits E) V. A. Vassilyev
B) liveliness
C) finality 208. Who points out the connection between intonation
D) excitement and stress?
E) balance A) J. D. O’Connor
B) D. Jones
200. Sliding type of body gives an impression of: C) L. Armstrong
A) excitement D) V. S. Vassilyev
B) balance E) I. Ward
C) non-finality
D) low spirits 209. Who defines intonation as the tune of what we
say?
201. Scandent type of body gives an impression of: A) C. H. Prator
A) liveliness B) V. A. Vassilyev
B) finality C) L. Armstrong
C) balance D) I. Ward
D) excitement E) D. Jones
E) low spirits
210. Who defines intonation as an actualized sentence-
202. When was L. Armstrong’s system of lines group?
introduced? A) V. A. Vassilyev
A) 1926 B) D. Jones
B) 1930 C) L. Armstrong
C) 1941 D) I. Ward
D) 1920 E) H. C. Gimson
E) 1929
211. What is the most important section of an
203. Whose system of indicating intonation graphically intonation group?
was widely spread in our country? A) nucleus
A) H. Palmer’s B) head
B) Armstrong’s C) body
C) R. Kingdon’s D) tail
D) D. Jones’s E) pre-head
E) I. Ward’s
212. Terminal tones are realized on the:
204. What turns a word/word group into a sentence? A) nuclei
A) intonation B) head
B) syllable formation C) pre-head
C) syllable division D) body
D) stress E) tail
E) intensity
213. M. H. Cleason distinguishes:
205. Who defines intonation as rise and fall of the A) three terminal tones
voice? B) two terminal tones
A) L. Armstrong C) more than five
B) H. C. Gimson D) four terminal tones
C) V. A. Vassilyev E) five terminal tones
D) R. Kingdon
E) D. Jones 214. How many significant types of pre-head are there?
A) two
206. Who defines intonation as a variations in the B) four
pitch? C) three
A) D. Jones D) six
B) H. C. Gimson E) five
C) R. Kingdon
D) V. A. Vassilyev 215. According to H. Palmer the head consists of:
E) L. Armstrong A) three types
B) two types B) tempo
C) four types C) pausation
D) five types D) tamber
E) six types E) pitch

216. How many main types of body are there? 225. What intonation component isn’t investigated at
A) six all?
B) three A) voice-tamber
C) two B) rhythm
D) four C) pauses
E) five D) tempo
E) melody
217. How many main types of nuclear tones are there?
A) eight 226. The low type of pre-head is represented like:
B) five A) ¼
C) three
B) /
D) four
E) six C) è
D) ¾
218. The tail maybe of:
A) three types E) /
B) five types
C) two types 227. Who represented rhythmic, recessive and retentive
D) four types tendencies?
E) six types A) V.A.Vassilyev
B) I.Ward
219. Syntagmatic stress is placed on the: C) L.V.Shcherba
A) nucleus D) G.P.Torsuyev
B) pre-head E) D.Jones
C) tail
D) head 228. According to H. Palmer the inferior type of head
E) body is represented like:
A) _
220. What stress determines the pitch of the voice? B) /
A) sentence-stress
B) syntagmatic stress C) ~
C) syntactic stress D) þ
D) logical stress
E) word stress E) ¼

221. What is known as the rate or duration of speech? 229. The superior type of head is represented like:
A) tempo A) -
B) rhythm B) ¼
C) pauses C) \
D) tamber D) /
E) melody
230. L.E.Armstrong defines intonation as:
222. Tempo is closely connected with: A) the rise and fall of the voice
A) rhythm B) rises and falls in pitch level
B) pitch C) variations in the pitch
C) pauses D) the tune of what we say
D) tamber E) the actualized sence -group
E) stress
231. D.Jones defines intonation as:
223. The regular alternation of stressed and unstressed A) variations in the pitch of the musical note
syllables is: B) the actualized sence-group
A) rhythm C) the tune of what we say
B) tamber D) rises and falls in the pitch level
C) pausation E) the rise and fall of the voice
D) tempo
E) pitch 232. A.C.Gimson defines intonation as:
A) rises and falls in pitch level
224. Rhythm is closely connected with: B) the tune of what we say
A) stress C) variations in the pitch of the musical note
D) the rise and fall of the voice B) the active speech mechanism
E) the actualized sence-group C) the vibrator mechanism
D) the passive speech mechanism
233. C.H.Prator defines intonation as: E) the obstructor mechanism
A) the tune of what we say
B) rise and fall of the voice 242. Tongue belongs to:
C) variations in the pitch of the musical note A) the obstructor mechanism
D) the actualized sence-group B) the power mechanism
E) rises and falls in pitch level C) the passive speech mechanism
D) the resonator mechanism
234. V.A.Vassilyev defines intonation as: E) the vibrator mechanism
A) the actualized sence-group
B) the tune of what we say 243. There maybe no intonation-group without:
C) rises and falls in pitch level A) a nuclear tone
D) variations in the pitch of the musical note B) head
E) rise fall of the voice C) tail
D) body
235. J.D.O’Connor points out the connection between: E) pre-head
A) intonation and stress
B) intonation and rhythm 244. What is the essential element of an intonation-
C) intonation and voice-tamber group?
D) intonation and tempo A) nucleus
E) intonation and pausation B) tail
C) body
236. How many methods of indicating intonation D) pre-head
graphically are there? E) head
A) two
B) four 245. What is the last component of intonation?
C) three A) voice-tamber
D) five B) rhythm
E) six C) tempo
D) pauses
237. What shows graphically the upper and the lower E) tamber
limits of the human voice pitch?
A) two horizontal lines 246. What is indicated by a double vertical bar?
B) two vertical bars A) pause
C) two horizontal waving lines B) rhythm
D) two vertical waving lines C) tempo
E) one horizontal line D) tamber
E) melody
238. The function of an intonation is:
A) to turn a word or group of words into a sentence 247. Voice quality is the same as:
B) to form syllables A) voice-tamber
C) to make a syllable more prominent B) melody
D) to show the connection between spoken and written C) rhythm
language D) tempo
E) to break a phoneme into atoms E) tamber

239. Diaphragm belongs to: 248. Voice-tamber is connected with:

A) the power mechanism A) the tempo of speech
B) the vibrator mechanism B) tamber
C) the resonator machanism C) melody
D) the obstructor mechanism D) rhythm
E) the passive speech mechanism E) voice-quality

240. Vocal cords belong to: 249. Voice-tamber is connected with:

A) the vibrator mechanism A) the pitch of the voice
B) the resonator mechanism B) tempo
C) the passive speech mechanism C) melody
D) the obstructor mechanism D) rhythm
E) the power mechanism E) voice-quality

241. Pharynx belongs to: 250. How many functions does intonation fulfil?
A) the resonator mechanism A) three
B) six B) low falling
C) two C) high falling
D) four D) low rising
E) five E) falling

251. What component may be slow, normal or quick? 260. What tone sounds definite and complete?
A) tempo A) low falling
B) rhythm B) low rising
C) tamber C) falling
D) voice-quality D) high falling
E) melody E) high rising

252. What is the length of rhythmical groups? 261. What tone is implicatory?
A) from one to five syllables A) falling-rising
B) from one to two syllables B) rising
C) from one to seven syllables C) high rising
D) from one to three syllables D) high falling
E) from one to four syllables E) low falling

253. What is the most important function of an 262. What tone is highly emotional?
intonation? A) rising-falling
A) the distinctive B) falling-rising
B) the constitutive C) high rising
C) recognitive D) falling
D) retentive E) low rising
E) recessive
263. What body makes for an impression of balance?
254. What tone expresses finality? A) regular descending
A) falling B) low ascending
B) rising C) sliding
C) low falling D) scandent
D) high falling E) ascending
E) low rising
264. What body gives an impression of low spirits?
255. What tone expresses non-finality? A) low
A) rising B) scandent
B) low rising C) sliding
C) falling D) regular descending
D) high rising E) ascending
E) low falling
265. What body gives an impression of excitement?
256. What tone sounds calm? A) sliding
A) low falling B) scandent
B) high falling C) ascending
C) rising D) low
D) falling E) regular descending
E) low rising
266. What body gives an impression of liveliness?
257. What tone sounds emotional? A) scandent
A) high falling B) sliding
B) rising C) regular descending
C) high rising D) low
D) low falling E) ascending
E) falling
267. How is a long pause indicated?
258. What tone sounds non-categoric and interested? A) with a double vertical bar
A) low rising B) with a single vertical bar
B) high falling C) with a wavy vertical line
C) high rising D) with a wavy double vertical line
D) rising E) not indicated
E) falling
268. How is a short pause indicated?
259. What tone sounds light and casual? A) with a single vertical bar
A) high rising B) with a double vertical bar
C) with a wavy double vertical line A) small dots
D) not indicated B) dashes
E) with a wavy vertical line C) tail-like curves
D) upward curves
269. What may be defined as a regular recurrence of E) large dots
stressed and unstressed syllables?
A) speech rhythm 278. Who introduced the so-called «tonetic stress-mark
B) tempo system»?
C) voice-tamber A) R. Kingdon
D) word prominence B) H. Palmer
E) speech melody C) D. Jones
D) G. P. Torsuyev
270. What is considered to be a temporal components E) C. Prator
of intonation?
A) tempo, rhythm, pauses 279. Who introduced the so-called «stair-steps»
B) speech melody system?
C) voice-tamber A) K. L. Pike
D) word prominence B) R. Kingdon
E) word stress C) C. Prator
D) V. A. Vassilyev
271. What mark corresponds to a stressed syllable? E) L. V. Shcherba
A) dash
B) dot 280. Whose intonation system do Soviet teachers
C) downward curve follow?
D) upward curve A) L. Armstrong’s
E) tail-like curve B) K. Pike’s
C) R. Kingdon’s
272. What mark corresponds to an unstressed syllable? D) D. Jones’
A) dot E) H. Palmer’s
B) upward curve
C) dash 281. There are two significant types of:
D) tail-like curve A) pre-head
E) downward curve B) tail
C) head
273. What mark corresponds to falling tone? D) body
A) downward curve E) nucleus
B) small dot
C) dash 282. There are three types of:
D) upward curve A) head
E) large dot B) nucleus
C) pre-head
274. What mark corresponds to rising tone? D) nuclear tone
A) upward curve E) body
B) dash
C) downward curve 283. There are six main types of:
D) large dot A) body
E) small dot B) nucleus
C) head
275. Who introduced the system of lines/dashes and D) tail
dots? E) pre-head
A) L. Armstrong
B) R. Kingdon 284. There are three types of:
C) D. Jones A) tail
D) H. E. Palmer B) nucleus
E) V. A. Vassilyev C) pre-head
D) body
276. R. Kingdon marked stressed syllables with: E) scale
A) wedge-like signs
B) downward curves 285. There are eight main types of:
C) small dots A) nuclear tone
D) upward curves B) body
E) tail-like curves C) pre-head
D) tail
277. R. Kingdon marked unstressed syllables with: E) head
 D) three
286. Who defines an intonation as a complex unity of E) five
speech melody, word-prominence, tempo and voice-
tamber? 294. Whose system of intonation was introduced in
A) Soviet phoneticians 1926?
B) German phoneticians A) L.E.Armstrong's
C) English phoneticians B) H.Palmer's
D) American phoneticians C) K.Pike's
E) French phoneticians D) C.Prator's
E) R.Kingdon's
287. Downward curve corresponds to:
A) falling tone 295. For indicating intonation graphically
B) rising tone L.E.Armstrong introduced the system of:
C) ascending tone A) lines and dots
D) falling-rising tone B) music notation
E) rising-falling tone C) tonetic stress-mark
D) stair-steps
288. Upward curve corresponds to: E) large and small dots
A) rising tone
B) descending tone 296. For indicating intonation graphically out of the
C) falling tone line of text R.Kingdon introduced the system of:
D) falling-rising tone A) tonetic stress-mark
E) rising-falling tone B) large and small dots
C) music notation
289. Who marked stressed syllables with wedge-like D) stair-steps
signs? E) dashes and dots
A) R . Kingdon
B) H . Palmer 297. For indicating intonation graphically K.L.Pike
C) C . Prator introduced the system of:
D) D . Jones A) stair-steps
E) K . Pike B) tonetic stress-mark
C) dashes and dots
290. Who marked unstressed syllables with small dots? D) large and small dots
A) R . Kingdon E) music notation
B) K . Pike
C) L .V . Shcherba 298. In what reduction the length of the vowel is
D) C . Prator reduced:
E) H . Palmer A) quantitative
B) musical
291. Who marked stressed syllables with dashes or C) zero
lines? D) qualitative
A) L . E . Armstrong E) dynamic
B) R . Kingdon
C) H . Palmer 299. In what reduction the quality of the vowel is
D) K . Pike changed:
E) C . Prator A) qualitative
B) zero
292. Who marked unstressed syllables with dots? C) musical
A) L.E.Armstrong D) dynamic
B) L.V.Shcherba E) quantitative
C) C.Prator
D) D.Jones 300. In what reduction the vowel or consonant may
E) K.Pike drop out:
A) zero
293. How many levels of speech melody does K.Pike B) qualitative
distinguish? C) musical
A) four D) quantitative
B) two E) dynamic
C) six