Aditya-L1

Aditya-L1 Mission
Aditya-L1 is a satellite dedicated to the comprehensive study of the Sun.

Launched on: 2 September 2023

Rocket: PSLV C57

PSLV-C57 is the 59th flight of PSLV and 25th mission using PSLV-XL
configuration.

Launched from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Sriharkota, Andhra Pradesh).

Cost: (Estimated Rs: 400 Crore) The ISRO has not revealed the cost of Aditya-L1
officially.

How long will it be operational for: 5.2 years

Nigar Shaji is the project director.

Sreedhara Panicker Somanath, also known as S. Somanath, is the current

chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Aditya-L1 spacecraft, India’s first solar observatory

The U.R. Rao Satellite Centre (URSC) in Bengaluru assembled Aditya-L1.

Aditya was conceptualised in January 2008 by the Advisory Committee for

Space Sciences (ADCOS).

Aditya in Sanskrit means the Sun. L1 here refers to Lagrange Point 1 of the Sun-
Earth system.

L1 is a location in space where the gravitational forces of two celestial bodies,

such as the Sun and Earth, are in equilibrium. This allows an object placed there
to remain relatively stable with respect to both celestial bodies.

Aditya-L1 will stay approximately 1.5 million km away from Earth, directed towards
the Sun, which is about 1% of the Earth-Sun distance.

The mission's journey is notably shorter than India's previous Mars orbiter
mission, Mangalyaan.

Aditya-L1 stays Earth-bound orbits for 16 days, during which it undergoes 5

maneuvres to gain the necessary velocity for its journey.

Join Exam Preparation Telegram Group by Lasya Srivalli: (Click Here) Visit Website: loukyasri.com
 Aditya-L1

The journey to L1 after launch is estimated to take around 110 days, over which
time five further maneuvers will be performed to give the spacecraft the velocity
needed to reach this gravitationally stable point.

When arriving at L1, Aditya-L1 will execute a further maneuver to "bind" itself to an
orbit around the location. The orbit established around 127 days after launch will
be irregularly shaped and will be in a plane approximately perpendicular to a line
joining the sun and Earth, according to the ISRO.

It has 7 distinct payloads developed, all developed indigenously. Five by ISRO and
two by Indian academic institutes in collaboration with ISRO.

Type Sl.
Payload Capability Laboratories
No
Indian Institute
Visible Emission
Corona Imaging of
1 Line Coronagraph
and spectroscopy Astrophysics, Ba
(VELC)
ngalore
Inter University
Rem Solar Ultraviolet Photosphere and chrom Centre for
ote 2 Imaging Telescope osphere imaging-narrow Astronomy &
Sensi (SUIT) and broadband Astrophysics, Pu
ng ne
Paylo Solar Low Energy X- Soft X-ray spectrometer:
ads 3 ray Spectrometer Sun-as-a-star
(SoLEXS) observation U R Rao Satellite
High Energy L1 Centre, Bangalor
Hard X-
Orbiting X- e
4 ray spectrometer: Sun-
ray Spectrometer
as-a-star observation
(HEL1OS)
Solar wind and Particle Physical
Aditya Solar wind
analyzer: Protons and Research
5 Particle Experiment
Heavier ions with Laboratory, Ahm
(ASPEX)
directions edabad
Space Physics
In- Solar wind and Particle Laboratory, Vikra
Plasma Analyser
situ Analyzer: Electrons and m Sarabhai
6 Package for Aditya
Paylo Heavier Ions with Space
(PAPA)
ads directions Centre, Thiruvan
anthapuram
Advanced Tri- Laboratory for
axial High In-situ magnetic field Electro Optics
7
Resolution Digital M (Bx, By and Bz). Systems, Bangal
agnetometers ore

Join Exam Preparation Telegram Group by Lasya Srivalli: (Click Here) Visit Website: loukyasri.com
 Aditya-L1

What will Aditya-L1 do?

The Aditya-L1 spacecraft had a launch mass of 3,252 pounds (1,475 kilograms). It
is a cube-shaped satellite with a honeycomb sandwich structure.

Aditya-L1 will investigate the sun's atmosphere, the corona, and its surface, the
photosphere.

The proximity to Earth will also allow the mission to study Earth's magnetic field,
the magnetosphere, and how it reacts to charged particles that stream towards.
Earth from the sun in solar winds and in coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The
Indian mission will also study the space environment around L1.

7 scientific instruments
The Aditya-L1 craft has a payload of 7 scientific instruments, each with distinct
functions, which weigh around 538 pounds (244 kg) and will be carried on the
spacecraft's top deck. The instruments of Aditya-L1 and their functions are:

Magnetometer (MAG)

MAG, developed by the Laboratory for Electro Optics Systems (LEOS) will
measure the magnitude and direction of the interplanetary magnetic field around
Earth.

MAG will also examine events like CMEs, measuring their impact on the space
environment immediately around Earth. It will also detect waves in solar plasma
at L1.

Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC)

VELC will make observations of the solar corona close to the limb of the sun. This
will include measuring coronal magnetic fields and detecting CMEs and so-called
"coronal loops" outflows of plasma emerging from the sun's upper atmosphere.

High Energy L1 Orbiting X-ray Spectrometer (HEL1OS)

HEL1OS will concentrate on solar flares, outbursts of electromagnetic radiation

from the sun, examining both thermal and non-thermal emissions that occur as
flares evolve.

Join Exam Preparation Telegram Group by Lasya Srivalli: (Click Here) Visit Website: loukyasri.com
 Aditya-L1

It will also study pulsations of X-rays during solar flares to understand how these
high-energy emissions are linked to mechanisms accelerating particles like
electrons around the sun.

Solar Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (SUIT)

Developed by the Inter University for Astronomy and Astrophysics, SUIT is an

ultraviolet telescope that will image the solar disk. The aim of this will be to
understand how energy is channeled from the photosphere to the corona.

It will also examine the wavelengths at which solar flares radiate the most energy
and how different phases of flares appear at different layers of the sun's
atmosphere.

Solar Low Energy X-ray Spectrometer (SoLEXS)

SoLEXS will measure the flux of X-rays from the sun at L1 to investigate properties
of the corona. Again, the aim of this will be to search for the mechanism that is
driving the heating of the solar corona.

SoLEXS will also look at the dynamics of solar flares from their most powerful
variety, X-class flares, to lower power sub-A class flares.

Aditya Solar wind Particle EXperiment (ASPEX)

ASPEX will make measurements of the solar wind, a constant stream of charged
particles from the sun, at L1. This will help investigate where particles in the solar
wind originate from and characterize events that accelerate these particles.

Plasma Analyser Package for Aditya (PAPA)

The two sensors of PAPA will also study the solar wind, investigating its
composition and the distribution of energy within it. It will examine the speed of
electrons in the solar wind and the differences in temperature of these particles
and protons at different points in that stream of solar plasma.

Join Exam Preparation Telegram Group by Lasya Srivalli: (Click Here) Visit Website: loukyasri.com
 Aditya-L1

Adithya L1 Payloads

Science Objectives:
The major science objectives of Aditya-L1 mission are:

Study of Solar upper atmospheric (chromosphere and corona) dynamics.

Study of chromospheric and coronal heating, physics of the partially ionized

plasma, initiation of the coronal mass ejections, and flares

Observe the in-situ particle and plasma environment providing data for the study
of particle dynamics from the Sun.

Physics of solar corona and its heating mechanism.

Diagnostics of the coronal and coronal loops plasma: Temperature, velocity and
density.

Development, dynamics and origin of CMEs.

Identify the sequence of processes that occur at multiple layers (chromosphere,

base and extended corona) which eventually leads to solar eruptive events.

Magnetic field topology and magnetic field measurements in the solar corona.

Drivers for space weather (origin, composition and dynamics of solar wind).

Join Exam Preparation Telegram Group by Lasya Srivalli: (Click Here) Visit Website: loukyasri.com
 Aditya-L1

Lagrange Points in the Sun-Earth System:

L1 is considered the most significant of the Lagrange points for solar
observations. A satellite placed in the halo orbit around the L1 has the major
advantage of continuously viewing the Sun without any occultation/ eclipses.

It is currently home to the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Satellite (SOHO).

L2: Positioned directly 'behind' Earth as viewed from the Sun, L2 is excellent for
observing the larger Universe without Earth's shadow interference.

The James Webb Space Telescope orbits the Sun near L2.

Join Exam Preparation Telegram Group by Lasya Srivalli: (Click Here) Visit Website: loukyasri.com
 Aditya-L1

L3: Positioned behind the Sun, opposite Earth, and just beyond Earth's orbit, it
offers potential observations of the far side of the Sun.

L4 and L5: Objects at L4 and L5 maintain stable positions, forming an equilateral

triangle with the two larger bodies.

They are often used for space observatories, such as those studying asteroids.

Source:

https://www.isro.gov.in/Aditya_L1-MissionDetails.html

https://www.space.com/aditya-l1-india-sun-observatory-mission

Join Exam Preparation Telegram Group by Lasya Srivalli: (Click Here) Visit Website: loukyasri.com
 Aditya-L1

If you want to get in touch with me, you can use any of the following methods:

Email: kudipudilasyasrivalli@gmail.com

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lasyasrivalli

Threads: https://www.threads.net/@lasyasrivalli

Visit Website: loukyasri.com https://www.loukyasri.com

Join Exam Preparation Telegram Group: https://t.me/+HZqxoD_qW6sxY2E1

Join Exam Preparation Telegram Group by Lasya Srivalli: (Click Here) Visit Website: loukyasri.com