Bolt Torque - Tension Relation Calculator

Bolt Material Steel, 10.9

Thread (Nut) Material Aluminum, 6061-T6
Threads lubed or dry? Dry
Under-head Material Aluminum, 6061-T6
Under-head lubed or dry? Dry
Applied Bolt Torque 15.0 Nm
Bolt Thread Major Diameter 8.0 mm
Hollow Bolt Inner Diameter, ID 0.0 mm
Bolt Head Diameter, Bearing Surface 14.0 mm
Clearance Hole ID, Bearing Surface 8.5 mm
Thread Pitch 1.25 mm
Bolt Stretch Section Length 20.00 mm
External Axial Loading 12,000 N
External Shear Loading 1,000 N
Shear Load Location Shank
Thread Angle, Included 60 deg
Bolt Tensile Modulus 205,000 MPa
Bolt Ultimate Tensile Strength 1,040 MPa
Bolt Yield Tensile Strength 940 MPa
Nut Ultimate Tensile Strength 310 MPa
Coefficient of Friction, Threads 0.35
Coefficient of Friction, Under-head 0.35
Applied Bolt Torque 15,000 Nmm
Pitch Circle Diameter 7.19 mm
Thread Minor Diameter 6.47 mm
Bolt Tensile Area 36.61 mm2
Bolt Shear Area per Unit Length 11.29 mm2/mm
Bolt Shear Area Fudge Factor 1.08
Nut Shear Area Fudge Factor 1.49
Bolt Ultimate Shear Load per Length 7,318 N
Nut Ultimate Shear Load per Length 3,009 N
Stripping Failure FOS 1.50
Minimum Thread Engagement Length 19.0 mm
Reaction Torque, Bolt Stretch 0.82 Nm
Reaction Torque, Thread Friction 6.02 Nm
Reaction Torque, Bearing Friction 8.16 Nm
Bolt Ultimate Tensile Load 38,073 N
Bolt Yield Tensile Load 34,412 N
Resulting Bolt Tension Force 4,143 N
Bolt Preload Stress 113 MPa
Resulting Bolt Axial Strain 0.06%
Bolt Torsional Stress, Tightening 113 MPa
Bolt Tightening Stress 227 MPa
Resulting Bolt Axial Stress, Service 441 MPa
Resulting Bolt Shear Stress, Service 20 MPa
Bolt Service Stress 442 MPa
Stress Level FOS as Installed, Yield 8.31
Stress Level FOS as Installed, Ultimate 9.19
Stress Level FOS During Install, Yield 4.15
Stress Level FOS During Service, Yield 2.13
PRETENS Section Shortening 0.0110 mm

Disclaimer: The material contained within this spreadsheet is intended for reference only and is not for de
damage, or injury resulting from its use as a design tool. Use this spreadsheet at your own risk!
 Copyright Notice: The material contained within this spreadsheet, unless otherwise noted, is original work create
Billy Wight of Luxon Engineering/Luxon MX. Any reproduction of this work, in part or in full, requires the writte
permission of Billy Wight of Luxon Engineering/Luxon MX.

https://www.LuxonEngineering.com https://LuxonMX

Selections from Material Matrix sheet, use OTHER for custom values and input those
Input Torque Distr
values in the matix in the appropriate cells

Torque applied with the wrench

Enter zero for solid bolt

Length from first engaged thread to bolt head

Additional axial loading experienced in service
Additional shear loading experienced in service
Across bolt shank or across threads?
Most equations assume 60 degrees

Quantities pulled from Material Matrix, use OTHER line in matrix for custom values
Reaction Torque, Bearing Fric-
tion
54%

Unit conversion for convenience

Based on standard metric threadform
Based on standard metric threadform
per ISO 898
per ISO 898 Typ Fudge Values
Fudge Factor, Bolt
To account for tolerances affecting actual shear diameters, see chart at right -->
Fudge Factor, Nut
Load at ultimate failure per unit length in shear
Load at ultimate failure per unit length in shear
To ensure bolt tensile failure prior to thread stripping(for min thread engagement)
Minimum thread engagement for bolt tensile failure prior to thread stripping
Portion of applied torque that preloads the fastener 1200
Bolt Ultimate Tensile
Portion of applied torque to overcome thread friction Strength

Portion of applied torque to overcome bearing friction Bolt Yield Tensile Stre
1000

800
a
 1200
Bolt Ultimate Tensile
Strength

Bolt Yield Tensile Stre

1000
Load at ultimate failure in tension
Load at yield failure in tension
AKA, clamping load or bolt preload 800
Axial stress level due to clamping tension only
Used for PRETENS calculation

Stress, MPa
Torsional stress only, relaxes post tightening 600
Equivalent stress while tightening (axial plus torsional)
Axial stress level due to clamping tension and service tension loads
Shear stress level due to service shear loads 400

Equivalent stress while in service (axial plus service axial and shear)
FOS to yield once installed before external loads
200
FOS to ultimate once installed before external loads
FOS to yield while installing (includes torsional loading)
FOS to yield while in service (includes preload and service loading) 113
0
For use in FEA softwarewith bolt pretension analysis Bolt Preload St

et is intended for reference only and is not for design purposes. Luxon Engineering, Luxon MX, and/or Billy Wight can not be h
e this spreadsheet at your own risk!
s original work created by
ull, requires the written

https://LuxonMX.com

ut Torque Distribution

Reaction Torque, Bolt Stretch

5%

Reaction Torque, Thread Fric-

tion
40%

action Torque, Bearing Fric-

tion
54%

M4 x 0.7 M5 x 0.8 M6 x 1 M8 x 1.25 M10 x 1.25 M12 x 1.5

0.98 1.01 1.03 1.08 1.09 1.10
1.26 1.30 1.38 1.49 1.47 1.57

Resulting Bolt Stresses

200
Bolt Ultimate Tensile
Strength

Bolt Yield Tensile Strength

000

800
200
Bolt Ultimate Tensile
Strength

Bolt Yield Tensile Strength

000

800

600

400

200

113 227 442

0
Bolt Preload Stress Bolt Tightening Stress Bolt Service Stress

ly Wight can not be held liable for any errors found in the spreadsheet or for any death,
Materials Matrix

Poisson's Material
Material E (MPa) UTS (MPa) YTS (MPa)
Ratio Class
Aluminum, A356-T6 72,400 0.33 234 165 Aluminum
Aluminum, 6061-T6 68,900 0.33 310 276 Aluminum
Aluminum, 7075-T73 72,000 0.33 505 435 Aluminum
Titanium, Grade 2 Annealed 102,000 0.34 430 340 Titanium
Titanium, Grade 5 Annealed 113,800 0.34 950 880 Titanium
Steel, Grade 2, < 3/4" 200,000 0.29 510 393 Steel
Steel, Grade 2, > 3/4" 200,000 0.29 414 248 Steel
Steel, Grade 5, < 1" 200,000 0.29 827 634 Steel
Steel, Grade 5, > 1" 200,000 0.29 725 558 Steel
Steel, Grade 8 205,000 0.29 1,034 896 Steel
Steel, 8.8, < 16mm 200,000 0.29 800 640 Steel
Steel, 8.8, > 16mm 200,000 0.29 830 660 Steel
Steel, 10.9 205,000 0.29 1,040 940 Steel
Steel, 12.9 205,000 0.29 1,220 1,100 Steel
SS, 18-8 (304) 193,000 0.29 505 215 Stainless
SS, A286 (ARP) 200,000 0.30 1,035 759 Stainless
Inconel 718 208,000 0.29 1,375 1,100 Stainless
OTHER
 Interface Mating Material K Factor (Coefficient of Friction) Matrix
Dry Lubed

Aluminum Titanium Steel Stainless Aluminum Titanium Steel Stainless

1.00 0.35 0.35 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.20 0.25

1.00 0.35 0.35 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.20 0.25
1.00 0.35 0.35 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.20 0.25
0.35 0.35 0.25 0.40 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.25
0.35 0.35 0.25 0.40 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.25
0.35 0.25 0.18 0.40 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.20
0.35 0.25 0.18 0.40 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.20
0.35 0.25 0.18 0.40 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.20
0.35 0.25 0.18 0.40 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.20
0.35 0.25 0.18 0.40 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.20
0.35 0.25 0.18 0.40 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.20
0.35 0.25 0.18 0.40 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.20
0.35 0.25 0.18 0.40 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.20
0.35 0.25 0.18 0.40 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.20
0.40 0.40 0.40 0.50 0.25 0.25 0.20 0.30
0.40 0.40 0.40 0.50 0.25 0.25 0.20 0.30
0.40 0.40 0.40 0.50 0.25 0.25 0.20 0.30
Fudge Factor Calculator
For Determining Actual Thread Shear Area from ISO 898 Approximate Method
External Thread Sizes Internal Thread Sizes
Major Diameter Pitch Diameter Minor Diameter Minor Diameter
max min max min max min min max
N/A 3.838 N/A 3.433 N/A N/A N/A 3.422

Nominal OD 4.00
Pitch 0.70
Pitch Diameter 3.55

Accurate Approx.
Bolt Shear Area 5.47 5.57
Nut Shear Area 7.00 N/A

Fudge Factor, Bolt 0.98

Fudge Factor, Nut 1.26

Calculated Fudge Factors

M4 x 0.7 M5 x 0.8 M6 x 1 M8 x 1.25 M10 x 1.25 M12 x 1.5
0.98 1.01 1.03 1.08 1.09 1.10
1.26 1.30 1.38 1.49 1.47 1.57
Pitch Diameter Major Diameter
min max min max
N/A 3.663 N/A N/A