Equipment performance check :

Ulllll
The calibration and performance of manual ultrasonic test
system can be checked using the IIW - V1 block.
Normal Probe :
S : System Sensitivity check, with the hole signal set to 75%
screen height, minimum 40 dB reserved gain required.
R : Resolution check [ ability to produce separate indication ]
The signals from the 85, 91 and 100 mm distances should be
displayed on the screen without overlapping.
D2 : Dead zone, signal from hole indicates 10 mm or less.
D1 : Dead zone, signal from hole indicates, 5 mm or less.
P : Checks sound generating ability of the system. With the
gain at maximum, 5 full screen signals from the 23 mm
Perspex insert, using a 2 MHz probe should be obtained.
R1 and R2 : Range calibration and Horizontal Linearity.
Angle Probe :
E: Beam exit point, when the signal from the radius
becomes maximum, the exit point of the probe coincides
with the center mark of the scale on the face of the block.
S: Sensitivity check. with the signal from the radius set to
100%, minimum 40 dB reserved gain required.
R: Range calibration for angle probe.
A1: and A2: Angle check, when the signal from the hole
becomes maximum, the exit point of the probe may coincide
with one of the marks on the face of the block to indicate
the refracted beam angle of the probe.
Horizontal Linearity : For accurately locating reflectors, a linear
distance scale is essential.
A 100 mm range is accurately calibrated from location R1.
With the probe at position R2, signals should appear exactly
at 12.5, 25, 37.5 and 50 th division on the screen. A signal
position deviation by more than 1% indicates, non linear
distance scale. This check should be carried out over the
maximum range used for actual testing.
The ultrasonic instrument must provide linear vertical
presentation within +/- 5% of the full screen height.
Screen Height Linearity : Using a viscous couplant, a normal
beam probe is positioned at a suitable location of the block
to give a 2 : 1 ratio of amplitudes between two steady
signals. When the attenuator is changed in 2 dB steps, the
smaller amplitude signal must remain 50% of the larger
amplitude within +/- 5% of full screen height.
Amplitude Control Linearity : The accuracy of the amplitude
control of the ultrasonic equipment is also essential.
Using a viscous couplant, a normal beam probe is
positioned on the block to produce a 80% steady signal.
With the attenuator changing by 2 dB steps, the signal
amplitude shall change corresponding to the figure given
below. A deviation of +/- 5% is considered acceptable.
A 50% signal, when reduced by –24 dB, should be
clearly detectable. ( Dynamic range )
Signal to Noise ratio : After setting a signal to 20% screen
height, the gain is further increased till the base line noise
equals 20%. The difference in gain is the signal to noise
ratio and indicates the quality of the amplifier.

K. Chatterjee, 75643 Center for NDT P 00 Rv 04 Self study material.