English

Communication:
Communication can be defined as act of exchanging, expressing or conveying information
and ideas through writing, speaking and gesturing. Communication is usually defined as the
transmission of information. The term 'communication' stems from the Latin word 'communis'-
meaning' 'common'.
Communication is a two-way process involving the following elements: a sender, a message, a
medium, a channel, a receiver, a response and feedback. However, it is not sufficient to
have just all these elements; there should be cooperation and understanding between the two
parties involved.
Through communication two or more people exchange ideas, facts, feelings or impressions in
ways that each gains a common understanding of the meaning, intent and use of messages
.

7 Cs of communication:
The 7 Cs is a versatile tool that can be adapted for use in any form of communication,
whether that’s writing an email, creating marketing content, giving a presentation, having a job
interview, or chairing a meeting. You can use the 7 Cs of communication checklist to ensure
you’re a more productive and effective communicator.

Clear
Clarity is ensuring what you’re saying is communicated clearly and with no room for
misunderstanding. Good advice for being clear includes:

 Use simple language and focus on core points of your message

 Don’t use idioms to prevent any confusion and ambiguity
 Be clear in your mind about what you want to say and its purpose before you say
it
Concise
Convey your points in a succinct and concise way. Short sentences are more likely to
keep the attention of the listener, so try to use as little words as possible to
communicate your message.
Concise communication is non-repetitive, saves time, and is more comprehensible for
the audience.

Concrete
A concrete message is precise and backed by confidence as well as the use of
supporting facts and figures.

Correct
You should use the most suitable language for your specific message, and the best
form of communication. Correctness also means keeping your language free of
mistakes, whether that’s grammatical, spelling, or other inaccuracies.

Coherent
Coherent conversation makes sense and flows logically. Think carefully about the order
of your points and how you can make it come across in an easy-to-understand way. It’s
also important to be consistent with style and content when delivering multiple forms of
communications.

Complete
Make sure nothing is missing. Complete communication ensures the audience has all
the information they need, and are able to easily come to the desired conclusion. Good
ways to be complete include:

 Providing a ‘call to action’ i.e. what you would like your audience to do after
receiving the message?
 Including hyperlinks in written content to ensure all information is provided

Courteous
It’s important to be polite and respectful of your audience. Being friendly, considerate,
and professional will make your communications much more effective. You should also
be transparent, open, and honest, and be happy to answer any questions if applicable.

Barriers to effective speaking:

1. Lack of Confidence:
Lack of confidence is one of the major barriers to speaking effectively
particularly in English or any foreign language. Often most of the speakers
 fail to express their ideas confidently. They speak with pauses, and their
speech lacks coherence. Their inner nervousness is evident from their
faces.

2. Lack of Planning:

An unplanned speech fails to impress the listeners. Often speakers do

not give consideration to the subject, audience, place of meeting,
and audiovisual aids. Their speech fails to produce desired results due to
lack of planning.

3. Poor atmosphere:

The atmosphere or setting of a speech includes the size of the meeting

place, suitable light and seating arrangements, temperature, etc. the
atmosphere in which a speech is delivered, plays an important role in
the success of a speech. If the atmospheric barrier is not removed, an
effective speech cannot be made.

4. Wrong Choice of Words:

The wrong choice of words is the fourth barrier to speaking effectively. If a

speaker is not careful about the choice of the words or his words are not
suitable for the situation, he will not be understandable to the listeners. He
may also annoy them. as a result, his image will be distorted.

5. Poor Gestures:

Gestures are the movements of our limbs that are used to contribute to
the impression of speech. While making a speech gestures should
correspond with the words. Their excessive or improper use may mar
the impression of speech and bore the audience.

6. Wrong Style:

The style of speech includes tone, pitch, volume, pronunciation, speed,

action, etc. if the style of speech is faulty, the speech will fail to create a
good impression. The listener will not pay attention to the speaker rather
ridicule him.

7.Linguistic Barrier:
8.Use of excessive fillers:

External Barriers to Effective Listening:

1. Noise in the surroundings:
2. Sitting Arrangement
3. Technical Problem in Equipment
4. Poor voice quality of the speaker
5. Language