Field processing operation

Separation and oil dehydration and emulsion treatment

Prepared by
Jalal omar
Article (1)
Separation of oil and gas
1. the significance of the article
As we consider the oil and gas as a source for energy it cannot be used
instantly in our daily life because it contain to much of contaminants and also
associated gas and water which can be risk to the environment and our health
this article shows a part of the process that oil and gas has to go through it to
be a useful finished product.
2. the purpose and objective are
 The purpose Is to separate the well stream into a quality oil and gas sale
able product in order to recover the maximum of each at minimum cost
 The objective is to offer a simple understanding and to present a basic
description of the surface processing unit from the separator to the to a
finished quality product.

3. Main content
A. Types of separator
B. Stages of separator
C. Process of separator
Types of content
Faqs, Images, product content, manual guides
Oil and gas separation

The first step in processing the well stream is to separate the crude oil, natural
gas, and water phases into separate streams. A gas–oil separator is a vessel
that does this job. Gas–oil separators can be horizontal, vertical, or spherical.
Oil-field separators can be classified into two types based on the number
of phases to separate:

1. Two-phase separators, which are used to separate gas from oil in oil
fields, or gas from water for gas fields
2. Three-phase separators, which are used to separate the gas from the
liquid phase, and water from oil

The liquid (oil, emulsion) leaves at the bottom through a level-control or

dump valve. The gas leaves the vessel at the top, passing through a mist
extractor to remove the small liquid droplets in the gas. Separation can
operate at low ,medium ,high pressure.

Due to the gravity force the heaviest fluid settles at the bottom and the lightest
fluid rises to the top.
Article (2)
Oil dehydration and emulsion treatment

1. the significance of the article

As we consider the oil and gas as a source for energy it cannot be used
instantly in our daily life because it contain to much of contaminants and also
associated gas and water which can be risk to the environment and our health
this article shows a part of the process that oil and gas has to go through it to
be a useful finished product.

2. the purpose and objective are

 The purpose to ensure that the remaining free water is totally removed
from the bulk of oil and to apply the necessary tools to remove water
emulsion
 The objective is to offer a simple understanding and to present a basic
description of the surface processing unit from the treatment to a
finished quality product.

3. Main content
Images, product content, guides, component items, faqs.
Oil dehydration and emulsion treatment

Once crude oil is separated, it undergoes further treatment steps. An important

aspect during oil field development is the design and operation of wet crude
handling facilities. We have to know that not all the oil was removed from the
separator, separated oil may contain up to 14% water exist as emulsion. Water
exist in crud oil in many form figure below shows.

A dehydration system, in general, comprise varies types of equipment

according to the type of the treatment, water removal or emulsion breaking,
most common are following:

• Free water knockout drum (FWKO)

• Wash tank
• Gunbarrel
• Flow treater
• Chemical injector
• Electrostatic dehydrator

These chemicals act as de-emulsifiers—once absorbed on the

water–oil interface, they will rupture the stabilizing film causing emulsions.
References

https://www.google.iq/books/edition/Fundamentals_of_Oil_and_Gas_Processi
ng/KXY9vwEACAAJ?hl=en

https://www.google.iq/books/edition/Introduction_to_Petroleum_Engineering/
DBIPDQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=introduction+to+petroleum&printsec
=frontcover