General Questions to All Manufacturers

Gas Turbine Advancements in Landfill Applications

January 19, 2006

Mark Hughes Colin Etheridge

General Questions to All Manufacturers

Presentation Agenda

Expanding Solars LFG Range Emissions Testing and Development Introduction of the Mercury 50

General Questions to All Manufacturers

Expanding Solars LFG Range

General Landfill Manufacturers Solars History -Questions to AllGas Market

LFG Shipments since 1981 Sales Model Saturn R (800 kW) Centaur 40 (3000 kW) Taurus 60 (5000 kW) Mars 90 (8000 kW) Total Units 8 units 40 units 20 units 4 units 72 units

Recent Additions: Mars 100 (10,500 kW) Titan 130 (14,500 kW)

Titan and Mars LBTU Injector Design General Questions to All Manufacturers Parameters

Fit into existing Mars and Titan combustor casings Function with the existing Mars and Titan combustor liners Meet 30,000 hours before overhaul Operate with natural gas skid edge pressure range

General Questions to All Manufacturers

Injector Modifications

Standard size pigtails

Variable size orifices

Standard injector body

Various injector tip details to suit specific fuel Btu range

General Questions to All Manufacturers Titan Gas Manifold Design

Twin gas manifold feed

Package fuel delivery system modified as well

General Questions All Manufacturers Mars Gas ManifoldtoArrangement

Twin gas manifold feed

General Questions to All Manufacturers

Recent Projects

REP Landfill near Paris, France

1 Mars 100 462 Wobbe gas Delivered in December 2004 Commissioned in May 2005

Stranded Natural Gas, Offshore Malaysia

3 Titan 130s 3 gas streams 531, 598 & 642 Wobbe Commissioning in January 2006

Wobbe = Fuel Btu/Square Root of Fuel Specific Gravity

General Questions to All Manufacturers

LFG Emissions Testing

General Questions to All Manufacturers

Field Emissions Testing Projects

Centaur 40, Puente Hills Taurus 60, West Covina, California Mars 100, Paris, France

General Questions to All Manufacturers

The Mobile Emissions Lab - MEL

Drive in
Tow with rented vehicles

Plug
Self sufficiency On board power Run a data highway link Insert probe Run sample hose

Play
Sample inside 2 hours

General Puente Hills 11/04 L.A. Sanitation,Questions to All Manufacturers

Centaur 40 emissions

General Questions Covina 3/05 Minnesota Methane, Westto All Manufacturers

Taurus 60 emissions
T60-7001 s/n 0733T at Minnesota Methane West Covina site - All data
8 Mar 2005 24 Tamb ~ 54 - 71 deg F 800.0

22

700.0

ISO NOx @ 15% O2 - ppmv

NOx 350 Wobbe 18 NOx 300 Wobbe NOx 280 Wobbe CO 390 Wobbe 16 CO 350 Wobbe CO 300 Wobbe 14 CO 280 Wobbe 300.0 400.0 500.0

12

200.0

10 1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

100.0 4500

Load kW

CO @ 15% O2 - ppmv

20

NOx 390 Wobbe

600.0

REP Landfill,Questions toFrance 5/05 General Paris, All Manufacturers

Mars 100 emissions
Mars 100S s/n 0947M at at REP Paris Landfill
May 2005 44.0 42.0 40.0 38.0 36.0 NOx CO Tamb ~ 20 deg C 850 800 750 700 650 600 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 Load % 60 70 80 90 0 100

NOx ISO emissions ppmv

34.0 32.0 30.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 22.0 20.0 18.0 16.0 14.0 12.0 10.0

General Questions to All Manufacturers

Effect of Stoichiometric flame temperature on NOx

1.6 1.4 1.2

Standard Natural gas

Normalized NOx

1.0

Landfill gases
0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.90

Associated gases and high Hydrogen fuels

0.92

0.94

0.96

0.98

1.00

1.02

1.04

CO @15% O2 ppmv

1.06

Normalized absolute adiabatic flame temperature

General Questions to All Manufacturers

Introducing

Recuperated Gas Turbine

General Questions to All Manufacturers

Air/Gas Flow Path

AIR INTAKE

TURBINE EXHAUST

RECUPERATOR

COMBUSTOR

TURBINE

COMPRESSOR

GEARBOX

General Questions to All Manufacturers Factory Assembled Package

Compact Self-Contained Low Noise Profile Designed for Fast Installation Advanced Controls Remote Monitoring and Diagnostics

Performance Specifications General Questions to All Manufacturers

Power Output (ISO Conditions) 4900 kW Fuel Consumption 44 MMBtu/hr Efficiency (LHV) 38% Heat Rate (LHV) 8980 Btu/kW-hr Fuel Pressure Requirement 250 psig NOx and CO emissions sub 25 ppm @15% O2, goal of sub 10 ppm for both

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