Chuyên đề 1: THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ (TENSES)

A. Tổng hợp lí thuyết

Thì hiện tại
Thì động từ Cách dùng Công thức Từ nhận biết

Thì hiện tại -diễn tả hành động thường -seldom/rarely/hardly

đơn xuyên xảy ra V: I,số nhiều -sometimes/occasionally
eg: V -often/usually/frequently
V(s/es): số ít -always/constantly
-diễn tả thói quen -ever
eg: S+V -never
am: I -every
-diễn tả chân lí, sự thật be is: số ít
eg: are: số nhiều

-diễn tả lịch trình, thời Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn
gian biểu, thông báo *V(do/does)
eg: (-): S + do/does + not + V
(?):Do/does + S + V?
-diễn tả sở thích *Be(am/is/are)
eg: (-): S + am/is/are + not + …
(?): Am/is/are + S+.....?
-diễn tả nguồn gốc,bình
phẩm
eg:

Thì hiện tại -diễn tả hành động đang S + am/is/are + Ving -now
tiếp diễn xảy ra tại thời điểm nói Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn -at the moment
eg: (-): S + am/is/are + not + Ving -at present
(?): Am/is/are + S + Ving? -right now
-diễn tả hành động sẽ xảy -look/hear (!)
ra trong tương lai (có kế
hoạch từ trước)
eg:

-diễn tả sự thay đổi của

thói quen
eg:

-diễn tả sự ca thán, phàn

nàn
eg:

Thì hiện tại -diễn tả hành động xảy ra -for

hoàn thành trong quá khứ nhưng -since
 không rõ thời gian S + have/has + V(pp) -ever
eg: Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn -never
(-): S + have/has + not + V(pp) -so far
-diễn tả hành động lặp đi (?): Have/Has + S + V(pp)? -recently
lặp lại nhiều lần trong quá -lately
khứ -before (đứng cuối câu)
eg: -up to now/up to
present/until now
-diễn tả hành động xảy ra -yet
trong quá khứ nhưng để -just
lại dấu hiệu hoặc hậu quả -already
ở hiện tại
eg:

-diễn tả hành động những

trải nghiệm
eg:

-diễn tả hành động xảy ra

trong quá khứ nhưng kéo
dài đến hiện tại và vẫn
còn có khả năng sẽ tiếp
diễn trong tương lai
eg:

Thì hiện tại -nhấn mạnh khoảng thời
hoàn thành gian của một hành động
tiếp diễn đã xảy ra trong quá khứ
và tiếp tục tới hiện tại (có
thể tiếp diễn trong tương
lai)
eg:
S + have/has + been + V-ing -all day/week…
Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn -almost everyday this
(-): S + have/has + not + been + week…
V-ing -in the past year…
(?): Have/has + S + been +V-ing?

Thì quá khứ

Thì quá khứ -diễn tả hành động đã xảy V(ed)/V(cột 2) -ago
đơn ra trong quá khứ, không S+V -last
còn liên quan đến hiện tại was: số ít -yesterday
eg: be -in+một mốc thời gian
were: số nhiều trong quá khứ (in 2000…)
-diễn tả hành động xảy ra Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn
nối tiếp nhau trong quá *V (did)
khứ (-): S + did + not + V
eg: (?): Did + S +V?
*Be (was/were)
-diễn tả hồi ức, kỉ niệm (-): S + was/were + not +
eg: (?): Was/Were + S +...
Thì quá khứ -diễn tả hành động đang S + was/were + V-ing -giờ+trạng từ quá khứ (at 3
tiếp diễn xảy ra tại một thời điểm Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn pm yesterday…)
xác định trong quá khứ (-): S + was/were + not + V-ing -at this/that time+trạng từ
eg: (?): Was/Were + S + V-ing? quá khứ (at this time last
week…)
-diễn tả hành động đang
xảy ra thì có hành động
khác xen vào, hành động
nào xảy ra trước thì chia
QKTD, hành động nào
xảy ra sau thì chia QKD.
eg:

Thì quá khứ -diễn tả hành động xảy ra S + had +V(pp) -before/by the time (trước
hoàn thành và hoàn thành trước hành Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn chia QKHT, sau chia QKD)
động khác trong quá khứ. (-): S + had + not + V(pp) -After (trước chia QKD,
(?): Had + S + V(pp)? sau chia QKHT)

Thì quá khứ -nhấn mạnh khoảng thời S + had been +Ving -until then
hoàn thành gian của một hành động Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn -prior to that time
tiếp diễn đã xảy ra trong quá khứ (-): S + had not been + Ving
và kết thúc trước một (?): Had + S + been + Viing?
hành động quá khứ khác.
eg:

Thì tương lai

Thì tương lai -diễn tả hành động sẽ S + will + V -tomorrow

đơn xảy ra trong tương lai Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn -next
eg: (-): S + will + not + V -soon
(?): Will + S + V? -in + 1 khoảng thời gian (in
-diễn tả những dự đoán an hour)
eg:

-diễn tả lời hứa

eg:

Thì tương lai -diễn tả hành động đang S + will + be + V-ing. -giờ+trạng từ tương lai (at
tiếp diễn diễn ra vào một thời Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn 3pm tomorrow…)
điểm cụ thể trong tương (-): S + will + not + be + V-ing. -at this/that time+trạng từ
lai (?): Will + S + be + V-ing? tương lai (at this time next
eg: week)

-diễn tả hành động sẽ

đang xảy ra trong tương
 lai thì có hành động
khác xen vào, hành động
nào xảy ra trước thì chia
TLTD, hành động nào
xảy ra sau thì chia HTD
eg:

Thì tương lai -diễn tả hành động sẽ S + will + have +V(pp) -by+trạng từ của tương lai
hoàn thành được hoàn thành trước Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn (by tomorrow, by next
khi một hành động khác (-): S + will have + not + V(pp) week..)
xảy đến. (?): Will + S + have + V(pp)?

Thì tương lai -nhấn mạnh khoảng thời S + will have + been +V-ing
hoàn thành gian của một hành động Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn
tiếp diễn sẽ đang xảy ra trong (-): S + will not have + been + Ving.
tương lai kết thúc trước (?): Will + S + have been + Ving?
một hành động tương lai
khác
eg:

B. Bài tập
I. The present tense
Exercise 1:
1. The Earth ______ (go) around the sun.
2. Angela usually _______ (leave) for work at 8:00 AM.
3. Liz _______ (get up) at 6 o’clock every morning.
4. In the summer, John often______ (play) tennis once or twice a week
5. What time you usually______ (get) home after work?
6. The swimming pool _____ (open) at 9:00 and_____ (close) at 6:30 every day.
7. Every year I_____ (visit) Britain to improve my English.
8. In the United State, elementary education is compulsory. All children____ (study) six
years of elementary school.
9. I_____ (not feel like)going to the library to study this afternoon.
10. American people usually ____ (have) their biggest meal in the evening.
11. -Can you tell me when the train for HCM city______ (leave)?
-In fifteen minutes. At 7.05.
12. Of course, you are Lisa, aren’t you? I _____ (recognize) you now.
13. I can see from what you say that your mornings are very busy! But what you_____
(do) in the afternoons?
14. Before our director____(come back),I____(want) to remind everyone that we should
not use the internet on personal purposes.
15. - Are you writing to him now?
 - Yes, I always____(write) to him on his birthday. You_____(want) to send any
message?
- Certainly.

Exercise 2:
1. It_____(rain) heavily now.
2. My brother_____(get) married next week.
3. He is late again. He always_____ (come) to class late.
4. She_____(take) the exam tomorrow.
5. Look! It____(get) dark. Hurry up! It____(rain) in a few minutes.
6. Please don't make so much noise. I______(work).
7. I_____(read) an interesting book at the moment. I will lend it to you when I've
finished it.
8. Sarah____(work) this week?-No, she is on vacation.
9. The population of the world____(rise) very fast.
10. I_____(work) on the project of reconstructing city at present.
11. She is on vacation in France. She_____(have) a great time and doesn't want to come
back.
12. Tom_____(look) for Ann. Do you know where she is?
13. I _____(think) of my mother, who has devoted her whole life to our family.
14. It is time we turned on the central heating. It_____ (get) colder every day.
15. - I_____(go) out to get an evening paper.
- But it____(rain).
-Why don't you wait till the rain stops?

Exercise 3:
1. She_____(learn) English for three years.
2. I'm hungry. I _____ (not eat) anything since breakfast.
3. He never____(drive) a car before.
4. We_____(know) each other since we were at high school.
5. Everything is going well. We_____ (not have) any problem so far.
6. I_____(drink) four cups of coffee today.
7. John_____(live) in Denver since 2017.
8. - You ever_____(climb) Mount Everest?
- No, I haven't. But I'm sure I will, if I have a chance.
9. It is nice to see you again. We______(not see) each other for a long time.
10. I_____(forget) my key. I can't unlock the door now.
11. Eric is calling his girlfriend again. That is the third time he______(call) her this
evening.
12. The police_____(arrest) two men in connection with the robbery.
13. Susan really loves that film. She______(see) it eight times!
14. You already______(read) the book? What do you think?
 15. I_____(not go) to a zoo before. It is a nice feeling to go somewhere you
never______(be) before.

Exercise 4
1. He____(wait) all the morning.
2. Richard_____(do) the same job for 20 years.
3. I____(study) English for six months.
4. Mike____(work) in Las Vegas for the last few months.
5. It_____(rain) since lunchtime.
6. Helen_____(read) this book for three days.
7. Kevin_____(look) for a job since he finished school.
8. I'm tired of waiting. I_____ (sit) here for one hour.
9. He is exhausted because he_____(work) continuously for more than twelve hours.
10. She_____(sleep) for 10 hours! You must wake her.
11. He_____(read) this book for two hours, but he hasn't finished it yet.
12. That boy_____(wait) for the bus for half an hour. Shall I tell him that the last bus has
already gone?
13. They_____(argue) very excitedly all this time. Shall I come and interrupt them?
14. What have you done with my bag? I____(look) for it for an hour and I haven't found
it yet.
15. I_____(think) over what you said since yesterday.

Exercise 5:

1.We can go out now. It______anymore.

A. isn’t raining
B. rains
C. has rained
D. has been raining
2. What______in your spare time? Do you have any hobbies?
A. have you done
B. are you doing
C. do you do
D. have you been doing
3. Mary usually_____me on Fridays, but she didn't call last Friday.
A. have been calling
B. calls
C. is calling
D. have called
4. I_____hungry. Let's have something to eat.
A. am feeling
B. have felt
C. feel
 D. have been feeling
5. What is that noise? What______?
A. have been happening
B. is happening
C. have happened
D. had happened
6. It's usually dry here at this time of the year. It________much.
A. isn't raining
B. hasn't rained
C. hasn't been raining
D. doesn't rain
7. Look! That man over there______the same sweater as you. ¥
A. has worn
B. is wearing
C. wears
D. have been wearing
8. I wonder why Jim________so nice to me today. He isn't usually like that.
A. is being
B. have been
C. is
D. have being
9. Mary wasn't happy with her new job at first, but she________ _to like it now.
A. begins
B. have begun
C. is beginning
D. have been beginning
10. This is a nice restaurant, isn't it? Is this the first time you______here?
A. are
B. have been
C. are being
D. have being
11. I need a new job. I__________the same job for too long.
A. are doing
B. have done
C. have been doing
D. do
12. “You look tired". "Yes, I________basketball".
A. plays
B. is playing
C. have played
D. have been playing
13. I would like to see Tina again. It's been a long time
A. that I didn't see her
B. for I didn't see her
 C. since I saw her
D. until I saw her
14. Bod and Alice have been married__________
A. that 20 years
B. since 20 years
C. when 20 years
D. for 20 years
15. - I am looking for Paul. You_________him?
- Yes, he was here a minute ago.
A. Have - seen
B. Did - see
C. Do - see
D. Is - seeing
16. Unless she________extra, she will not complete the work.
A. is paying
B. have been paying
C. pays
D. is paid
17. The house at the end of the street which_______empty for years has been sold.
A. is
B. have been
C. is being
D. has been
18. All right, you'll try to fix the television! But I________you know what you're doing.
A. hope
B. have hoped
C. is hoping
D. have been hoping
19. Who_______ at the door?
A. knock
B. is knocking
C. have been knocking
D. have knocked
20. How long it__________you to get to the library?
A. does - take
B. have - taken
C. is - taking
D. have - been taking
21. Many girls want to go to the pub while only a minority________ to watch TV at home
now.
A. is wanting
B. want
C. will want
D. wants
22. They've faxed me I should stay till they____a replacement. Well, last time it took two
weeks.
A. found
B. will find
C. find
D. had found
23. Let's have some tea. It_________chilly.
A. gets
B. is getting
C. have gotten
D. have been getting
24. Don't talk to him while he___________
A. have been reading
B. reads
C. is reading
D. have read
25. Ann wants to see you. You________here for ages!
A. have been
B. are
C. had been
D. are being
26. - Your house is very beautiful. How long you________here?
- Nearly ten years.
A. did - live
B. have - been living
C. do - live
D. is - living
27. I_______to the movies for ages. We used to go a lot.
A. haven't gone
B. didn't go
C. isn't going
D. hadn't gone
28. Why are you putting on your coat? You_________out?
A. Do - go
B. Have - gone
C. Had - gone
D. Are - going
29. Look! That plane_______toward the airport. It is going to land.
A. flies
B. have flown
C. is flying
D. will fly
30. Ann is very tired. She_____tennis for three hours.
A. is playing
B. will play
C. plays
D. has been playing
31. He works in a bank, but he________it very much.
A. doesn't enjoy
B. haven't enjoyed
C. didn't enjoy
D. hadn't enjoyed
32. I_______well lately. Maybe I should go to the doctor.
A. didn't feel
B. won't feel
C. haven't been feeling
D. am not feeling
33. I________my homework for two hours, but I_______yet.
A. have done - haven't finished
B. is doing - isn't finishing
C. will do - will not finish
D. have been doing - haven't finished
34. Let's take our travel chess set in case we_________bored on the train.
A. get
B. are getting
C. got
D. have got
35. We________get in touch with our customers by post.
A. recently
B. hardly
C. lately
D. latterly
36. We have been married_________
A. over twenty years
B. over twenty years ago
C. for over twenty years
D. since over twenty years
37. Melanie_________her hand. It's bleeding heavily.
A. has cut
B. is cutting
C. cut
D. cuts
38. "When will Mary be able to leave hospital?" _ "Don't be so impatient.
We cannot release her before we________the last test."
 A. have completed
B. will have completed
C. will complete
D. completed
39. The Amazon River________into the Atlantic Ocean.
A. flows
B. has flowed
C. is flowing
D. will flow
40. My parents live in London. They________there all their lives.
A. are living
B. had lived
C. have lived
D. will live
41. Where have you been? I_______for you for the last half hour.
A. am looking
B. have been looking
C. will be looking
D. look
42. My brother is an actor. He_________in several movies.
A. appeared
B. had appeared
C. has appeared
D. appears
43. Please don't bother him now. He________
A. is working
B. has been working
C. had been working
D. was working
44. I________an interesting book at the moment. I will lend it to you when I_______it.
A. am reading - have finished
B. read - am finishing
C. have read - am finishing
D. read - will finish
45. Ha never_______fishing in the winter but she always in the summer.
A. goes - does
B. has gone - done
C. go - do
D. was gone - done
46. We can win only if we remain united, so we must support them the moment they_____ on
strike.
A. will have gone
B. will go
C. go
 D. went
47. I am sorry. I____________that fellow's name already.
A. forgot
B. have forgotten
C. have been forgetting
D. forget
48. It usually______ very much in that part of the United States.
A. is raining
B. rained
C. rains
D. have rained
49. Look! A man_______after the train. He wants to catch it.
A. runs
B. have been running
C. will run
D. is running

TEST 1
1. Hoang __________his email four times a week in order not to miss anything
important.
A. checks
B. will check
C. is checking
D. check
2. Nowadays, people________social networks with more and more caution.
A. uses
B. are using
C. used
D. use
3. At the moment, my sister_____her homework, my brother______games.
A. is making-is playing
B. is doing-is playing
C. does-plays
D. makes-is playing
4. It’s 7.00 p.m. now and we______meal together. We usually_____dinner at that time.
A. have-eat
B. have-are eating
C. are having-eat
D. are having-are eating
5. I______a bike to school every day but today I____to school by bus because it was
stolen yesterday.
A. rode-went
B. ride-am going
C. ride-go
D. is riding-am going
6. That Hoa_____in class affects other students around.
A. always talk
B. is always talking
C. always talk
D. always talking
7. Hoang and Phong ____football as they're having class now.
A. don’t play
B. are playing
C. doesn’t play
D. aren’t playing
8. Hoa usually_____charge of doing the washing-up in her family.
A. takes
B. is taking
C. take
D. will take
9. Our friends_____for the fashion show now.
A. is preparing
B. are preparing
C. prepares
D. prepare
10. All staff in this restaurant____an urgent meeting right now.
A. is attending
B. are attending
C. attends
D. attend
11. After the physics lesson, the children know that water _____ at 100 degrees C.
A. will boil
B. is boiling
C. boils
D. boil
12. My mom_____to the supermarket every Sunday for shopping
13. Look! Minh_____on stage. She looks so beautiful.
A. sings
B. are singing
C. is singing
D. sang
14. Bich sometimes_____ chicken noodle soup for breakfast.
A. are having
B. is having
C. have
D. has
15. Who_____the guitar in that room, Hoa?
A. playing
B. is playing
C. play
D. plays
16. Jenny often______jeans and T-shirt at school but she____a gorgeous dress today.
A. wears-is wearing
B. is wearing-wears
C. wear-is wearing
D. wears-wears
17. First thing in the morning, I_____ a cup of milk tea.
A. has
B. am having
C. have
D. will have
18. Ms. Kim______very well when she's under pressure.
A. not work
B. don’t work
C. isn’t working
D. doesn’t work
19. I'm sorry. Lan is busy now. She____ her document on the second floor.
A. are checking
B. check
C. checks
D. is checking
20. Hurry up, Linh. Other friends_____for us.
A. are waiting
B. waits
C. wait
D. is waiting
21. My clothes are not in the room. They_____them away.
A. take
B. have taken
C. took
D. are taking
22. She_____ for 10 hours! You must wake her up.
A. sleeps
B. is sleeping
C. has been sleeping
D. slept
23. David_____the TV set at the moment. He____at it for one hour or so.
A. is repairing-has worked
B. repairs-has been working
C. has repaired-has been working
D. repairs/worked
24. David____his hand. He just _____the TV set.
A. washes/has just repaired
B. is washing/has just been repairing
C. is washing/ has just repaired
D. has washed/ has just repaired
25. Why ______? ____ you his anecdotes?
A. are you laughing/ has Jim told
B. are you laughing/has Jim been telling
C. have you laughed/ has Jim told
D. have you laughed/ has Jim been telling