CROP AND LABOUR AND PRODUCTIVITY CONSUMPTION METHODS AND

LIVESTOCK CAPITAL INTENSITY PATTERN OF TECHNIQUES USED

ASSOCIATION PRODUCTION
SHIFTING Paddy(Asia) Labour intensive Very low Self consumption Primitive tech…
CULTIVATION Tropica(Africa) Family involve Very low input Limited surplus for Slash and burn
Hunting & used labour exchange agriculture
gathering
INTENSIVE Tripple rice Highly labour Low Self consumption Transplantation
SUBSISTENCE cropping intensive Low input used Limited surplus for method:- Rice
WITH PADDY Rice-Gram- High population Traditional seeds market shapling in nurseries
DOMINANCE Oilseed(crop density then planted into
rotation) feilds
Auaculture
COMMERCIAL Highly specialized Highly mechanized Very high Mainly market Modern techniques
GRAIN FARMING in grain Low population HYV seeds, oriented farming No need for fallowing
Corn and Wheat Capital intensive fertilizers Bread basket of the
World
COMMERCIAL Specialized in Highly mechanized Very high Market oriented Thechnology
DAIRYING keeping Low population Finest breeds of Raw milk is intensive:-
FARMING livestocks Capital intensive cattles converted into milk BENELUX+Newzealan
High breed Good Pasture products d
cattles lands available Private companies:-
USA+Switzerland

NOMADIC Ecological Labour intensive Negligible Self consumption Seasonal movement

HERDING herding with sparse production Declining type of Animal grazing
Animal grazing on population agriculture Transhumance
natural pasture
land
LIVESTOCK Specialized in Capital intensive Very high Market oriented Mechanized farming
RANCHING animal husbandry Individually Grazing supports Meat production No migration
operated animal food from animals
RUDIMENTARY Crops rotation Labour intensive Very high Market oriented Technology
TILLAGE practice> field Mechanized HYV seeds
rotation practice
INTENSIVE Wheat, soya Highly labour Low production Rarely surplus Primarily worked by
SUBSISTENCE bean, barley, intensive Frequent crop production for manpower
WITHOUT PADDY sorghum failures and market
DOMINANCE famines
COMMERCIAL Specialized Capital intensive Very high Market oriented Modern methods of
PLANTATION production of Thinly popula… Foreigh farming farming
plantation crops Unskilled labour ownership and
local labours
MEDITERRANEAN Specialized in Capital intensive Very high Fully market Modern technology
AGRICULTURE wine tree crops Well developed oriented Artificial irrigation
Small livestock irrigation system during dry summer
herding
COMMERCIAL Mixed farming of Highly capital Very high Market oriented Modern technology
LIVESTOCK AND crops and intensive Use of HYV seeds Machinery
CROP FARMING livestocks Skilled experts
Cereal is fed for
feeding
SUBSISTENCE Crops:- Wheat, Highly labour Poor quality Self consumption Traditional way of
CROPS AND Maize, Barley intensive seeds and farming
LIVESTOCK Animal:- sheep, Own subsistence Poorly
FARMING Goat husbanded
animals
SPECIALIZED Specialized in Very intensively Optimum yeilds Market oriented Modern technology
HORTICULTURE vegetables, fruits cultivated Communication links
and flowers with consumption
centers