RESEARCH IN DAILY LIFE 2

MODULE 2: RESEARCH VARIABLES

Variable- refers to a characteristic, attribute, or a quality of a group, individual, phenomenon, or a quantity

that can be measured or observed. According to Kerlinger (as cited in Singh, 2006), “Variable is a property that
take on different value.”

Independent variables- are those that (probably) cause influence or affect outcomes.

Dependent variables- are those that depend on the independent variable. These variables are the outcomes
or the results of the influence of the independent variables.

Mediating variables- or intervening variables, stand in between the independent and dependent variables.
These variables might explain why a certain independent variable has the effect that it does on a dependent

variable.

Moderating variables- are

independent variables
that affect the direction and/or
the strength of the
relationship between the
independent and
dependent variables.