4.

Viết lại câu với câu bị động

Câu chủ động S1 V O

Câu bị động S2 TO BE PII

They planted a tree in the garden. (Họ đã trồng một cái cây ở trong vườn.)
S1 V O
➤ A tree was planted in the garden (by them). (Một cái cây được trồng ở trong vườn (bởi họ).) Lưu
ý: “By them” có thể bỏ đi trong câu.
S2 be V (PII)

Công thức chuyển câu chủ động sang câu bị động

Thì Chủ động Bị động

Hiện tại đơn S + V(s/es) + O S + am/is/are + P2

Hiện tại tiếp diễn S + am/is/are + V-ing + O S + am/is/are + being + P2

Hiện tại hoàn S + have/has + P2 + O S + have/has + been + P2

thành

Quá khứ đơn S + V(ed/Ps) + O S + was/were + P2

Quá khứ tiếp diễn S + was/were + V-ing + O S + was/were + being + P2

Quá khứ hoàn S + had + P2 + O S + had + been + P2

thành

Tương lai đơn S + will + V-infi + O S + will + be + P2

Tương lai hoàn S + will + have + P2 + O S + will + have + been + P2

thành

Tương lai gần S + am/is/are going to + V-infi + S + am/is/are going to + be + P2

O

Động từ khuyết S + ĐTKT + V-infi + O S + ĐTKT + be + P2

thiếu
Practice 1. Chuyển sang bị động các câu sau
1. My father waters this flower every morning.
2. John invited Fiona to his birthday party last night.
3. Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen.
4. We should clean our teeth twice a day.
5. Our teachers have explained the English grammar.
6. Some drunk drivers caused the accident in this city.
7. Tom will visit his parents next month.
8. The manager didn’t phone the secretary this morning.
9. Did Mary buy this beautiful dress?
10. I won’t hang these old pictures in the living room.
11. The German didn’t build this factory during the Second World War.
12. The Greens are going to paint this house and these cars for Christmas Day.
13. Ann had fed the cats before she went to the cinema.
14. The students have discussed the pollution problems since last week.
15. Have the thieves stolen the most valuable painting in the national museum?
16. Some people will interview the new president on TV.
17. How many languages do they speak in Canada?
18. Are you going to repair those shoes?
19. He has broken his nose in a football match.
20. Have you finished the above sentences?
21. When will you do the work?
22. How are you going to deal with this problem?
23. How do you spend this amount of money?
24. I wonder whether the board of directors will choose Susan or Jane for the position.
25. How did the police find the lost man?

Practice 2
Bài 1: Chuyển câu sau sang câu bị động dạng đặc biệt
1. John gets his sister to clean his shirt.
2. Anne had had a friend type her composition.
3. Rick will have a barber cut his hair.
4. They had the police arrest the shoplifter.
5. Are you going to have the shoemaker repair your shoes?
6. I must have the dentist check my teeth.
7. She will have Peter wash her car tomorrow.
8. They have her tell the story again.

Bài 2: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc

1. Toshico had her car (repair) .............. by a mechanic.
2. Ellen got Marvin (type) ..................her paper.
3. We got our house (paint) .................. last week.
4. Dr Byrd is having the students (write ) ................... a composition.
5. Mark got his transcripts (send)................... to the university.
6. Maria is having her hair (cut) ......................... tomorrow.
7. Will Mr. Brown have the porter (carry)...........................his luggage to his car?
5. Viết lại câu với
Let sb DO st
 Allow sb TO DO st
 permit SB TO do st
 can do sth
Some people let their kids do whatever they like. (allow/ permit/ can)
Some people ALLOW their kids TO DO whatever they like.
Some kids can do whatever they like

1.They won't let us enter the garden

They won’t allow us to enter the garden
They won’t permit us to enter the garden
We can’t enter the garden
2. My mum only let me watch three hours of television a week.
MY mum allows/ permits us to watch three hours of TV a week
We can watch three hours of TV a week

6. Viết lại câu với cấp so sánh

Cao nhất  cao hơn
Cao hơn  cao hơn
Cao nhất  phủ định + ngang bằng

Dung is the fastest runner in the class

 Dung runs fastest in the class
 No one in the class can run faster than Dung
 No one in the class can run as fast as Dung

Practice
Bài 1. Viết lại các câu sau bắt đầu bằng từ cho trước sao cho nghĩa không thay đổi.
1. This is the most delicious cake I've ever tasted.
=> I've................................
2. I've never met any more dependable person than George.
=> George is..............................
3. There isn't anybody as kind-hearted as your mother.
=> Your mother is........................
4. There is no better teacher in this school than Mr John.
=> Mr John is...................................
5. Have you got any bigger than that one?
=> Is this.......................................?

Bài 2
1. My house is bigger than your house.
=> Your house is......................
2. The black car is cheaper than the red car.
=> The red car_____________
3. This film is more interesting than that one.
=> That film is_____________
4. My kitchen is smaller than yours.
=> Your kitchen________________
5. My grandmother is older than every one in my family.
=> My grandmother is the________
6. No one in my class is as tall as Tam.
=> Tam is the____________________
7. I can't cook as well as my mother.
=> My mother can cook____________
8. He does not play tennis as well as Jack.
=> Jack can___________________
9. I did not spend as much money as you.
=> You spent___________________
10. I don't think this book is expensive as it is.
=> This book is____________
11. He is the tallest boy in his class.
=> No one in_______________
12. This is the most interesting film of all.
=> No other films are_____________
13. No cars in the world are more expensive than Japanese ones.
=> Japanese cars _____
14. This exercise is easier than that one.
=> That exercise is not_________
15. He drives more carefully than Jack does.
=> Jack_____________
16. No one in the group plays better than he.
=> He can___________________
17. No hotel in the city is as comfortable as this.
=> This hotel is the _______
18. Other oceans in the world aren't as large as the Pacific one.
=> The Pacific Ocean is ______

7. VIết lại câu với

IT is/ was ADJ TO DO ST
 DOING sth is/ was ADJ
 It is/ was ADJ (for sb) TO DO st
 Sb find/found it ADJ TO DO st

It is important for him to tell his wife the truth.

Telling his wife the truth is important for him.
He finds it important to tell his wife the truth

Practice
1. His question is easy to answer for me.
It __________________________________________
I __________________________________________
Answering __________________________________
2.His handwriting is difficult to read for the teacher.
It __________________________________________
Reading ________________________________________
The teacher _____________________________________
3.This house is convenient to live in for the customers .
It _________________________________________
Living _________________________________________
The customers _________________________________________
4.That ladder is very safe to use for the children.
It _________________________________________
Using _________________________________________
The children ___________________________________________
5.These films are very interesting to watch for all TV viewers
It _________________________________________
TV viewers _________________________________________
Watching _________________________________________
6. It's exciting for us to be here.
Being _________________________________________
We _________________________________________
7. Putting on your lab coat is a good idea for all of us.
We _________________________________________
It _________________________________________
8. Having you here is a pleasure for everyone.
It _________________________________________
Everyone _________________________________________
9. Working in this lab is an honor for all scientists.
All scientists _________________________________________
It __is an honour for all scientist to work in this lab_________________
10. It is important for you to be careful at all times.
You _________________________________________
Being _________________________________________

8. Viết lại câu với so.. that/ such .. that

S1 + to be + SO adj THAT S2+ V2  It to be SUCH – ADJ- S1 THAT S2+ V2

The car is so expensive that I can’t buy it.

It is such an expensive car that I can’t buy it

Practice

1. It was very cold. We had to stop the game. ( so ….. that/ such ……. that)
It was so _________________________________________
It was such _________________________________________
 2. He is terribly rich. He can afford to buy almost anything (so … that/ such ….that)
He is so _________________________________________
He is such _________________________________________
3. James Browns started work for this company in 1980
James Browns has __________________________________________
4. The speech was really long. Everybody was bored. (so that/ such that)
The speech was so _________________________________________
It was such _________________________________________
5. Skiing was a good experience. I decided to do it again (such…. that)
Skiing was such _________________________________________
6. She has got an excellent English accent. Everybody thinks she is British. (so…. that/ such
…. that)
Her English accent was so _________________________________________
She has such _________________________________________
7. Thailand has got beautiful temples. Millions of tourist go there every year (so ….that/
such…. that)
Thailand has got such _________________________________________
Temples in Thailand are so _________________________________________
8. This book is good I can’t put it down. (so … that/ such … that)
This book is so _________________________________________
It is such a _________________________________________
9. He eats much food and he is getting really fat. (such … that/ so … that)
He eats such _________________________________________
He eats so _________________________________________
10. She buys many magazines and she cannot read them all. (so … that/ such …. that)
She buys such _________________________________________
She buys so _________________________________________
11. Nadal has got much money, and he can buy whatever he wants (such … that).
Nadal has got _________________________________________
12. I have many exercises and I can hardly finish them all. (such … that)
I have such _________________________________________

9. Viết lại câu với enough và too

Enough + Noun: enough time
Adj + enough: good enough
Too + adj

TOO ADJ  NOT (phủ định của ADJ) ENOUGH

The boy is TOO SHORT to reach the shelf.

The boy is NOT TALL ENOUGH to reach the shelf

Practice
Bài 1
1. She is too old to walk by herself.
She __________________________________________
2. The boy is too lazy to pass the exams.
The boy _________________________________________
3. The house isn’t large enough for eight people to live in.
The house _________________________________________
4. The story not interesting enough for the children to read it again.
The story is _________________________________________
5. The news was so bad that she burst into tears on hearing it.
It was _________________________________________
6. The food was so hot that it burnt my tongue.
It was _________________________________________
7. There is so much rain that we can't go out.
There is _________________________________________
8. The boy is so fat that everyone calls him Stuffy.
He is _________________________________________

Bài 2.
1. The film was not good enough for us to see through.
The film was_________________________________________….
2. The play was not amusing enough for them to enjoyed.
The play was_________________________________________
3. The children were too late to see the display of fireworks.
The children _________________________________________
4. Your brother is too young to go swimming.
He is_________________________________________
5. The room is so tidy that it took us one hour to clean it.
It is _________________________________________
6. The man is so fool that no one took any notice of him.
He is _________________________________________
7. Itis such a long film that they can't broadcast it on one night.
The film is _________________________________________
5. They are such interesting books that we have read them many times.
The books _________________________________________

10. Câu điều kiện

ấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 1
A. Loại 1
Dùng để diễn tả những hành động sự việc chỉ xảy ra ở thì hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
Cấu trúc: If + S + Verb (thì hiện tại), S + will (can, may) + Verb (nguyên mẫu)
E.g: If it is rain, we will cancel the meeting concert. (Nếu trời mưa, chúng tôi sẽ hủy buổi hòa nhạc)

B. loại 2
Dùng để diễn tả những ước muốn, mong cầu cái mà khó có thể xảy ra ở thực tại (hiện tại) hoặc
tương lai.
Cấu trúc: If + S + Verb (quá khứ), S +would (could, might) + Verb (nguyên mẫu)
Lưu ý: Nếu Verb ở vế “if” là động từ tobe thì luôn sử dụng “were” (không được sử dụng “was”)
E.g: If I had a lot of money, I would buy lots of designer clothes and bags
(Nếu tôi có nhiều tiền, tôi sẽ mua thật nhiều những quần áo và túi xách hàng hiệu)

C. loại 3
Dùng để diễn tả những sự kiện, tình huống đã không thể xảy ra ở trong quá khứ.
Cấu trúc: If + S + had + V3/ed, S + would (could, might) + have + V3/ed
E.g: If you had not come to the meeting yesterday, you would have met our foreign boss.
(Nếu hôm qua anh không đến buổi họp trễ, thì anh đã được gặp vị sếp nước ngoài của công ty
chúng ta)

Practice . Viết lại các câu sau theo cấu trúc câu điều kiện
1. She cannot cook because she feels very tired today.
2. He was so timid in love, so he lost her.
3. Jane helps me survey the market, so I plan to share a commission with her.
4. You cannot understand me because you are a rich man.
5. Tim drinks too much alcohol every day, that’s why he is hospitalized for treatment.
6. Kate likes K-pop music, so she spends the money to buy tickets for the concert.
7. He has many beloved girls, that’s why he becomes so arrogant.
8. My health improves better because I exercise daily.
9. I didn’t eat dinner with everyone, so I feel very hungry now.
10. He got fired because he was too lazy.
11. Stay away from this place or I’ll report the area’s security.
12. You always complain about everything that happens in your life, that’s why I never want to
work in a team with you.
13. Follow the instructions or you will ruin everything.
14. People will not go camping in this stormy weather.
15. I love art, that’s why I organized this exhibition.

D. Unless = If (phủ định)

Practice
Loại 1
.If you don't study harder, you 'll get bad marks.
=> Unless _________________________________________
2.Unless this man is a driver, he can’t help you move by car.
...If _________________________________________
3. If he doesn't practice writing every day, he can't improve his writing skill.
=> Unless _________________________________________
4. Unless you return this book to the library today, you’ll have to pay a fine.
=> If _________________________________________
5. Unless you go out more often, you might fall ill.
=> If _________________________________________
6. If you are absent from school, you have to write a sick-note.
=> Unless _________________________________________.
7. Unless the seas is warmer, the ice at the North and South pole will not melt.
=> If _________________________________________
CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 2:
1. Unless they were absent now, they would meet the head master.
=> If _________________________________________
2. Unless he cleaned up the car now, his boss could ask him to do this.
=> If _________________________________________
3. If I didn’t know the number, I would not ring her up.
=> Unless _________________________________________
4. If Peter didn’t study hard, he could noy get good marks.
=> Unless _________________________________________
5. If my sister didn’t have a terrible headache she wouldn’t be absent from her class.
=> Unless _________________________________________.
6.Unless he refused everything, he would lose his family.
... If _________________________________________
7.Unless I saved my money, someone would take it.
...... If _________________________________________

CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 3:

1. Unless you had stayed at home yesterday, you wouldn’t have enjoyed a delicious meal.
=> If _________________________________________.
2. Unless he had been busy last night, he could have met his friends.
=> If _________________________________________.
3. If she hadn’t missed the bus, she wouldn’t have been late.
=> Unless _________________________________________
4. If he hadn’t been angry, he would have say something.
=> Unless _________________________________________...
5. If he hadn’t had time, he wouldn’t have read this novel.
=> Unless _________________________________________
6.Unless they had been on the phone last night, they couldn’t have known the big secrets.
...If _________________________________________..