THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG

I. CÁCH CHUYỂN ĐỔI TỪ CÂU CHỦ ĐỘNG SANG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG

Ex: Active: Susan wrote a letter.

Passive:A letter was written by Susan.

Active: He has bought some books.

Passive: Some books have been bought (by him).
II. CÁCH CHUYỂN ĐỔI HÌNH THỨC ĐỘNG TỪ CỦA MỘT SỐ THÌ

TENSES ACTIVE FORM PASSIVE FORM

Simple present V1 / Vs(es) Am / is / are + P.P

Present continuous Am / is / are + V-ing Am / is / are + being + P.P

Present perfect Has / have + P.P Has / have + been + P.P

Simple past V2 / V-ed Was / were + P.P

Past continuous Was / were + V-ing Was / were + being + P.P

Past perfect Had + P.P Had + been + P.P

Simple future Will / shall + V0 Will / shall + be + P.P

Future perfect Will/ shall + have + Will / shall + have + been +

 P.P P.P

Ex: 1. People speak English all over the world. → English is spoken all over the world.

They built the museum in 1990. → The museum was built in 1990.

2. Ann is washing the clothes. → The clothes are being washed by Ann.
3. We have watched this film several times. → This film has been watched several
times.
4. She will give us another chance.→ We will be given another chance.
5. They had made an announcement before I came.→ An announcement had been made
before I came.

Note:

– Nếu tân ngữ trong câu bị động chỉ sự vật, sự việc thì ta dùng giới từ with thay by
Ex: Smoke filled the room. → The room was filled with smoke.

– Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn đứng trước by + O; trạng từ chỉ thời gian đứng sau by + O

III. CÁC DẠNG KHÁC TRONG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG

1. Dạng động từ khiếm khuyết (Modal verbs)

Modal verbs (can / may / should / ought to…) + be + P.P

Ex: We should encourage her to take that job.

→ She should be encouraged to take that job.

They ought to send us the application form.

→ The application form ought to be sent to us.

2. Dạng câu có 2 túc từ

S + V + Indirect O + Direct O
Cách 1: S + be + P.P + Direct O + by O
Ex: My brother has bought me some English books.

S V In.O D.O
→ I have been bought some English books by my brother.

Cách 2: S + be + P.P + to / for + Indirect O + by O

Ex: My brother has bought me some English books.
→ Some English books have been bought for me by my brother.

My friend told me an interesting story

→ An interesting story was told to me by my friend.

Note:
– Các động từ thường đi với giới từ to là: give, send, show, lend, promise,
hand, pay, read, throw, wish, offer, …
– Các động từ thường đi với giới từ for là: buy, get, make, do, leave, save, …

3. Dạng động từ chỉ ý kiến:say, think, report, believe, rumour, …

Active: S + say / think + that + S2 + V2 + O2 …
Passive: – It + is / was + said / thought … + that + S2 + V2 + O2 …

– S2 + is / was/ are … + said / thought … + to-inf … (hành động trong 2 mệnh đề

xảy ra đồng thời hoặc hành động 2 xảy ra sau)

– S2 + is / was/ are … + said / thought … + to have + V3 (hành động 2

xảy ra trước)
– S2 + is / was/ are … + said / thought … + to be + V-ing (hành động 2
dùng thì tiếp diễn)
Ex: People said that he had left. Ex: They said that John was living in
→ It was said that he had left. London.
→ He was said to have left. → It was said that John was living in
London.
Ex: They think he is a good doctor.
→ John was said to be living in
→ It is thought that he is a good doctor
London.
→ He is thought to be a good doctor.
Ex: They expect that the price of oil will go down next month.
→ It is expected that the price of oil will go down next month.
→ The price of oil is expected to go down next month.

I. Change the following sentences into the passive. (Chuyển các câu sau sang
bị động)
1. People grow rice in many countries in the world.
-> Rice ______________________________________
2. Graham Bell invented the telephone many years ago.
-> The telephone ______________________________
3. They have used this car for many years.
-> This car ___________________________________
4. Lan practices English every day.
-> English ____________________________________
5. They will take the garbage out of the city.
-> The garbage _____________________________
6. Mary sent me this letter two days ago.
-> I _________________________________________
7. People make compost from vegetables.
-> Compost ____________________________________
8. You must finish this work before Sunday.
-> This work _____________________________________
9. She hasn't used this bicycle for a long time.
-> This bicycle __________________________________
10. I saw a strange man in my garden yesterday.
-> A strange man _______________________________
II. Use the suggested words to make complete sentences, using the passive.
1. This car / make / Japan / ten years ago.
_______________________________________________
2. The rice / separate / the husk .
_____________________________________________
3. The next meeting / will / hold / Chicago / next month.
_______________________________________________
4. This room / not / use / for years.
_______________________________________________
5. The answers / must / write / the blackboard.
_______________________________________________
6. Kieu Story / write / Nguyen Du.
_______________________________________________
7. Our teeth / should / clean / everyday.
_______________________________________________
8. Three languages / speak / Malaysia / nowadays.
_______________________________________________
9. Rice / eat / by Vietnamese people / everyday.
_________________________________________________
10. This building / build / by French people / many years ago.
__________________________________________________
III. Choose the correct answer.
1. We can’t go along here because the road……………………
A. is repairing B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. repairs
2. The story I’ve just read……………….Agatha Christie
A. was written B. was written by C. was written from D. wrote by
3. I’m going to go out and………………………………………….
A. have cut my hair B. have my hair cut
C. cut my hair D. my hair be cut
4. Something funny ………………………in class yesterday
A. happened B. was happened C. happens D. is happened
5. Many US automobiles……………………in Detroit, Michigan
A. manufacture B. have manufactured
C. are manufactured D.are manufacturing
6. A lot of pesticide residue can…………………………………..unwashed produce
A. find B. found C. be finding D. be found
7. We………………by a loud noise during the night
A. woke up B. are woken up C. were woken up D. were waking up
8. Some film stars……………….difficult to work with
A. are said be B. are said to be C. say to be D. said to be
9. Why did Tom keep making jokes about me?
– I don’t enjoy……………………at
A. be laughed B. to be laughed C. laughing D.being laughed
10. Today, many serious childhood diseases………………………by early
immunization
A. are preventing B. can prevent C. prevent D. can be prevented
11. Do you get your heating……………………..every year?
A. checking B. check C. be checked D. checked
12. Bicycles…………………..in the driveway
A. must not leave B. must not be leaving
C. must not be left D. must not have left
13. Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony…………………..next weekend
A. is going to be performed B. has been performed
C. will be performing D. will have perform
14. All bottles………………………………..before transportation
A. frozen B. were froze C. were frozen D. are froze
15. ………………………………………..yet?
A. Have the letters been typed B. Have been the letters typed
C. Have the letters typed D. Had the letters typed
16. English has become a second language in countries like India, Nigeria or
Singapore where……………..for administration, broadcasting and education
A. is used B. it is used C. used D. being used
17. The telephones…………..by Alexander Graham Bell
A. is invented B. is inventing C. invented D. was invented
18. Lots of houses……………….by the earthquake
A. are destroying B. destroyed C. were destroyed D. is destroyed
19. Gold…………………….in California in the 19th century
A. was discovered B. has been discovered
C. was discover D. they discover
20. The preparation…………………..by the time the guest……………………….
A. had been finished- arrived B. have finished- arrived
C. had finished-were arriving D. have been finished- were arrived
21. The boy_____ by the teacher yesterday.
A. punish B. punished C. punishing D. was punished
22. “Ms Jones, please type those letters before noon”_ “They’ve already ______, sir.
They’re on your desk.”
A. typed B. been being typed C. being typed D. been typed
23. Sarah is wearing a blouse. It___________ of cotton.
A. be made B. are made C. is made D. made
24. They had a boy _______ that yesterday.
A. done B. to do C. did D. do
25. We got our mail ______ yesterday.
A. been delivered B. delivered C. delivering D. to deliver
26. James……..the news as soon as possible.
A. should tell B. should be told C. should told D. should
be telled
27. My wedding ring ______ yellow and white gold.
A. is made B. is making C. made D. make
28. Wilson is _______ as Willie to his friend.
A. known B. knew C. is known D. know
29. References _____ in the examination room.
A. not are used B. is not used C. didn’t used D. are not used
30. Laura ______ in Boston.
A. are born B. were born C. was born D. born