Experiment No: 07

Title of the Experiment: Relay Design using Simulink for three Phase Fault
detection.
Objective:
1. To develop Simulink based 1Ø or 3Ø line simulation and modelling.
2. To analyze the Fault current and design of protection relay.
Learning Outcome: After completing this experiment the students will be able to:
1. Understand the operation of relay with respect to fault current.
2. Realize the relay operating characteristics for different TSD value.
Theory:
Simulink is a block diagram environment for multi domain simulation and Model-
Based Design. It supports simulation, automatic code generation and continuous
testing and verification of embedded systems. Simulink provides a graphical editor,
customizable block libraries and solvers for modelling and simulating dynamic
systems. It is integrated with MATLAB ® , enabling user to incorporate MATLAB
algorithms into models and export simulation results to MATLAB for further
analysis.
Relay: A relay is an electrically operated switch. It consists of a set of input terminals
for a single or multiple control signals, and a set of operating contact terminals. The
switch may have any number of contacts in multiple contact forms, such as make
contacts, break contacts.
Three Phase Fault: The Electric Power System is divided into many different
sections. One of which is the transmission system, where power is transmitted from
generating stations and substations via transmission lines into consumers. Both
methods could encounter various types of malfunctions is usually referred to as a
“Fault”. Fault is simply defined as a number of undesirable but unavoidable
incidents can temporarily disturb the stable condition of the power system that
occurs when the insulation of the system fails at any point.
Relay design:
Procedure: At First we started the MathLAB software and then type”simulink” on
code editor. Then we created a new model project from the simulink library browser
menu. we took demux(3 outputports)+RMS (Elecgtrical)+relational operater
(>)condition. And we took two constant (initial value 0 & 2). Then we took 3 Flip
flops( S-R Flip Flop).Added logical operator (AND) and 3 terminator. Then we
connected commonly used blocks (data type conversion).lastly we connected scope
& input, output (1).
Then connected all the components according to the given figure -1.

Fig. 7.1: Schematic of Relay Design.

Simulation:
After completing the whole diagram, run this Math LAB Simulink file with respect
to a constant 30e3 which is the value of the fault current. Then see the outputs of
the relay from the data type conversion.
Discussion: The experiment focuses on designing a relay using Simulink for three-
phase fault detection. By simulating the relay in MATLAB's Simulink environment,
students can analyze its performance and understand its operation with respect to
fault currents. This hands-on exercise enhances their knowledge of protection
relays and their ability to model and simulate complex electrical systems.