See these videos and note down observations especially one for metal with oxygen and water

REATION OF METAL WITH air and COLD WATER

https://youtu.be/6ZY6d6jrq-0

REACTION OF METAL WITH ACID

https://youtu.be/zWPqCj2YayU
1
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 Group 1 Metals
Li Na K Rb Cs Fr
Cut with
knife
Air Li2 O Na2O K2O Rb2O Cs2O
Oxygen Surface tarnishes quickly as we move down the group

• Gas evolved • • • •
Cold
Gas evolved Gas evolved Gas evolved Gas evolved
• Metal floats • Catches fire • Catches fire • Catches fire
• Metal floats • Darts on the • Burns with lilac • Catches fire and • Catches fire and
water at the
surface
surface
vigorously •
flame
More vigorous
splash out from
the container •
broke the vessel
Highly voilent
• Darts on the • Violent reaction
surface

2 Li(s) + 2H2O (l)cold 2LiOH (aq) + H2 (g)

2 Li(s) + 2H2O (l)cold 2 Li+(aq)+ 2OH1-(aq)+ H2 (g)
2

ALKALINE SOLUTION
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 Mostly used metal Metals are arranged in a series, in which
most reactive metal is placed at the top and the least
reactive metal is placed at the bottom ,On the basis of
different experiments.
3
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 Name of metal

Name of metal Reaction with cold water

Potassium K
Sodium Na
Calcium Ca
Magnesium Mg
Aluminium Al
Zinc Zn
No reaction with
Iron Fe
Tin
Lead
Sn
Pb
Cold water
Copper Cu
Mercury Hg
Silver Ag
Gold Au
4

Platinum Pt
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 Name of metal

Name of metal Reaction with STEAM

Potassium K UNSAFE TO REACT
Sodium Na VERY VOILENT REACTION
Calcium Ca
Magnesium Mg
Aluminium Al
Zinc Zn

Iron Fe
Tin Sn
Lead Pb

Copper Cu
Mercury Hg
Silver Ag
Gold Au
5
Page

Platinum Pt

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 https://youtu.be/YPK5gen8Fyc
6
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 Reaction with cold water Reaction with steam

K Unsafe to react
K
Na
Na
Ca
ca
Mg Mg (s) + H2O (l) cold Mg(OH)2(aq) + H2(g) Mg (s) + H2O (g) steam MgO(s) + H2(g)
White powder

Zn
Yellow

Fe
Pb
7

Cu
Page

Ag
Designed by: Asia Khawar
 2K +O2 K2O
2Na+O2 Na2O SOLUBLE
2Ca+O2 2CaO OXIDE

Mg +O2 MgO
4Al + 3O2 2 Al2O3
INSOLUBLE OXIDE
LAYER
8
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 Apparent lack of reactivity is due to insoluble oxide layer in beaker 1
And in beaker 2 reaction can be seen due to removal of aluminium oxide layer by
scratching the surface

Beaker 1
Al Beaker 2

INSOLUBLE

OXIDE LAYER Al2O3

Hydrochloric acid

6 HCl(aq) + 2 Al(s) 3 H2(g) + 2AlCl3(aq)

Scratched aluminium
9
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

10

Mercury
Page

Gold

platinium
Designed by: Asia Khawar
 Mg(s)+2HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)

Reactive metals have ability to displace less reactive metal ion from its
aqueous solution.
This is called displacement reaction .

Cu+ HCl(aq) no reaction

Copper is less reactive than Hydrogen
11
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 + 2+
Mg (s) +2H (aq) Mg ( aq)+H2
12
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 K Unsafe to react with acid

Na

Ca

Mg

Al

Zn

Fe dilute acid

Sn

Pb

Cu

Hg no reaction with dilute acid

Ag

Au
13

Pt
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

14
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 Extraction of metals
15
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

Name of metal
Potassium K Metal Most reactive metal are always found in nature in compound form.
Stable These metals are
oxide
Sodium Na In the form of ions K1+ difficult to extract from
Calcium Ca Most reactive metal can never be found in native form compound their compound (stable
compound)
Magnesium Mg
Aluminium Al Electrolysis

Carbon These metals can be extracted

from their oxides by Reduction
Zinc Zn Metal Metal oxide +carbon Oxide of carbon + Metal
with carbon
oxide
ZnO + C CO + Zn
Function of carbon here in this
Iron Fe Displacement reaction reaction it act as Reducing
Tin Sn agent
Redox Reaction
Lead Pb Reduction with Carbon
Hydrogen
Metal oxide +Hydrogen H2O + Metal less stable These metals can be extracted
Copper Cu Metal
compound can be from their oxides by Reduction
oxide Displacement reaction
Mercury Hg obtained by simply
with HYDROGEN

Silver Ag Redox Reaction heating their oxides

Gold Au They are found in nature in un combined form (native)

Platinum Pt
16
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 Extraction of iron
https://youtu.be/8sPYEClAb80
https://youtu.be/EmJ1RwGPkM0
https://youtu.be/NlAoaajyjpM
ACTUAL
https://youtu.be/i6BIyQJZdTg
17
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

18
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 ALL MATERIALS IS ADDED
FROM THE TOP

3CO +Fe2O3 2 Fe+3CO2 REDOX Reaction.

CO2, N2,
CO
CO2(g)+C 2CO redox reaction
What is the function of CO?
It act as a reducing agent.

C +O2 CO2(g)
CO2
CaCO3 CO2 +CaO Thermal Decomposition.

HOT AIR BLAST

CaO + SiO2 CaSiO3 Neutralization
19

Slag
Page

BASIC OXIDE ACIDI C OXIDE

it is called pig iron because it contain impurities ,phosphorus
Sand (impurity}
carbon, silicon by: Asia Khawar
Designed
 https://youtu.be/9N6uXQ8KRYc
https://youtu.be/9AMbKpeJRoU
https://youtu.be/otVFDo9YSM8
20
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 https://youtu.be/sFRybmXO_Xo
https://youtu.be/v3gnBtEIX2s
21
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 CALCIUM OXIDE

IMPURITIES ARE OXIDIZED 2P2O5(s) + CaO Ca2(PO4)3

C + O2 CO2(g) SiO2(s) + CaO CaSiO3

4P+5 O2 2P2O5(s)
This is called Slag ,it is
S+ O2 SO2(g) lighter than molten
iron
Si+O2 SiO2(s)
22
Page

Wrought iron is soft (because it does not contain impurities

Designed by: Asia Khawar

 Wrought iron
23
Page

Designed by: Asia Khawar