Applied Physics

Submitted To:
Sir Fazal Abbas

From:
Mian Muhammad Hunzala

Roll No:
RP23-EE-419
 Lab Assessment No. 2
Objective: To determine the equivalence resistance of resistors connected in series and
parallel.

Apparatus:
- » Digital Multimeter (DMM).
- » Carbon Resistors: 1kO, 5.6kQ, 10kQ, 15K0, 22kO
- » Bread Board
- » Analog/Digital Trainer
- » Jumper Wies

Introduction:
Most circuits in commercial and industrial electronics equipment are combinations of series and
parallel circuits. These are referred to as series parallel circuits and they range from simple
resistive circuits to complex networks. The rules for solving a series-parallel circuit are a
combination of rules used to solve series and parallel circuits separately. All circuits, whether the
components, are arranged in series, parallel, or combinations of series parallel, appear as a single
load to the power source. During vour investigation into series and parallel circuits, whether you
realized it or not, you combined individual resistances into what was seen by the power source as
a single resistance. Although series-parallel circuits are somewhat more complex, the procedure
is the same; keep combining resistances until a single resistance, RT, is determined which
represents the total circuit resistance.

Figure:
Methodology:
Consider the circuit shown in Fig. 3.1 (a) where resistors R1 and R2 are in series with the
parallel circuit consisting of resisting R3 in one branch and resistors R4 and R5 in series in the
other branch. To reduce any circuit to a single representative resistance, you start with the
components furthest from the power source; in this case, resistors R4 and RS because the are in
series, they must be added. The circuit is redrawn in (b). The next step is to calculate the
equivalent resistance of resistors R3 and R4+ RS in parallel, The circuit, shown in (d)

Measured values of resistors:

R1 = 38.25 KΩ

R2 = 101.4 KΩ

R3 = 2.187 KΩ

R4 = 38.80 KΩ

R5 = 0.972 KΩ

R6 = 2.187 KΩ

R7 = 2.663 KΩ

Calculations:
1 1 1
= +
R eq 1 R 2 R 3

1 1
Req1 = + = 2.140KΩ
101.4 2.187

Req2 = R8 + R7

Req2 = 2.140 + 2.187 = 4.327KΩ

1 1 1 1
= + +
R eq 3 R 4 R 5 R 6

1 1 1 1
= + + = 0.661KΩ
R eq 3 38.80 0.972 2.187

Req4 = R7 + R2

Req = 2.663 + 101.4 = 6.99KΩ

1 1 1
= +
R R R

1 1 1
= + = 0.593KΩ
R 38.25 0.600

Calculated Value

Measured Valus:

Conclusion:
In This Experiment, We learned the different ways to measure the different resistances
of color coded carbon resistors.