Dental Assisting A Comprehensive Approach 5th Edition Phinney Test Bank

Dental Assisting A Comprehensive
Approach 5th Edition Phinney Test

Bank
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Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

1. The study of prenatal growth and the developing process of an individual is the science of embryology.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: Oral embryology refers to the study of the development of the oral cavity.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
QUESTION TYPE: True / False
HAS VARIABLES: False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DENT.PHIN.18.8.1 - Describe how the human face develops and changes during the zygote
and embryo phases.
TOPICS: Embryology
DATE CREATED: 1/10/2017 1:15 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 1/10/2017 1:15 PM
2. Histology is defined as the study of the microscopic structure and function of tissues.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: Histodifferentiation is the development of different tissues.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: E
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DENT.PHIN.18.8.2 - Identify the terms and times of the three prenatal phases of pregnancy.
TOPICS: Embryology
3. The hardest living tissue in the body is cementum.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
RATIONALE: The hardest living tissue in the body is enamel.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DENT.PHIN.18.8.3 - Identify the substances of enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp and
their identifying landmarks.
TOPICS: Tooth Structure
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
Name: Class: Date:
4. Only enamel has developmental marks.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
RATIONALE: Developmental marks appear in enamel and dentin.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
5. If the antibiotic tetracycline is taken during the tooth's formation period, it will cause permanent staining.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: Tetracycline binds chemically to the dentin and causes permanent yellow staining.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
6. Healthy gingiva has a shiny, slick surface.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
RATIONALE: Healthy gingiva is firm, tightly adapted to the teeth, and stippled in texture.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: E
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DENT.PHIN.18.8.4 - Describe the structures of the gingiva and the mucosa.
TOPICS: Components of the Periodontium
Name: Class: Date:

7. The second trimester of pregnancy includes 13 to 28 weeks.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: It is at this stage that movement of the fetus increases, hair appears on the scalp, and the
hands can begin to grasp.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: E
TOPICS: Embryology
8. The cementum is part of the periodontium as well as the last tooth structure.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: It is a dull, light yellow, and it is soft and grainy in texture.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
9. If a tooth is traumatized due to force from the occlusal or incisal surface, a condition known as hypercementosis may
take place.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
RATIONALE: This causes a thickening of the cementum around the apex of the tooth.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M

Name: Class: Date:

10. During which phase of pregnancy do the cells proliferate?

a. Zygote b. Embryo
c. Fetus d. None of the above
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: Cells proliferate during the zygote phase of pregnancy.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: E
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
TOPICS: Embryology
11. The development of different cells is known as _________________.

a. histodifferentiation b. cytodifferentiation
c. morphodifferentiation d. initiation
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: The development of different cells is known as cytodifferentiation.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
TOPICS: Embryology
12. The development of different forms is known as _______________.

c. morphodifferentiation d. deposition
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: The development of different forms is known as morphodifferentiation.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
Name: Class: Date:

TOPICS: Embryology
13. The development of different tissues is known as ______________.

c. morphodifferentiation d. calcification
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: The development of different tissues is known as histodifferentiation.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
TOPICS: Embryology
14. The skin, nails, brain, lining of the oral cavity, and the enamel of the teeth are formed from which layer?
a. Ectoderm b. Endoderm
c. Mesoderm d. Both a and b
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: The skin, nails, brain, lining of the oral cavity, and the enamel of the teeth are formed from
the ectoderm layer in the embryo phase of development.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
and embryo phases.
TOPICS: Embryology
15. The bones, muscles, internal organs, dentin, cementum, and pulp of the teeth are formed from which layer?
c. Mesoderm d. Both a and c
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: The bones, muscles, internal organs, dentin, cementum, and pulp of the teeth are formed
from the mesoderm phase of embryonic development.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M

Name: Class: Date:

and embryo phases.
TOPICS: Embryology
16. The lining of the digestive tract is formed from which layer?
c. Mesoderm d. Both a and c
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: The lining of the digestive tract is formed from the endoderm layer of embryonic
development.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
and embryo phases.
TOPICS: Embryology
17. The face begins to form during which week of prenatal development?
a. Second b. Fourth
c. Sixth d. Twelfth
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: The face begins to form during the fourth week of prenatal development.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
and embryo phases.
TOPICS: Embryology
18. Another name for the primitive mouth that appears between the maxillary and mandibular processes is the
_____________.
a. shallow depression
b. brachial arches
c. stomedeum
d. There is no such thing as a primitive mouth.
Name: Class: Date:

ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: Another name for the primitive mouth that appears between the maxillary and mandibular
processes is the stomedeum.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
and embryo phases.
TOPICS: Embryology
19. If the maxillary processes fail to fuse together with the medial nasal process, what is the result?
a. Cleft lip b. Cleft palate
c. Cleft lip and palate d. Cleft uvula
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: A cleft lip will result if the maxillary processes fail to fuse together with the medial nasal
process.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
and embryo phases.
TOPICS: Embryology
20. Failure of the palatal shelves to fuse results in a _____________.

a. cleft lip b. cleft palate
c. cleft lip and palate d. cleft uvula
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: Failure of the palatal shelves to fuse results in a cleft palate.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
and embryo phases.
TOPICS: Embryology

Name: Class: Date:

21. Which condition(s) is (are) considered to be least problematic for the infant?
a. Cleft lip b. Cleft palate
c. Cleft lip and palate d. Cleft uvula
ANSWER: d
RATIONALE: A cleft uvula is the developmental condition that is least problematic to the infant.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
and embryo phases.
TOPICS: Embryology
22. Place in correct order the stages of development in the origin of a tooth.
1. Bud stage
2. Cap stage
3. Bell stage
4. Maturation stage
a. 1, 2, 3, 4 b. 2, 3, 1, 4
c. 1, 3, 2, 4 d. 3, 2, 1, 4
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: The stages of development in the origin of a tooth are -Bud stage -Cap stage -Bell stage -
Maturation stage
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DENT.PHIN.18.8.5 - Describe the life cycle of a tooth and identify the stages.
TOPICS: Histology and the Life Cycle of the Tooth
23. What is the name of the growth from the oral epithelium that gives rise to the tooth buds?
a. Dental sac b. Dental lamina
c. Mesenchyme d. None of the above
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: The name of the growth from the oral epithelium that gives rise to the tooth buds is the dental
lamina.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
Name: Class: Date:

24. When the cells of a developing tooth develop into different tissues, it is termed ____________.
a. proliferation b. histodifferentiation
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: When the cells of a developing tooth develop into different tissues, it is called
histodifferentiation.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
25. When the cells of a developing tooth multiply, it is termed ____________.

c. morphodifferentiation d. initiation
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: When the cells of a developing tooth multiply, it is termed proliferation.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
26. When the cells begin to outline the future shape of the developing tooth, it is termed _________.
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: When the cells begin to outline the future shape of the developing tooth, it is termed
morphodifferentiation.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M

Name: Class: Date:

27. During the formation of a tooth, connective tissue will form an enclosed area within which dentin, cementum, and
pulp form. What is the name of this enclosed area?
a. Dental lamina b. Dental sac
c. Lamina dura d. None of the above
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: During the formation of a tooth, connective tissue will form an enclosed area within which
dentin, cementum, and pulp form. The name of this enclosed area is the dental sac.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
28. Enamel-forming cells are called __________.

a. ameloblasts b. odontoblasts
c. cementoblasts d. none of the above
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: Enamel-forming cells are called ameloblasts.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
29. Dentin-forming cells are called __________.

ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: Dentin-forming cells are called odontoblasts.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
Name: Class: Date:

30. Cementum-forming cells are called ___________.

ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: Cementum-forming cells are called cementoblasts.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
31. The process of depositing calcium salts and other minerals necessary for a properly formed tooth is termed
____________.
a. eruption b. calcification
c. attrition d. resorption
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: The process of depositing calcium salts and other minerals necessary for a properly formed
tooth is termed calcification.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
32. The final stage in the life cycle of a tooth is __________.

a. eruption b. calcification
c. attrition d. resorption
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: The final stage in the life cycle of a tooth is attrition.
POINTS: 1
Name: Class: Date:

DIFFICULTY: M
33. When a primary tooth is loosened, what happens to the roots?

a. Evanescence b. Calcification
c. Attrition d. None of the above
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: When a primary tooth is loosened, the roots evanesce or dissolve.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
34. What is the best guide for an erupting permanent tooth?

a. No guide is needed b. Primary tooth
c. Space maintainer d. None of the above
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: The best guide for an erupting permanent tooth is the primary tooth.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
35. The bulk of the tooth structure is composed of ____________.

a. dentin b. enamel
c. cementum d. pulp
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: The bulk of the tooth structure is composed of dentin.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: E
Name: Class: Date:

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DENT.PHIN.18.8.6 - Identify the four primary structures of the tooth and the location and
function of each.
36. The tissue that covers the root is __________.

a. dentin b. enamel
c. cementum d. pulp
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: The tissue that covers the root is cementum.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: E
function of each.
37. As a person ages, the pulpal portion may ________ in size.

a. decrease b. increase
c. remain the same d. double
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: As a person ages, the pulpal portion may decrease in size.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
function of each.
38. What is responsible for the laying down of each enamel matrix?
a. Enamel matrix b. Tomes’ process
c. Either a or b d. Neither a nor b
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: Tomes’ process is responsible for the laying down of each enamel matrix.

Name: Class: Date:

POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
function of each.
39. The development lines that appear as incremental lines around the layers of enamel are known as ___________.
a. neonatal lines b. perikymata
c. lines of Retzius d. imbrication lines
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: The development lines that appear as incremental lines around the layers of enamel are
known as lines of Retzius.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
40. The thin covering over enamel on newly erupted primary teeth, which may stain very easily, is called ____________.
a. neonatal lines b. imbrication lines
c. lines of Retzius d. Nasmyth's membrane
ANSWER: d
RATIONALE: The thin covering over enamel on newly erupted primary teeth, which may stain very easily,
is called Nasmyth’s membrane.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
41. What gives some teeth a yellow tone?

a. Yellow enamel b. Dentin showing under translucent enamel
Name: Class: Date:

c. Cementum being exposed d. None of the above
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: Teeth may exhibit a yellow tone when the dentin shows under translucent enamel.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
42. Which type of dentin creates the wall of the dentinal tubule?
a. Secondary b. Intertubular
c. Mantle d. Peritubular
ANSWER: d
RATIONALE: Peritubular dentin creates the wall of the dentinal tubule.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
43. Which type of dentin is formed before the completion of the apical foramen and forms the bulk of the tooth?
c. Primary d. Peritubular
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: Primary dentin is formed before the completion of the apical foramen and forms the bulk of
the tooth.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
Name: Class: Date:
44. The type of dentin that forms after completion of the apical foramen and slowly throughout the life of the tooth is
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: Secondary dentin forms after completion of the apical foramen and slowly throughout the life
of the tooth.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
45. Which type of dentin is formed as a reaction to irritation, such as caries or attrition?
a. Secondary b. Tertiary
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: Tertiary dentin is formed as a reaction to irritation, such as caries or attrition.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
46. Which tooth tissue gives the tooth its sensory function?
a. Pulp b. Enamel
c. Cementum d. Dentin
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: The pulp gives the tooth its sensory function.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M

Name: Class: Date:

47. Usually, the cementum is thickest at which portion of the root?

a. Cervical third
b. Middle third
c. Apical third
d. It has the same thickness throughout the tooth.
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: Usually, the cementum is thickest at the apical third portion of the root.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DENT.PHIN.18.8.7 - Identify the components of the periodontium and the considerations of
the alveolar bone.
48. The bone that surrounds the root of the tooth is the ______________.
a. alveolar crest b. alveolus
c. interradicular septum d. interdental septum
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: The bone that surrounds the root of the tooth is the alveolus.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
the alveolar bone.
49. The area where two cortical plates come together between two teeth is the __________.
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: The area where two cortical plates come together between two teeth is the alveolar crest.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
Name: Class: Date:

the alveolar bone.
50. In multirooted teeth, the area of bone between the roots is the ______________.
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: In multirooted teeth, the area of bone between the roots is the interradicular septum.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
the alveolar bone.
51. What secures the tooth into the socket by a number of organized fiber groups?
a. Alveolar crest b. Lamina dura
c. Periodontal ligaments d. Interdental septum
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: The periodontal ligaments secure the tooth into the socket by a number of organized fiber
groups.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
the alveolar bone.
52. Interdental papilla is an extension of ________ gingiva between adjacent teeth.

a. unattached b. attached
c. either a or b d. neither a nor b
ANSWER: a

Name: Class: Date:

RATIONALE: Interdental papilla is an extension of unattached gingiva between adjacent teeth.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
53. The maximum depth of sulcus should not exceed ____ mm.
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: The maximum depth of sulcus should not exceed 3 mm.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
54. At the floor of the gingival sulcus is the ____________.

a. alveolar crest b. interdental papilla
c. attached gingiva d. epithelial attachment
ANSWER: d
RATIONALE: At the floor of the gingival sulcus is the epithelial attachment.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
55. An overgrowth of gingival tissue due to a certain type of drug is known as ___________.
a. gingival hypoplasia b. gingival hyperplasia
c. either a or b d. neither a nor b
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: An overgrowth of gingival tissue due to a certain type of drug is known as gingival
Name: Class: Date:

hyperplasia.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
56. Which are the clinical appearances of inflamed gingiva?

1. Shiny surface
2. Stippled surface
3. Swelling
4. Firmness
5. Pink color
6. Red color
a. 2, 4, 5 b. 1, 3, 5
c. 2, 3, 6 d. 1, 3, 6
ANSWER: d
RATIONALE: The clinical appearances of inflamed gingiva consist of a shiny surface, swollen, and red in
color.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
57. How many weeks elapse from the first day of the pregnant woman’s last period?
a. 32 b. 28
c. 40 d. 35
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: Forty weeks elapse from the first day of the pregnant woman’s last period.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: E
TOPICS: Embryology
Name: Class: Date:
58. Trimesters measure the stages of pregnancy and when disturbances could occur. The first trimester could have one of
these signs or symptoms.
a. Woman feels the baby moving b. Nausea and vomiting
c. Fetus is recognizable d. Woman’s heart rate increases
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: Trimesters measure the stages of pregnancy and when disturbances could occur. In the first
trimester, the pregnant woman may experience nausea and vomiting.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: E
TOPICS: Embryology
59. During week ____ of fetal development, the tooth buds appear.
a. 8 b. 11
c. 9 d. 10
ANSWER: b
RATIONALE: During the 11th week of fetal development, the tooth buds appear.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
and embryo phases.
TOPICS: Embryology
60. During week ____ of fetal development, the palate and tongue form.
a. 5 b. 6
c. 7 d. 9
ANSWER: c
RATIONALE: During week 7 of fetal development, the palate and tongue form.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
and embryo phases.

Name: Class: Date:

TOPICS: Embryology
61. During week ____ of fetal development, the swallowing reflex is present.
a. 12 b. 10
c. 9 d. 11
ANSWER: a
RATIONALE: During week 12 of fetal development, the swallowing reflex is present.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: M
and embryo phases.
TOPICS: Embryology
Match the name of the ligament group to its location.

a. Oblique fibers
b. Horizontal fibers
c. Alveolar crest fibers
d. Interradicular fibers
DIFFICULTY: M
QUESTION TYPE: Matching
the alveolar bone.
62. From the cementum of one root to the cementum of the other root in the same tooth
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
63. From the cementum to the alveolar bone, extending diagonally

ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
64. From the cementum to the alveolar bone, horizontally

ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
Name: Class: Date:
65. From the cementum to the alveolar bone in the area of the alveolar crest
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
Match the term to the time of the prenatal phases of pregnancy.

a. Fetus
b. Zygote
c. Embryo
DIFFICULTY: E
TOPICS: Embryology
66. Two weeks through the eighth week

ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
67. Nine weeks through birth

ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
68. Conception through the first two weeks

ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
The life cycle of a tooth includes various developmental stages. Match the cycle with its proper stage.
a. Bell
b. Cap
c. Maturation
d. Bud
DIFFICULTY: M
69. Initiation
ANSWER: d

Name: Class: Date:

POINTS: 1
70. Proliferation
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
71. Histodifferentiation
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
72. Apposition
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
Match the tooth structure with its description.

a. Softer than enamel, but harder than cementum and bone
b. Provides nourishment, support, and maintenance for the dentin
c. Surrounds the root of the tooth, attaching it to the alveolar bone
d. Bone that surrounds the root of the tooth, the socket
DIFFICULTY: M
function of each.
73. Alveolus
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
74. Cementum
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
75. Dentin
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
76. Pulp
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1

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Approach 5th Edition Phinney Test

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

3. The hardest living tissue in the body is cementum.

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

4. Only enamel has developmental marks.

6. Healthy gingiva has a shiny, slick surface.

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

7. The second trimester of pregnancy includes 13 to 28 weeks.

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

10. During which phase of pregnancy do the cells proliferate?

11. The development of different cells is known as _________________.

12. The development of different forms is known as _______________.

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

13. The development of different tissues is known as ______________.

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

20. Failure of the palatal shelves to fuse results in a _____________.

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

25. When the cells of a developing tooth multiply, it is termed ____________.

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 9

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

28. Enamel-forming cells are called __________.

29. Dentin-forming cells are called __________.

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

30. Cementum-forming cells are called ___________.

32. The final stage in the life cycle of a tooth is __________.

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

33. When a primary tooth is loosened, what happens to the roots?

34. What is the best guide for an erupting permanent tooth?

35. The bulk of the tooth structure is composed of ____________.

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

36. The tissue that covers the root is __________.

37. As a person ages, the pulpal portion may ________ in size.

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 13

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

41. What gives some teeth a yellow tone?

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 16

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

47. Usually, the cementum is thickest at which portion of the root?

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

52. Interdental papilla is an extension of ________ gingiva between adjacent teeth.

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 18

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

54. At the floor of the gingival sulcus is the ____________.

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

56. Which are the clinical appearances of inflamed gingiva?

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 21

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

Match the name of the ligament group to its location.

63. From the cementum to the alveolar bone, extending diagonally

64. From the cementum to the alveolar bone, horizontally

Chapter 08: Embryology and Histology

Match the term to the time of the prenatal phases of pregnancy.

66. Two weeks through the eighth week

67. Nine weeks through birth