Dental Materials Foundations and Applications 11th Edition Powers Test Bank

Dental Materials Foundations and
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Chapter 07: Cements
Powers: Dental Materials, 11th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Cements are generally hard, brittle materials formed when a powdered _____ is mixed
with a liquid.
a. quartz
b. monomer
c. acrylic resin
d. oxide or glass
ANS: B
Feedback
A Quartz is used in composite resin materials.
B Monomer is used with a polymer, usually in an acrylic.
C Acrylic resins form from the polymerization process.
D Cements are generally hard, brittle materials formed when a powdered oxide or
glass is mixed with a liquid.
DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 85 OBJ: 1

TOP: CDA, GC, III Chairside Dental Materials (Preparation, Manipulation, and Application) B,
1, Describe how to prepare, mix, deliver, and store restorative materials, including but not limited
to b. cements
MSC: NMDHE, 6.0 Providing Supportive Treatment Services, 6.1 Properties and manipulation of
materials
2. Which of the following is a strong cement that may be used for permanent restorations
such as crowns and bridges?
a. Varnish
b. Calcium hydroxide
c. Zinc polycarboxylate
d. Unreinforced zinc oxide–eugenol
e. Unreinforced zinc oxide–noneugenol
ANS: C
Feedback
A Varnish is a cavity liner.
B Calcium hydroxide is used as a low-strength liner/base.
C Zinc polycarboxylate is strong cement that may be used for permanent
restorations such as crowns and bridges.
D Unreinforced zinc oxide–eugenol does not have the necessary strength for
permanent cementation.
E Unreinforced zinc oxide–noneugenol does not have the necessary strength for
permanent cementation.

to b. cements
materials
3. Which of the following is oil-based cement?

a. Glass ionomer
b. Hybrid ionomer
c. Zinc oxide–eugenol
d. Zinc polycarboxylate
ANS: C
Feedback
A This is water-based cement.
B This is water-based cement.
C Zinc oxide–eugenol is oil-based cement.
D This is water-based cement.

to b. cements
materials
4. Which type of cement has a powder composed of aluminosilicate glass?

a. Zinc polycarboxylate
b. Zinc oxide–eugenol
c. Zinc phosphate
d. Glass ionomer
ANS: D
Feedback
A This contains zinc in the powder.
B This contains zinc in the powder.
C This contains zinc in the powder.
D Glass ionomer contains a cement powder of finely ground aluminosilicate glass.

to b. cements
materials
5. Which type of cement, used for final cementation, has the highest compressive strength?
a. Compomer
b. Glass ionomer
c. Zinc phosphate
d. Hybrid ionomer
e. Zinc polycarboxylate
ANS: B
Feedback
A Compomer has lower compressive strength (85 to 120 MPa).
B Glass ionomer has a compressive strength of 90 to 220 MPa, the highest of any
of the listed cements.
C Zinc phosphate is rarely used because of its high acidity and exothermic
reaction.
D Hybrid ionomer has lower compressive strength (85 to 120 MPa).
E Zinc polycarboxylate has a compressive strength of 55 to 96 MPa.

to b. cements
materials
6. Which of the following statements is(are) true regarding glass ionomer cements?
a. Fluoride may be added to the powder for an anticariogenic effect.
b. Some retention is gained through chemical bonding as well as mechanical
bonding.
c. A calcium hydroxide base is not recommended when glass ionomer cement is used
in a deep cavity.
d. A, B, and C are all true statements.
e. A and B are both true statements.
ANS: E
Feedback
A Fluoride is incorporated into the powder for an anticariogenic effect, and some
retention is gained through chemical bonding as well as mechanical bonding.
B Fluoride is incorporated into the powder for an anticariogenic effect, and some
C A calcium hydroxide base is recommended when glass ionomer cement is used
in a deep cavity.
D Only A and B are correct.
E Fluoride is incorporated into the powder for an anticariogenic effect, and some
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 87 OBJ: 1

to b. cements
materials
7. What is the recommended mixing time for glass ionomer cement?
a. 10 to 20 seconds
b. 20 to 30 seconds
c. 30 to 60 seconds
d. 2 minutes
e. 7 minutes
ANS: C
Feedback
A This is 10 to 20 times shorter than recommended by the manufacturer.
B This is 20 to 30 times shorter than recommended by the manufacturer.
C The mixing time for glass ionomer should be 30 to 60 seconds.
D Two minutes is the maximum working time from the start of mixing.
E Seven minutes is the time it takes the material to set from the start of mixing.

to b. cements
materials
8. What is the purpose of cooling the glass mixing slab when mixing glass ionomer cement?
a. Slow the setting reaction.
b. Accelerate the setting reaction.
c. Incorporate water into the mix.
d. Allow more powder to be incorporated into the liquid.
ANS: A
Feedback
A The purpose of cooling the glass mixing slab when mixing glass ionomer cement
is to slow the setting reaction and to provide additional working time. The
cement should not be used once a “skin” forms on the surface or when the
consistency becomes noticeably thicker.
B Heat typically accelerates the setting reaction of a material.
C Glass ionomers are hydrophobic.
D More powder would be against manufacturers’ set limits.

to b. cements
materials
9. Which of the following statements is true of hybrid ionomer cements?

a. They are oil-based cements.
b. They are resin-modified zinc polycarboxylate cements.
c. They may be used for cementation of zirconia-based all-ceramic crowns and
bridges.
d. They are recommended for cementation of lower strength all-ceramic inlays,
onlays, or crowns.
ANS: C
Feedback
A Hybrid ionomers are water-based materials.
B Zinc polycarboxylate is not a glass ionomer.
C They may be used for cementation of zirconia-based all-ceramic crowns and
bridges. They are water-based cements.
D They are not recommended for cementation of lower strength all-ceramic inlays
and onlays because of their water sorption.

to b. cements
materials
10. The hybrid ionomer cement liquid should be dispensed by holding the vial _____ to the
mixing pad. The cement is applied to a _____ tooth.
a. at an angle; dry
b. at an angle; slightly moist
c. vertically; dry
d. vertically; slightly moist
ANS: C
Feedback
A The bottle at an angle may not measure an accurate drop of liquid. Ionomers are
hydrophobic materials, so dry application is necessary.
B The bottle at an angle may not measure an accurate drop of liquid. Ionomers are
C The hybrid ionomer cement liquid should be dispensed by holding the vial
vertically to the mixing pad. The cement is applied to a dry tooth.
D The bottle at an angle may not measure an accurate drop of liquid. Ionomers are

to b. cements
materials
11. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true of zinc polycarboxylate cement?
a. It is stronger than zinc phosphate cement.
b. It is less irritating to the pulp than zinc phosphate cement.
c. It is more irritating to the pulp than zinc phosphate cement.
d. A and B are both true.
e. A and C are both true.
ANS: B
Feedback
A Zinc phosphate cements are the stronger of the two materials.
B Zinc polycarboxylate cement is not as strong as zinc phosphate cement, but it is
less irritating to the pulp.
C Zinc phosphate cements have a more irritating pH level and set by exothermic
reaction.
D B is the only correct answer.
E B is the only correct answer.

to b. cements
materials
12. Which of the following statements is true of the manipulation of zinc polycarboxylate
cement?
a. The proper consistency is creamy.
b. The liquid is added to the powder.
c. The mixing time is about 3 minutes.
d. The cement should be mixed over a large area of the mixing surface.
ANS: A
Feedback
A The proper consistency of zinc polycarboxylate cement is creamy.
B The powder should be added to the liquid.
C Mixing time is 30 to 60 seconds depending on the product.
D The cement should be mixed over a small area of the mixing surface.

to b. cements
materials
13. The maximum working time for zinc polycarboxylate cement is _____ seconds.
a. 30
b. 60
c. 90
d. 120
ANS: D
Feedback
A Mixing time is 30 to 60 seconds.
B Mixing time is 30 to 60 seconds.
C A maximum of 90 seconds would not allow adequate working time.
D The maximum working time for zinc polycarboxylate cement is 3 minutes.

to b. cements
materials
14. Which of the following cements has a sedative effect on the pulp?
a. Glass ionomer
b. Zinc phosphate
c. Calcium hydroxide
d. Zinc oxide–eugenol
ANS: D
Feedback
A Glass ionomer cement releases a fluoride ion.
B Zinc phosphate cement is irritating.
C Calcium hydroxide stimulates development of reparative dentin.
D Zinc oxide–eugenol cement has a sedative effect on the pulp.
E Zinc polycarboxylate has minimal sedative properties.

TOP: CDA, GC, III Chairside Dental Materials (Preparation, Manipulation and Application) B, 1,
Describe how to prepare, mix, deliver, and store restorative materials, including but not limited to
g. varnishes, bases, and liners
materials
15. Which of the following cements is not water based?

a. Glass ionomer
b. Zinc phosphate
ANS: C
Feedback
A Glass ionomer is water-based cement.
B Zinc phosphate is water-based cement.
C Zinc oxide–eugenol is oil based.
D Zinc polycarboxylate is water-based cement.
to g. varnishes, bases, and liners
materials
16. Which solvent is useful for removal of set zinc oxide–eugenol cement?
a. Ether
b. Water
c. Orange oil
d. Turpentine
e. Ethyl alcohol
ANS: C
Feedback
A Ether is toxic if ingested.
B Water cleans up water-based cements.
C Orange oil is useful for removal of set zinc oxide–eugenol cement.
D Turpentine is toxic if ingested.
E Ethyl alcohol is toxic if ingested.

to b. cements
materials
17. Which type of cement is composed of dimethacrylate resin and glass filler?
c. Zinc phosphate
d. Glass ionomer
e. Esthetic resin
ANS: E
Feedback
A Zinc polycarboxylate is zinc based, nonesthetic material.
B Zinc oxide–eugenol is zinc based, nonesthetic material.
C Zinc phosphate is zinc based, nonesthetic material.
D Glass ionomers are composed of aluminosilicate glass.
E Esthetic resin cement is composed of dimethacrylate resin and glass filler.

to b. cements
materials
18. Compomer cement is indicated for cementation of which of the following types of
restorations?
a. Ceramic–metal crowns
b. Traditional all-ceramic inlays
c. Traditional all-ceramic crowns
d. A, B, and C
e. A and C
ANS: A
Feedback
A Compomer cement is indicated for cementation of ceramic–metal crowns and
cast alloy restorations.
B Cementation of traditional all-ceramic crowns, inlays, onlays, and veneers is
contraindicated.
C Cementation of traditional all-ceramic crowns, inlays, onlays, and veneers is
contraindicated.
D A is the only correct answer.
E A is the only correct answer.

to b. cements
materials
19. Which of the following high-strength bases has the highest modulus of elasticity?
a. Glass ionomer
b. Zinc phosphate
c. Zinc polycarboxylate
d. Resin-modified glass ionomer
ANS: B
Feedback
A Glass ionomer has a significantly lower modulus of elasticity.
B Zinc phosphate has the highest modulus of elasticity, meaning it is stiffest.
C Zinc polycarboxylate has a significantly lower modulus of elasticity.
D Resin-modified glass ionomer has a significantly lower modulus of elasticity.

to b. cements
materials
20. Effective thermal protection requires that a base be at least _____ mm thick.
a. 0.05
b. 0.5
c. 1.5
d. 5
ANS: B
Feedback
A 0.05 mm is too thin.
B Effective thermal protection requires that a base be at least 0.5 mm thick.
C 1.5 mm is too thick and may not allow adequate room for a restoration.
D 5 mm is too thick and may not allow adequate room for a restoration.

to b. cements
materials
21. Which materials may be used as a base for composites but not with traditional ceramics?
a. Compomer
b. Zinc phosphate
c. Hybrid ionomer
d. A, B, and C
e. A and C
ANS: E
Feedback
A A and C are correct answers.
B Zinc phosphate cement would not be used as a base for composites.
C A and C are correct answers.
D A and C are correct answers.
E Compomer and hybrid ionomer may all be used as a base for composites but are
not used with traditional ceramics.

to b. cements
materials
22. Which of the following materials used as bases is supplied as a single-paste compule that
does not require mixing?
a. Compomer
b. Glass ionomer
c. Zinc phosphate
d. Hybrid ionomer
ANS: A
Feedback
A Compomer is supplied as a single-paste compule that does not require mixing.
B Glass ionomer has two component materials that must be mixed.
C Zinc phosphate has two component materials that must be mixed.
D Hybrid ionomer has two component materials that must be mixed.
E Zinc polycarboxylate has two component materials that must be mixed.

to b. cements
materials
23. Which of the following cements exhibits and exothermic reaction?

a. Compomer
b. Glass ionomer
c. Zinc phosphate
ANS: C
Feedback
A Compomer is a base material.
B Glass ionomer is used to permanently cement indirect restorations.
C Zinc phosphate is acidic and gives off heat as it sets.
D Zinc oxide–eugenol cement is the cement used most frequently as a temporary
filling.
E Zinc polycarboxylate is used to permanently cement indirect restorations.

to b. cements
materials
24. Which of the following cements is used for pulp capping?

d. Zinc phosphate
e. Glass ionomer
ANS: C
Feedback
A Zinc polycarboxylate is used as a high-strength base.
B Zinc oxide–eugenol is used as a high-strength base.
C Calcium hydroxide cement is used for direct and indirect pulp capping. It is a
low-strength base that stimulates formation of reparative dentin.
D Zinc phosphate cement is irritating to the pulp.
E Glass ionomer is used as a high-strength base.

materials
25. Which of the following cements is used in order to stimulate the formation of reparative
dentin?
a. Zinc phosphate
b. Hybrid ionomer
ANS: C
Feedback
A Zinc phosphate cement is irritating to the pulp.
B Hybrid ionomer is used as a high-strength base.
C Calcium hydroxide is used to stimulate the formation of reparative dentin.
D Zinc oxide–eugenol is used as a high-strength base.
E Zinc polycarboxylate is used as a high-strength base.

materials
26. Why are varnishes and cavity liners used prior to placing a direct restoration?
a. Function as a protective barrier between dentin and the restorative material
b. Minimize the ingress of oral fluids at the restoration–tooth interface
c. Protect the pulp from the high pH of calcium hydroxide
d. A, B, and C are correct.
e. Only A and B are correct.
ANS: E
Feedback
A Both A and C are correct answers.
B Calcium hydroxide is a liner material.
C Both A and C are correct answers.
D Only A and C are correct answers.
E Cavity liners and varnishes function as a protective barrier between dentin and
the restorative material and minimize the ingress of oral fluids at the
restoration–tooth interface. They are not used, however, to protect the pulp from
the high pH of calcium hydroxide. Calcium hydroxide is applied directly to the
tooth to stimulate formation of reparative dentin.

materials, 6.2 Polishing natural and restored teeth
27. Why are varnishes used?

a. Reduce leakage around margins and walls of the restoration–tooth interface
b. Insulate the pulp from deep or large restorations
c. Stimulate the formation of reparative dentin
d. Function as a therapeutic base
ANS: A
Feedback
A Cavity varnishes are applied in order to reduce leakage around margins and
walls of the restoration–tooth interface.
B High-strength bases insulate pulp.
C Calcium hydroxide stimulates reparative dentin formation.
D Cavity varnishes do not provide a sedative effect.

materials
28. Direct and indirect bonding of orthodontic brackets is accomplished primarily with the use
of _____ cements.
a. calcium hydroxide
b. zinc phosphate
c. glass ionomer
d. compomer
e. resin
ANS: E
Feedback
A Calcium hydroxide is used as a low-strength base/liner.
B Zinc phosphate is acidic.
C Glass ionomer is used as a base.
D Compomer is used as a base.
E Direct and indirect bonding of orthodontic brackets is accomplished primarily
with the use of resin cements.

to b. cements
materials
29. Orthodontic bands may be cemented with which of the following cement(s)?
a. Glass ionomer
b. Zinc phosphate
d. A and B
e. B and C
ANS: D
Feedback
A Both A and B are correct answers.
B Zinc phosphate is acidic but occasionally used to cement orthodontic bands.
C Zinc oxide–eugenol cements are used for sedative bases.
D Orthodontic bands may be cemented with glass ionomer or zinc phosphate
cement.
E Both A and B are correct answers; C is incorrect.

to b. cements
materials
30. What is the main function of dental cements?

a. Insulate the pulp.
b. Reinforce missing tooth structure.
c. Retain restorations on prepared teeth.
d. Initiate formation of reparative dentin.
ANS: A
Feedback
A This is a purpose of cements but is not as significant as retention of restorations.
B This is a purpose of cements but is not as significant as retention of restorations.
C The retention of restorations on prepared teeth is a major function of dental
cements.
D This is a purpose of cements but is not as significant as retention of restorations.

to b. cements
materials
31. Which of the following is not a water-based cement?

a. Glass ionomer
b. Hybrid ionomer
ANS: C
Feedback
A Glass ionomer is a water-based cement.
B Hybrid ionomer is a water-based cement..
C Zinc oxide–eugenol cements are oil-based cements that have an obtundent
(sedative) effect on the pulp and are especially useful for cementation on
prepared teeth with exposed dentinal tubules.
D Zinc polycarboxylate is a water-based cement.

to b. cements
materials
32. When are hybrid ionomer cements used?

a. To cement all-ceramic restorations
b. To cement core buildups
c. To bond orthodontic appliances
d. All of the above
ANS: D
Feedback
A A, B, and C are all correct answers.
B A, B, and C are all correct answers.
C A, B, and C are all correct answers.
D Hybrid ionomer cements are used to cement core buildups, all-ceramic
restorations, and orthodontic appliances.

to b. cements
materials
33. Which cement is closest to glass ionomer in compressive and tensile strength?
c. Hybrid ionomer
d. Adhesive resin
ANS: C
Feedback
A Zinc polycarboxylate is lower in tensile strength.
B Zinc oxide–eugenol is lower in tensile strength.
C The values for compressive and tensile strengths of hybrid ionomer cements are
similar to those of glass ionomer cements.
D Adhesive resin has a higher tensile strength.

to b. cements
materials
34. Properties of zinc polycarboxylate cement include which of the following?

a. Moderate strength
b. High viscosity
c. Mild acidity
d. All of the above
e. Only A and C
ANS: E
Feedback
A A and C are both correct.
B Zinc polycarboxylate cement has a moderate viscosity. Too high of a viscosity
may not allow the restoration to seat properly.
C A and C are both correct.
D Only A and C are correct.
E The important properties of zinc polycarboxylate cements are moderate
viscosity, moderate strength, ability to bond to enamel, and mild acidity.

to b. cements
materials
35. Which cement shows histologic reactions similar to zinc polycarboxylate cement?
a. Resin-modified ionomer
c. Glass ionomer
d. Zinc phosphate
ANS: B
Feedback
A Resin-modified ionomer can be used as a base.
B Histologic reactions are similar to those of zinc oxide–eugenol cements, but
more reparative dentin is observed with the polycarboxylates.
C Glass ionomer can be used as a base.
D Zinc phosphate is too acidic.

to b. cements
materials
36. When are esthetic resin cements used?

a. Fill root canals
b. Bond metal restorations
c. Bond ceramic restorations
d. Bond orthodontic brackets
ANS: C
Feedback
A Root canal cements are usually zinc oxide–eugenol based.
B Zinc polycarboxylate would be a better choice to cement a metal restoration
since esthetics is not an issue.
C Esthetic resin cements are tooth-colored or translucent resins available in a
variety of shades and are used for bonding of all-ceramic and indirect composite
restorations.
D Orthodontic brackets are cemented with resin cements. Again, esthetics is not an
issue.

to b. cements
materials
37. Why is rosin, 29%, added to Type I zinc oxide–eugenol cement powder?
a. Reduce brittleness
b. Act as a sedative
c. Accelerate set
d. A and C are correct.
ANS: A
Feedback
A The zinc oxide–eugenol cement powder (Type I) contains zinc oxide (69%)
with rosin (29%) to reduce brittleness.
B Zinc and eugenol add sedative properties.
C Accelerators are added to assist with set.

to b. cements
materials
38. Zinc oxide–eugenol cement is a single paste system. Zinc oxide–eugenol cements should
be mixed with a plastic spatula.
a. Statement 1 is correct; statement 2 is correct.
b. Statement 1 is incorrect; statement 2 is correct.
c. Statement 1 is correct; statement 2 is incorrect.
d. Statement 1 is incorrect; statement 2 is incorrect.
ANS: D
Feedback
A Both statements are incorrect.
B Both statements are incorrect.
C Both statements are incorrect.
D The permanent zinc oxide–eugenol cements (Type II) are powder–liquid
systems. They are mixed on a glass slab or treated paper pad with a metal
spatula.

to b. cements
materials
39. When would an adhesive resin cement not be used?

a. Indirect esthetic restoration
b. Metal ceramic crown
c. Alloys
d. All of the above
e. A and B only
ANS: A
Feedback
A Adhesive resin cements are used for bonding of most alloy and ceramic
restorations, except veneers, implant-supported crowns and bridges, and indirect
esthetic restorations.
B Adhesive resin can be used with this type of restoration.
C Adhesive resin can be used with this type of restoration.
E A is the only correct answer.

to b. cements
materials
40. Self-adhesive resin cements eliminate the need for primer and bond. They are as strong as
adhesive resin cements.
a. Statement 1 is correct; statement 2 is correct.
b. Statement 1 is incorrect; statement 2 is correct.
c. Statement 1 is correct; statement 2 is incorrect.
d. Statement 1 is incorrect; statement 2 is incorrect.
ANS: C
Feedback
A Statement 1 is correct; statement 2 is incorrect.
B Statement 1 is correct; statement 2 is incorrect.
C Self-adhesive resin cements bond to tooth structure and other materials with
low to medium bond strengths. They generally are not as strong as esthetic and
adhesive resin cements.
D Statement 1 is correct; statement 2 is incorrect.

to b. cements
materials
41. Which cement can be mixed to a luting consistency or to a ball consistency?

a. Zinc phosphate
b. Glass ionomer
ANS: A
Feedback
A Zinc phosphate cement can be used as a ball stage (base), but due to its acidic
content and exothermic reaction, it may cause pulpal irritation. It can also be
mixed to a luting consistency to cement indirect restorations.
B Glass iononomer cement is used to cement indirect restorations and orthodontic
bands or as filling material for Cl V restoration when the patient has a high
caries rate.
C Calcium hydroxide is a liner material that promotes the formation of reparative
dentin.
D Zinc oxide–eugenol cements are often used as a base for thermal insulation.

to b. cements
materials
42. Which of the following is correct regarding esthetic resin cements?

a. Radiopaque
b. Chemical cure
c. Low bond strength
d. High film thickness
ANS: A
Feedback
A Esthetic resin cements are radiopaque.
B Curing occurs using a visible light-curing unit.
C Esthetic resin cements have medium to high bond strength.
D Esthetic resin cements have a low film thickness.

to b. cements
materials
43. When is it recommended to use glass ionomer cements?

a. Cavity liner
b. Thermal base
c. Cervical Cl V restorations
d. Cement orthodontic bands
ANS: C
Feedback
A Cavity liners are suspensions of calcium hydroxide.
B Zinc oxide–eugenol cements are used as thermal bases.
C Resin-modified cements are used to cement orthodontic bands.
D Glass ionomers are used as Cl V restoration for patients with high caries rates.

TOP: CDA, GC, III Chairside Dental Materials (Preparation, Manipulation, and Application) D,
Other dental Materials, 1. Select and describe how to manipulate the various finishing, polishing,
and cleaning agents
materials
44. Which of the following is correct about root canal sealers?

a. Zinc oxide–eugenol based
b. Short working time
c. High solubility
d. Radiolucent
ANS: A
Feedback
A Most root canal sealers are zinc oxide–eugenol based.
B Longer working time in order to properly fill the canal
C Low solubility
D Radiopaque

to b. cements
materials
45. Which cement is used for provisional posterior restorations?

a. Zinc phosphate
b. Calcium hydroxide
ANS: C
Feedback
A Zinc phosphate cement is used as a luting cement or as a high-strength base.
B Calcium hydroxide is a liner that promotes the formation of reparative dentin.
C Zinc oxide–eugenol can be used as a provisional restoration due to its sedative
properties.
D Water-based cement is used for retention of crowns and bridges.

to b. cements
materials
SHORT ANSWER
1. Explain how water-based cements differ from oil-based cements.
ANS:
Glass ionomer cements are the most common of the water-based cements. Glass ionomers
are used for cementing indirect restorations and cementing orthodontic bands and as
restorations along the cervix of the tooth for patients with a high caries rate.
Oil-based cements and zinc oxide–eugenol cements are oil-based cements that have an
obtundent (sedative) effect on the pulp and are especially useful for cementation on
prepared teeth with exposed dentinal tubules. The addition of reinforcing agents to zinc
oxide–eugenol cement has resulted in permanent luting cements. Temporary cements are
not so strong but are useful for short-term cementation of temporary stainless steel crowns
and permanent restorations. Zinc oxide–non-eugenol cements are cements used for
short-term cementation of temporary acrylic crowns and completed cast restorations. They
are weak and easily cleaned from the casting.

to b. cements
materials
2. Compare and contrast high-strength bases, liners, and varnishes.
ANS:
High-strength bases are used when there is sufficient tooth structure missing and a tooth
requires a thermal base for protection. Cements such as zinc oxide–eugenol cements are
preferred due to their sedative qualities and can also be used as provisional restorations.
Liners such as calcium hydroxide are used when there is insufficient dentin remaining
between the preparation and the pulp chamber. Calcium hydroxide helps to stimulate
reparative dentin. Varnishes such as copal are used under some restorations to seal
dentinal tubules and help prevent microleakage.

materials

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DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 85 OBJ: 1

DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 85 OBJ: 1

3. Which of the following is oil-based cement?

DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 88 OBJ: 4

4. Which type of cement has a powder composed of aluminosilicate glass?

DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 85 OBJ: 1

DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 87 OBJ: 1

DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 87 OBJ: 1

DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 85 OBJ: 1

DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 85 OBJ: 1

9. Which of the following statements is true of hybrid ionomer cements?

DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 87 OBJ: 2

DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 87 OBJ: 2

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15. Which of the following cements is not water based?

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23. Which of the following cements exhibits and exothermic reaction?

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24. Which of the following cements is used for pulp capping?

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27. Why are varnishes used?

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30. What is the main function of dental cements?

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31. Which of the following is not a water-based cement?

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32. When are hybrid ionomer cements used?

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34. Properties of zinc polycarboxylate cement include which of the following?

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36. When are esthetic resin cements used?

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39. When would an adhesive resin cement not be used?

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41. Which cement can be mixed to a luting consistency or to a ball consistency?

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42. Which of the following is correct regarding esthetic resin cements?

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43. When is it recommended to use glass ionomer cements?

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44. Which of the following is correct about root canal sealers?

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45. Which cement is used for provisional posterior restorations?

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