Respiratory System Diseases

Rkei Ingrid Lachica

Inflammation
Inflammation is a protective response against infections and injuries, triggered by damage
to living tissues.

Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an infection in the alveoli due to bacteria and viruses, which causes the air
sacs to be filled up with fluid or pus. This leads to the swelling of tissues in one or both
lungs.

Influenza
Influenza is a contagious respiratory disease caused by Influenza Virus. It is more severe
than a common cold.

Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a contagious respiratory disease caused by a bacteria called
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. It is an infectious disease but it can be cured through
taking antibiotics.

● Symptoms: Fever, Weight Loss, and Blood-Stained Sputum

Asthma
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by the narrowing and
inflammation of airways. It is caused by air pollution and allergic reactions in the
environment.

Bronchitis
Bronchitis refers to the inflammation of the lining of bronchial tubes due to bacteria
and viruses. This disease is obtained from smoking and exposure to polluted areas.

Emphysema
Emphysema is a respiratory condition by which the alveoli and the surrounding tissues of
the lungs are being gradually destroyed. This reduces the surface area for efficient gas
exchange, causing shortness of breath.

● How it Happens:
Emphysema stems from prolonged exposure to irritants like smoke and pollutants.
Inflammation due to these irritants breaks down alveolar walls, making air sacs
larger and less functional. This reduces lung elasticity and impairs efficient
breathing.
Lung Cancer
Lung cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the cells of the lungs. It happens when
these cells begin to grow uncontrollably and form a mass or tumor. This tumor can
interfere with normal lung function and, if left untreated, may spread to other parts of the
body.

Circulatory System Diseases

Rkei Ingrid Lachica

Stroke
Stroke is a medical condition in which there is a disruption of blood supply in the brain,
preventing brain tissues from getting oxygen and nutrients. It is caused by narrowed
blood vessels due to an increased fatty deposit in the blood vessels.

Hypertension
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is when the force on artery walls is too high, which
could possibly damage the arteries. It's the major cause of strokes.

Heart Attack or Myocardial Infarction

A heart attack, also known as a myocardial infarction, occurs when blood flow to a part of
the heart muscle is blocked, usually by a blood clot. This blockage deprives the heart
muscle of oxygen and nutrients, causing damage or death to that part of the muscle.

Coronary Heart Disease

Coronary Heart Disease is a condition in which there is a buildup of fats and cholesterol
within the coronary arteries, thus restricting oxygenated blood to flow in the heart. This
consequently reduces the oxygen and nutrients delivered to the heart.

Aneurysm
Aneurysm is a condition characterized by abnormal expansion or bulging of a blood
vessel due to a weakened wall, which can rupture and lead to a serious internal bleeding.

Anemia
Anemia is a condition in which there is a lack of healthy red blood cells that carry oxygen
and nutrients in the body. Thus, people who suffer from anemia commonly feel fatigue
and weakness.