Diseases and disorder of the respiratory

system
Introduction:(Missie) Good morning everyone today we will be talking about respiratory
disorder.
(Missie) Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). COPD is associated with
group of lung diseases: emphysema, asthma, and chronic bronchitis.
(Messkonakasesya) Respiratory disorders, or lung diseases, are disorders such as
asthma, cystic fibrosis, emphysema, lung cancer, mesothelioma, pulmonary
hypertension, and tuberculosis. If left untreated, lung disease can produce health
complications, problematic symptoms, and life-threatening conditions.
(Kattyberry)Asthma. Asthma is a chronic and allergic condition that makes the breathing airway
narrow and swollen and causes them to produce extra mucus(Mucus is a normal, slippery,
and stringy fluid substance produced by many lining tissues in the body. It is
essential for body function and acts as a protective and moisturizing layer to keep
critical organs from drying out. Mucus also acts as a trap for irritants like dust, smoke, or
bacteria.)
(Erichkid)People with asthma experience difficulty in breathing or shortness of breath.
The exact cause of asthma is unknown, but several factors or allergens help trigger
asthmatic attacks, this include the inhalation of pollen, dust mites, and animal dead skin
cells(dander). Sometimes asthma can disappear by the time a child reaches
adolescenes.
(Addamsapple)Bronchitis. Bronchitis is the inflammation or swelling of the breathing
passages(bronchial tubes), the pathway between the nose and the lungs. The disease
is often caused by viral lung infections, but it can also be triggered by industrial
pollutants and tobacco smoke.
(Missie)The disease comes in two forms acute and chronic. Acute bronchitis occurs
when a patient experience a nagging cough that last for one to three weeks. If this
condition last for three months or more, it becomes chronic bronchitis. This can lead to
the scarring of the bronchial tubes, production of excessive mucus, and infection from
microorganisms. Acute bronchitis can be treated with enough rest and fluid ingestion,
Chronic conditions accompanied by cough for more than two weeks must be given
proper medical attention.
(Messkonakasesya) Emphysema. Emphysema is a lung condition that causes
shortness of breath. In people with emphysema, the air sacs in the lungs (alveoli) are
damaged. Over time, the inner walls of the air sacs weaken and rupture — creating
larger air spaces instead of many small ones.
(Kattyberry) Lung Cancer. Lung cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs. Your
lungs are two spongy organs in your chest that take in oxygen when you inhale and
release carbon dioxide when you exhale. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer
deaths worldwide that can result from uncontrolled growth and proliferation(rapid
increase of numbers) of cells. It can be triggered by long-term exposure to
carcinogens(substance, organism or agent capable of causing cancer) such as
asbestos and tobacco smoke. These carcinogenic chemicals can cause uncontrolled
growth of malignant cells(“malignancy" refers to the presence of cancerous cells that
have the ability to spread to other sites in the body (metastasize) or to invade
nearby (locally) and destroy tissues), called tumors.
(Erichkid) Pneumonia. Pneumonia refers to any infection of the lungs caused by
bacteria, virus, fungi, or protozoa in rare conditions. Pneumonia can resemble a
common cold or flu, its symptoms include fever, chest pain, fluid in the lungs, and
difficulty in breathing. Bacterial pneumonia that may be caused by Streptococcus
pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia
pneumoniae, or Legionella pneumoniae can manifest as severe symptoms that last
longer than usual and can caused death if untreated.
(Addamsapple) Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis(TB) is ninth leading cause of death
worldwide. The World Health Organization reported that 10.4 million were afflicted with
TB, while about two million die from it each year.Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a
bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis(a bacteria that attacks the lungs). The
bacteria usually attack the lungs, but TB bacteria can attack any part of the body such
as the kidney, spine, and brain. Not everyone infected with TB bacteria becomes sick.
Infectious Diseases of the Respiratory Tract
(Missie) Common Cold. Common cold is a contagious infection of the upper respiratory
tract and is usually the result of a viral infection by rhinovirus(he main culprit behind the
common cold). Symptoms include sneezing, runny nose because of excessive nasal
secretion(When mucus comes out of your nose, it's called nasal discharge), nasal
congestion(“stuy nose”), and mild fever. Preschool children have greater risk of getting
colds, while adults typically acquire colds between two to four times annually.
(Messkonasya) Influenza. Influenza or flu is a contagious illness caused by several
influenza viruses called myxovirus. Patients experience chills, fever, severe headache,
muscular pain, runny nose, and general discomfort. Although symptoms are similar with
common cold, influenza is more severe disease that can lead to pneumonia and death.