1.

Cough

A cough is the forceful release of air from your lungs that you can hear. Coughing
protects the airways by clearing irritants and secretions.

2. Sneeze

In response to various stimuli, the air is expelled suddenly and involuntarily, and
explosively from the lungs through the open glottis into the nose and mouth.

3. Expectoration

To spit; to eject saliva, mucus, or other fluid from the mouth.

4. Hemoptysis

Hemoptysis is a condition that is characterized by coughing up blood from the

respiratory system.

5. Dyspnea

Also known as shortness of breath, usually associated with heart or lung disease;
usually occurs with strenuous physical exertion or at high altitude.

6. Wheezing

Is the high-pitched whistling or rough rattling sound you hear when your airway is
partially blocked. It may be blocked due to allergic reactions, colds, bronchitis, or
allergies. Wheezing is also a symptom of asthma, pneumonia, heart failure, and
more. It may go away on its own, or it may be a sign of a serious medical condition.

7. Hoarseness

The result of the thickening of the vocal cords is usually inflammation (laryngitis),
but also vocal cord nodules (SINGER NODE) or partial paralysis of the vocal cord
muscles due to neck cancer or trauma to the laryngeal nerve.

8. Asthma

Asthma is a chronic (long-term) disease that affects the airways in the lungs. The
airways are the tubes that carry air in and out of the lungs. When you have asthma,
 the airways become inflamed and temporarily narrow. This makes it harder for air
to flow out of the airways when you exhale.

9. Bronchitis

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the breathing tubes. These airways are called

bronchi. This inflammation leads to increased mucus production and other changes.
While there are many types of bronchitis, the most common are acute and chronic.
Acute bronchitis can also call a chest cold.

10. Bronchiectasis

Bronchiectasis is damage to the tubes that carry air in and out of the lungs, causing
them to widen, loosen, and scar. These tubes are called airways.

11. Emphysema

A chronic respiratory disorder in which the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs over-
inflate, resulting in decreased lung function and often shortness of breath

12. Atelectasis

Atelectasis occurs when the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs do not inflate properly,
meaning the blood, tissues, and organs may not get oxygen. This can be caused by
pressure outside the lungs, blockage, poor airflow, or scarring. The most common
cause of atelectasis is surgery under anesthesia. Atelectasis usually goes away after
the underlying cause is treated.

13. Pleuritis

Pleurisy is inflammation of the lungs and protective membrane (pleura).

Inflammation occurs when an infection or harmful substance irritates the surface of
the pleura. Thus, stabbing chest pain is the main symptom of pleurisy.

14. Cystic Fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disease that affects proteins in the body. People
with cystic fibrosis have a defective protein that affects the body's cells, tissues, and
glands that produce mucus and sweat.

15. Pneumothorax
 The presence of air or other gas in the pleural cavity due to disease or lung tissue
injury, rupture of an inflated lung cyst, or chest wall puncture, spontaneously
occurring or induced as a therapeutic measure leading to collapse of the lung.

16. Hemothorax

Pleural hemorrhage, most commonly due to trauma, but also CA, surgery, or
infarction.

17. Bronchoscopy

Bronchoscopy is a test to examine the airways and diagnose lung disease. It is also
used to treat certain lung diseases. Synonyms: Bronchoscopy; Lung Cancer -
Bronchoscopy; Pneumonia - Bronchoscopy; Chronic Lung Disease – Bronchoscopy

18. Spirometry

Measure the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs with a spirometer.

19. Pleurocentesis

Pleurocentesis, also known as thoracentesis or pleural effusion therapy, is a

procedure used to remove excess fluid from the pleural space (the space between
the lungs and the chest wall) for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

20. Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial disease that usually attacks the lungs. But it can
also attack other parts of the body, including the kidneys, spine, and brain.

21. Pneumoconiosis

Pneumoconiosis is one of a group of interstitial lung diseases caused by inhalation

of certain lung-damaging dust particles. Because you are likely to encounter this
dust only in the workplace, pneumoconiosis is called an occupational lung disease.

22. Pulmonary edema

Pulmonary edema is defined as an abnormal accumulation of extravascular fluid in

the lung parenchyma. The two main types are cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic
pulmonary edema. This activity emphasizes the role of the interprofessional team in
the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.
23. Respiratory failure

There is a serious condition that makes breathing difficult. Respiratory failure

develops when the lungs do not get enough oxygen to the blood. We breathe oxygen
from the air into our lungs and breathe out carbon dioxide, which is a waste gas
produced in the cells of the body. Breathing is essential to life itself. Oxygen must
be carried from our lungs to our blood for the tissues and organs to function
properly.

24. Laryngitis

Laryngitis occurs when the voice box (larynx) becomes inflamed, and the vocal
cords swell and cannot vibrate properly. This causes someone to become hoarse or
lose their voice. People usually recover from laryngitis without treatment.

25. Pharyngitis

Inflammation of the pharynx occurs, leading to a sore throat. Thus, pharyngitis is a

symptom rather than a disease state. It is usually caused by viral and/or bacterial
infections such as the common cold and flu (both viral infections) or an infection
caused by Streptococcus bacteria (strep).

26. Tonsillitis

Tonsils are lumps of tissue at the back of the throat. There are two of them, one on
each side. In addition to adenoids, tonsils are part of the lymphatic system. The
lymphatic system removes infections and keeps body fluids in balance.

27. Sinusitis

Sinusitis refers to inflammation of the sinuses and the air spaces of the facial bones.
Sinusitis is most often caused by an infection of these spaces.

28. Rhinitis

Rhinitis medication (RM), also known as "rebound congestion", is inflammation of

the nasal mucosa caused by overuse of topical nasal decongestants. It is classified
under the drug-induced rhinitis subgroup.

29. Rhinoscopy
 Examination of the nose with a probe either through the front nose or the
nasopharynx.

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