CHAPTERS
Sacrifice and Spectatorship
in Context
A certain ‘timelesnens? has characterised the representation of sell
endangerment thus fa the Het chapter, the eeral sewage Bete
the burdens ofthe seifand the demands of sacety was waged within the
tian film and its orificaion of hers, of ty and expel ofthe
American ay [the send, the eduring states a palates
and imperiaiam were revealed beneath oon f the nn te mth fs
‘outside. tt the Biraion with ath itt ile em: the
thei of survival the alla of the ame, san aged concen. For Feu
this firtaton formed the cormerstne of hs anira har of the drive,
asthe pre-eminence of the death instinct” As discussed the trade
tion the indi estsand strengthens the dah die ressly thei
these branes with mortality, and ‘culture’ ler compeling platorm
for accasoning such thal, But the flirtation with death al proven
the joy of mastery andthe cperverse) alle of pain that Fed asaciatd
‘wth manachiom Fears or treat conquered salerng inde, nd,
‘het importantly and howe er event apprcciatin night be, there
‘pleasure init In this ehape's approach coins ration with dea, our
Ensen wl ar a for she ta eh a mete
rotagonnt and as witness othe prespctivesuferng on-screen and
Tm previous werk | have explored the “pleasure of -pewoure” in
sinema, fndiyg masochist underpin Ali's, especlly the erate
Yhviller, thteas and promises but also coming to describe spectator
ship pe se Ton want ropeat that deus here ut fo want 1
revive same of its mst salicot points fr thet resonance. The primary
tome of these is that there exit ane pervasive form of slik in
ies and that i sexual sel-enangerment: Fm casi mcharama
torneo not, dangeroun desir, eather than ensobling sual, drives she
turative. There, in other words, 4 ibudinal charge to pootgonisy'
Propulsion Wo thet own potential demise. Anovher, and related, points
that evem this desire cannot be viewed in sexual a paychic tems aiethe paschonenua and the sx interpretations of selfendangerment are
tut dcr. Post-wat fi not provided the aunt aby ios version of
thi Its ecw Remgos are ot Wt afl bun mans wa thee
henlydacmponered stats fuck thei doomed ater tthe (
{om fatale Ha previous capers provide another version, The dep
ona Ris nd Maverick, the Lison sisters ad Sai, demonstrated the
limerpla pyc (ths eval a ner) a cial (all hing
‘ter fcr final pont tobe take from the discussion of mas
‘his ha maimstcam cine, et we Faget a entrain torn
Whatever che aight pride, dscnfrt or esem distress, we watch it
for enioyment, and any negative acts must be reconciled according.
Where seal stendangernent x imtany impeates please, soil
sct-cvngerment must aa be cen as ating,
clr, an catty ave, then: the perasive ration with death in
fi, whether miming Tram duty ae Jest, peaks tthe psychic aed
sec nterpretation ofthe eds’ of characters and crucial 10 those of
‘Cinemas Pirtatiom with deat, ors relations sel
radangrtent, 6 be umersnal n pychowcal erm a in sore way
‘netic Certain, we've sen alread Hose accomplishes, and ose,
travers of beats, sty and, thovgh the questions and graticaions of
polis of style, ideology wt iomography are ever ar aay, theye
‘hot du principle interes in his caper stn, we tun to this mare
iynamic’ understanding ofthe salutary encounter with, we ambrace of,
salt serie, nt fr the ert or inpeial economics bieayed or wishes
Fue theough it bt forthe ywschonxil benefits alors
This ven to the spectator docs, T up, call he ela made a the
‘ey te ofthis set, that nema about endanger i terms
fof content und spetatoship. The farmer ume has dominated thus ft,
sod T have shown rink within ln cmtet te Ue wie ta sy
Snd conservative force bu here the question of the spectator'sroenery
twomentuen, ax reflecting spectatrial rather than naraival invetmert,
‘comes the fore. Whete paschosnaltie ln theory has argued or the
self-forificaon and self-eohesion that comes with conventional se
among ater things suuh consolidation i, ere tobe contcnuais
‘certain timeless has characterised the representation of ef
‘endangerment thus fa hut this chapter, we shall be thinking of ell
‘endangerment sal ime, To do wt stress again te importance of
‘conte, to pt sl-endangcrment into is socio-hnoicl surround, bt
itis im addition, to seis serving a mate specie psyehic functiom that
«an be mobilised in imes of need Thi sno jon another nod to sup
‘structure but superstructre in te with hstry and nage with wal
weosmar TL
‘amscence, Cinemas lation with cath tobe shown thea, a ay
bythe times. I speaks tthe human eoaiton sido condition that there
‘sprit form. This pet paychoneil in nature rater than iol
calor commercial though inevitably thse ure involved
‘Cine tation with deat scutes re bral, hay aly
then historically impacted. Heroic genres, such as action of dint
monic, or tragedies, such a meadram oF in oi, surge
‘vented in ecrtain periods, mc like thee literary or pcr forbear,
Fils are products of thts ina hoe of ys atic, tnt
technological, commercial, and, uf course, paschonoil — and 580
‘the i sation is tly tm all the pct. Hat my phere
less generic I asking ‘what's in #2" forthe iidual, and putting that
‘question and sha inv alin contest are inst home on pe
fic pero in North American strand Helly ees alter the
terrorist attach in the United State om 11 September 2001, Pint 9/11
‘in hasan intense elation wo sells ad ne ak ar pris
4 potent content for understanding the fall weight of the pase
Tevards of einem ad forthe ref assed volence and femumcaton
Snichin tI what fois shall eis and evaluate an emerging and
Aistinety post 9/11 thematic that operates it the natraie, aesthetic ad
‘sschic economics troup of mainstream saat ell sarc om
"he 21005. These nae ta be characterised hy tei ethic eneige
‘ment, thei capacity t stage and negotiate, with some profundity. the
(Western inside complicity in the sullen ot others. This ethical
cogagemech, al is perspiccity ll ame andr icrahing erat) as
‘the chayer progresses
Conflict im
[Complicity in Post-9/11
9/11 hm ship with sl-cmangerment sei ard
suicide played ama ole is events, epeteisions and inert
“The event themmeles were the reall of sce borsbing an eros
Aamikae- ike use of the body a weapon of ras struction, ut they abo
represented, faces Deri declared, “two scien in
foriste Town. bu al the wide of thone who welcomed,
trained them * This “double suede’, or the Une State
fia” sce flection complex pet nthe tac, ea
ft the terrorists in practical and pola erm: through anit
poms but aso through encourasng anti-American ia fren
policy an! geopolitical intervention, Uhis double suicide, er double bn,
fel rewmate Bone a we diac the elatinship of cmp to