What is e paper???

• Electronic Paper, also known as Electronic Ink (e-ink) or Intelligent Paper

• E paper is a display device that mimics the appearance of ordinary ink on paper.

• Unlike conventional flat panel displays that emit light, an electronic paper display reflects
ambient light, like paper.

• This may make them more comfortable to read, and provide a wider viewing angle than most
light-emitting displays

• Digital pen is also used to create handwritten document

• An ideal e-paper display can be read in direct sunlight without the image appearing to fade.

Invented

Nicholas K. Sheridon invented the first e-paper, Gyricon, at Xerox's Palo Alto
Research Center in the 1970s. Gyricon is a thin sheet of flexible plastic containing a
layer of tiny plastic beads that rotate freely.
In 1989, Sheridon began developing Gyricon to mimic printed text on paper. The new
paper-like technology could feature pages upon pages of text that could be re-written
thousands of times.
In 2007, Amazon released the first generation of e-reader Kindle, which is equipped
with a 6-inch 4th-order electronic paper ink screen.
E Ink is the inventor of several types of electrophoretic ink, often called electronic
ink. When laminated to a plastic film, and then adhered to electronics, it creates an
Electronic Paper Display (EPD), also known as an
ePaper Display.

Construction

FRONT PLANE:

• The front plane consists of E-ink.

• E-ink is made up of millions of tiny microcapsules

• Microcapsules have diameter of the order of 100 microns.

 • Each microcapsule contains positively charged white particles and negatively charged black
particles suspended in a clear fluid.

• When a positive or negative electric field is applied corresponding particles move to the
microcapsule wher they become visible to the viewer.this makes the surface appear white or
black at that spot.

BACK PLANE

• Back plane consists of electronic circuits.

• To form an E-ink Electronic display the ink is printed onto a
plastic film that is laminated to a layer of circuitry.
• The backplane controls each pixel or segment to formulate
the image on the E-paper.
• Provides appropriate voltages to control each pixel or
segment of the backplane.